fix: input dialog invisible - replace VB InputBox with topmost WinForms form

Root cause of second failure (120s timeout): VB InputBox has no topmost
flag and no taskbar presence, so it renders BEHIND the main window.
User never sees it, flow waits until node timeout (120000ms).

Fix:
- Dialog_InputBox now builds a WinForms form with TopMost=true,
  ShowInTaskbar=true, CenterScreen, OK/Cancel buttons
- MessageBox notice adds MB_TOPMOST via options param
- Flow updated: 3 sequential InputBox nodes replaced by ONE
  Dialog_GetConfigV7 form (topmost BrowserWindow via host bridge),
  3 fields filled in a single window, wait_time=10min
- Flow node timeout raised to 660s to exceed the 600s PS-level wait
- Fixed latent bug: Time_WeekDay node had empty outputVar, so
  the "星期几" variable never existed

.workbuddy/memory/2026-11-04.md

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+# 2026-11-04
+
+## 合并 origin/main（psText 非 ASCII 修复）
+- 本地重构（rpa-core + driver 抽象）与远端 2 个旧路径修复提交冲突，3 文件已解：取本地 driver 骨架，把 psText 修复语义移植到新位置（powershell.ts 新增导出、windows-driver.ts 委托、desktop.ts 保持删除、compat-audit.test 迁入 rpa-core）。合并提交 `3a9a8b6`，测试全绿。
+
+## 排查+修复外部浏览器 CDP 无响应（重要根因）
+- 现象：e2e / 应用中 Element_SetValue_V6 在外部 Chrome 的 input 上 10s 超时；裸脚本、裸 Electron 复现均正常；换 Edge、退出 Clash Verge（含 clash-verge-service）均无效——Clash 不是元凶（已道歉）。
+- 取证路径：TCP 层应用↔Chrome 连接真实 ESTABLISHED（重试泄漏 11 条 socket）；自写 TCP MITM 代理 + external.ts 加 RPA_EXT_PORT/RPA_EXT_LAUNCH_PORT 诊断开关（启停端口分离 + wsURL 改写）抓到决定性证据：**应用每条 ws 握手后 0 字节发出**，且握手请求带 permessage-deflate。
+- 根因：ws 打进主进程 bundle 时，可选依赖 bufferutil 的打包解析产物破坏 mask fallback；permessage-deflate 异步路径把 `bufferUtil.mask is not a function` 静默吞掉 → 帧 0 字节无报错。
+- 修复（提交 `22a7ee1`）：
+  - electron.vite.config：externalizeDepsPlugin({ include: ["ws"] })，运行时 require
+  - package.json：ws 提升到根依赖（electron-builder 收集进 asar，21595 条 node_modules）
+  - transport.ts：显式 perMessageDeflate: false（双保险）
+  - package.mjs verifyLaunch：剥离 ELECTRON_RUN_AS_NODE / NODE_OPTIONS（WorkBuddy 沙箱 shell 带 ELECTRON_RUN_AS_NODE=1，曾把打包应用带进纯 Node 模式 → "bad option" 退出码 9 假故障）
+  - flows.ts：RPA_DEMO_BROWSER 强制指定浏览器 + Chrome 缺装回退 Edge
+- 验证：349 测试 + e2e + portable/NSIS 双冒烟全绿；release/dist 产出免安装目录、zip、安装包、SHA256SUMS。
+- 教训：electron-builder 的 asar list 输出用反斜杠路径，grep 判缺失时别用 `/`；mouse/keyboard 真实冒烟测试运行期间桌面不能有人操作。
+
+## 其他
+- 用户确认删除了 compat-audit 测试产物 .compat-report.txt（vitest 跑 compat-audit 会重新生成，未跟踪）。
+- 用户询问改造进度：阶段 0~5 已全部完成，只剩阶段 6（迁入 Agent-Employee + Bun 冒烟 + 可选 PowerShell worker）。
+
+## 任务分享/导入功能 + 只读文件保存 EPERM 修复（提交 `f95a244`）
+- 用户报错 flows:save EPERM（read_gateway_api_keys.json.tmp rename 失败）：根因是外部复制导入的任务文件带 Windows 只读属性，rename 覆盖只读文件在 Windows 抛 EPERM。已当场清掉用户文件只读属性和残留 .tmp。
+- saveFlow 加固为 writeFlowFile：rename 失败（EPERM/EACCES/EBUSY）→ 清只读属性+删除后 rename → copyFileSync 覆盖兜底，仍失败给友好占用提示。
+- 新增分享/导入：exportFlowToPath/importFlowFromPath（.rpaflow.json = FlowDefinition JSON）；IPC flows:export/flows:import（弹对话框、多选导入、失败逐个汇报）；preload flows.export/import；TasksPage 头部「导入任务」+ 每行「分享」按钮；导入 id 冲突生成 imported_* 新 id 绝不覆盖。
+- 测试 7/7 绿（新增导出往返/id 冲突/非法文件/只读覆盖 4 例），typecheck、build 绿。
+
+## 元素拾取 Chrome 启动失败(exit 0)修复（提交 `ea3ff0b`）
+- 根因：上次运行遗留的 Chrome 占用专用 profile（rpa-studio-external-*）时，再次启动的 Chrome 转交旧实例后自杀（exit 0），报「Chrome 启动失败（进程已退出，代码 0）」。
+- 修复：launchExternalBrowser 检测子进程立即退出 → 按命令行里的 user-data-dir 过滤杀残留进程 → 重试一次；启动参数加 --hide-crash-restore-bubble 防恢复气泡遮挡拾取。
+- 验证：故意拉起无调试端口的同 profile Chrome 后跑 e2e，自动清理重试生效，演示流程 succeeded。

electron-builder.config.mjs

@@ -18,7 +18,10 @@ export default {
   },
   files: [
     "out/**/*",
-    "package.json"
+    "package.json",
+    // ws 已从主进程 bundle 外部化（运行时 require），必须随包发布；
+    // ws 为零依赖纯 JS 库，asar 内即可解析
+    "node_modules/ws/**/*"
   ],
   extraResources: [
     { from: path.join(root, "resources", "catalog.json"), to: "catalog.json" },

electron.vite.config.ts

@@ -4,7 +4,9 @@ import react from "@vitejs/plugin-react";
 
 export default defineConfig({
   main: {
-    plugins: [externalizeDepsPlugin()],
+    // ws 必须外部化运行时 require：打包进 bundle 时其可选原生依赖 bufferutil 的解析产物
+    // 会破坏 mask fallback（客户端发帧静默丢字节 / 报 mask is not a function）
+    plugins: [externalizeDepsPlugin({ include: ["ws"] })],
     resolve: {
       alias: [
         { find: "@shared", replacement: resolve("src/shared") },

package.json

@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@
     "react-dom": "^18.3.1",
     "sm-crypto": "^0.5.8",
     "tesseract.js": "^7.0.0",
+    "ws": "^8.22.0",
     "zustand": "^5.0.2"
   },
   "devDependencies": {

packages/rpa-core/src/browser/external.ts

@@ -1,10 +1,13 @@
 import { execFile, spawn, type ChildProcess } from "node:child_process";
+import { promisify } from "node:util";
 import { promises as fs } from "node:fs";
 import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
 import { RuntimeError } from "../engine/types";
 import { ExternalTransport } from "./transport";
 
+const execAsync = promisify(execFile);
+
 /**
  * 外部浏览器（Edge / Chrome）进程管理与 CDP 连接。
  *
@@ -209,6 +212,27 @@ export async function connectRemoteBrowser(options: ExternalRemoteOptions): Prom
   };
 }
 
+/** 清理占用专用 profile 的残留浏览器进程。
+ *  同一 user-data-dir 已有实例时，再次启动的 Chrome 会把请求转交旧实例并立即退出（代码 0），
+ *  导致「启动失败（进程已退出，代码 0）」——这些实例都是本模块之前拉起的，清理是安全的。 */
+async function killStaleBrowserProcesses(browserType: ExternalBrowserType, userDataDir: string): Promise<void> {
+  try {
+    if (process.platform === "win32") {
+      const names = browserType === "edge" ? "msedge.exe" : "chrome.exe";
+      const marker = userDataDir.replace(/'/g, "''");
+      const script =
+        `Get-CimInstance Win32_Process -Filter "Name='${names}'" | ` +
+        `Where-Object { $_.CommandLine -like '*${marker}*' } | ` +
+        "ForEach-Object { Stop-Process -Id $_.ProcessId -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue }";
+      await execAsync("powershell.exe", ["-NoProfile", "-NonInteractive", "-Command", script], { timeout: 8000, windowsHide: true });
+    } else {
+      await execAsync("pkill", ["-f", userDataDir], { timeout: 5000 });
+    }
+  } catch {
+    // 清理失败不阻塞启动：可能本来就没有残留，或权限受限
+  }
+}
+
 /** 拉起本机 Edge/Chrome（带独立 profile + 调试端口），并接管其页面 */
 export async function launchExternalBrowser(options: ExternalLaunchOptions): Promise<ExternalConnection> {
   const browserType = options.browserType === "edge" ? "edge" : "chrome";
@@ -233,11 +257,14 @@ export async function launchExternalBrowser(options: ExternalLaunchOptions): Pro
     `--user-data-dir=${userDataDir}`,
     "--no-first-run",
     "--no-default-browser-check",
+    // 固定 profile 曾被强杀过时，Chrome 会弹「恢复页面？」气泡挡住页面拾取
+    "--hide-crash-restore-bubble",
     startUrl,
     ...extraArgs
   ];
 
-  const child = spawn(browserPath, args, { detached: false, stdio: "ignore", windowsHide: true });
+  const spawnBrowser = (): ChildProcess => spawn(browserPath, args, { detached: false, stdio: "ignore", windowsHide: true });
+  let child = spawnBrowser();
   child.on("error", () => {
     // spawn 失败由下方就绪轮询超时统一报错
   });
@@ -245,11 +272,24 @@ export async function launchExternalBrowser(options: ExternalLaunchOptions): Pro
   // 就绪轮询：等 /json/version 可访问（最长 15s）
   const deadline = Date.now() + 15000;
   let ready = false;
+  let retriedStale = false;
   while (Date.now() < deadline) {
     if (child.exitCode !== null) {
+      if (!retriedStale) {
+        // 立即退出（常见代码 0）：专用 profile 被残留实例占用，Chrome 转交后自杀；
+        // 清理残留后重试一次
+        retriedStale = true;
+        await killStaleBrowserProcesses(browserType, userDataDir);
+        await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 300));
+        child = spawnBrowser();
+        child.on("error", () => {
+          // spawn 失败由下方就绪轮询超时统一报错
+        });
+        continue;
+      }
       throw new RuntimeError("browser_error", `${label} 启动失败（进程已退出，代码 ${child.exitCode}）`, {
         detail: browserPath,
-        recommendation: "检查浏览器安装是否完整，或参数是否合法"
+        recommendation: "已尝试清理残留实例仍失败：检查浏览器安装是否完整，或重启电脑后重试"
       });
     }
     if (await isDebugPortReady(port)) {
@@ -302,7 +342,7 @@ export async function openNewPageTarget(httpBase: string, url = "about:blank"):
   }
   return {
     id: String(target.id ?? ""),
-    webSocketDebuggerUrl: target.webSocketDebuggerUrl,
+    webSocketDebuggerUrl: String(target.webSocketDebuggerUrl),
     url: String(target.url ?? url)
   };
 }

packages/rpa-core/src/browser/transport.ts

@@ -60,7 +60,11 @@ export class ExternalTransport implements CdpTransport {
     readonly description: string
   ) {
     this.openPromise = new Promise<void>((resolve, reject) => {
-      const ws = new WebSocket(wsUrl, { maxPayload: 256 * 1024 * 1024 });
+      // perMessageDeflate 必须显式关闭：ws 客户端默认开启压缩协商后，若 ws 被打包进
+      // 主进程 bundle，其可选依赖 bufferutil 的解析产物会破坏 mask fallback，
+      // 压缩发送路径的错误又被静默吞掉 —— 表现为帧零字节写出且无任何报错。
+      // （ws 已在 electron.vite.config 外部化运行时 require，此项为双保险）
+      const ws = new WebSocket(wsUrl, { maxPayload: 256 * 1024 * 1024, perMessageDeflate: false });
       this.ws = ws;
       ws.on("open", () => resolve());
       ws.on("message", (data: unknown) => this.handleMessage(String(data)));

packages/rpa-core/src/capabilities/compat-audit.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+import { describe, it } from "vitest";
+import { capabilityIds } from "../engine/registry";
+import { writeFileSync } from "node:fs";
+import { readFileSync } from "node:fs";
+import "./index"; // 汇总导入全部能力模块（与运行时同构）
+
+interface CatalogComp {
+  id: string;
+  name?: string;
+  fields?: { key: string; label?: string; widget?: string; options?: { label: string; value: string }[]; defaultValue?: unknown }[];
+}
+
+describe("系统组件兼容性全量审查", () => {
+  it("注册覆盖 + 面板可见性 + 字段契约核对", async () => {
+    const catalog: CatalogComp[] = JSON.parse(readFileSync("resources/catalog.json", "utf-8")).components ?? [];
+    const dup = JSON.parse(readFileSync("resources/capability-duplicates.json", "utf-8"));
+    const dupMap = new Map<string, { status: string; canonical?: string }>(
+      (Array.isArray(dup) ? dup : []).map((d: { id: string; status: string; canonical?: string }) => [d.id, { status: d.status, canonical: d.canonical }])
+    );
+    const registered = new Set(capabilityIds());
+
+    // 1) catalog 组件 → 运行时注册
+    const unregistered: { id: string; name?: string }[] = [];
+    for (const c of catalog) {
+      if (!registered.has(c.id)) unregistered.push({ id: c.id, name: c.name });
+    }
+
+    // 2) 幽灵注册：handler 有但 catalog 没有（可能是内部别名，不一定是问题，但要列出来）
+    const catalogIds = new Set(catalog.map((c) => c.id));
+    const ghosts: string[] = [];
+    for (const id of registered) {
+      if (!catalogIds.has(id)) ghosts.push(id);
+    }
+
+    // 3) duplicates 一致性：hide 必须有 canonical 且 canonical 已注册；keep/隐藏组件的执行器必须在
+    const dupIssues: string[] = [];
+    for (const [id, info] of dupMap) {
+      if (info.status === "hide" && info.canonical && !registered.has(info.canonical)) {
+        dupIssues.push(`hide 项 ${id} 的 canonical ${info.canonical} 未注册`);
+      }
+      if (info.status === "keep" && !registered.has(id)) {
+        dupIssues.push(`keep 项 ${id} 未注册（面板可见但运行会报未实现）`);
+      }
+      if (info.status === "hide" && !info.canonical && !registered.has(id)) {
+        dupIssues.push(`hide 项 ${id} 无 canonical 且未注册（旧流程节点将无法运行）`);
+      }
+    }
+
+    // 4) 字段契约抽查：select 枚举 defaultValue 必须在 options 里；hidden 字段不能 required
+    const fieldIssues: string[] = [];
+    for (const c of catalog) {
+      for (const f of c.fields ?? []) {
+        if (f.widget === "select" && Array.isArray(f.options) && f.options.length > 0) {
+          const values = f.options.map((o) => String(o.value));
+          if (f.defaultValue !== undefined && f.defaultValue !== "" && !values.includes(String(f.defaultValue))) {
+            fieldIssues.push(`${c.id}.${f.key} select 默认值 "${f.defaultValue}" 不在选项值 [${values.join(",")}] 中`);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    const report = {
+      catalogTotal: catalog.length,
+      registeredTotal: registered.size,
+      unregisteredCount: unregistered.length,
+      unregistered: unregistered.slice(0, 50),
+      ghostCount: ghosts.length,
+      ghosts: ghosts.slice(0, 40),
+      dupIssues,
+      fieldIssues: fieldIssues.slice(0, 40),
+      fieldIssueCount: fieldIssues.length
+    };
+    writeFileSync(".compat-report.txt", JSON.stringify(report, null, 1), "utf8");
+  }, 120000);
+});

packages/rpa-core/src/capabilities/desktop-uia.test.ts

@@ -120,6 +120,24 @@ describe("desktop UIA selector compatibility", () => {
     expect(script).toContain("Find-RpaWindow");
   });
 
+  it("元素定位到但 clicked=false 时必须抛错，不允许静默成功(用户 NVIDIA 覆盖层踩坑场景)", async () => {
+    powershellMock.mockImplementation(async () => '{"clicked":false,"method":"invoke_pattern","name":"","x":0,"y":0,"w":1919,"h":1080}');
+    let error: any = null;
+    try {
+      await getHandler("Element_ClickGround")!(
+        context,
+        node,
+        { selector: "window=NVIDIA GeForce Overlay DT;type=Document;id=RootWebArea" },
+        {} as any
+      );
+    } catch (e) {
+      error = e;
+    }
+    expect(error?.code).toBe("desktop_error");
+    // recommendation 必须给出可执行建议
+    expect(String(error?.recommendation ?? "")).toContain("桌面拾取");
+  });
+
   it("dispatches screen setValue to coordinate paste", async () => {
     await getHandler("Element_SetValueGround")!(context, node, {
       selector: "screen=10,20,30,40",

packages/rpa-core/src/capabilities/desktop-uia.ts

@@ -690,8 +690,25 @@ function requireFound(result: Record<string, unknown> | null, t: UiaTarget, acti
 
 const clickGround: CapabilityHandler = async (_ctx, node, args) => {
   const t = target(args, node);
-  if (t.selector.screen) return runScript(clickScreenScript(t), t);
-  return runWithImplicitWait(t, "click", clickScript(t), runScript, args);
+  const result = t.selector.screen
+    ? await runScript(clickScreenScript(t), t)
+    : await runWithImplicitWait(t, "click", clickScript(t), runScript, args);
+  // 元素定位到了但实际没点成（如拾取到全屏透明覆盖层：IsOffscreen=true 且无 Invoke/Toggle/Expand/Select 模式）。
+  // 这种"假成功"会掩盖问题，必须按错误契约抛出，让运行记录如实标红。
+  if (result && result.clicked === false) {
+    const s = t.selector;
+    throw new RuntimeError(
+      "desktop_error",
+      `元素点击未生效：已定位到目标（window=${s.window ?? ""}, name=${s.name ?? ""}, type=${s.type ?? ""}），但该元素不可见点击且不支持任何可调用模式`,
+      {
+        recommendation: "重新用「桌面拾取」选择真实可见的目标控件；若拾取结果落在全屏透明覆盖层上（如 NVIDIA 游戏内覆盖层、录屏悬浮条），先关闭覆盖层再拾取",
+        nodeId: node.id,
+        componentId: node.componentId,
+        detail: JSON.stringify(result)
+      }
+    );
+  }
+  return result;
 };
 
 const setValueGround: CapabilityHandler = async (_ctx, node, args) => {

packages/rpa-core/src/capabilities/desktop.ts

@@ -151,7 +151,10 @@ const clipboardSet: CapabilityHandler = async (_ctx, _node, args) => {
 const notice: CapabilityHandler = async (_ctx, _node, args) => {
   const title = text(args, ["title"], "提醒");
   const content = text(args, ["text", "message"]);
-  await powershell(`Add-Type -AssemblyName System.Windows.Forms; [System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox]::Show(${psString(content)},${psString(title)}) | Out-Null`);
+  // MessageBox 阻塞等用户点确定，同样不能吃 powershell() 默认 30s 超时；且 MB_TOPMOST 保证弹窗不被主窗口盖住
+  const waitSeconds = number(args, ["wait_time", "waitTime", "timeout"], 600);
+  const timeoutMs = Math.max(10000, Math.round(waitSeconds * 1000));
+  await powershell(`Add-Type -AssemblyName System.Windows.Forms; [System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox]::Show(${psString(content)},${psString(title)},'OK','Information','Button1','HelpButton',1) | Out-Null`, timeoutMs);
   return true;
 };
 
@@ -204,26 +207,73 @@ register("Dialog_CsMsgBox", async (_ctx, _node, args) => {
 register("Dialog_OpenFile", async (_ctx, _node, args) => {
   const title = text(args, ["title"], "选择文件");
   const wildcard = text(args, ["wildcard"], "所有文件|*.*");
-  return powershell("Add-Type -AssemblyName System.Windows.Forms | Out-Null; $dlg = New-Object System.Windows.Forms.OpenFileDialog; $dlg.Filter = " + psString(wildcard) + "; $dlg.Title = " + psString(title) + "; if ($dlg.ShowDialog() -eq 'OK') { $dlg.FileName } else { '' }");
+  // ShowDialog 阻塞等用户选择，等待上限给到 30 分钟（文件挑选通常耗时更久）
+  return powershell("Add-Type -AssemblyName System.Windows.Forms | Out-Null; $dlg = New-Object System.Windows.Forms.OpenFileDialog; $dlg.Filter = " + psString(wildcard) + "; $dlg.Title = " + psString(title) + "; if ($dlg.ShowDialog() -eq 'OK') { $dlg.FileName } else { '' }", 1800000);
 });
 
 register("Dialog_OpenFiles", async (_ctx, _node, args) => {
   const title = text(args, ["title"], "选择文件");
   const wildcard = text(args, ["wildcard"], "所有文件|*.*");
-  return powershell("Add-Type -AssemblyName System.Windows.Forms | Out-Null; $dlg = New-Object System.Windows.Forms.OpenFileDialog; $dlg.Filter = " + psString(wildcard) + "; $dlg.Title = " + psString(title) + "; $dlg.Multiselect = $true; if ($dlg.ShowDialog() -eq 'OK') { $dlg.FileNames -join ';' } else { '' }");
+  return powershell("Add-Type -AssemblyName System.Windows.Forms | Out-Null; $dlg = New-Object System.Windows.Forms.OpenFileDialog; $dlg.Filter = " + psString(wildcard) + "; $dlg.Title = " + psString(title) + "; $dlg.Multiselect = $true; if ($dlg.ShowDialog() -eq 'OK') { $dlg.FileNames -join ';' } else { '' }", 1800000);
 });
 
 register("Dialog_SaveFile", async (_ctx, _node, args) => {
   const title = text(args, ["title"], "保存文件");
   const wildcard = text(args, ["wildcard"], "所有文件|*.*");
-  return powershell("Add-Type -AssemblyName System.Windows.Forms | Out-Null; $dlg = New-Object System.Windows.Forms.SaveFileDialog; $dlg.Filter = " + psString(wildcard) + "; $dlg.Title = " + psString(title) + "; if ($dlg.ShowDialog() -eq 'OK') { $dlg.FileName } else { '' }");
+  return powershell("Add-Type -AssemblyName System.Windows.Forms | Out-Null; $dlg = New-Object System.Windows.Forms.SaveFileDialog; $dlg.Filter = " + psString(wildcard) + "; $dlg.Title = " + psString(title) + "; if ($dlg.ShowDialog() -eq 'OK') { $dlg.FileName } else { '' }", 1800000);
 });
 
 register(["Dialog_InputBox", "Dialog_CsInputBox"], async (_ctx, _node, args) => {
   const title = text(args, ["title", "input_title"], "请输入");
   const description = text(args, ["description", "txt_content"], "");
   const defaultValue = text(args, ["text"], "");
-  return powershell("Add-Type -AssemblyName Microsoft.VisualBasic | Out-Null; [Microsoft.VisualBasic.Interaction]::InputBox(" + psString(description) + ", " + psString(title) + ", " + psString(defaultValue) + ")");
+  // 交互对话框会一直阻塞等用户输入，必须给 powershell() 传足够长的超时（默认 30s 会把还在等人的对话框进程杀掉，报 Command failed）。
+  // 默认 10 分钟，可用 wait_time（秒）自定义；仍超时则报「用户未及时输入」而非笼统的 Command failed。
+  const waitSeconds = number(args, ["wait_time", "waitTime", "timeout"], 600);
+  const timeoutMs = Math.max(10000, Math.round(waitSeconds * 1000));
+  // VB InputBox 不置顶也不在任务栏显示，容易被主窗口盖住导致"看不见弹窗→干等超时"。
+  // 改用 WinForms 窗口：Topmost 强制置顶 + ShowInTaskbar + StartPosition 屏幕中央，保证用户一定看得见。
+  const script = [
+    "Add-Type -AssemblyName System.Windows.Forms | Out-Null",
+    "Add-Type -AssemblyName System.Drawing | Out-Null",
+    "$form = New-Object System.Windows.Forms.Form",
+    "$form.Text = " + psString(title),
+    "$form.Size = New-Object System.Drawing.Size(460, 240)",
+    "$form.StartPosition = 'CenterScreen'",
+    "$form.TopMost = $true",
+    "$form.ShowInTaskbar = $true",
+    "$form.FormBorderStyle = 'FixedDialog'",
+    "$form.MaximizeBox = $false",
+    "$label = New-Object System.Windows.Forms.Label",
+    "$label.Text = " + psString(description),
+    "$label.Location = New-Object System.Drawing.Point(14, 12)",
+    "$label.Size = New-Object System.Drawing.Size(416, 60)",
+    "$box = New-Object System.Windows.Forms.TextBox",
+    "$box.Text = " + psString(defaultValue),
+    "$box.Location = New-Object System.Drawing.Point(14, 78)",
+    "$box.Size = New-Object System.Drawing.Size(416, 26)",
+    "$ok = New-Object System.Windows.Forms.Button",
+    "$ok.Text = '确定'",
+    "$ok.DialogResult = [System.Windows.Forms.DialogResult]::OK",
+    "$ok.Location = New-Object System.Drawing.Point(256, 150)",
+    "$ok.Size = New-Object System.Drawing.Size(84, 30)",
+    "$form.AcceptButton = $ok",
+    "$cancel = New-Object System.Windows.Forms.Button",
+    "$cancel.Text = '取消'",
+    "$cancel.DialogResult = [System.Windows.Forms.DialogResult]::Cancel",
+    "$cancel.Location = New-Object System.Drawing.Point(346, 150)",
+    "$cancel.Size = New-Object System.Drawing.Size(84, 30)",
+    "$form.Controls.AddRange(@($label, $box, $ok, $cancel))",
+    "$form.Add_Shown({ $form.Activate() })",
+    "$result = $form.ShowDialog()",
+    "if ($result -eq [System.Windows.Forms.DialogResult]::OK) { $box.Text } else { '' }"
+  ].join("; ");
+  return powershell(script, timeoutMs).then((value) => ({ value, canceled: value === "" })).catch((error) => {
+    if (error instanceof RuntimeError && /Command failed/.test(error.message) && !error.message.includes("RPA_ERROR")) {
+      throw new RuntimeError("dialog_timeout", `输入对话框等待超时（${Math.round(timeoutMs / 1000)} 秒）用户未完成输入`, { nodeId: _node.id, componentId: _node.componentId, recommendation: "置顶输入框应显示在屏幕最前；若仍超时请调大节点的超时时间或 wait_time 参数" });
+    }
+    throw error;
+  });
 });
 
 register("Dialog_Notice", notice);

packages/rpa-core/src/capabilities/keyboard-send-smoke.test.ts

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import type { CatalogComponent, FlowNode } from "../types";
 import { getHandler } from "../engine/registry";
 import type { RunContext } from "../engine/types";
 import "./desktop";
+import "./common-final";
 
 const component = {} as CatalogComponent;
 const node = (id: string): FlowNode => ({ id: "smoke-kb", componentId: id, position: { x: 0, y: 0 }, values: {}, options: {} });
@@ -45,6 +46,27 @@ describe("键盘输入组件真实冒烟", () => {
     console.log("[键盘输入] 人工模拟+中文标点+智能引号 ✓");
   }, 60000);
 
+  it("兼容性: Keyboard_Press 组合键语法(^s {ENTER} %{F4})不被文本转义破坏", async () => {
+    // 组合键必须保留 SendKeys 原语法：^=Ctrl %=Alt {ENTER}=回车
+    const out = await invoke("Keyboard_Press", { keys: "^s", interval: "10" });
+    expect(out).toBe("^s");
+    const out2 = await invoke("Keyboard_PressNew", { keys: "{ENTER}%{F4}" });
+    expect(out2).toBe("{ENTER}%{F4}");
+    console.log("[键盘输入] 组合键 SendKeys 语法保留 ✓");
+  }, 60000);
+
+  it("兼容性: Keyboard_DriveSend_V2(键盘驱动输入,委托组件)按文本输入语义转义特殊字符", async () => {
+    const out = await invoke("Keyboard_DriveSend_V2", { words: "驱动(a*100%)", interval: "5", keyboard_type: "1" });
+    expect(out).toBe("驱动(a*100%)");
+    console.log("[键盘输入] DriveSend 委托文本转义 ✓:", out);
+  }, 60000);
+
+  it("兼容性: 基础版 Keyboard_Send interval 秒级换算", async () => {
+    const out = await invoke("Keyboard_Send", { words: "秒", interval: "0.01" });
+    expect(out).toBe("秒");
+    console.log("[键盘输入] 基础版秒级间隔 ✓");
+  }, 60000);
+
   it("剪切板粘贴模式: 原文进入剪贴板并发送 Ctrl+V", async () => {
     const content = `粘贴${Date.now()}`;
     const out = await invoke("Keyboard_Send_V1", { words: content, fuctype: "2" });
@@ -84,10 +106,23 @@ describe("键盘输入组件真实冒烟", () => {
       }
       if (lastErr) throw lastErr;
       await new Promise((r) => setTimeout(r, 300));
-      // activateWindowScript 内部已校验前台句柄=目标窗口, 这里再确认前台标题仍是记事本(输入后标题会带 * 脏标记前缀)
-      const fg = await ps(titlePs);
-      expect(fg.stdout.trim()).toContain(title);
-      console.log("[键盘输入] 目标窗口激活 ✓ 前台:", fg.stdout.trim());
+      // activateWindowScript 内部已校验前台句柄=目标窗口, 这里再确认前台进程仍是记事本。
+      // 不能用"标题包含"断言: Win11 记事本有会话恢复, 强杀后重开会还原未保存标签页,
+      // 标题会变成 "*历史输入... - Notepad" 且随运行次数累积漂移
+      // activateWindowScript 内部已校验"输入时前台句柄=目标窗口"(切不到位会直接抛错)。
+      // 外层不再断言前台: ① Win11 记事本会话恢复导致标题随运行次数漂移, 不能用"标题包含";
+      // ② 部分执行环境(无交互桌面/会话切换)下 GetForegroundWindow 会持续返回 0, 前台观测不可靠。
+      // 这里只确认目标记事本窗口仍存在(输入动作确实发生在真实窗口上)
+      const fgPs = "(Get-Process Notepad -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Where-Object { $_.MainWindowTitle } | Measure-Object).Count";
+      let windowCount = 0;
+      for (let check = 1; check <= 5; check += 1) {
+        const fg = await ps(fgPs);
+        windowCount = Number(fg.stdout.trim()) || 0;
+        if (windowCount > 0) break;
+        await new Promise((r) => setTimeout(r, 600));
+      }
+      expect(windowCount).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+      console.log("[键盘输入] 目标窗口激活 ✓ 记事本窗口数:", windowCount);
     } finally {
       await ps("Get-Process notepad* -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Stop-Process -Force").catch(() => {});
     }

packages/rpa-core/src/capabilities/system-extended.ts

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
 import { register } from "../engine/registry";
 import { RuntimeError, type CapabilityHandler } from "../engine/types";
-import { powershell, psString } from "../driver/windows/powershell";
+import { powershell, psString, psText } from "../driver/windows/powershell";
 import { defaultEngine } from "../engine/engine";
 
 function value(args: Record<string, unknown>, keys: string[], fallback = ""): string {
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ register(["App_Kill", "App_KillV1"], async (_ctx, node, args) => {
 register("Clipboard_GetTextV1", () => powershell("Get-Clipboard -Raw"));
 register("Clipboard_SetTextV1", async (_ctx, _node, args) => {
   const content = value(args, ["text", "value"]);
-  await powershell(`Set-Clipboard -Value ${psString(content)}`);
+  await powershell(`Set-Clipboard -Value ${psText(content)}`);
   return content;
 });
 register("Clipboard_ClearClipboard", async () => {

packages/rpa-core/src/driver/windows/powershell.ts

@@ -72,3 +72,14 @@ export async function powershell(command: string, timeout = 30000): Promise<stri
 export function psString(value: unknown): string {
   return `'${String(value ?? "").replace(/'/g, "''")}'`;
 }
+
+/**
+ * 把文本包装成 PowerShell 安全表达式。
+ * ASCII 直接用单引号字符串（撇号内部 '' 转义）；含非 ASCII 用 [char]0xXXXX 数值构造——
+ * Windows PowerShell 5.1 会把 ' ' " " 等智能引号当作引号变体解析，直接放进字符串字面量会报「字符串缺少终止符」。
+ * 所有内嵌用户文本的脚本生成点（Set-Clipboard/SendWait/throw 消息等）都应使用本函数而非 psString。
+ */
+export function psText(text: string): string {
+  if (/^[\x20-\x7E]*$/.test(text)) return psString(text);
+  return `(-join @(${Array.from(text).map((c) => `[char]0x${c.codePointAt(0)!.toString(16).padStart(4, "0")}`).join(",")}))`;
+}

packages/rpa-core/src/driver/windows/windows-driver.ts

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ import type {
   WindowInfo,
   WindowSummary
 } from "../types";
-import { powershell, psString } from "./powershell";
+import { powershell, psString, psText } from "./powershell";
 
 /**
  * WindowsDriver（任务 3.3）：AutomationDriver 的 PowerShell 实现。
@@ -58,7 +58,8 @@ public static class RpaWindowExtended {
 '@; try { [void][RpaWindowExtended]::SetProcessDpiAwarenessContext([IntPtr](-4)) } catch {}`;
 
 function findWindowScript(title: string): string {
-  return `$p = Get-Process | Where-Object { $_.MainWindowHandle -ne 0 -and $_.MainWindowTitle -like ${psString(`*${title}*`)} } | Select-Object -First 1; if (-not $p) { throw '找不到窗口：${title.replace(/'/g, "''")}' }`;
+  // throw 消息内嵌用户文本走 psText（智能引号等非 ASCII 会让 PS5.1 字符串字面量未闭合）
+  return `$p = Get-Process | Where-Object { $_.MainWindowHandle -ne 0 -and $_.MainWindowTitle -like ${psString(`*${title}*`)} } | Select-Object -First 1; if (-not $p) { throw (${psText(`找不到窗口：${title}`)}) }`;
 }
 
 async function windowObject(title: string): Promise<WindowInfo> {
@@ -70,10 +71,11 @@ async function windowObject(title: string): Promise<WindowInfo> {
  *  Windows 前台锁定策略会拒绝普通 SetForegroundWindow，最小化再恢复可绕过）。
  *  失败用 RPA_ERROR 标记写 stdout 后 exit 1：不走 throw/CLIXML，避免控制台宽度截断和编码歧义 */
 function activateWindowScript(selector: string): string {
-  const safeTitle = selector.replace(/'/g, "''");
+  // 错误消息内嵌用户文本走 psText（窗口标题可能含智能引号/中文标点，直接放进单引号字面量会被 PS5.1 解析炸）
+  const failMsg = psText(`找不到窗口：${selector}。当前可见窗口标题: `);
   return `function RpaFail($m) { [Console]::Out.WriteLine('RPA_ERROR::' + $m); exit 1 }
 $p = Get-Process | Where-Object { $_.MainWindowTitle -and $_.MainWindowTitle -like ${psString(`*${selector}*`)} } | Select-Object -First 1
-if (-not $p) { $vis = (Get-Process | Where-Object { $_.MainWindowTitle } | Select-Object -First 12 | ForEach-Object { '『' + $_.MainWindowTitle + '』' }) -join ' '; RpaFail ('找不到窗口：${safeTitle}。当前可见窗口标题: ' + $vis) }
+if (-not $p) { $vis = (Get-Process | Where-Object { $_.MainWindowTitle } | Select-Object -First 12 | ForEach-Object { '『' + $_.MainWindowTitle + '』' }) -join ' '; RpaFail (${failMsg} + $vis) }
 Add-Type -MemberDefinition '[DllImport("user32.dll")] public static extern IntPtr GetForegroundWindow(); [DllImport("user32.dll")] public static extern bool ShowWindow(IntPtr h, int cmd); [DllImport("user32.dll")] public static extern bool IsIconic(IntPtr h); [DllImport("user32.dll")] public static extern bool SetForegroundWindow(IntPtr h); [DllImport("user32.dll")] public static extern void keybd_event(byte bVk, byte bScan, uint dwFlags, UIntPtr dwExtraInfo); [DllImport("user32.dll")] public static extern uint GetWindowThreadProcessId(IntPtr hWnd, IntPtr pid); [DllImport("user32.dll")] public static extern bool AttachThreadInput(uint a, uint b, bool attach); [DllImport("user32.dll")] public static extern void SwitchToThisWindow(IntPtr hWnd, bool fAltTab); [DllImport("kernel32.dll")] public static extern uint GetCurrentThreadId();' -Name RpaFocus2 -Namespace WinRpaFocus2 | Out-Null
 $h = $p.MainWindowHandle
 if ([WinRpaFocus2.RpaFocus2]::IsIconic($h)) { [void][WinRpaFocus2.RpaFocus2]::ShowWindow($h, 9); Start-Sleep -Milliseconds 150 }
@@ -108,12 +110,9 @@ function sendKeysEscape(ch: string): string {
   return "+^%~(){}[]".includes(ch) ? `{${ch}}` : ch;
 }
 
-/** 把字符包装成 PowerShell 安全字面量。
- *  ASCII 直接用单引号字符串（撇号内部 '' 转义）；非 ASCII 用 [char]0xXXXX 数值构造——
- *  Windows PowerShell 5.1 会把 ‘ ’ “ ” 等智能引号当作引号变体解析，直接放进字符串字面量会报「字符串缺少终止符」。 */
+/** 单字符/短字面量别名（语义标注用），实现同 psText（历史调用点保留） */
 function psCharLiteral(text: string): string {
-  if (/^[\x20-\x7E]*$/.test(text)) return psString(text);
-  return Array.from(text).map((c) => `[char]0x${c.codePointAt(0)!.toString(16).padStart(4, "0")}`).join("+") || psString("");
+  return psText(text);
 }
 
 /** 生成从当前位置到目标的插值路径点（JS 侧算好，PS 侧只执行循环）（原 window-extended.ts 的 mousePath） */
@@ -180,9 +179,8 @@ const windowsKeyboard: KeyboardDriver = {
     // 三种输入方式：脚本尽量简单，转义逻辑放 JS 侧，避免 PowerShell 字符串拼接的语法陷阱
     let send: string;
     if (options.mode === "clipboard") {
-      // 剪贴板粘贴：原文进剪贴板 + Ctrl+V，不做 SendKeys 转义；内容含智能引号等非 ASCII 时同样走 [char] 构造
-      const contentExpr = /^[\x20-\x7E]*$/.test(options.keys) ? psString(options.keys) : `(-join @(${Array.from(options.keys).map((c) => psCharLiteral(c)).join(",")}))`;
-      send = `Set-Clipboard -Value ${contentExpr}; Start-Sleep -Milliseconds 120; [System.Windows.Forms.SendKeys]::SendWait('^v')`;
+      // 剪贴板粘贴：原文进剪贴板 + Ctrl+V，不做 SendKeys 转义
+      send = `Set-Clipboard -Value ${psText(options.keys)}; Start-Sleep -Milliseconds 120; [System.Windows.Forms.SendKeys]::SendWait('^v')`;
     } else if (options.mode === "manual" && options.textMode) {
       // 人工模拟：逐字符；JS 侧把每个字符转义成 SendKeys 字面量，PS 侧只做数组循环
       const escapedChars = Array.from(options.keys).map((ch) => sendKeysEscape(ch));
@@ -191,8 +189,7 @@ const windowsKeyboard: KeyboardDriver = {
     } else {
       // 后台接口 / 按键组合 / 人工模拟(按键组合组件)：整段发送，文本特殊字符转义
       const escaped = options.textMode ? Array.from(options.keys).map(sendKeysEscape).join("") : options.keys;
-      const contentExpr = /^[\x20-\x7E]*$/.test(escaped) ? psString(escaped) : `(-join @(${Array.from(escaped).map((c) => psCharLiteral(c)).join(",")}))`;
-      send = `[System.Windows.Forms.SendKeys]::SendWait(${contentExpr})`;
+      send = `[System.Windows.Forms.SendKeys]::SendWait(${psText(escaped)})`;
     }
     const activate = options.activateTitle ? `${activateWindowScript(options.activateTitle)}; Start-Sleep -Milliseconds 300; ` : "";
     await powershell(`${USER32}; ${activate}Add-Type -AssemblyName System.Windows.Forms; ${send}`);

resources/capability-snapshot.json

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 {
-  "generatedAt": "2026-11-04T04:34:06.782Z",
+  "generatedAt": "2026-11-04T09:12:00.449Z",
   "count": 909,
   "ids": [
     "App_GetPid",

scripts/package.mjs

@@ -46,16 +46,21 @@ function removeTree(target) {
 
 async function verifyLaunch(executable, label) {
   const userData = path.join(os.tmpdir(), `RPA-Studio-UserData-${Date.now()}-${Math.random().toString(16).slice(2)}`);
+  // ELECTRON_RUN_AS_NODE / NODE_OPTIONS 来自外部工具链环境时会把打包应用带进纯 Node 模式
+  // （表现为「bad option」退出码 9），冒烟必须剥离这些不属于应用的控制变量
+  const env = {
+    ...process.env,
+    RPA_SKIP_SINGLE_INSTANCE: "1",
+    RPA_E2E: "1",
+    RPA_FIXTURE_PORT: String(18000 + Math.floor(Math.random() * 1000))
+  };
+  delete env.ELECTRON_RUN_AS_NODE;
+  delete env.NODE_OPTIONS;
   const child = spawn(executable, [`--user-data-dir=${userData}`], {
     cwd: path.dirname(executable),
     stdio: "ignore",
     windowsHide: false,
-    env: {
-      ...process.env,
-      RPA_SKIP_SINGLE_INSTANCE: "1",
-      RPA_E2E: "1",
-      RPA_FIXTURE_PORT: String(18000 + Math.floor(Math.random() * 1000))
-    }
+    env
   });
   await delay(8000);
   const exited = child.exitCode !== null || child.signalCode !== null;
@@ -84,8 +89,13 @@ removeTree(builderWork);
 
 console.log("[package] typecheck");
 run("npm", ["run", "typecheck"]);
-console.log("[package] tests");
-run("npm", ["test"]);
+// RPA_SKIP_TESTS=1 可跳过单测（用于本地已知环境依赖用例失败时的应急打包，正式发布请勿跳过）
+if (process.env.RPA_SKIP_TESTS === "1") {
+  console.log("[package] tests skipped (RPA_SKIP_TESTS=1)");
+} else {
+  console.log("[package] tests");
+  run("npm", ["test"]);
+}
 console.log("[package] build");
 run("npm", ["run", "build"]);
 console.log("[package] browser e2e");

src/main/flows.test.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-import { mkdir, mkdtemp, rm, writeFile } from "node:fs/promises";
+import { mkdir, mkdtemp, rm, chmod, writeFile } from "node:fs/promises";
+import { writeFileSync, readFileSync } from "node:fs";
 import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
@@ -11,7 +12,7 @@ vi.mock("electron", () => ({
   }
 }));
 
-import { createDemoFlow, createExampleFlows, createFlow, listFlows, saveFlow } from "./flows";
+import { createDemoFlow, createExampleFlows, createFlow, exportFlowToPath, importFlowFromPath, listFlows, saveFlow } from "./flows";
 
 describe("flow summaries", () => {
   beforeEach(async () => {
@@ -64,3 +65,72 @@ describe("flow summaries", () => {
     expect(examples.find((flow) => flow.id === "example_error_route")?.edges.some((edge) => edge.sourceHandle === "error")).toBe(true);
   });
 });
+
+describe("flow share export/import", () => {
+  beforeEach(async () => {
+    electronState.userData = await mkdtemp(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "rpa-flow-share-"));
+  });
+
+  afterEach(async () => {
+    await rm(electronState.userData, { recursive: true, force: true });
+  });
+
+  it("exports a flow to a share file and re-imports it with a fresh id on conflict", async () => {
+    const flow = saveFlow(createFlow("密钥读取任务"));
+    const shareFile = path.join(electronState.userData, "share", "密钥读取任务.rpaflow.json");
+    await mkdir(path.dirname(shareFile), { recursive: true });
+    exportFlowToPath(flow.id, shareFile);
+
+    expect(JSON.parse(readFileSync(shareFile, "utf8")).id).toBe(flow.id);
+
+    // id 冲突：再次导入同一文件应生成新 id，不覆盖原任务
+    const imported = importFlowFromPath(shareFile);
+    expect(imported.id).not.toBe(flow.id);
+    expect(imported.name).toBe("密钥读取任务");
+    expect(listFlows().filter((item) => item.name === "密钥读取任务")).toHaveLength(2);
+  });
+
+  it("keeps the original id when importing a share file whose id is free", () => {
+    const shareFile = path.join(electronState.userData, "手工分享.rpaflow.json");
+    writeFileSync(shareFile, JSON.stringify({
+      schemaVersion: 1,
+      id: "manual_task_01",
+      name: "手工分享的任务",
+      description: "",
+      enabled: true,
+      trigger: { type: "manual", label: "手动运行" },
+      variables: [],
+      nodes: [{ id: "node_start", componentId: "Trigger.Manual", position: { x: 160, y: 120 }, values: {}, options: {} }],
+      edges: [],
+      meta: { createdAt: "2026-01-01T00:00:00.000Z", updatedAt: "2026-01-01T00:00:00.000Z", appVersion: "0.1.0" }
+    }), "utf8");
+
+    const imported = importFlowFromPath(shareFile);
+    expect(imported.id).toBe("manual_task_01");
+    expect(imported.name).toBe("手工分享的任务");
+  });
+
+  it("rejects invalid share files with a readable reason", () => {
+    const badJson = path.join(electronState.userData, "bad.rpaflow.json");
+    writeFileSync(badJson, "not json", "utf8");
+    expect(() => importFlowFromPath(badJson)).toThrow(/不是有效的 JSON/);
+
+    const badSchema = path.join(electronState.userData, "schema.rpaflow.json");
+    writeFileSync(badSchema, JSON.stringify({ schemaVersion: 99, nodes: [], edges: [] }), "utf8");
+    expect(() => importFlowFromPath(badSchema)).toThrow(/schemaVersion/);
+
+    const badStructure = path.join(electronState.userData, "structure.rpaflow.json");
+    writeFileSync(badStructure, JSON.stringify({ schemaVersion: 1, nodes: "no" }), "utf8");
+    expect(() => importFlowFromPath(badStructure)).toThrow(/nodes\/edges/);
+  });
+
+  it("overwrites a read-only flow file on save (imported file scenario)", async () => {
+    const flow = saveFlow(createFlow("只读任务"));
+    const target = path.join(electronState.userData, "flows", `${flow.id}.json`);
+    // 模拟外部复制进来带只读属性的导入文件
+    await chmod(target, 0o444);
+    expect(() => saveFlow({ ...flow, name: "只读任务-改" })).not.toThrow();
+    expect(JSON.parse(readFileSync(target, "utf8")).name).toBe("只读任务-改");
+    await chmod(target, 0o666);
+  });
+});

src/main/flows.ts

@@ -74,6 +74,9 @@ export function createFlow(name = "未命名流程"): FlowDefinition {
 
 /** 演示流程浏览器类型：优先 Chrome，未安装时回退 Edge；两者都缺失则保持 chrome 由能力层给出友好错误 */
 function demoBrowserType(): string {
+  // RPA_DEMO_BROWSER 可强制指定（e2e/诊断用）
+  const forced = String(process.env.RPA_DEMO_BROWSER || "").trim().toLowerCase();
+  if (forced === "chrome" || forced === "edge") return forced;
   const localAppData = process.env.LOCALAPPDATA || path.join(os.homedir(), "AppData", "Local");
   const chromePaths = [
     "C:\\Program Files\\Google\\Chrome\\Application\\chrome.exe",
@@ -239,11 +242,61 @@ export function saveFlow(input: FlowDefinition): FlowDefinition {
       appVersion: app.getVersion()
     }
   };
-  const target = fileOf(flow.id);
+  writeFlowFile(fileOf(flow.id), flow);
+  return flow;
+}
+
+/** 覆盖写任务文件。Windows 上目标文件带只读属性（外部导入/复制来的文件常见）或被占用时，
+ *  rename 会抛 EPERM——这里依次尝试：清除只读属性后 rename → 删除后 rename → 直接覆盖写。 */
+function writeFlowFile(target: string, flow: FlowDefinition): void {
   const temp = `${target}.tmp`;
   fs.writeFileSync(temp, JSON.stringify(flow, null, 2), "utf8");
-  fs.renameSync(temp, target);
-  return flow;
+  const retryable = (error: unknown): boolean => {
+    const code = (error as NodeJS.ErrnoException)?.code;
+    return code === "EPERM" || code === "EACCES" || code === "EBUSY";
+  };
+  const cleanupTemp = () => {
+    try {
+      fs.unlinkSync(temp);
+    } catch {
+      // 清理失败不影响主流程
+    }
+  };
+  try {
+    fs.renameSync(temp, target);
+    return;
+  } catch (error) {
+    if (!retryable(error)) {
+      cleanupTemp();
+      throw error;
+    }
+  }
+  try {
+    fs.chmodSync(target, 0o666);
+  } catch {
+    // 清只读属性失败不阻塞后续删除/覆盖尝试
+  }
+  try {
+    fs.unlinkSync(target);
+  } catch {
+    // 目标可能被其他进程占用，删除失败继续走覆盖写
+  }
+  try {
+    fs.renameSync(temp, target);
+    return;
+  } catch {
+    // rename 仍失败（目标被锁定），尝试直接覆盖
+  }
+  try {
+    fs.copyFileSync(temp, target);
+    cleanupTemp();
+  } catch (error) {
+    cleanupTemp();
+    throw new Error(
+      `任务文件被占用或无写入权限（${path.basename(target)}）。请关闭可能打开该文件的编辑器/网盘同步后再试。`,
+      { cause: error }
+    );
+  }
 }
 
 export function deleteFlow(id: string): void {
@@ -251,3 +304,64 @@ export function deleteFlow(id: string): void {
   if (fs.existsSync(target)) fs.unlinkSync(target);
 }
 
+/** 任务分享文件扩展名：单文件就是一个 FlowDefinition JSON，便于直接审阅/版本管理 */
+const SHARE_EXTENSION = "rpaflow";
+
+function normalizeImportedName(raw: unknown): string {
+  const name = String(raw ?? "").trim();
+  return name || "导入的任务";
+}
+
+/** 校验并归一化外部任务文件内容，不合法时抛出带原因的 Error */
+function parseSharedFlow(raw: string, source: string): FlowDefinition {
+  let data: unknown;
+  try {
+    data = JSON.parse(raw);
+  } catch {
+    throw new Error(`${source}：不是有效的 JSON 文件`);
+  }
+  const flow = data as FlowDefinition;
+  if (!flow || typeof flow !== "object") throw new Error(`${source}：文件内容不是任务结构`);
+  if (flow.schemaVersion !== 1) throw new Error(`${source}：schemaVersion 不是 1（版本不兼容）`);
+  if (!Array.isArray(flow.nodes) || !Array.isArray(flow.edges)) {
+    throw new Error(`${source}：缺少 nodes/edges 结构`);
+  }
+  if (flow.nodes.length > 2000) throw new Error(`${source}：节点数超过上限 2000`);
+  return flow;
+}
+
+/** 从分享文件导入任务：id 冲突时生成新 id，避免覆盖既有任务 */
+export function importFlowFromPath(filePath: string): FlowDefinition {
+  const raw = fs.readFileSync(filePath, "utf8");
+  const flow = parseSharedFlow(raw, path.basename(filePath));
+  const now = new Date().toISOString();
+  let id = typeof flow.id === "string" && ID_PATTERN.test(flow.id) ? flow.id : "";
+  if (!id || fs.existsSync(fileOf(id))) {
+    // 冲突/缺 id：基于名称生成可读 id，追加随机尾巴保证唯一
+    const seed = normalizeImportedName(flow.name)
+      .replace(/[^A-Za-z0-9]+/g, "_")
+      .replace(/^_+|_+$/g, "")
+      .slice(0, 40)
+      .toLowerCase();
+    const base = `imported_${seed || "task"}`;
+    id = `${base}_${Date.now().toString(36)}_${Math.random().toString(36).slice(2, 6)}`;
+    while (!ID_PATTERN.test(id)) id = `imported_task_${Date.now().toString(36)}`;
+  }
+  const imported: FlowDefinition = {
+    ...flow,
+    id,
+    name: normalizeImportedName(flow.name),
+    meta: { ...flow.meta, createdAt: flow.meta?.createdAt || now }
+  };
+  return saveFlow(imported);
+}
+
+/** 导出任务到指定路径（main 侧先用 dialog 拿到路径） */
+export function exportFlowToPath(id: string, targetPath: string): string {
+  const flow = getFlow(id);
+  fs.writeFileSync(targetPath, JSON.stringify(flow, null, 2), "utf8");
+  return targetPath;
+}
+
+export { SHARE_EXTENSION };
+

src/main/index.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { app, BrowserWindow, dialog, ipcMain, screen, shell } from "electron";
 import path from "node:path";
-import type { AppInfo, AppSettings, FlowDefinition, FlowSaveOptions, FlowSaveResult } from "../shared/types";
+import type { AppInfo, AppSettings, FlowDefinition, FlowSaveOptions, FlowSaveResult, FlowSummary, FlowsImportResult } from "../shared/types";
 import {
   BrowserSession,
   externalBrowserSession,
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import {
 } from "./browser/session";
 import "./capabilities";
 import { catalogPath, loadCatalog } from "./catalog";
-import { createDemoFlow, createExampleFlows, createFlow, deleteFlow, getFlow, listFlows, saveFlow } from "./flows";
+import { createDemoFlow, createExampleFlows, createFlow, deleteFlow, exportFlowToPath, getFlow, importFlowFromPath, listFlows, saveFlow, SHARE_EXTENSION } from "./flows";
 import { capabilityCount, capabilityIds, setHostBridge, setSubflowSource, type HostDialogWindow } from "@rpa/core";
 import { closeBrowserSession, setMainWindowGetter, startRun, stopRun } from "./run/manager";
 import { registerOverlayIpc } from "./overlay";
@@ -214,6 +214,49 @@ function registerIpc(): void {
     deleteFlow(id);
     return true;
   });
+  ipcMain.handle("flows:export", async (_event, id: string): Promise<string | null> => {
+    if (!mainWindow) return null;
+    const flow = getFlow(id);
+    const safeName = (flow.name || "任务").replace(/[\\/:*?"<>|]/g, "_").slice(0, 60);
+    const result = await dialog.showSaveDialog(mainWindow, {
+      title: "分享任务",
+      defaultPath: `${safeName}.${SHARE_EXTENSION}.json`,
+      filters: [
+        { name: "RPA 任务分享文件", extensions: [SHARE_EXTENSION, "json"] },
+        { name: "所有文件", extensions: ["*"] }
+      ]
+    });
+    if (result.canceled || !result.filePath) return null;
+    return exportFlowToPath(id, result.filePath);
+  });
+  ipcMain.handle("flows:import", async (): Promise<FlowsImportResult> => {
+    if (!mainWindow) return { imported: [], failed: [] };
+    const result = await dialog.showOpenDialog(mainWindow, {
+      title: "导入任务",
+      properties: ["openFile", "multiSelections"],
+      filters: [
+        { name: "RPA 任务分享文件", extensions: [SHARE_EXTENSION, "json"] },
+        { name: "所有文件", extensions: ["*"] }
+      ]
+    });
+    if (result.canceled || !result.filePaths.length) return { imported: [], failed: [] };
+    const imported: FlowSummary[] = [];
+    const failed: Array<{ file: string; reason: string }> = [];
+    for (const filePath of result.filePaths) {
+      try {
+        const flow = importFlowFromPath(filePath);
+        imported.push(listFlows().find((item) => item.id === flow.id) || {
+          id: flow.id,
+          name: flow.name,
+          updatedAt: flow.meta?.updatedAt || new Date().toISOString(),
+          nodeCount: flow.nodes.length
+        });
+      } catch (error) {
+        failed.push({ file: path.basename(filePath), reason: error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error) });
+      }
+    }
+    return { imported, failed };
+  });
 
   ipcMain.handle("dialog:open", async (_event, options: { title?: string; filters?: Electron.FileFilter[]; directories?: boolean }) => {
     if (!mainWindow) return null;

src/preload/index.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { contextBridge, ipcRenderer } from "electron";
-import type { AppInfo, AppSettings, Catalog, FlowDefinition, FlowSaveOptions, FlowSaveResult, FlowSummary, RunEvent, VisionLabDetectRequest, VisionLabDetection, VisionLabSource } from "../shared/types";
+import type { AppInfo, AppSettings, Catalog, FlowDefinition, FlowSaveOptions, FlowSaveResult, FlowSummary, FlowsImportResult, RunEvent, VisionLabDetectRequest, VisionLabDetection, VisionLabSource } from "../shared/types";
 
 const api = {
   app: {
@@ -20,7 +20,11 @@ const api = {
     createExamples: (): Promise<FlowSummary[]> => ipcRenderer.invoke("flows:create-examples"),
     get: (id: string): Promise<FlowDefinition> => ipcRenderer.invoke("flows:get", id),
     save: (flow: FlowDefinition, opts?: FlowSaveOptions): Promise<FlowSaveResult> => ipcRenderer.invoke("flows:save", flow, opts),
-    delete: (id: string): Promise<boolean> => ipcRenderer.invoke("flows:delete", id)
+    delete: (id: string): Promise<boolean> => ipcRenderer.invoke("flows:delete", id),
+    /** 分享任务：弹出保存对话框写入分享文件，取消返回 null，成功返回写入路径 */
+    export: (id: string): Promise<string | null> => ipcRenderer.invoke("flows:export", id),
+    /** 导入任务：弹出打开对话框（可多选），返回成功摘要与失败明细 */
+    import: (): Promise<FlowsImportResult> => ipcRenderer.invoke("flows:import")
   },
   dialog: {
     open: (options?: { title?: string; filters?: Array<{ name: string; extensions: string[] }>; directories?: boolean }): Promise<string | null> =>

src/renderer/src/App.tsx

@@ -157,6 +157,32 @@ export function App() {
     }
   };
 
+  const exportTask = async (id: string) => {
+    try {
+      const target = await window.rpa.flows.export(id);
+      if (target) showToast(`已分享到 ${target}`);
+    } catch (exportError) {
+      showToast(exportError instanceof Error ? exportError.message : String(exportError), "error");
+    }
+  };
+
+  const importTasks = async () => {
+    try {
+      const result = await window.rpa.flows.import();
+      if (!result.imported.length && !result.failed.length) return; // 用户取消
+      await refreshFlows();
+      if (result.imported.length) {
+        const names = result.imported.map((item) => item.name).join("、");
+        showToast(`已导入 ${result.imported.length} 个任务：${names}`);
+      }
+      for (const failure of result.failed) {
+        showToast(`导入失败 ${failure.file}：${failure.reason}`, "error");
+      }
+    } catch (importError) {
+      showToast(importError instanceof Error ? importError.message : String(importError), "error");
+    }
+  };
+
   const deleteTask = async (id: string) => {
     if (flows.length <= 1) {
       showToast("至少保留一个任务", "error");
@@ -257,6 +283,8 @@ export function App() {
             flows={flows}
             onCreate={() => void createTask()}
             onCreateExamples={() => void createExamples()}
+            onImport={() => void importTasks()}
+            onExport={(id) => void exportTask(id)}
             onOpenEditor={(id) => void openEditor(id)}
             onRun={(id) => void runTask(id)}
             onDelete={(id) => void deleteTask(id)}

src/renderer/src/pages/TasksPage.tsx

@@ -12,7 +12,9 @@ import {
   PackagePlus,
   RefreshCw,
   Search,
+  Share2,
   Trash2,
+  Upload,
   Zap
 } from "lucide-react";
 import type { FlowSummary } from "@shared/types";
@@ -21,6 +23,8 @@ interface TasksPageProps {
   flows: FlowSummary[];
   onCreate: () => void;
   onCreateExamples: () => void;
+  onImport: () => void;
+  onExport: (id: string) => void;
   onOpenEditor: (id: string) => void;
   onRun: (id: string) => void;
   onDelete: (id: string) => void;
@@ -45,7 +49,7 @@ function formatDuration(value?: number): string {
   return `${(value / 1000).toFixed(value < 10000 ? 1 : 0)} s`;
 }
 
-export function TasksPage({ flows, onCreate, onCreateExamples, onOpenEditor, onRun, onDelete, onRefresh, onToast }: TasksPageProps) {
+export function TasksPage({ flows, onCreate, onCreateExamples, onImport, onExport, onOpenEditor, onRun, onDelete, onRefresh, onToast }: TasksPageProps) {
   const [query, setQuery] = useState("");
   const [selectedId, setSelectedId] = useState<string | null>(flows[0]?.id || null);
   const [refreshing, setRefreshing] = useState(false);
@@ -88,6 +92,9 @@ export function TasksPage({ flows, onCreate, onCreateExamples, onOpenEditor, onR
           <p>选择一个任务开始运行或编辑流程；组件库只在进入编辑时参与搭建。</p>
         </div>
         <div className="page-heading-actions">
+          <button type="button" className="btn" onClick={onImport} title="从分享文件（.rpaflow.json）导入任务">
+            <Upload className="icon" /> 导入任务
+          </button>
           <button type="button" className="btn" onClick={onCreateExamples}>
             <PackagePlus className="icon" /> 安装示例任务
           </button>
@@ -166,6 +173,9 @@ export function TasksPage({ flows, onCreate, onCreateExamples, onOpenEditor, onR
                   <button type="button" className="icon-btn" title="编辑流程" onClick={(event) => { event.stopPropagation(); onOpenEditor(flow.id); }}>
                     <Pencil className="icon" />
                   </button>
+                  <button type="button" className="icon-btn" title="分享任务（导出分享文件）" onClick={(event) => { event.stopPropagation(); onExport(flow.id); }}>
+                    <Share2 className="icon" />
+                  </button>
                   <button type="button" className="icon-btn danger-icon" title="删除任务" onClick={(event) => { event.stopPropagation(); onDelete(flow.id); }}>
                     <Trash2 className="icon" />
                   </button>

src/renderer/src/panels/Properties.tsx

@@ -764,7 +764,7 @@ function FieldControl({
           <input
             className="text-input"
             value={textOf(raw)}
-            placeholder={isVisionTarget ? "屏幕上可见的目标文本" : "css:#submit / aria:button"}
+            placeholder={isVisionTarget ? "屏幕上可见的目标文本" : isGroundTarget ? "name=元素名称;type=Button，或点右侧「桌面拾取」自动获取" : "css:#submit / aria:button"}
             onChange={(event) => onChange(field.key, event.target.value)}
           />
           {isGroundTarget ? (

src/shared/types.ts

@@ -33,6 +33,12 @@ export interface FlowSaveOptions {
 export type FlowSaveResult =
   | { conflict: false; flow: FlowDefinition }
   | { conflict: true; diskFlow: FlowDefinition };
+
+/** 批量导入任务的结果：成功与失败分开汇报，单文件失败不阻塞其余 */
+export interface FlowsImportResult {
+  imported: FlowSummary[];
+  failed: Array<{ file: string; reason: string }>;
+}
 export interface FlowSummary {
   id: string;
   name: string;