feat(frontend): 审批与系统设置模块页面接入及业务列表调整

- approval_orders/approval_steps 服务层：submit_order（不 commit 不嵌套
  audit，业务写路径统一收口）+ act 节点动作 + 分页/详情
- 开关关闭=提单即两级「自动通过」留痕（action=3，operator 记系统）；
  开启=财务→领导流转，一驳全驳，驳回必填意见
- 节点准入严格按角色（status=1 仅财务、status=2 仅领导），admin 不代办；
  模块准入 require_roles 依赖工厂（admin/finance/leader，营销后勤待
  澄清 #6 后放开）
- 业务接入：创建/编辑带方案即提单（空方案不提单）；再编辑自动撤回旧
  在途单（node=0/action=4 留痕）；AP 编号冲突 create 内可重取（外层
  重试兜底）、update 直接抛出防静默丢失
- conftest 兜底清理增审批单（AP 前缀）与开关参数种子基线恢复
- 集成 11 例：自动通过/两节点流转/驳回留痕/缺意见 400/节点准入 403/
  admin 不代办/重复操作 400/撤旧建新/模块准入

Co-Authored-By: Claude Code <noreply@anthropic.com>

.gitignore

@@ -59,3 +59,8 @@ frontend/e2e/*.png
 backup/
 .claude
 CLAUDE.md
+
+# 运行期上传物（公司 logo 等）：与构建产物隔离，不入版本库
+backend/uploads/
+# 数据库备份导出目录（⑨ 备份脚本产物）
+db/backups/

backend/README.md

@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
 # 后端
 
-> AI摘要：衍水集团营销人员工资管理系统的后端服务。FastAPI + SQLAlchemy（同步）+ MySQL + Redis，Python 3.12 由 uv 锁定。六层结构 `api / services / repositories / models / schemas / core`。当前实现登录鉴权与系统管理（用户/角色/操作日志/日志查询），业务模块待需求澄清后开发。
+> AI摘要：衍水集团营销人员工资管理系统的后端服务。FastAPI + SQLAlchemy（同步）+ MySQL + Redis，Python 3.12 由 uv 锁定。六层结构 `api / services / repositories / models / schemas / core`。已实现登录鉴权、系统管理（用户/角色/操作日志/日志查询）与 M1 参数体系（岗位角色管理、计提参数版本化/留痕/对比/预览/导出，2026-10-13）；业务模块（基础/业务数据、核算、报表）按路线图推进。
 
 ## 职责
 
 - 提供 REST 接口（统一前缀 `/api`）
 - 登录鉴权：图形验证码、JWT、登录限流、登出黑名单、登录日志
-- 系统管理（需求 2.5.1）：用户管理、角色管理、操作日志（自动审计）、操作与登录日志查询
+- 系统管理（需求 2.5.1）：用户管理、角色管理、岗位角色（#28 可扩展+公式模板绑定）、操作日志（自动审计）、操作与登录日志查询
+- 计提参数体系（需求 #28）：16 项参数目录、按生效日期版本化（回款到账日取值）、变更批次留痕/对比/导出、计算预览
 - 后续承担：基础数据、业务数据、绩效核算、报表统计、T+ 数据同步
 
 ## 技术栈与版本
@@ -70,6 +71,41 @@ app/
 | GET | `/api/v1/system/operation-logs/{id}` | 操作日志详情（含已脱敏的请求参数，展开行懒加载） |
 | GET | `/api/v1/system/login-logs` | 登录日志查询（用户名/IP/结果/时间范围） |
 
+### 基础数据接口（需求 2.1，登录即可 —— 业务操作不要求管理员）
+
+| 方法 | 路径 | 说明 |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| GET / POST | `/api/v1/base/personnel` | 人员列表（姓名模糊/状态/岗位筛选，附岗位与经理名）/ 新增（岗位须启用；经理非自己且在职） |
+| GET / PUT / DELETE | `/api/v1/base/personnel/{id}` | 详情（附区域与计划）/ 编辑 / 删除（被团队成员或客户归属引用 → 400 引导改离职） |
+| PUT | `/api/v1/base/personnel/{id}/status` | 在职 / 离职切换 |
+| PUT | `/api/v1/base/personnel/{id}/regions` | 辐射区域全量替换（空列表即清空） |
+| PUT | `/api/v1/base/personnel/{id}/plans` | 市场拓展计划全量替换 |
+| GET / POST | `/api/v1/base/products` | 产品列表（名称/规格模糊、类别/状态筛选）/ 新增（类别值域校验；名称+规格组合唯一） |
+| GET / PUT / DELETE | `/api/v1/base/products/{id}` | 详情 / 编辑 / 删除（被业务明细引用保护在业务表就位后生效） |
+| PUT | `/api/v1/base/products/{id}/status` | 启用 / 停用 |
+| GET / POST | `/api/v1/base/customers` | 客户列表（公司/负责人模糊、分类/归属筛选）/ 新增（分类值域；公司名+负责人唯一） |
+| GET / PUT / DELETE | `/api/v1/base/customers/{id}` | 详情 / 编辑（**不触归属**）/ 删除 |
+| PUT | `/api/v1/base/customers/{id}/ownership` | 归属变更（同事务写留痕；只影响变更后核算，不回溯历史 #19） |
+| GET | `/api/v1/base/customers/{id}/ownership-logs` | 归属变更留痕分页（join 人员出姓名） |
+
+### 业务数据接口（需求 2.2，登录即可）
+
+| 方法 | 路径 | 说明 |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| GET / POST | `/api/v1/business/businesses` | 业务列表（编号/公司名模糊、状态/客户/归属/日期筛选）/ 创建（编号 `YW{日期}-{序号}` 自动生成；明细 ≥1 行；销售额服务层固化） |
+| GET / PUT / DELETE | `/api/v1/business/businesses/{id}` | 详情（附明细）/ 编辑（明细全量替换 + 五项汇总重算；**归属不在此端点**）/ 删除（有发货或回款 → 400 引导改已终止） |
+| PUT | `/api/v1/business/businesses/{id}/status` | 状态流转（1→2/3；终态不可再变更；终止必填原因；写状态留痕） |
+| PUT | `/api/v1/business/businesses/{id}/ownership` | 负责/协助归属变更（同事务写留痕，owner_type=2） |
+| GET | `/api/v1/business/businesses/{id}/ownership-logs` | 业务归属变更留痕分页 |
+| GET | `/api/v1/business/businesses/{id}/status-logs` | 状态流转时间线（创建写首条 old=new=1） |
+| GET | `/api/v1/business/businesses/{id}/gross-profit` | **毛利润数据视图**（只读实时计算，不落库：行级率/折算额 + 类别汇总；不含运费 #2；阈值按 `as_of` 取参数快照；成本缺失行标注无法计算） |
+| GET / POST | `/api/v1/business/shipments` | 发货单列表 / 创建（编号 `SH…`；业务须执行中；行金额服务层固化；业务级发货/运费汇总回写） |
+| GET / PUT / DELETE | `/api/v1/business/shipments/{id}` | 详情 / 编辑（终态业务禁改）/ 删除（被回款批次指定 → 400） |
+| GET / POST | `/api/v1/business/receipts` | 回款列表（含 **payment_days 派生**：发货日首日=第 1 天 #1）/ 新增（编号 `HK…`；**shipment_id 同业务强校验**；业务须执行中） |
+| GET / PUT / DELETE | `/api/v1/business/receipts/{id}` | 详情 / 编辑 / 删除（**已核算回款禁改禁删**——M3 防重锚点） |
+| GET / POST | `/api/v1/business/rating-grades` | 评级等级全量列表（sort_order 升序）/ 新增（区间值域 + **与既有等级重叠 → 400**） |
+| PUT / DELETE | `/api/v1/business/rating-grades/{id}` | 编辑（重叠判定）/ 删除（无下游引用，允许清空） |
+
 全部写操作自动写入操作日志（成功与失败都记，机制见下）。
 
 统一响应 `{code, message, data}`，分页为 `list/total/pageNum/pageSize`。
@@ -153,6 +189,13 @@ bcrypt 5.0 起对超过 72 字节的密码**直接抛 ValueError**（此前是
 
 **角色管理保护规则**（后端是唯一防线，前端按钮禁用只是体验）：admin 角色禁删禁停；有用户绑定的角色禁删（`user_roles` 外键是 CASCADE；删除前走 `SELECT ... FOR UPDATE` 锁行，堵住并发绑定窗口）；`role_code` 创建后不可改；**停用角色不可再分配**（`_resolve_roles` 校验 status，停用只影响新分配、不影响既有授权）。
 
+### M2 业务数据的四个关键约定（2026-10-13 定稿，改动前先读）
+
+- **单据编号**（`services/no_generator.py`）：`{前缀}{YYYYMMDD}-{当日4位序号}`，业务 YW / 发货 SH / 回款 HK（`core/constants.py` 的 `NO_PREFIX_*`）。`SELECT MAX ... FOR UPDATE` 锁当日区间防并发重号；残余竞态以唯一键 1062 冲突**重试一次**兜底（无限重试会掩盖死锁）。序号超 4 位按实际位数输出（VARCHAR(32) 余量足够）。
+- **五项汇总冗余**（`businesses.total_*`）：明细/发货/回款的任何写路径统一收口到 `business_service._recalc_totals` 单点重算，禁止各处手写 SUM 回写；发货与回款服务写操作前**必须 `get_by_id(for_update=True)` 锁业务行**（防两模块并发写同一业务的丢失更新）。毛利润率/折算额**不落库**——它们是明细金额 + 时点化阈值的派生值，落库会在成本调整或参数改版后漂移；视图接口（`/gross-profit`）实时算，M3 核算台账才是法定固化点。
+- **留痕表的固化设计**：`ownership_change_logs` 与 `business_status_logs` 对客户/业务/人员 ID 均**无外键**（冗余固化，被引用方删除后记录仍完整可读）；RESTRICT 外键反而会把删除逼成 500。删除保护全部由服务层检查承担（人员→团队成员/客户归属引用；客户→业务引用；业务→发货/回款记录）。两张留痕表 append-only、不继承 TimestampMixin。
+- **金额契约**：schema 入参出参一律 `str`，小数超两位直接拒绝（不静默舍入）；服务层 `Decimal`，比率 `Fraction`；毛利润率出参为分数原样字符串（`"997/1000"`，同 M1 计算预览口径），前端原样展示禁止转 float。
+
 ## 常见问题
 
 **起服务报 `APP_SECRET_KEY` 相关错误** —— `backend/.env` 未填或不足 32 字符。这是刻意的 fail-fast：空密钥签发 JWT 是安全问题，必须启动即失败。

backend/alembic/versions/79bcc5aa98d4_v6_系统设置_二次分配_审批表与角色参数种子.py

@@ -0,0 +1,436 @@
+"""V6 系统设置/二次分配/审批表与角色参数种子
+
+Revision ID: 79bcc5aa98d4
+Revises: 8efc189b131f
+Create Date: 2026-10-15 15:42:13.467447
+
+"""
+
+from collections.abc import Sequence
+from datetime import date
+
+from alembic import op
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+from sqlalchemy.dialects import mysql
+
+# revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
+revision: str = "79bcc5aa98d4"
+down_revision: str | Sequence[str] | None = "8efc189b131f"
+branch_labels: str | Sequence[str] | None = None
+depends_on: str | Sequence[str] | None = None
+
+
+def upgrade() -> None:
+    """应用迁移。"""
+    # ### commands auto generated by Alembic - please adjust! ###
+    op.create_table(
+        "system_settings",
+        sa.Column(
+            "id", mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True), autoincrement=True, nullable=False, comment="主键ID"
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "company_name",
+            sa.String(length=64),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="公司名称（登录页与导出页眉展示）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "logo_path",
+            sa.String(length=255),
+            nullable=True,
+            comment="logo 相对路径（文件存 uploads/logo/，null=未上传使用默认）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "create_time",
+            sa.DateTime(),
+            server_default=sa.text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="创建时间",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "update_time",
+            sa.DateTime(),
+            server_default=sa.text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="更新时间",
+        ),
+        sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint("id", name=op.f("pk_system_settings")),
+        comment="系统设置表（公司信息，全系统单行）",
+        mysql_charset="utf8mb4",
+        mysql_collate="utf8mb4_general_ci",
+        mysql_engine="InnoDB",
+    )
+    op.create_table(
+        "approval_orders",
+        sa.Column(
+            "id", mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True), autoincrement=True, nullable=False, comment="主键ID"
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "order_no",
+            sa.String(length=32),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="审批单号，自动生成 AP{YYYYMMDD}-{4位当日序号}",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "order_type",
+            mysql.TINYINT(),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="审批对象类型：1二次分配方案 2月度结算（预留）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "ref_id",
+            mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="引用对象ID（order_type=1 时为 businesses.id；固化无外键，删除保护由服务层承担）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "refer_no",
+            sa.String(length=32),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="引用对象单号（冗余固化，列表页免联查）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "status",
+            mysql.TINYINT(),
+            server_default="1",
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="审批状态：1待财务复核 2待领导审核 3已通过 4已驳回 5已撤回",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "submitter_id",
+            mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True),
+            nullable=True,
+            comment="提交人ID（账号删除后置空）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "submitter_name",
+            sa.String(length=64),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="提交人用户名（冗余固化）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "create_time",
+            sa.DateTime(),
+            server_default=sa.text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="创建时间",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "update_time",
+            sa.DateTime(),
+            server_default=sa.text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="更新时间",
+        ),
+        sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(
+            ["submitter_id"],
+            ["users.id"],
+            name=op.f("fk_approval_orders_submitter_id"),
+            ondelete="SET NULL",
+        ),
+        sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint("id", name=op.f("pk_approval_orders")),
+        sa.UniqueConstraint("order_no", name=op.f("uk_approval_orders_order_no")),
+        comment="审批单表（营销后勤提交→财务复核→领导审核；开关关闭时自动通过留痕）",
+        mysql_charset="utf8mb4",
+        mysql_collate="utf8mb4_general_ci",
+        mysql_engine="InnoDB",
+    )
+    op.create_index(
+        "idx_approval_orders_type_status", "approval_orders", ["order_type", "status"], unique=False
+    )
+    op.create_table(
+        "approval_steps",
+        sa.Column(
+            "id", mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True), autoincrement=True, nullable=False, comment="主键ID"
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "order_id",
+            mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="审批单ID（approval_orders.id；单删记录随删）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "node",
+            mysql.TINYINT(),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="审批节点：0撤回留痕 1财务复核 2领导审核",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "action", mysql.TINYINT(), nullable=False, comment="动作：1通过 2驳回 3自动通过 4撤回"
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "opinion", sa.String(length=255), nullable=True, comment="审批意见（驳回时填写）"
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "operator_id",
+            mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True),
+            nullable=True,
+            comment="操作人ID（自动通过/系统动作置空）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "operator_name",
+            sa.String(length=64),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="操作人用户名（冗余固化；系统动作记「系统」）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "create_time",
+            sa.DateTime(),
+            server_default=sa.text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="创建时间",
+        ),
+        sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(
+            ["operator_id"],
+            ["users.id"],
+            name=op.f("fk_approval_steps_operator_id"),
+            ondelete="SET NULL",
+        ),
+        sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(
+            ["order_id"],
+            ["approval_orders.id"],
+            name=op.f("fk_approval_steps_order_id"),
+            ondelete="CASCADE",
+        ),
+        sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint("id", name=op.f("pk_approval_steps")),
+        comment="审批节点记录表（append-only；自动通过/撤回均有留痕）",
+        mysql_charset="utf8mb4",
+        mysql_collate="utf8mb4_general_ci",
+        mysql_engine="InnoDB",
+    )
+    op.create_index("idx_approval_steps_order_id", "approval_steps", ["order_id"], unique=False)
+    op.create_table(
+        "business_secondary_allocations",
+        sa.Column(
+            "id", mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True), autoincrement=True, nullable=False, comment="主键ID"
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "business_id",
+            mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="业务ID（businesses.id；业务删除随删）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "personnel_id",
+            mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="参与业务员ID（personnel.id；被方案引用禁删）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "personnel_name",
+            sa.String(length=64),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="参与业务员姓名（冗余固化，离职后回显有名）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "ratio",
+            sa.Numeric(precision=5, scale=2),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="分摊比例（0-100 两位小数；不要求合计满额，余额归属待澄清#2）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "create_time",
+            sa.DateTime(),
+            server_default=sa.text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="创建时间",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "update_time",
+            sa.DateTime(),
+            server_default=sa.text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="更新时间",
+        ),
+        sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(
+            ["business_id"],
+            ["businesses.id"],
+            name=op.f("fk_business_secondary_allocations_business_id"),
+            ondelete="CASCADE",
+        ),
+        sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(
+            ["personnel_id"],
+            ["personnel.id"],
+            name=op.f("fk_business_secondary_allocations_personnel_id"),
+            ondelete="RESTRICT",
+        ),
+        sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint("id", name=op.f("pk_business_secondary_allocations")),
+        comment="业务二次分配方案明细表（合同建立时录入；比例不要求合计满额，余额归属待澄清）",
+        mysql_charset="utf8mb4",
+        mysql_collate="utf8mb4_general_ci",
+        mysql_engine="InnoDB",
+    )
+    op.create_index(
+        "idx_business_secondary_allocations_business_id",
+        "business_secondary_allocations",
+        ["business_id"],
+        unique=False,
+    )
+    op.create_index(
+        "idx_business_secondary_allocations_personnel_id",
+        "business_secondary_allocations",
+        ["personnel_id"],
+        unique=False,
+    )
+    # ### end Alembic commands ###
+
+    # ---- 种子数据（生产与开发同源；写法沿用 V1/V3 迁移先例）----
+
+    # 三个审批职能登录角色（2026-10-15 复核审批补充需求；roles 表无 is_builtin
+    # 列，内置保护由 role_service 的 BUILTIN_ROLE_CODES 白名单承担）
+    op.bulk_insert(
+        sa.table(
+            "roles",
+            sa.column("role_code", sa.String),
+            sa.column("role_name", sa.String),
+            sa.column("description", sa.String),
+            sa.column("sort_order", sa.Integer),
+        ),
+        [
+            {
+                "role_code": "marketing_ops",
+                "role_name": "营销后勤",
+                "description": "提交与录入（审批链第一节点：月结/二次分配提交）",
+                "sort_order": 3,
+            },
+            {
+                "role_code": "finance",
+                "role_name": "财务",
+                "description": "复核（审批链第二节点）",
+                "sort_order": 4,
+            },
+            {
+                "role_code": "leader",
+                "role_name": "领导",
+                "description": "审核（审批链第三节点；全览只读）",
+                "sort_order": 5,
+            },
+        ],
+    )
+
+    # 审批开关参数定义（param_definitions id 沿用 V3 种子的显式 id 方案接续 17/18）
+    op.bulk_insert(
+        sa.table(
+            "param_definitions",
+            sa.column("id", sa.BigInteger),
+            sa.column("param_code", sa.String),
+            sa.column("param_name", sa.String),
+            sa.column("param_group", sa.String),
+            sa.column("value_type", sa.String),
+            sa.column("unit", sa.String),
+            sa.column("dimension_type", sa.String),
+            sa.column("options_text", sa.String),
+            sa.column("default_value", sa.String),
+            sa.column("value_min", sa.String),
+            sa.column("value_max", sa.String),
+            sa.column("description", sa.String),
+            sa.column("sort_order", sa.Integer),
+            sa.column("status", sa.Integer),
+        ),
+        [
+            {
+                "id": 17,
+                "param_code": "approval.secondary_allocation.enabled",
+                "param_name": "二次分配审批开关",
+                "param_group": "审批开关",
+                "value_type": "BOOL",
+                "unit": None,
+                "dimension_type": "NONE",
+                "options_text": None,
+                "default_value": "0",
+                "value_min": None,
+                "value_max": None,
+                "description": (
+                    "0=二次分配方案提交即生效（系统自动通过全节点留痕，留痕不断链）；"
+                    "1=提交后进入财务复核→领导审核审批流（2026-10-15 复核审批补充需求）"
+                ),
+                "sort_order": 17,
+                "status": 1,
+            },
+            {
+                "id": 18,
+                "param_code": "approval.monthly_settlement.enabled",
+                "param_name": "月度结算审批开关",
+                "param_group": "审批开关",
+                "value_type": "BOOL",
+                "unit": None,
+                "dimension_type": "NONE",
+                "options_text": None,
+                "default_value": "0",
+                "value_min": None,
+                "value_max": None,
+                "description": (
+                    "预留参数：月度结算审批链开关（M3 ④ 月结子块接入时消费）；"
+                    "0=结算生成即生效，1=走财务复核→领导审核审批流"
+                ),
+                "sort_order": 18,
+                "status": 1,
+            },
+        ],
+    )
+
+    # 审批开关联动批次条目（batch_id=1 即 V3 的「初始版本」批次；BOOL 无维度行，
+    # 生效日期 2026-01-01 对齐其他支付环节种子）
+    op.bulk_insert(
+        sa.table(
+            "param_values",
+            sa.column("id", sa.BigInteger),
+            sa.column("param_id", sa.BigInteger),
+            sa.column("dimension_value", sa.String),
+            sa.column("effective_date", sa.Date),
+            sa.column("value_text", sa.String),
+            sa.column("batch_id", sa.BigInteger),
+        ),
+        [
+            {
+                "id": 20,
+                "param_id": 17,
+                "dimension_value": "",
+                "effective_date": date(2026, 1, 1),
+                "value_text": "0",
+                "batch_id": 1,
+            },
+            {
+                "id": 21,
+                "param_id": 18,
+                "dimension_value": "",
+                "effective_date": date(2026, 1, 1),
+                "value_text": "0",
+                "batch_id": 1,
+            },
+        ],
+    )
+
+    # 公司信息单行（system_settings 恒为一行，id=1 由迁移保底）
+    op.bulk_insert(
+        sa.table(
+            "system_settings",
+            sa.column("id", sa.BigInteger),
+            sa.column("company_name", sa.String),
+            sa.column("logo_path", sa.String),
+        ),
+        [
+            {"id": 1, "company_name": "衍水集团", "logo_path": None},
+        ],
+    )
+
+
+def downgrade() -> None:
+    """回滚迁移。
+
+    整表回滚只保留 `op.drop_table` —— DROP TABLE 会连带删除索引与外键。
+    autogenerate 原样输出的逐个 `op.drop_index` 会失败：idx_approval_steps_order_id
+    与 idx_business_secondary_allocations_personnel_id 分别是外键的唯一支撑索引，
+    单独删除被 MySQL 拒绝（errno 1553），回滚会中断在半途。
+    删除顺序：先删引用方（approval_steps/二次分配），再删被引用方。
+    行级种子反向清理：roles/param_definitions/param_values 三表由 V1/V3 建、
+    本迁移只插行（roles 三角色、参数 17/18 及其版本条目），drop_table
+    不会带走，须显式 DELETE，否则重放 upgrade 时唯一键冲突。
+    """
+    op.drop_table("business_secondary_allocations")
+    op.drop_table("approval_steps")
+    op.drop_table("approval_orders")
+    op.drop_table("system_settings")
+    op.execute("DELETE FROM param_values WHERE id IN (20, 21)")
+    op.execute("DELETE FROM param_definitions WHERE id IN (17, 18)")
+    op.execute("DELETE FROM roles WHERE role_code IN ('marketing_ops', 'finance', 'leader')")

backend/alembic/versions/8efc189b131f_add_business_data_tables.py

@@ -0,0 +1,696 @@
+"""业务数据管理七表：业务/业务明细/状态留痕/发货单/发货明细/回款/评级等级配置（M2）
+
+- businesses：业务编号自动生成（报表 2.4.1「合同编号」），五项汇总冗余列
+  由服务层事务内维护；毛利润相关值不落库（派生值，M3 台账才是固化点）
+- business_items：行级 product_category 为折算锚点（对照表 #14），指导价
+  人工录入、T+ 同步不覆盖
+- business_status_logs：append-only，创建时写首条（old=new=1）
+- shipments/shipment_items：发货日为回款天数基准日（对照表 #1）
+- receipts：手动指定发货批次（#18）；settlement_status 为 M3 核算防重锚点
+- customer_rating_grades：等级映射可配置，种子四条随迁移初始化
+
+Revision ID: 8efc189b131f
+Revises: e1133a7c670a
+Create Date: 2026-10-13 11:14:17.545320
+
+"""
+
+from collections.abc import Sequence
+
+from alembic import op
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+from sqlalchemy.dialects import mysql
+
+# revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
+revision: str = "8efc189b131f"
+down_revision: str | Sequence[str] | None = "e1133a7c670a"
+branch_labels: str | Sequence[str] | None = None
+depends_on: str | Sequence[str] | None = None
+
+# 评级等级种子（与 init-dev.sql 双写一致；口径见模型 docstring）
+_GRADE_SEED = [
+    {"grade_name": "A", "min_score": 90, "max_score": 100, "sort_order": 1, "remark": "优秀"},
+    {"grade_name": "B", "min_score": 75, "max_score": 89, "sort_order": 2, "remark": "良好"},
+    {"grade_name": "C", "min_score": 60, "max_score": 74, "sort_order": 3, "remark": "合格"},
+    {"grade_name": "D", "min_score": 0, "max_score": 59, "sort_order": 4, "remark": "待改进"},
+]
+
+
+def upgrade() -> None:
+    """应用迁移。"""
+    # ### commands auto generated by Alembic - please adjust! ###
+    op.create_table(
+        "customer_rating_grades",
+        sa.Column(
+            "id", mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True), autoincrement=True, nullable=False, comment="主键ID"
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "grade_name", sa.String(length=32), nullable=False, comment="等级名称（如 A/优秀）"
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "min_score",
+            sa.Numeric(precision=5, scale=1),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="总分下限（含）；判定=按 sort_order 升序首个 min_score ≤ 总分",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "max_score",
+            sa.Numeric(precision=5, scale=1),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="总分上限（展示用）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "sort_order",
+            sa.Integer(),
+            server_default="0",
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="排序（判定顺序，升序）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column("remark", sa.String(length=255), nullable=True, comment="说明"),
+        sa.Column(
+            "create_time",
+            sa.DateTime(),
+            server_default=sa.text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="创建时间",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "update_time",
+            sa.DateTime(),
+            server_default=sa.text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="更新时间",
+        ),
+        sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint("id", name=op.f("pk_customer_rating_grades")),
+        sa.UniqueConstraint("grade_name", name=op.f("uk_customer_rating_grades_grade_name")),
+        comment="客户评级等级配置表（等级映射可配置；判定按 sort_order 升序首个 min_score≤总分）",
+        mysql_charset="utf8mb4",
+        mysql_collate="utf8mb4_general_ci",
+        mysql_engine="InnoDB",
+    )
+    op.create_table(
+        "business_status_logs",
+        sa.Column(
+            "id", mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True), autoincrement=True, nullable=False, comment="主键ID"
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "business_id",
+            mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="业务ID（固化，无外键；删除保护由服务层承担）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "old_status", mysql.TINYINT(), nullable=False, comment="变更前状态（创建首条为 1）"
+        ),
+        sa.Column("new_status", mysql.TINYINT(), nullable=False, comment="变更后状态"),
+        sa.Column(
+            "change_reason", sa.String(length=255), nullable=True, comment="变更原因（终止时必填）"
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "operator_id",
+            mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True),
+            nullable=True,
+            comment="操作人ID（账号删除后置空）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "operator_name",
+            sa.String(length=64),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="操作人用户名（冗余固化）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "create_time",
+            sa.DateTime(),
+            server_default=sa.text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="创建时间",
+        ),
+        sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(
+            ["operator_id"],
+            ["users.id"],
+            name=op.f("fk_business_status_logs_operator_id"),
+            ondelete="SET NULL",
+        ),
+        sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint("id", name=op.f("pk_business_status_logs")),
+        comment="业务状态变更记录表（append-only）",
+        mysql_charset="utf8mb4",
+        mysql_collate="utf8mb4_general_ci",
+        mysql_engine="InnoDB",
+    )
+    op.create_index(
+        "idx_business_status_logs_business_id",
+        "business_status_logs",
+        ["business_id"],
+        unique=False,
+    )
+    op.create_index(
+        "idx_business_status_logs_create_time",
+        "business_status_logs",
+        ["create_time"],
+        unique=False,
+    )
+    op.create_table(
+        "businesses",
+        sa.Column(
+            "id", mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True), autoincrement=True, nullable=False, comment="主键ID"
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "business_no",
+            sa.String(length=32),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="业务编号，自动生成 YW{YYYYMMDD}-{4位当日序号}（报表合同编号）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "customer_id",
+            mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="客户ID（customers.id）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column("business_date", sa.Date(), nullable=True, comment="业务日期（T+ 同步口径）"),
+        sa.Column(
+            "status",
+            mysql.TINYINT(),
+            server_default="1",
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="业务状态：1执行中 2已完成 3已终止（终态不可变更；T+同步不覆盖）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "owner_personnel_id",
+            mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True),
+            nullable=True,
+            comment="负责营销人员ID（核算归属锚点；NULL=待指定，M3 核算前置校验非空；变更留痕不回溯）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "assistant_personnel_id",
+            mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True),
+            nullable=True,
+            comment="协助营销人员ID（一期核算不使用，对照表 #15；仅记录事实）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "is_special",
+            mysql.TINYINT(),
+            server_default="0",
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="特殊业务标记：1是 0否（公司参与等）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column("special_note", sa.String(length=255), nullable=True, comment="特殊业务说明"),
+        sa.Column(
+            "total_sale_amount",
+            sa.Numeric(precision=14, scale=2),
+            server_default="0",
+            nullable=True,
+            comment="销售额合计（明细行汇总冗余，服务层事务内维护，禁手工直改；不含运费口径）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "total_cost_amount",
+            sa.Numeric(precision=14, scale=2),
+            server_default="0",
+            nullable=True,
+            comment="成本合计（明细行汇总冗余，服务层事务内维护，禁手工直改）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "total_ship_amount",
+            sa.Numeric(precision=14, scale=2),
+            server_default="0",
+            nullable=True,
+            comment="发货金额合计（发货明细汇总冗余，服务层事务内维护，禁手工直改）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "total_received_amount",
+            sa.Numeric(precision=14, scale=2),
+            server_default="0",
+            nullable=True,
+            comment="回款合计（回款记录汇总冗余，服务层事务内维护；M3 起付判定直接消费）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "total_freight_amount",
+            sa.Numeric(precision=14, scale=2),
+            server_default="0",
+            nullable=True,
+            comment="运费合计（发货单汇总冗余，仅记录展示；不计入毛利润口径，对照表 #2）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column("remark", sa.String(length=255), nullable=True, comment="备注"),
+        sa.Column(
+            "create_time",
+            sa.DateTime(),
+            server_default=sa.text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="创建时间",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "update_time",
+            sa.DateTime(),
+            server_default=sa.text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="更新时间",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "source_no",
+            sa.String(length=64),
+            nullable=True,
+            comment="T+ 原始单据号（同步幂等去重锚点；唯一键待 IT 定键后升级）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column("t_plus_id", sa.String(length=64), nullable=True, comment="T+ 系统内部标识"),
+        sa.Column(
+            "sync_batch_no",
+            sa.String(length=32),
+            nullable=True,
+            comment="同步批次号（同步模块写入）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column("synced_at", sa.DateTime(), nullable=True, comment="最近同步时间"),
+        sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(
+            ["assistant_personnel_id"],
+            ["personnel.id"],
+            name=op.f("fk_businesses_assistant_personnel_id"),
+            ondelete="RESTRICT",
+        ),
+        sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(
+            ["customer_id"],
+            ["customers.id"],
+            name=op.f("fk_businesses_customer_id"),
+            ondelete="RESTRICT",
+        ),
+        sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(
+            ["owner_personnel_id"],
+            ["personnel.id"],
+            name=op.f("fk_businesses_owner_personnel_id"),
+            ondelete="RESTRICT",
+        ),
+        sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint("id", name=op.f("pk_businesses")),
+        sa.UniqueConstraint("business_no", name=op.f("uk_businesses_business_no")),
+        comment="业务表（业务编号自动生成；T+同步不覆盖业务状态）",
+        mysql_charset="utf8mb4",
+        mysql_collate="utf8mb4_general_ci",
+        mysql_engine="InnoDB",
+    )
+    op.create_index("idx_businesses_business_date", "businesses", ["business_date"], unique=False)
+    op.create_index("idx_businesses_customer_id", "businesses", ["customer_id"], unique=False)
+    op.create_index(
+        "idx_businesses_owner_personnel_id", "businesses", ["owner_personnel_id"], unique=False
+    )
+    op.create_index(op.f("idx_businesses_source_no"), "businesses", ["source_no"], unique=False)
+    op.create_index("idx_businesses_status", "businesses", ["status"], unique=False)
+    op.create_table(
+        "business_items",
+        sa.Column(
+            "id", mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True), autoincrement=True, nullable=False, comment="主键ID"
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "business_id",
+            mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="业务ID（businesses.id）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "product_id",
+            mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True),
+            nullable=True,
+            comment="产品ID（products.id；NULL=自由录入，未入产品库）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "product_name",
+            sa.String(length=128),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="产品名称（引用产品时冗余固化）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "spec_model",
+            sa.String(length=128),
+            server_default="",
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="规格型号（冗余固化；空串对齐 products 组合唯一键口径）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column("unit", sa.String(length=16), nullable=True, comment="计量单位"),
+        sa.Column(
+            "product_category",
+            sa.String(length=32),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="产品类别（行级折算锚点，混合业务按产品逐条计算，对照表 #14；值域同 PRODUCT_CATEGORIES）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "quantity", sa.Numeric(precision=14, scale=2), nullable=False, comment="数量（>0）"
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "sale_price",
+            sa.Numeric(precision=14, scale=4),
+            nullable=True,
+            comment="销售单价（元；T+ 同步或人工）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "sale_amount",
+            sa.Numeric(precision=14, scale=2),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="销售额 = 数量×销售单价（服务层计算固化；不含运费口径，毛利润率分母）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "cost_amount",
+            sa.Numeric(precision=14, scale=2),
+            nullable=True,
+            comment="成本额（T+ 同步或人工录入，来源待 T+ 确认；毛利润额 = 销售额 − 成本额）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "guided_price",
+            sa.Numeric(precision=14, scale=4),
+            nullable=True,
+            comment="指导价（人工录入；T+同步不覆盖，需规 2.2.1/2.2.4）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column("remark", sa.String(length=255), nullable=True, comment="备注"),
+        sa.Column(
+            "create_time",
+            sa.DateTime(),
+            server_default=sa.text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="创建时间",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "update_time",
+            sa.DateTime(),
+            server_default=sa.text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="更新时间",
+        ),
+        sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(
+            ["business_id"],
+            ["businesses.id"],
+            name=op.f("fk_business_items_business_id"),
+            ondelete="RESTRICT",
+        ),
+        sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(
+            ["product_id"],
+            ["products.id"],
+            name=op.f("fk_business_items_product_id"),
+            ondelete="RESTRICT",
+        ),
+        sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint("id", name=op.f("pk_business_items")),
+        comment="业务产品明细表（毛利润行级源数据；指导价 T+同步不覆盖）",
+        mysql_charset="utf8mb4",
+        mysql_collate="utf8mb4_general_ci",
+        mysql_engine="InnoDB",
+    )
+    op.create_index(
+        "idx_business_items_business_id", "business_items", ["business_id"], unique=False
+    )
+    op.create_index(
+        "idx_business_items_product_category", "business_items", ["product_category"], unique=False
+    )
+    op.create_index("idx_business_items_product_id", "business_items", ["product_id"], unique=False)
+    op.create_table(
+        "shipments",
+        sa.Column(
+            "id", mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True), autoincrement=True, nullable=False, comment="主键ID"
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "shipment_no",
+            sa.String(length=32),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="发货单号，自动生成 SH{YYYYMMDD}-{4位当日序号}（内部追溯用）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "business_id",
+            mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="业务ID（businesses.id；终态业务禁止新发货）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "ship_date",
+            sa.Date(),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="发货日期（回款天数基准日，发货日首日=第 1 天）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "freight_amount",
+            sa.Numeric(precision=14, scale=2),
+            server_default="0",
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="运费金额（仅记录展示；不计入毛利润口径，对照表 #2）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "total_amount",
+            sa.Numeric(precision=14, scale=2),
+            server_default="0",
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="发货总金额（明细行汇总冗余，服务层事务内维护，禁手工直改）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column("remark", sa.String(length=255), nullable=True, comment="备注"),
+        sa.Column(
+            "create_time",
+            sa.DateTime(),
+            server_default=sa.text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="创建时间",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "update_time",
+            sa.DateTime(),
+            server_default=sa.text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="更新时间",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "source_no",
+            sa.String(length=64),
+            nullable=True,
+            comment="T+ 原始单据号（同步幂等去重锚点；唯一键待 IT 定键后升级）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column("t_plus_id", sa.String(length=64), nullable=True, comment="T+ 系统内部标识"),
+        sa.Column(
+            "sync_batch_no",
+            sa.String(length=32),
+            nullable=True,
+            comment="同步批次号（同步模块写入）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column("synced_at", sa.DateTime(), nullable=True, comment="最近同步时间"),
+        sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(
+            ["business_id"],
+            ["businesses.id"],
+            name=op.f("fk_shipments_business_id"),
+            ondelete="RESTRICT",
+        ),
+        sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint("id", name=op.f("pk_shipments")),
+        sa.UniqueConstraint("shipment_no", name=op.f("uk_shipments_shipment_no")),
+        comment="发货单表（发货日为回款天数基准日，发货日首日计第 1 天）",
+        mysql_charset="utf8mb4",
+        mysql_collate="utf8mb4_general_ci",
+        mysql_engine="InnoDB",
+    )
+    op.create_index("idx_shipments_business_id", "shipments", ["business_id"], unique=False)
+    op.create_index("idx_shipments_ship_date", "shipments", ["ship_date"], unique=False)
+    op.create_index(op.f("idx_shipments_source_no"), "shipments", ["source_no"], unique=False)
+    op.create_table(
+        "receipts",
+        sa.Column(
+            "id", mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True), autoincrement=True, nullable=False, comment="主键ID"
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "receipt_batch_no",
+            sa.String(length=32),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="回款批次号，自动生成 HK{YYYYMMDD}-{4位当日序号}（系统内唯一；T+ 同步回款以 source_no 幂等）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "business_id",
+            mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="业务ID（businesses.id）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "shipment_id",
+            mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True),
+            nullable=True,
+            comment="发货单ID（shipments.id；手动指定的回款对应批次，须与本行业务一致；NULL=暂未指定）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "receipt_date",
+            sa.Date(),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="回款到账日（M3 按此日匹配参数版本，对照表 #11）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "amount",
+            sa.Numeric(precision=14, scale=2),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="回款金额（≥0；一期禁负数/红字）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "is_barter",
+            mysql.TINYINT(),
+            server_default="0",
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="以物抵顶标记：1是 0否（M3 核算按应发绩效×barter.discount 折算，M2 仅标记）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "settlement_status",
+            mysql.TINYINT(),
+            server_default="0",
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="绩效核算状态：0未核算 1已核算（M3 核算防重锚点；已核算回款禁改禁删）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column("remark", sa.String(length=255), nullable=True, comment="备注"),
+        sa.Column(
+            "create_time",
+            sa.DateTime(),
+            server_default=sa.text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="创建时间",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "update_time",
+            sa.DateTime(),
+            server_default=sa.text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="更新时间",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "source_no",
+            sa.String(length=64),
+            nullable=True,
+            comment="T+ 原始单据号（同步幂等去重锚点；唯一键待 IT 定键后升级）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column("t_plus_id", sa.String(length=64), nullable=True, comment="T+ 系统内部标识"),
+        sa.Column(
+            "sync_batch_no",
+            sa.String(length=32),
+            nullable=True,
+            comment="同步批次号（同步模块写入）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column("synced_at", sa.DateTime(), nullable=True, comment="最近同步时间"),
+        sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(
+            ["business_id"],
+            ["businesses.id"],
+            name=op.f("fk_receipts_business_id"),
+            ondelete="RESTRICT",
+        ),
+        sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(
+            ["shipment_id"],
+            ["shipments.id"],
+            name=op.f("fk_receipts_shipment_id"),
+            ondelete="RESTRICT",
+        ),
+        sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint("id", name=op.f("pk_receipts")),
+        sa.UniqueConstraint("receipt_batch_no", name=op.f("uk_receipts_receipt_batch_no")),
+        comment="回款表（手动指定发货批次；已核算回款禁改禁删）",
+        mysql_charset="utf8mb4",
+        mysql_collate="utf8mb4_general_ci",
+        mysql_engine="InnoDB",
+    )
+    op.create_index("idx_receipts_business_id", "receipts", ["business_id"], unique=False)
+    op.create_index("idx_receipts_receipt_date", "receipts", ["receipt_date"], unique=False)
+    op.create_index(
+        "idx_receipts_settlement_status", "receipts", ["settlement_status"], unique=False
+    )
+    op.create_index("idx_receipts_shipment_id", "receipts", ["shipment_id"], unique=False)
+    op.create_index(op.f("idx_receipts_source_no"), "receipts", ["source_no"], unique=False)
+    op.create_table(
+        "shipment_items",
+        sa.Column(
+            "id", mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True), autoincrement=True, nullable=False, comment="主键ID"
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "shipment_id",
+            mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="发货单ID（shipments.id）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "product_id",
+            mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True),
+            nullable=True,
+            comment="产品ID（products.id；NULL=自由录入）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "product_name",
+            sa.String(length=128),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="产品名称（引用产品时冗余固化）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "spec_model",
+            sa.String(length=128),
+            server_default="",
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="规格型号（冗余固化；空串对齐 products 组合唯一键口径）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column("unit", sa.String(length=16), nullable=True, comment="计量单位"),
+        sa.Column(
+            "quantity", sa.Numeric(precision=14, scale=2), nullable=False, comment="发货数量（>0）"
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "sale_price",
+            sa.Numeric(precision=14, scale=4),
+            nullable=True,
+            comment="发货单价（元；T+ 同步或人工，口径待 IT 确认）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "amount",
+            sa.Numeric(precision=14, scale=2),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="行金额 = 数量×单价（服务层计算固化，不信任前端传值）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "create_time",
+            sa.DateTime(),
+            server_default=sa.text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="创建时间",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "update_time",
+            sa.DateTime(),
+            server_default=sa.text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="更新时间",
+        ),
+        sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(
+            ["product_id"],
+            ["products.id"],
+            name=op.f("fk_shipment_items_product_id"),
+            ondelete="RESTRICT",
+        ),
+        sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(
+            ["shipment_id"],
+            ["shipments.id"],
+            name=op.f("fk_shipment_items_shipment_id"),
+            ondelete="RESTRICT",
+        ),
+        sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint("id", name=op.f("pk_shipment_items")),
+        comment="发货产品明细表",
+        mysql_charset="utf8mb4",
+        mysql_collate="utf8mb4_general_ci",
+        mysql_engine="InnoDB",
+    )
+    op.create_index("idx_shipment_items_product_id", "shipment_items", ["product_id"], unique=False)
+    op.create_index(
+        "idx_shipment_items_shipment_id", "shipment_items", ["shipment_id"], unique=False
+    )
+    # ### end Alembic commands ###
+    # 评级等级种子（等级映射可配置；双轨：init-dev.sql 同步写入）
+    op.bulk_insert(
+        sa.table(
+            "customer_rating_grades",
+            sa.column("grade_name", sa.String),
+            sa.column("min_score", sa.Numeric),
+            sa.column("max_score", sa.Numeric),
+            sa.column("sort_order", sa.Integer),
+            sa.column("remark", sa.String),
+        ),
+        _GRADE_SEED,
+    )
+
+
+def downgrade() -> None:
+    """回滚迁移。
+
+    **注意（autogenerate 不会替你处理）**：生成的 `op.drop_index` 与
+    `op.drop_table` 顺序需人工检查 —— 若某索引是外键的唯一支撑索引，
+    单独 drop_index 会报 MySQL 1553（needed in a foreign key constraint）。
+    **整表回滚应只保留 `op.drop_table`**，DROP TABLE 会连带删除索引与外键。
+    """
+    # 整表回滚只保留 drop_table（DROP TABLE 连带删除索引与外键）；
+    # 逐条 drop_index 会先于 drop_table 摘掉外键支撑索引而报 MySQL 1553
+    op.drop_table("shipment_items")
+    op.drop_table("receipts")
+    op.drop_table("shipments")
+    op.drop_table("business_items")
+    op.drop_table("businesses")
+    op.drop_table("business_status_logs")
+    op.drop_table("customer_rating_grades")

backend/alembic/versions/bfbda9c3191d_add_business_roles_and_params.py

@@ -0,0 +1,810 @@
+"""新增岗位角色与计提参数四表
+
+Revision ID: bfbda9c3191d
+Revises: a45a8087831b
+Create Date: 2026-10-12 16:01:48.760620
+
+"""
+
+from collections.abc import Sequence
+from datetime import date
+
+from alembic import op
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+from sqlalchemy.dialects import mysql
+
+# revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
+revision: str = "bfbda9c3191d"
+down_revision: str | Sequence[str] | None = "a45a8087831b"
+branch_labels: str | Sequence[str] | None = None
+depends_on: str | Sequence[str] | None = None
+
+
+def upgrade() -> None:
+    """应用迁移。"""
+    # ### commands auto generated by Alembic - please adjust! ###
+    op.create_table(
+        "business_roles",
+        sa.Column(
+            "id", mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True), autoincrement=True, nullable=False, comment="主键ID"
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "role_code",
+            sa.String(length=32),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="岗位编码：salesperson营销员 sales_manager营销经理 info_officer信息员，创建后不可修改",
+        ),
+        sa.Column("role_name", sa.String(length=64), nullable=False, comment="岗位名称"),
+        sa.Column(
+            "calc_template",
+            sa.String(length=32),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="计提公式模板编码（以代码内模板注册表为准）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column("description", sa.String(length=255), nullable=True, comment="岗位说明"),
+        sa.Column(
+            "sort_order", sa.Integer(), server_default="0", nullable=False, comment="显示排序"
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "status",
+            mysql.TINYINT(),
+            server_default="1",
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="状态：1启用 0禁用",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "is_builtin",
+            mysql.TINYINT(),
+            server_default="0",
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="是否内置岗位：1内置（禁删禁停） 0自定义",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "create_time",
+            sa.DateTime(),
+            server_default=sa.text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="创建时间",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "update_time",
+            sa.DateTime(),
+            server_default=sa.text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="更新时间",
+        ),
+        sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint("id", name=op.f("pk_business_roles")),
+        sa.UniqueConstraint("role_code", name=op.f("uk_business_roles_role_code")),
+        comment="业务岗位角色表（与登录角色roles区分，决定计提公式与参数）",
+        mysql_charset="utf8mb4",
+        mysql_collate="utf8mb4_general_ci",
+        mysql_engine="InnoDB",
+    )
+    op.create_table(
+        "param_definitions",
+        sa.Column(
+            "id", mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True), autoincrement=True, nullable=False, comment="主键ID"
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "param_code",
+            sa.String(length=64),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="参数编码，如 salesperson.rate.slope",
+        ),
+        sa.Column("param_name", sa.String(length=64), nullable=False, comment="参数名称"),
+        sa.Column(
+            "param_group",
+            sa.String(length=32),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="参数分组：业务员个人户/经理分成/企业户/信息员/支付环节/产品阈值/月工资口径",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "value_type",
+            sa.String(length=16),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="值类型：DECIMAL/INT/BOOL/ENUM/TEXT",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "unit", sa.String(length=16), nullable=True, comment="展示单位：‰/%/元/天，无单位为空"
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "dimension_type",
+            sa.String(length=32),
+            server_default="NONE",
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="维度类型：NONE/PRODUCT_CATEGORY/BUSINESS_ROLE",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "options_text",
+            sa.String(length=255),
+            nullable=True,
+            comment="枚举选项（竖线分隔），仅 ENUM 使用",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "default_value",
+            sa.String(length=64),
+            nullable=True,
+            comment="系统默认值（Fraction 可解析字符串）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "value_min", sa.String(length=64), nullable=True, comment="取值下限（含），校验用"
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "value_max", sa.String(length=64), nullable=True, comment="取值上限（含），校验用"
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "description", sa.String(length=255), nullable=True, comment="口径说明（配置页展示）"
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "sort_order", sa.Integer(), server_default="0", nullable=False, comment="显示排序"
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "status",
+            mysql.TINYINT(),
+            server_default="1",
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="状态：1启用 0停用",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "create_time",
+            sa.DateTime(),
+            server_default=sa.text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="创建时间",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "update_time",
+            sa.DateTime(),
+            server_default=sa.text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="更新时间",
+        ),
+        sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint("id", name=op.f("pk_param_definitions")),
+        sa.UniqueConstraint("param_code", name=op.f("uk_param_definitions_param_code")),
+        comment="计提参数定义表",
+        mysql_charset="utf8mb4",
+        mysql_collate="utf8mb4_general_ci",
+        mysql_engine="InnoDB",
+    )
+    op.create_table(
+        "param_change_batches",
+        sa.Column(
+            "id", mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True), autoincrement=True, nullable=False, comment="主键ID"
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "version_no", sa.String(length=32), nullable=False, comment="版本号，如 P20261012-01"
+        ),
+        sa.Column("effective_date", sa.Date(), nullable=False, comment="生效日期（业务日期口径）"),
+        sa.Column(
+            "change_type",
+            mysql.TINYINT(),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="生效方式：1立即生效 2指定日期生效",
+        ),
+        sa.Column("remark", sa.String(length=255), nullable=True, comment="变更说明"),
+        sa.Column(
+            "operator_id",
+            mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True),
+            nullable=True,
+            comment="操作人ID（账号删除后置空）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "operator_name",
+            sa.String(length=64),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="操作人用户名（冗余固化）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "item_count", sa.Integer(), server_default="0", nullable=False, comment="变更参数项数"
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "create_time",
+            sa.DateTime(),
+            server_default=sa.text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="创建时间",
+        ),
+        sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(
+            ["operator_id"],
+            ["users.id"],
+            name=op.f("fk_param_change_batches_operator_id"),
+            ondelete="SET NULL",
+        ),
+        sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint("id", name=op.f("pk_param_change_batches")),
+        sa.UniqueConstraint("version_no", name=op.f("uk_param_change_batches_version_no")),
+        comment="参数变更批次表",
+        mysql_charset="utf8mb4",
+        mysql_collate="utf8mb4_general_ci",
+        mysql_engine="InnoDB",
+    )
+    op.create_table(
+        "param_values",
+        sa.Column(
+            "id", mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True), autoincrement=True, nullable=False, comment="主键ID"
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "param_id",
+            mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="参数定义ID（param_definitions.id）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "dimension_value",
+            sa.String(length=32),
+            server_default=sa.text("''"),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="维度取值：NONE维度为空串；产品类别/岗位编码为具体值",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "effective_date", sa.Date(), nullable=False, comment="生效日期（按业务日期时点化取值）"
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "value_text",
+            sa.String(length=64),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="参数值（Fraction 可解析字符串/枚举码/开关）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "old_value_text", sa.String(length=64), nullable=True, comment="变更前值（留痕）"
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "batch_id",
+            mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="变更批次ID（param_change_batches.id）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "create_time",
+            sa.DateTime(),
+            server_default=sa.text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="创建时间",
+        ),
+        sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(
+            ["batch_id"],
+            ["param_change_batches.id"],
+            name=op.f("fk_param_values_batch_id"),
+            ondelete="RESTRICT",
+        ),
+        sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(
+            ["param_id"],
+            ["param_definitions.id"],
+            name=op.f("fk_param_values_param_id"),
+            ondelete="RESTRICT",
+        ),
+        sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint("id", name=op.f("pk_param_values")),
+        comment="参数版本条目表（append-only，按生效日期时点化取值）",
+        mysql_charset="utf8mb4",
+        mysql_collate="utf8mb4_general_ci",
+        mysql_engine="InnoDB",
+    )
+    op.create_index("idx_param_values_batch_id", "param_values", ["batch_id"], unique=False)
+    op.create_index(
+        "idx_param_values_effective_date", "param_values", ["effective_date"], unique=False
+    )
+    op.create_index(
+        "idx_param_values_param_id_dimension_value_effective_date",
+        "param_values",
+        ["param_id", "dimension_value", "effective_date"],
+        unique=False,
+    )
+    # ### end Alembic commands ###
+
+    # ---- 种子数据（生产与开发同源；口径依据 2026-10-12 业务裁决对照表）----
+    # 显式指定 id：四张表均为本迁移新建、应用时必为空表，id 稳定可控；
+    # param_values 按 param_id 引用定义，无法依赖自增（bulk_insert 取不回自增值）。
+    op.bulk_insert(
+        sa.table(
+            "business_roles",
+            sa.column("id", sa.BigInteger),
+            sa.column("role_code", sa.String),
+            sa.column("role_name", sa.String),
+            sa.column("calc_template", sa.String),
+            sa.column("description", sa.String),
+            sa.column("sort_order", sa.Integer),
+            sa.column("is_builtin", sa.Integer),
+        ),
+        [
+            {
+                "id": 1,
+                "role_code": "salesperson",
+                "role_name": "营销员",
+                "calc_template": "TPL_SALESPERSON_DECAY",
+                "description": "业务员个人户：回款天数线性递减（10‰ − 天数×4/360‰，361 天起固定 4‰）",
+                "sort_order": 1,
+                "is_builtin": 1,
+            },
+            {
+                "id": 2,
+                "role_code": "sales_manager",
+                "role_name": "营销经理",
+                "calc_template": "TPL_MANAGER_SHARE",
+                "description": "经理绩效：∑本团队业务员绩效×12.5% + ∑全公司业务员绩效×5%",
+                "sort_order": 2,
+                "is_builtin": 1,
+            },
+            {
+                "id": 3,
+                "role_code": "info_officer",
+                "role_name": "信息员",
+                "calc_template": "TPL_INFO_SALES_FIXED",
+                "description": "信息员绩效：本人销售额×1‰",
+                "sort_order": 3,
+                "is_builtin": 1,
+            },
+        ],
+    )
+
+    op.bulk_insert(
+        sa.table(
+            "param_change_batches",
+            sa.column("id", sa.BigInteger),
+            sa.column("version_no", sa.String),
+            sa.column("effective_date", sa.Date),
+            sa.column("change_type", sa.Integer),
+            sa.column("remark", sa.String),
+            sa.column("operator_name", sa.String),
+            sa.column("item_count", sa.Integer),
+        ),
+        [
+            {
+                "id": 1,
+                "version_no": "P20260101-00",
+                "effective_date": date(2026, 1, 1),
+                "change_type": 1,
+                "remark": "初始版本（系统初始化种子，口径依据 2026-10-12 业务裁决）",
+                "operator_name": "system",
+                "item_count": 19,
+            }
+        ],
+    )
+
+    op.bulk_insert(
+        sa.table(
+            "param_definitions",
+            sa.column("id", sa.BigInteger),
+            sa.column("param_code", sa.String),
+            sa.column("param_name", sa.String),
+            sa.column("param_group", sa.String),
+            sa.column("value_type", sa.String),
+            sa.column("unit", sa.String),
+            sa.column("dimension_type", sa.String),
+            sa.column("options_text", sa.String),
+            sa.column("default_value", sa.String),
+            sa.column("value_min", sa.String),
+            sa.column("value_max", sa.String),
+            sa.column("description", sa.String),
+            sa.column("sort_order", sa.Integer),
+        ),
+        [
+            {
+                "id": 1,
+                "param_code": "salesperson.rate.start",
+                "param_name": "业务员起始计提比例",
+                "param_group": "业务员个人户",
+                "value_type": "DECIMAL",
+                "unit": "‰",
+                "dimension_type": "BUSINESS_ROLE",
+                "options_text": None,
+                "default_value": "10",
+                "value_min": "0",
+                "value_max": None,
+                "description": "线性递减段起始值：比例 = 起始 − 回款天数 × 斜率（≤分界天数）",
+                "sort_order": 1,
+            },
+            {
+                "id": 2,
+                "param_code": "salesperson.rate.slope",
+                "param_name": "业务员日递减斜率",
+                "param_group": "业务员个人户",
+                "value_type": "DECIMAL",
+                "unit": "‰/天",
+                "dimension_type": "BUSINESS_ROLE",
+                "options_text": None,
+                "default_value": "4/360",
+                "value_min": "0",
+                "value_max": None,
+                "description": "精确分数 4/360‰/天（=1/90），禁止按 0.011111 截断存储",
+                "sort_order": 2,
+            },
+            {
+                "id": 3,
+                "param_code": "salesperson.rate.floor",
+                "param_name": "业务员计提下限",
+                "param_group": "业务员个人户",
+                "value_type": "DECIMAL",
+                "unit": "‰",
+                "dimension_type": "BUSINESS_ROLE",
+                "options_text": None,
+                "default_value": "4",
+                "value_min": "0",
+                "value_max": None,
+                "description": "回款天数超过分界天数后固定取此比例（≥361 天 = 4‰）",
+                "sort_order": 3,
+            },
+            {
+                "id": 4,
+                "param_code": "salesperson.days.boundary",
+                "param_name": "线性递减分界天数",
+                "param_group": "业务员个人户",
+                "value_type": "INT",
+                "unit": "天",
+                "dimension_type": "BUSINESS_ROLE",
+                "options_text": None,
+                "default_value": "360",
+                "value_min": "0",
+                "value_max": None,
+                "description": "≤分界天数按公式线性递减（360 天=6‰）；超过则取下限",
+                "sort_order": 4,
+            },
+            {
+                "id": 5,
+                "param_code": "manager.share.team",
+                "param_name": "经理本团队分成比例",
+                "param_group": "经理分成",
+                "value_type": "DECIMAL",
+                "unit": "%",
+                "dimension_type": "BUSINESS_ROLE",
+                "options_text": None,
+                "default_value": "12.5",
+                "value_min": "0",
+                "value_max": "100",
+                "description": "∑本人带领业务员绩效 × 此比例（限本团队）",
+                "sort_order": 5,
+            },
+            {
+                "id": 6,
+                "param_code": "manager.share.company",
+                "param_name": "经理全公司分成比例",
+                "param_group": "经理分成",
+                "value_type": "DECIMAL",
+                "unit": "%",
+                "dimension_type": "BUSINESS_ROLE",
+                "options_text": None,
+                "default_value": "5",
+                "value_min": "0",
+                "value_max": "100",
+                "description": "∑全部业务员绩效 × 此比例（全公司）",
+                "sort_order": 6,
+            },
+            {
+                "id": 7,
+                "param_code": "enterprise.rate",
+                "param_name": "企业户计提比例",
+                "param_group": "企业户",
+                "value_type": "DECIMAL",
+                "unit": "‰",
+                "dimension_type": "PRODUCT_CATEGORY",
+                "options_text": None,
+                "default_value": "3",
+                "value_min": "0",
+                "value_max": None,
+                "description": "所有企业户适用；2026-08-13 起由 2‰ 提高至 3‰",
+                "sort_order": 7,
+            },
+            {
+                "id": 8,
+                "param_code": "info.rate",
+                "param_name": "信息员计提比例",
+                "param_group": "信息员",
+                "value_type": "DECIMAL",
+                "unit": "‰",
+                "dimension_type": "BUSINESS_ROLE",
+                "options_text": None,
+                "default_value": "1",
+                "value_min": "0",
+                "value_max": None,
+                "description": "信息员绩效 = 本人销售额 × 此比例",
+                "sort_order": 8,
+            },
+            {
+                "id": 9,
+                "param_code": "prepay.rate",
+                "param_name": "预付款计提比例",
+                "param_group": "支付环节",
+                "value_type": "DECIMAL",
+                "unit": "‰",
+                "dimension_type": "NONE",
+                "options_text": None,
+                "default_value": "10",
+                "value_min": "0",
+                "value_max": None,
+                "description": "预付款统一按此比例计提",
+                "sort_order": 9,
+            },
+            {
+                "id": 10,
+                "param_code": "barter.discount",
+                "param_name": "以物抵顶折算比例",
+                "param_group": "支付环节",
+                "value_type": "DECIMAL",
+                "unit": "%",
+                "dimension_type": "NONE",
+                "options_text": None,
+                "default_value": "80",
+                "value_min": "0",
+                "value_max": "100",
+                "description": "以物抵顶回款绩效按应发绩效的此比例折算",
+                "sort_order": 10,
+            },
+            {
+                "id": 11,
+                "param_code": "payment.start.ratio",
+                "param_name": "支付起付比例",
+                "param_group": "支付环节",
+                "value_type": "DECIMAL",
+                "unit": "%",
+                "dimension_type": "NONE",
+                "options_text": None,
+                "default_value": "60",
+                "value_min": "0",
+                "value_max": "100",
+                "description": "单项业务回款额达销售额（不含运费）此比例后起付；达标前累计",
+                "sort_order": 11,
+            },
+            {
+                "id": 12,
+                "param_code": "payment.weight.mode",
+                "param_name": "支付权重应用方式",
+                "param_group": "支付环节",
+                "value_type": "ENUM",
+                "unit": None,
+                "dimension_type": "NONE",
+                "options_text": "FULL|BALANCE",
+                "default_value": "FULL",
+                "value_min": None,
+                "value_max": None,
+                "description": "FULL=按 R×R 乘当月全额应发绩效；BALANCE=乘余额（语义待 M3 前确认）",
+                "sort_order": 12,
+            },
+            {
+                "id": 13,
+                "param_code": "product.threshold",
+                "param_name": "折算毛利润额阈值",
+                "param_group": "产品阈值",
+                "value_type": "DECIMAL",
+                "unit": "%",
+                "dimension_type": "PRODUCT_CATEGORY",
+                "options_text": None,
+                "default_value": "30",
+                "value_min": "0",
+                "value_max": "100",
+                "description": "折算毛利润额 = 销售额 ×(毛利润率 − 阈值)；市政水利 30%、轨交 20%",
+                "sort_order": 13,
+            },
+            {
+                "id": 14,
+                "param_code": "salary.basic.mode",
+                "param_name": "月工资基本工资口径",
+                "param_group": "月工资口径",
+                "value_type": "ENUM",
+                "unit": None,
+                "dimension_type": "BUSINESS_ROLE",
+                "options_text": "INCLUDE|DEDUCT|EXCLUDE",
+                "default_value": "INCLUDE",
+                "value_min": None,
+                "value_max": None,
+                "description": "INCLUDE含基本工资 / DEDUCT扣除基本工资 / EXCLUDE不计",
+                "sort_order": 14,
+            },
+            {
+                "id": 15,
+                "param_code": "probation.annual.threshold",
+                "param_name": "试用期年累计结算阈值",
+                "param_group": "月工资口径",
+                "value_type": "DECIMAL",
+                "unit": "元",
+                "dimension_type": "NONE",
+                "options_text": None,
+                "default_value": "18000",
+                "value_min": "0",
+                "value_max": None,
+                "description": "试用期年累计绩效超过此值部分年底一次性结算",
+                "sort_order": 15,
+            },
+            {
+                "id": 16,
+                "param_code": "probation.salary.basic",
+                "param_name": "试用期基本工资标准",
+                "param_group": "月工资口径",
+                "value_type": "DECIMAL",
+                "unit": "元",
+                "dimension_type": "NONE",
+                "options_text": None,
+                "default_value": "3000",
+                "value_min": "0",
+                "value_max": None,
+                "description": "试用期仅发基本工资、不发放绩效（归属待 M2 复核）",
+                "sort_order": 16,
+            },
+        ],
+    )
+
+    op.bulk_insert(
+        sa.table(
+            "param_values",
+            sa.column("id", sa.BigInteger),
+            sa.column("param_id", sa.BigInteger),
+            sa.column("dimension_value", sa.String),
+            sa.column("effective_date", sa.Date),
+            sa.column("value_text", sa.String),
+            sa.column("batch_id", sa.BigInteger),
+        ),
+        [
+            # 业务员个人户（2026-02-17 折算公式执行日起）
+            {
+                "id": 1,
+                "param_id": 1,
+                "dimension_value": "salesperson",
+                "effective_date": date(2026, 2, 17),
+                "value_text": "10",
+                "batch_id": 1,
+            },
+            {
+                "id": 2,
+                "param_id": 2,
+                "dimension_value": "salesperson",
+                "effective_date": date(2026, 2, 17),
+                "value_text": "4/360",
+                "batch_id": 1,
+            },
+            {
+                "id": 3,
+                "param_id": 3,
+                "dimension_value": "salesperson",
+                "effective_date": date(2026, 2, 17),
+                "value_text": "4",
+                "batch_id": 1,
+            },
+            {
+                "id": 4,
+                "param_id": 4,
+                "dimension_value": "salesperson",
+                "effective_date": date(2026, 2, 17),
+                "value_text": "360",
+                "batch_id": 1,
+            },
+            # 经理与信息员（2026-08-13 执行日起）
+            {
+                "id": 5,
+                "param_id": 5,
+                "dimension_value": "sales_manager",
+                "effective_date": date(2026, 8, 13),
+                "value_text": "12.5",
+                "batch_id": 1,
+            },
+            {
+                "id": 6,
+                "param_id": 6,
+                "dimension_value": "sales_manager",
+                "effective_date": date(2026, 8, 13),
+                "value_text": "5",
+                "batch_id": 1,
+            },
+            {
+                "id": 7,
+                "param_id": 7,
+                "dimension_value": "",
+                "effective_date": date(2026, 2, 17),
+                "value_text": "2",
+                "batch_id": 1,
+            },
+            {
+                "id": 8,
+                "param_id": 7,
+                "dimension_value": "",
+                "effective_date": date(2026, 8, 13),
+                "value_text": "3",
+                "batch_id": 1,
+            },
+            {
+                "id": 9,
+                "param_id": 8,
+                "dimension_value": "info_officer",
+                "effective_date": date(2026, 8, 13),
+                "value_text": "1",
+                "batch_id": 1,
+            },
+            # 支付环节与通用口径（需规默认值，无历史冲突）
+            {
+                "id": 10,
+                "param_id": 9,
+                "dimension_value": "",
+                "effective_date": date(2026, 1, 1),
+                "value_text": "10",
+                "batch_id": 1,
+            },
+            {
+                "id": 11,
+                "param_id": 10,
+                "dimension_value": "",
+                "effective_date": date(2026, 1, 1),
+                "value_text": "80",
+                "batch_id": 1,
+            },
+            {
+                "id": 12,
+                "param_id": 11,
+                "dimension_value": "",
+                "effective_date": date(2026, 1, 1),
+                "value_text": "60",
+                "batch_id": 1,
+            },
+            {
+                "id": 13,
+                "param_id": 12,
+                "dimension_value": "",
+                "effective_date": date(2026, 1, 1),
+                "value_text": "FULL",
+                "batch_id": 1,
+            },
+            # 产品阈值（按产品类别维度）
+            {
+                "id": 14,
+                "param_id": 13,
+                "dimension_value": "municipal_water",
+                "effective_date": date(2026, 2, 17),
+                "value_text": "30",
+                "batch_id": 1,
+            },
+            {
+                "id": 15,
+                "param_id": 13,
+                "dimension_value": "rail_transit",
+                "effective_date": date(2026, 2, 17),
+                "value_text": "20",
+                "batch_id": 1,
+            },
+            # 月工资口径（按岗位维度）
+            {
+                "id": 16,
+                "param_id": 14,
+                "dimension_value": "salesperson",
+                "effective_date": date(2026, 1, 1),
+                "value_text": "INCLUDE",
+                "batch_id": 1,
+            },
+            {
+                "id": 17,
+                "param_id": 14,
+                "dimension_value": "sales_manager",
+                "effective_date": date(2026, 1, 1),
+                "value_text": "DEDUCT",
+                "batch_id": 1,
+            },
+            {
+                "id": 18,
+                "param_id": 15,
+                "dimension_value": "",
+                "effective_date": date(2026, 1, 1),
+                "value_text": "18000",
+                "batch_id": 1,
+            },
+            {
+                "id": 19,
+                "param_id": 16,
+                "dimension_value": "",
+                "effective_date": date(2026, 1, 1),
+                "value_text": "3000",
+                "batch_id": 1,
+            },
+        ],
+    )
+
+
+def downgrade() -> None:
+    """回滚迁移。
+
+    **注意（autogenerate 不会替你处理）**：生成的 `op.drop_index` 与
+    `op.drop_table` 顺序需人工检查 —— 若某索引是外键的唯一支撑索引，
+    单独 drop_index 会报 MySQL 1553（needed in a foreign key constraint）。
+    **整表回滚应只保留 `op.drop_table`**，DROP TABLE 会连带删除索引与外键。
+    """
+    # 整表回滚只保留 drop_table —— DROP TABLE 会连带删除索引与外键。
+    # 原 autogenerate 输出的逐个 drop_index 会失败：组合索引最左列 param_id 与
+    # idx_param_values_batch_id 分别是两个外键的唯一支撑索引（MySQL errno 1553）。
+    # 删除顺序：先删引用方 param_values，再删被引用方。
+    op.drop_table("param_values")
+    op.drop_table("param_change_batches")
+    op.drop_table("param_definitions")
+    op.drop_table("business_roles")

backend/alembic/versions/e1133a7c670a_add_base_data_tables.py

@@ -0,0 +1,490 @@
+"""基础数据管理六表：人员/辐射区域/拓展计划/产品/客户/归属变更留痕（M2）
+
+- personnel / personnel_regions / personnel_plans：人员档案及其 1:N 子表
+- products：产品主数据（类别锚定折算阈值参数）
+- customers：客户档案（公司名称+负责人为业务唯一标识）
+- ownership_change_logs：归属变更留痕（append-only，不回溯历史）
+- 六张表的 T+ 同步预留列（source_no 等）全部可空、不设唯一键（对照表 #26）
+
+Revision ID: e1133a7c670a
+Revises: bfbda9c3191d
+Create Date: 2026-10-13 09:36:02.219248
+
+"""
+
+from collections.abc import Sequence
+
+from alembic import op
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+from sqlalchemy.dialects import mysql
+
+# revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
+revision: str = "e1133a7c670a"
+down_revision: str | Sequence[str] | None = "bfbda9c3191d"
+branch_labels: str | Sequence[str] | None = None
+depends_on: str | Sequence[str] | None = None
+
+
+def upgrade() -> None:
+    """应用迁移。"""
+    # ### commands auto generated by Alembic - please adjust! ###
+    op.create_table(
+        "products",
+        sa.Column(
+            "id", mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True), autoincrement=True, nullable=False, comment="主键ID"
+        ),
+        sa.Column("product_name", sa.String(length=128), nullable=False, comment="产品名称"),
+        sa.Column(
+            "spec_model",
+            sa.String(length=128),
+            server_default="",
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="规格型号（空串而非 NULL：参与组合唯一键，MySQL 组合索引对 NULL 不去重）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column("unit", sa.String(length=16), nullable=True, comment="计量单位"),
+        sa.Column(
+            "stock_quantity",
+            sa.Numeric(precision=14, scale=2),
+            nullable=True,
+            comment="数量（T+ 同步原样存储，语义待 IT 确认）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "sale_price",
+            sa.Numeric(precision=14, scale=4),
+            nullable=True,
+            comment="销售单价（元，T+ 同步）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "product_category",
+            sa.String(length=32),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="产品类别：municipal_water市政水利 rail_transit轨道交通（决定折算阈值 30%/20%；T+同步不覆盖）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "status",
+            mysql.TINYINT(),
+            server_default="1",
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="状态：1启用 0停用",
+        ),
+        sa.Column("remark", sa.String(length=255), nullable=True, comment="备注"),
+        sa.Column(
+            "create_time",
+            sa.DateTime(),
+            server_default=sa.text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="创建时间",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "update_time",
+            sa.DateTime(),
+            server_default=sa.text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="更新时间",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "source_no",
+            sa.String(length=64),
+            nullable=True,
+            comment="T+ 原始单据号（同步幂等去重锚点；唯一键待 IT 定键后升级）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column("t_plus_id", sa.String(length=64), nullable=True, comment="T+ 系统内部标识"),
+        sa.Column(
+            "sync_batch_no",
+            sa.String(length=32),
+            nullable=True,
+            comment="同步批次号（同步模块写入）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column("synced_at", sa.DateTime(), nullable=True, comment="最近同步时间"),
+        sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint("id", name=op.f("pk_products")),
+        sa.UniqueConstraint("product_name", "spec_model", name="uk_products_name_spec"),
+        comment="产品表（类别锚定折算阈值参数；T+同步不覆盖产品类别）",
+        mysql_charset="utf8mb4",
+        mysql_collate="utf8mb4_general_ci",
+        mysql_engine="InnoDB",
+    )
+    op.create_index(op.f("idx_products_source_no"), "products", ["source_no"], unique=False)
+    op.create_table(
+        "ownership_change_logs",
+        sa.Column(
+            "id", mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True), autoincrement=True, nullable=False, comment="主键ID"
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "owner_type", mysql.TINYINT(), nullable=False, comment="归属类型：1客户归属 2业务归属"
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "customer_id",
+            mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True),
+            nullable=True,
+            comment="客户ID（固化，owner_type=1 时非空）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "business_id",
+            mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True),
+            nullable=True,
+            comment="业务ID（固化，owner_type=2 时非空）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "old_owner_personnel_id",
+            mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True),
+            nullable=True,
+            comment="变更前负责营销人员ID（固化）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "new_owner_personnel_id",
+            mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True),
+            nullable=True,
+            comment="变更后负责营销人员ID（固化）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "old_assistant_personnel_id",
+            mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True),
+            nullable=True,
+            comment="变更前协助营销人员ID（固化，仅业务归属使用）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "new_assistant_personnel_id",
+            mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True),
+            nullable=True,
+            comment="变更后协助营销人员ID（固化，仅业务归属使用）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column("change_reason", sa.String(length=255), nullable=True, comment="变更原因"),
+        sa.Column(
+            "operator_id",
+            mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True),
+            nullable=True,
+            comment="操作人ID（账号删除后置空）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "operator_name",
+            sa.String(length=64),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="操作人用户名（冗余固化）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "create_time",
+            sa.DateTime(),
+            server_default=sa.text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="创建时间",
+        ),
+        sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(
+            ["operator_id"],
+            ["users.id"],
+            name=op.f("fk_ownership_change_logs_operator_id"),
+            ondelete="SET NULL",
+        ),
+        sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint("id", name=op.f("pk_ownership_change_logs")),
+        comment="归属变更记录表（append-only；客户/业务归属变更留痕，不回溯历史）",
+        mysql_charset="utf8mb4",
+        mysql_collate="utf8mb4_general_ci",
+        mysql_engine="InnoDB",
+    )
+    op.create_index(
+        op.f("idx_ownership_change_logs_customer_id"),
+        "ownership_change_logs",
+        ["customer_id"],
+        unique=False,
+    )
+    op.create_index(
+        op.f("idx_ownership_change_logs_business_id"),
+        "ownership_change_logs",
+        ["business_id"],
+        unique=False,
+    )
+    op.create_index(
+        op.f("idx_ownership_change_logs_create_time"),
+        "ownership_change_logs",
+        ["create_time"],
+        unique=False,
+    )
+    op.create_table(
+        "personnel",
+        sa.Column(
+            "id", mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True), autoincrement=True, nullable=False, comment="主键ID"
+        ),
+        sa.Column("personnel_name", sa.String(length=64), nullable=False, comment="姓名"),
+        sa.Column(
+            "business_role_id",
+            mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="岗位角色ID（决定计提公式模板；T+同步不覆盖）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "manager_id",
+            mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True),
+            nullable=True,
+            comment="直属营销经理ID（NULL=经理本人或未分配；团队成员关系锚点）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column("phone", sa.String(length=20), nullable=True, comment="联系电话"),
+        sa.Column("hire_date", sa.Date(), nullable=True, comment="入职日期"),
+        sa.Column(
+            "is_probation",
+            mysql.TINYINT(),
+            server_default="0",
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="是否试用期：1是 0否（试用期绩效照算不发放）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "salary_standard",
+            sa.Numeric(precision=12, scale=2),
+            nullable=True,
+            comment="月工资标准（元；T+同步不覆盖）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "status",
+            mysql.TINYINT(),
+            server_default="1",
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="状态：1在职 0离职（离职人员不可再被业务/客户归属引用）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column("remark", sa.String(length=255), nullable=True, comment="备注"),
+        sa.Column(
+            "create_time",
+            sa.DateTime(),
+            server_default=sa.text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="创建时间",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "update_time",
+            sa.DateTime(),
+            server_default=sa.text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="更新时间",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "source_no",
+            sa.String(length=64),
+            nullable=True,
+            comment="T+ 原始单据号（同步幂等去重锚点；唯一键待 IT 定键后升级）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column("t_plus_id", sa.String(length=64), nullable=True, comment="T+ 系统内部标识"),
+        sa.Column(
+            "sync_batch_no",
+            sa.String(length=32),
+            nullable=True,
+            comment="同步批次号（同步模块写入）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column("synced_at", sa.DateTime(), nullable=True, comment="最近同步时间"),
+        sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(
+            ["business_role_id"],
+            ["business_roles.id"],
+            name=op.f("fk_personnel_business_role_id"),
+            ondelete="RESTRICT",
+        ),
+        sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(
+            ["manager_id"],
+            ["personnel.id"],
+            name=op.f("fk_personnel_manager_id"),
+            ondelete="RESTRICT",
+        ),
+        sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint("id", name=op.f("pk_personnel")),
+        comment="营销人员表（T+同步不覆盖岗位与工资标准）",
+        mysql_charset="utf8mb4",
+        mysql_collate="utf8mb4_general_ci",
+        mysql_engine="InnoDB",
+    )
+    op.create_index(
+        op.f("idx_personnel_business_role_id"), "personnel", ["business_role_id"], unique=False
+    )
+    op.create_index(op.f("idx_personnel_manager_id"), "personnel", ["manager_id"], unique=False)
+    op.create_index(op.f("idx_personnel_source_no"), "personnel", ["source_no"], unique=False)
+    op.create_table(
+        "customers",
+        sa.Column(
+            "id", mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True), autoincrement=True, nullable=False, comment="主键ID"
+        ),
+        sa.Column("company_name", sa.String(length=128), nullable=False, comment="公司名称"),
+        sa.Column(
+            "owner_name",
+            sa.String(length=64),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="客户负责人姓名（客户公司负责人的人名，非系统人员）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column("contact_person", sa.String(length=64), nullable=True, comment="联系人"),
+        sa.Column("contact_phone", sa.String(length=20), nullable=True, comment="联系电话"),
+        sa.Column("address", sa.String(length=255), nullable=True, comment="地址"),
+        sa.Column("industry", sa.String(length=64), nullable=True, comment="所属行业（自由文本）"),
+        sa.Column(
+            "customer_type",
+            sa.String(length=32),
+            server_default="personal",
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="客户分类：personal个人户 manager_personal经理个人户 enterprise企业户（计提规则匹配锚点；T+同步不覆盖）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "owner_personnel_id",
+            mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True),
+            nullable=True,
+            comment="归属负责营销人员ID（手动修改不回溯历史，变更留痕见 ownership_change_logs）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column("remark", sa.String(length=255), nullable=True, comment="备注"),
+        sa.Column(
+            "create_time",
+            sa.DateTime(),
+            server_default=sa.text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="创建时间",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "update_time",
+            sa.DateTime(),
+            server_default=sa.text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="更新时间",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "source_no",
+            sa.String(length=64),
+            nullable=True,
+            comment="T+ 原始单据号（同步幂等去重锚点；唯一键待 IT 定键后升级）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column("t_plus_id", sa.String(length=64), nullable=True, comment="T+ 系统内部标识"),
+        sa.Column(
+            "sync_batch_no",
+            sa.String(length=32),
+            nullable=True,
+            comment="同步批次号（同步模块写入）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column("synced_at", sa.DateTime(), nullable=True, comment="最近同步时间"),
+        sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(
+            ["owner_personnel_id"],
+            ["personnel.id"],
+            name=op.f("fk_customers_owner_personnel_id"),
+            ondelete="RESTRICT",
+        ),
+        sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint("id", name=op.f("pk_customers")),
+        sa.UniqueConstraint("company_name", "owner_name", name="uk_customers_company_owner"),
+        comment="客户表（公司名称+负责人为业务唯一标识；T+同步不覆盖客户分类）",
+        mysql_charset="utf8mb4",
+        mysql_collate="utf8mb4_general_ci",
+        mysql_engine="InnoDB",
+    )
+    op.create_index(
+        op.f("idx_customers_customer_type"), "customers", ["customer_type"], unique=False
+    )
+    op.create_index(
+        op.f("idx_customers_owner_personnel_id"), "customers", ["owner_personnel_id"], unique=False
+    )
+    op.create_index(op.f("idx_customers_source_no"), "customers", ["source_no"], unique=False)
+    op.create_table(
+        "personnel_plans",
+        sa.Column(
+            "id", mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True), autoincrement=True, nullable=False, comment="主键ID"
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "personnel_id",
+            mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="人员ID（personnel.id）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "plan_period",
+            sa.String(length=32),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="计划期间（如 2026Q1、2026-05）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column("plan_content", sa.String(length=500), nullable=False, comment="计划内容"),
+        sa.Column(
+            "target_desc", sa.String(length=255), nullable=True, comment="指标说明（文字描述）"
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "source_no", sa.String(length=64), nullable=True, comment="T+ 原始条目号（预留）"
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "create_time",
+            sa.DateTime(),
+            server_default=sa.text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="创建时间",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "update_time",
+            sa.DateTime(),
+            server_default=sa.text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="更新时间",
+        ),
+        sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(
+            ["personnel_id"],
+            ["personnel.id"],
+            name=op.f("fk_personnel_plans_personnel_id"),
+            ondelete="RESTRICT",
+        ),
+        sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint("id", name=op.f("pk_personnel_plans")),
+        comment="市场拓展计划表",
+        mysql_charset="utf8mb4",
+        mysql_collate="utf8mb4_general_ci",
+        mysql_engine="InnoDB",
+    )
+    op.create_index(
+        op.f("idx_personnel_plans_personnel_id"), "personnel_plans", ["personnel_id"], unique=False
+    )
+    op.create_table(
+        "personnel_regions",
+        sa.Column(
+            "id", mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True), autoincrement=True, nullable=False, comment="主键ID"
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "personnel_id",
+            mysql.BIGINT(unsigned=True),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="人员ID（personnel.id）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "region_name",
+            sa.String(length=128),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="区域名称（产品辐射地理范围）",
+        ),
+        sa.Column("remark", sa.String(length=255), nullable=True, comment="备注"),
+        sa.Column(
+            "create_time",
+            sa.DateTime(),
+            server_default=sa.text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="创建时间",
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "update_time",
+            sa.DateTime(),
+            server_default=sa.text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"),
+            nullable=False,
+            comment="更新时间",
+        ),
+        sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(
+            ["personnel_id"],
+            ["personnel.id"],
+            name=op.f("fk_personnel_regions_personnel_id"),
+            ondelete="RESTRICT",
+        ),
+        sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint("id", name=op.f("pk_personnel_regions")),
+        comment="产品辐射区域表",
+        mysql_charset="utf8mb4",
+        mysql_collate="utf8mb4_general_ci",
+        mysql_engine="InnoDB",
+    )
+    op.create_index(
+        op.f("idx_personnel_regions_personnel_id"),
+        "personnel_regions",
+        ["personnel_id"],
+        unique=False,
+    )
+    # ### end Alembic commands ###
+
+
+def downgrade() -> None:
+    """回滚迁移。
+
+    **注意（autogenerate 不会替你处理）**：生成的 `op.drop_index` 与
+    `op.drop_table` 顺序需人工检查 —— 若某索引是外键的唯一支撑索引，
+    单独 drop_index 会报 MySQL 1553（needed in a foreign key constraint）。
+    **整表回滚应只保留 `op.drop_table`**，DROP TABLE 会连带删除索引与外键。
+    """
+    op.drop_table("personnel_regions")
+    op.drop_table("personnel_plans")
+    op.drop_table("customers")
+    op.drop_table("personnel")
+    op.drop_table("ownership_change_logs")
+    op.drop_table("products")

backend/app/api/deps.py

@@ -113,3 +113,22 @@ def require_admin(current_user: Annotated[User, Depends(get_current_user)]) -> U
 
 
 AdminUser = Annotated[User, Depends(require_admin)]
+
+
+def require_roles(*role_codes: str):
+    """要求当前用户具备任一指定角色（依赖工厂）。
+
+    与 require_admin 的差别：admin 不是天然放行——传入集合里显式含
+    ROLE_ADMIN 才可见。用于审批等模块的粗粒度准入；节点级准入仍由
+    service 按单据状态二次校验（双层：模块可见 ≠ 可操作）。
+
+    :raises ForbiddenError: 已登录但不具备任一指定角色（403）
+    """
+
+    def _checker(current_user: Annotated[User, Depends(get_current_user)]) -> User:
+        codes = set(user_repository.get_role_codes(current_user))
+        if not codes & set(role_codes):
+            raise ForbiddenError("无权访问审批管理")
+        return current_user
+
+    return _checker

backend/app/api/router.py

@@ -8,8 +8,19 @@ from fastapi import APIRouter
 
 from app.api import health
 from app.api.v1 import auth
+from app.api.v1.base import customers as base_customers
+from app.api.v1.base import personnel as base_personnel
+from app.api.v1.base import products as base_products
+from app.api.v1.business import businesses as business_businesses
+from app.api.v1.business import ratings as business_ratings
+from app.api.v1.business import receipts as business_receipts
+from app.api.v1.business import shipments as business_shipments
+from app.api.v1.system import approvals as system_approvals
+from app.api.v1.system import business_roles as system_business_roles
 from app.api.v1.system import logs as system_logs
+from app.api.v1.system import params as system_params
 from app.api.v1.system import roles as system_roles
+from app.api.v1.system import settings as system_settings
 from app.api.v1.system import users as system_users
 
 api_router = APIRouter()
@@ -25,8 +36,27 @@ v1_router.include_router(auth.router)
 system_router = APIRouter(prefix="/system")
 system_router.include_router(system_users.router)
 system_router.include_router(system_roles.router)
+system_router.include_router(system_business_roles.router)
+system_router.include_router(system_params.router)
+system_router.include_router(system_settings.router)
+system_router.include_router(system_approvals.router)
 system_router.include_router(system_logs.operation_router)
 system_router.include_router(system_logs.login_router)
 v1_router.include_router(system_router)
 
+# 基础数据（需求 2.1）：/api/v1/base/*，业务操作登录即可访问
+base_router = APIRouter(prefix="/base")
+base_router.include_router(base_personnel.router)
+base_router.include_router(base_products.router)
+base_router.include_router(base_customers.router)
+v1_router.include_router(base_router)
+
+# 业务数据（需求 2.2）：/api/v1/business/*，业务操作登录即可访问
+business_router = APIRouter(prefix="/business")
+business_router.include_router(business_businesses.router)
+business_router.include_router(business_shipments.router)
+business_router.include_router(business_receipts.router)
+business_router.include_router(business_ratings.router)
+v1_router.include_router(business_router)
+
 api_router.include_router(v1_router)

backend/app/api/v1/base/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+"""基础数据管理接口（需求 2.1）。
+
+挂载于 `/api/v1/base/*`，含人员管理、辐射区域、拓展计划等基础数据的维护入口。
+
+与 `api/v1/system` 的权限分工：基础数据是**业务操作**，登录即可访问
+（不要求管理员）；写操作同样经 `RequestMetaDep` 带入请求元信息，
+由 service 层写入操作日志。
+"""

backend/app/api/v1/base/customers.py

@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+"""客户管理接口（需求 2.1.3）。
+
+归属调整有专属端点 ``PUT /{id}/ownership``：它是唯一写归属留痕的入口，
+编辑端点的 schema 不含归属字段 —— 防止出现「改了归属却无留痕」的旁路
+（原因详见 `schemas.customer.CustomerUpdateIn`）。
+
+与 `api/v1/system` 的权限分工：基础数据是**业务操作**，登录即可访问
+（不要求管理员）；写操作同样经 `RequestMetaDep` 带入请求元信息，
+由 service 层写入操作日志。
+"""
+
+from typing import Annotated
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, Path, Query
+
+from app.api.deps import DbSession, RequestMetaDep, get_current_user
+from app.core.response import ApiResponse, PageQuery, PageResult, ok
+from app.models import User
+from app.schemas.customer import (
+    CustomerCreateIn,
+    CustomerOut,
+    CustomerOwnershipIn,
+    CustomerQuery,
+    CustomerUpdateIn,
+    OwnershipChangeLogOut,
+)
+from app.services import customer_service
+
+router = APIRouter(prefix="/customers", tags=["客户管理"])
+
+# 基础数据不要求管理员（见模块 docstring），登录用户即可操作
+CurrentUser = Annotated[User, Depends(get_current_user)]
+
+
+@router.get("", response_model=ApiResponse[PageResult[CustomerOut]], summary="客户列表")
+def list_customers(
+    session: DbSession,
+    _: CurrentUser,
+    query: Annotated[CustomerQuery, Query()],
+) -> ApiResponse[PageResult[CustomerOut]]:
+    """分页查询客户（keyword 对公司名称/客户负责人模糊匹配，附归属人员姓名）。"""
+    return ok(customer_service.list_customers(session, query))
+
+
+@router.post("", response_model=ApiResponse[CustomerOut], summary="新增客户")
+def create_customer(
+    session: DbSession,
+    current_user: CurrentUser,
+    payload: CustomerCreateIn,
+    meta: RequestMetaDep,
+) -> ApiResponse[CustomerOut]:
+    """新增客户。客户分类须在注册表内；「公司名称+负责人」组合唯一。"""
+    return ok(
+        customer_service.create_customer(session, payload, operator=current_user, meta=meta),
+        message="客户已创建",
+    )
+
+
+@router.get("/{customer_id}", response_model=ApiResponse[CustomerOut], summary="客户详情")
+def get_customer(
+    session: DbSession,
+    _: CurrentUser,
+    customer_id: Annotated[int, Path(ge=1)],
+) -> ApiResponse[CustomerOut]:
+    """按主键查询客户详情。"""
+    return ok(customer_service.get_customer(session, customer_id))
+
+
+@router.put("/{customer_id}", response_model=ApiResponse[CustomerOut], summary="编辑客户")
+def update_customer(
+    session: DbSession,
+    current_user: CurrentUser,
+    customer_id: Annotated[int, Path(ge=1)],
+    payload: CustomerUpdateIn,
+    meta: RequestMetaDep,
+) -> ApiResponse[CustomerOut]:
+    """编辑客户档案。
+
+    **不含归属** —— 归属调整统一走 ``PUT /{id}/ownership``；编辑表单即使
+    提交 ownerPersonnelId 也会被忽略，归属以归属端点为准。
+    """
+    return ok(
+        customer_service.update_customer(
+            session, customer_id, payload, operator=current_user, meta=meta
+        ),
+        message="已保存",
+    )
+
+
+@router.delete("/{customer_id}", response_model=ApiResponse[None], summary="删除客户")
+def delete_customer(
+    session: DbSession,
+    current_user: CurrentUser,
+    customer_id: Annotated[int, Path(ge=1)],
+    meta: RequestMetaDep,
+) -> ApiResponse[None]:
+    """删除客户（物理删除）。
+
+    已存在关联业务时返回 400（先处理相关业务单据）。
+    """
+    customer_service.delete_customer(session, customer_id, operator=current_user, meta=meta)
+    return ok(message="客户已删除")
+
+
+@router.put(
+    "/{customer_id}/ownership",
+    response_model=ApiResponse[CustomerOut],
+    summary="归属变更",
+)
+def change_ownership(
+    session: DbSession,
+    current_user: CurrentUser,
+    customer_id: Annotated[int, Path(ge=1)],
+    payload: CustomerOwnershipIn,
+    meta: RequestMetaDep,
+) -> ApiResponse[CustomerOut]:
+    """调整客户归属（唯一写归属留痕的入口）。
+
+    只影响变更后核算，不回溯历史（对照表 #19）；新旧归属人员ID任一为 null
+    表示清空归属。新旧归属相同报「归属未变化」。
+    """
+    return ok(
+        customer_service.change_ownership(
+            session, customer_id, payload, operator=current_user, meta=meta
+        ),
+        message="归属已调整",
+    )
+
+
+@router.get(
+    "/{customer_id}/ownership-logs",
+    response_model=ApiResponse[PageResult[OwnershipChangeLogOut]],
+    summary="归属变更留痕",
+)
+def list_ownership_logs(
+    session: DbSession,
+    _: CurrentUser,
+    customer_id: Annotated[int, Path(ge=1)],
+    query: Annotated[PageQuery, Query()],
+) -> ApiResponse[PageResult[OwnershipChangeLogOut]]:
+    """查某客户的归属变更留痕（分页，按变更时间倒序，附新旧归属人员姓名）。"""
+    return ok(customer_service.list_ownership_logs(session, customer_id, query))

backend/app/api/v1/base/personnel.py

@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+"""人员管理接口（需求 2.1.1：人员档案 + 辐射区域 + 拓展计划）。
+
+基础数据属业务操作，**登录即可访问**（不要求管理员，对照系统管理模块）。
+校验规则（岗位/经理合法性、删除保护、子表全量替换的防御写法）见
+`personnel_service` 模块 docstring —— 前端提示之外，后端校验是唯一防线。
+
+写操作经 `RequestMetaDep` 带入请求元信息由 service 层写入操作日志。
+"""
+
+from typing import Annotated
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, Path, Query
+
+from app.api.deps import DbSession, RequestMetaDep, get_current_user
+from app.core.response import ApiResponse, PageResult, ok
+from app.models import User
+from app.schemas.personnel import (
+    PersonnelCreateIn,
+    PersonnelDetailOut,
+    PersonnelOut,
+    PersonnelQuery,
+    PersonnelStatusIn,
+    PlanReplaceIn,
+    RegionReplaceIn,
+)
+from app.services import personnel_service
+
+# 基础数据是业务操作：登录即可，不要求管理员（区别于系统管理的 AdminUser）
+CurrentUser = Annotated[User, Depends(get_current_user)]
+
+router = APIRouter(prefix="/personnel", tags=["人员管理"])
+
+
+@router.get("", response_model=ApiResponse[PageResult[PersonnelOut]], summary="人员列表")
+def list_personnel(
+    session: DbSession,
+    _: CurrentUser,
+    query: Annotated[PersonnelQuery, Query()],
+) -> ApiResponse[PageResult[PersonnelOut]]:
+    """分页查询人员（含离职）。姓名模糊匹配，可按状态与岗位筛选。"""
+    return ok(personnel_service.list_personnel(session, query))
+
+
+@router.post("", response_model=ApiResponse[PersonnelOut], summary="新增人员")
+def create_personnel(
+    session: DbSession,
+    current_user: CurrentUser,
+    payload: PersonnelCreateIn,
+    meta: RequestMetaDep,
+) -> ApiResponse[PersonnelOut]:
+    """新增人员，默认在职。岗位须存在且启用；直属经理不能是自己且须在职。"""
+    return ok(
+        personnel_service.create_personnel(session, payload, operator=current_user, meta=meta),
+        message="人员已创建",
+    )
+
+
+@router.get("/{personnel_id}", response_model=ApiResponse[PersonnelDetailOut], summary="人员详情")
+def get_personnel(
+    session: DbSession,
+    _: CurrentUser,
+    personnel_id: Annotated[int, Path(ge=1)],
+) -> ApiResponse[PersonnelDetailOut]:
+    """人员详情，附辐射区域与拓展计划，供编辑抽屉一次回显。"""
+    return ok(personnel_service.get_detail(session, personnel_id))
+
+
+@router.put("/{personnel_id}", response_model=ApiResponse[PersonnelOut], summary="编辑人员")
+def update_personnel(
+    session: DbSession,
+    current_user: CurrentUser,
+    personnel_id: Annotated[int, Path(ge=1)],
+    payload: PersonnelCreateIn,
+    meta: RequestMetaDep,
+) -> ApiResponse[PersonnelOut]:
+    """编辑人员（全量提交，不含状态）。校验规则同新增。"""
+    return ok(
+        personnel_service.update_personnel(
+            session, personnel_id, payload, operator=current_user, meta=meta
+        ),
+        message="已保存",
+    )
+
+
+@router.delete("/{personnel_id}", response_model=ApiResponse[None], summary="删除人员")
+def delete_personnel(
+    session: DbSession,
+    current_user: CurrentUser,
+    personnel_id: Annotated[int, Path(ge=1)],
+    meta: RequestMetaDep,
+) -> ApiResponse[None]:
+    """删除人员。被团队成员或客户归属引用时禁删，应改为离职。"""
+    personnel_service.delete_personnel(session, personnel_id, operator=current_user, meta=meta)
+    return ok(message="人员已删除")
+
+
+@router.put(
+    "/{personnel_id}/status",
+    response_model=ApiResponse[PersonnelOut],
+    summary="设为在职/离职",
+)
+def set_status(
+    session: DbSession,
+    current_user: CurrentUser,
+    personnel_id: Annotated[int, Path(ge=1)],
+    payload: PersonnelStatusIn,
+    meta: RequestMetaDep,
+) -> ApiResponse[PersonnelOut]:
+    """在职/离职切换。离职人员不可再被业务与客户归属引用。"""
+    result = personnel_service.set_status(
+        session, personnel_id, payload.status, operator=current_user, meta=meta
+    )
+    return ok(result, message="已设为在职" if payload.status == 1 else "已设为离职")
+
+
+@router.put("/{personnel_id}/regions", response_model=ApiResponse[None], summary="维护辐射区域")
+def replace_regions(
+    session: DbSession,
+    current_user: CurrentUser,
+    personnel_id: Annotated[int, Path(ge=1)],
+    payload: RegionReplaceIn,
+    meta: RequestMetaDep,
+) -> ApiResponse[None]:
+    """全量替换辐射区域，空列表即清空。"""
+    personnel_service.replace_regions(
+        session, personnel_id, payload, operator=current_user, meta=meta
+    )
+    return ok(message="已保存")
+
+
+@router.put("/{personnel_id}/plans", response_model=ApiResponse[None], summary="维护拓展计划")
+def replace_plans(
+    session: DbSession,
+    current_user: CurrentUser,
+    personnel_id: Annotated[int, Path(ge=1)],
+    payload: PlanReplaceIn,
+    meta: RequestMetaDep,
+) -> ApiResponse[None]:
+    """全量替换拓展计划，空列表即清空。"""
+    personnel_service.replace_plans(
+        session, personnel_id, payload, operator=current_user, meta=meta
+    )
+    return ok(message="已保存")

backend/app/api/v1/base/products.py

@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+"""产品管理接口（需求 2.1.2：产品主数据维护）。
+
+产品是折算阈值的行级锚点（product_category 决定 30%/20% 折算阈值），
+类别值域由后端校验 —— 前端下拉只是展示约束，后端校验是唯一防线。
+
+**数据提取（POST /products/extract）暂不提供**：它依赖业务明细表
+（V5 迁移），待业务管理任务完成后补充。
+
+基础数据属业务操作，登录用户即可访问（区别于系统管理模块的 AdminUser）；
+写操作经 RequestMetaDep 带入请求元信息，由 service 层写入操作日志。
+"""
+
+from typing import Annotated
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, Path, Query
+
+from app.api.deps import DbSession, RequestMetaDep, get_current_user
+from app.core.response import ApiResponse, PageResult, ok
+from app.models import User
+from app.schemas.product import (
+    ProductCreateIn,
+    ProductOut,
+    ProductQuery,
+    ProductStatusIn,
+    ProductUpdateIn,
+)
+from app.services import product_service
+
+CurrentUser = Annotated[User, Depends(get_current_user)]
+
+router = APIRouter(prefix="/products", tags=["产品管理"])
+
+
+@router.get("", response_model=ApiResponse[PageResult[ProductOut]], summary="产品列表")
+def list_products(
+    session: DbSession,
+    _: CurrentUser,
+    query: Annotated[ProductQuery, Query()],
+) -> ApiResponse[PageResult[ProductOut]]:
+    """分页查询产品（含停用）。keyword 对名称或规格模糊匹配。"""
+    return ok(product_service.list_products(session, query))
+
+
+@router.post("", response_model=ApiResponse[ProductOut], summary="新增产品")
+def create_product(
+    session: DbSession,
+    current_user: CurrentUser,
+    payload: ProductCreateIn,
+    meta: RequestMetaDep,
+) -> ApiResponse[ProductOut]:
+    """新增产品。类别须在合法值域内；新产品默认启用。"""
+    return ok(
+        product_service.create_product(session, payload, operator=current_user, meta=meta),
+        message="产品已创建",
+    )
+
+
+@router.get("/{product_id}", response_model=ApiResponse[ProductOut], summary="产品详情")
+def get_product(
+    session: DbSession,
+    _: CurrentUser,
+    product_id: Annotated[int, Path(ge=1)],
+) -> ApiResponse[ProductOut]:
+    """按主键查询产品详情。"""
+    return ok(product_service.get_product(session, product_id))
+
+
+@router.put("/{product_id}", response_model=ApiResponse[ProductOut], summary="编辑产品")
+def update_product(
+    session: DbSession,
+    current_user: CurrentUser,
+    product_id: Annotated[int, Path(ge=1)],
+    payload: ProductUpdateIn,
+    meta: RequestMetaDep,
+) -> ApiResponse[ProductOut]:
+    """编辑产品基本信息（全量替换，不含状态；启用/停用走独立端点）。"""
+    return ok(
+        product_service.update_product(
+            session, product_id, payload, operator=current_user, meta=meta
+        ),
+        message="已保存",
+    )
+
+
+@router.delete("/{product_id}", response_model=ApiResponse[None], summary="删除产品")
+def delete_product(
+    session: DbSession,
+    current_user: CurrentUser,
+    product_id: Annotated[int, Path(ge=1)],
+    meta: RequestMetaDep,
+) -> ApiResponse[None]:
+    """物理删除产品（仅限误录数据，常规下架用停用）。
+
+    被业务明细/发货明细引用时返回 400（引导改走停用）。
+    """
+    product_service.delete_product(session, product_id, operator=current_user, meta=meta)
+    return ok(message="产品已删除")
+
+
+@router.put("/{product_id}/status", response_model=ApiResponse[ProductOut], summary="启用/停用产品")
+def set_status(
+    session: DbSession,
+    current_user: CurrentUser,
+    product_id: Annotated[int, Path(ge=1)],
+    payload: ProductStatusIn,
+    meta: RequestMetaDep,
+) -> ApiResponse[ProductOut]:
+    """启用或停用产品（1启用 0停用）。"""
+    result = product_service.set_status(
+        session, product_id, payload.status, operator=current_user, meta=meta
+    )
+    return ok(result, message="已启用" if payload.status == 1 else "已停用")

backend/app/api/v1/business/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+"""业务数据管理接口（需求 2.2）。
+
+挂载于 `/api/v1/business/*`，含业务单据维护、客户评级等级配置等业务数据入口。
+
+与 `api/v1/system` 的权限分工：业务数据是**业务操作**，登录即可访问
+（不要求管理员）；写操作同样经 `RequestMetaDep` 带入请求元信息，
+由 service 层写入操作日志。
+"""

backend/app/api/v1/business/businesses.py

@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+"""业务管理接口（需求 2.2.1/2.2.4）。
+
+校验规则（编号生成、状态机、归属留痕、汇总重算）见 `business_service`
+模块 docstring；基础数据属业务操作，登录即可访问。
+"""
+
+from datetime import date
+from typing import Annotated
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, Path, Query
+
+from app.api.deps import DbSession, RequestMetaDep, get_current_user
+from app.core.response import ApiResponse, PageQuery, PageResult, ok
+from app.models import User
+from app.schemas.business import (
+    BusinessCreateIn,
+    BusinessDetailOut,
+    BusinessOut,
+    BusinessOwnershipIn,
+    BusinessQuery,
+    BusinessStatusIn,
+    BusinessStatusLogOut,
+    BusinessUpdateIn,
+    GrossProfitOut,
+    OwnershipChangeLogOut,
+)
+from app.services import business_service
+
+# 基础数据是业务操作：登录即可，不要求管理员（区别于系统管理的 AdminUser）
+CurrentUser = Annotated[User, Depends(get_current_user)]
+
+router = APIRouter(prefix="/businesses", tags=["业务管理"])
+
+
+@router.get("", response_model=ApiResponse[PageResult[BusinessOut]], summary="业务列表")
+def list_businesses(
+    session: DbSession,
+    _: CurrentUser,
+    query: Annotated[BusinessQuery, Query()],
+) -> ApiResponse[PageResult[BusinessOut]]:
+    """分页查询业务。编号/公司名称模糊，可按状态/客户/归属人员/日期范围筛选。"""
+    return ok(business_service.list_businesses(session, query))
+
+
+@router.post("", response_model=ApiResponse[BusinessOut], summary="创建业务")
+def create_business(
+    session: DbSession,
+    current_user: CurrentUser,
+    payload: BusinessCreateIn,
+    meta: RequestMetaDep,
+) -> ApiResponse[BusinessOut]:
+    """创建业务 + 明细行（≥1）。业务编号自动生成；创建写首条状态留痕。"""
+    return ok(
+        business_service.create_business(session, payload, operator=current_user, meta=meta),
+        message="业务已创建",
+    )
+
+
+@router.get("/{business_id}", response_model=ApiResponse[BusinessDetailOut], summary="业务详情")
+def get_business(
+    session: DbSession,
+    _: CurrentUser,
+    business_id: Annotated[int, Path(ge=1)],
+) -> ApiResponse[BusinessDetailOut]:
+    """业务详情，附产品明细行，供编辑抽屉一次回显。"""
+    return ok(business_service.get_detail(session, business_id))
+
+
+@router.put("/{business_id}", response_model=ApiResponse[BusinessOut], summary="编辑业务")
+def update_business(
+    session: DbSession,
+    current_user: CurrentUser,
+    business_id: Annotated[int, Path(ge=1)],
+    payload: BusinessUpdateIn,
+    meta: RequestMetaDep,
+) -> ApiResponse[BusinessOut]:
+    """编辑业务（明细全量替换并重算汇总）。归属不在此端点调整，走 /ownership。"""
+    return ok(
+        business_service.update_business(
+            session, business_id, payload, operator=current_user, meta=meta
+        ),
+        message="已保存",
+    )
+
+
+@router.delete("/{business_id}", response_model=ApiResponse[None], summary="删除业务")
+def delete_business(
+    session: DbSession,
+    current_user: CurrentUser,
+    business_id: Annotated[int, Path(ge=1)],
+    meta: RequestMetaDep,
+) -> ApiResponse[None]:
+    """删除业务。有发货或回款记录时禁删，应改为已终止。"""
+    business_service.delete_business(session, business_id, operator=current_user, meta=meta)
+    return ok(message="业务已删除")
+
+
+@router.put("/{business_id}/status", response_model=ApiResponse[BusinessOut], summary="状态流转")
+def change_status(
+    session: DbSession,
+    current_user: CurrentUser,
+    business_id: Annotated[int, Path(ge=1)],
+    payload: BusinessStatusIn,
+    meta: RequestMetaDep,
+) -> ApiResponse[BusinessOut]:
+    """状态流转：执行中→已完成/已终止；终态不可再变更；终止必填原因。"""
+    return ok(
+        business_service.change_status(
+            session, business_id, payload, operator=current_user, meta=meta
+        ),
+        message="状态已变更",
+    )
+
+
+@router.put("/{business_id}/ownership", response_model=ApiResponse[BusinessOut], summary="调整归属")
+def change_ownership(
+    session: DbSession,
+    current_user: CurrentUser,
+    business_id: Annotated[int, Path(ge=1)],
+    payload: BusinessOwnershipIn,
+    meta: RequestMetaDep,
+) -> ApiResponse[BusinessOut]:
+    """调整负责/协助营销人员，同事务写归属变更留痕（不回溯历史）。"""
+    return ok(
+        business_service.change_ownership(
+            session, business_id, payload, operator=current_user, meta=meta
+        ),
+        message="归属已调整",
+    )
+
+
+@router.get(
+    "/{business_id}/ownership-logs",
+    response_model=ApiResponse[PageResult[OwnershipChangeLogOut]],
+    summary="归属变更记录",
+)
+def list_ownership_logs(
+    session: DbSession,
+    _: CurrentUser,
+    business_id: Annotated[int, Path(ge=1)],
+    query: Annotated[PageQuery, Query()],
+) -> ApiResponse[PageResult[OwnershipChangeLogOut]]:
+    """某业务的归属变更留痕（分页，按时间倒序）。"""
+    return ok(business_service.list_ownership_logs(session, business_id, query))
+
+
+@router.get(
+    "/{business_id}/status-logs",
+    response_model=ApiResponse[PageResult[BusinessStatusLogOut]],
+    summary="状态流转记录",
+)
+def list_status_logs(
+    session: DbSession,
+    _: CurrentUser,
+    business_id: Annotated[int, Path(ge=1)],
+    query: Annotated[PageQuery, Query()],
+) -> ApiResponse[PageResult[BusinessStatusLogOut]]:
+    """某业务的状态流转时间线（分页，按时间正序，从创建起展示）。"""
+    return ok(business_service.list_status_logs(session, business_id, query))
+
+
+@router.get(
+    "/{business_id}/gross-profit",
+    response_model=ApiResponse[GrossProfitOut],
+    summary="毛利润数据视图",
+)
+def gross_profit(
+    session: DbSession,
+    _: CurrentUser,
+    business_id: Annotated[int, Path(ge=1)],
+    as_of: Annotated[date | None, Query()] = None,
+) -> ApiResponse[GrossProfitOut]:
+    """按产品逐行实时计算毛利润与折算额（不含运费口径，对照表 #2）。
+
+    阈值按 asOf（默认今日）取参数快照；M3 核算实际按回款到账日取参。
+    """
+    return ok(business_service.gross_profit(session, business_id, as_of))

backend/app/api/v1/business/ratings.py

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+"""客户评级等级配置接口（需求 2.2.5）。
+
+评级计算器的等级映射判定表：判定按 sort_order 升序取首个 min_score ≤ 总分
+的等级，max_score 仅展示。区间合法（0≤min≤max≤100）与互不重叠由后端校验
+—— 前端表单只是展示约束，后端校验是唯一防线。
+
+列表不分页全量返回：等级映射是判定表，数量个位数，分页无意义。
+业务数据属业务操作，登录用户即可访问（区别于系统管理模块的 AdminUser）；
+写操作经 RequestMetaDep 带入请求元信息，由 service 层写入操作日志。
+"""
+
+from typing import Annotated
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, Path
+
+from app.api.deps import DbSession, RequestMetaDep, get_current_user
+from app.core.response import ApiResponse, ok
+from app.models import User
+from app.schemas.rating import RatingGradeCreateIn, RatingGradeOut, RatingGradeUpdateIn
+from app.services import rating_service
+
+CurrentUser = Annotated[User, Depends(get_current_user)]
+
+router = APIRouter(prefix="/rating-grades", tags=["客户评级"])
+
+
+@router.get("", response_model=ApiResponse[list[RatingGradeOut]], summary="评级等级列表")
+def list_grades(
+    session: DbSession,
+    _: CurrentUser,
+) -> ApiResponse[list[RatingGradeOut]]:
+    """全量等级列表，按判定顺序（sort_order 升序）返回，不分页。"""
+    return ok(rating_service.list_grades(session))
+
+
+@router.post("", response_model=ApiResponse[RatingGradeOut], summary="新增评级等级")
+def create_grade(
+    session: DbSession,
+    current_user: CurrentUser,
+    payload: RatingGradeCreateIn,
+    meta: RequestMetaDep,
+) -> ApiResponse[RatingGradeOut]:
+    """新增评级等级。区间须 0≤min≤max≤100 且与既有等级不重叠。"""
+    return ok(
+        rating_service.create_grade(session, payload, operator=current_user, meta=meta),
+        message="评级等级已创建",
+    )
+
+
+@router.put("/{grade_id}", response_model=ApiResponse[RatingGradeOut], summary="编辑评级等级")
+def update_grade(
+    session: DbSession,
+    current_user: CurrentUser,
+    grade_id: Annotated[int, Path(ge=1)],
+    payload: RatingGradeUpdateIn,
+    meta: RequestMetaDep,
+) -> ApiResponse[RatingGradeOut]:
+    """编辑评级等级（全量替换）。区间须合法且与其他等级不重叠。"""
+    return ok(
+        rating_service.update_grade(session, grade_id, payload, operator=current_user, meta=meta),
+        message="已保存",
+    )
+
+
+@router.delete("/{grade_id}", response_model=ApiResponse[None], summary="删除评级等级")
+def delete_grade(
+    session: DbSession,
+    current_user: CurrentUser,
+    grade_id: Annotated[int, Path(ge=1)],
+    meta: RequestMetaDep,
+) -> ApiResponse[None]:
+    """物理删除评级等级（等级表无下游引用，允许清空，理由见 service 说明）。"""
+    rating_service.delete_grade(session, grade_id, operator=current_user, meta=meta)
+    return ok(message="评级等级已删除")

backend/app/api/v1/business/receipts.py

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+"""回款管理接口（需求 2.2.3）。
+
+回款按业务登记到账款项，批次号自动生成（HK 前缀）。校验规则（发货
+批次同业务强校验、已核算禁改禁删、汇总重算）见 `receipt_service` 模块
+docstring；基础数据属业务操作，登录即可访问。
+"""
+
+from typing import Annotated
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, Path, Query
+
+from app.api.deps import DbSession, RequestMetaDep, get_current_user
+from app.core.response import ApiResponse, PageResult, ok
+from app.models import User
+from app.schemas.receipt import (
+    ReceiptCreateIn,
+    ReceiptOut,
+    ReceiptQuery,
+    ReceiptUpdateIn,
+)
+from app.services import receipt_service
+
+# 基础数据是业务操作：登录即可，不要求管理员（区别于系统管理的 AdminUser）
+CurrentUser = Annotated[User, Depends(get_current_user)]
+
+router = APIRouter(prefix="/receipts", tags=["回款管理"])
+
+
+@router.get("", response_model=ApiResponse[PageResult[ReceiptOut]], summary="回款列表")
+def list_receipts(
+    session: DbSession,
+    _: CurrentUser,
+    query: Annotated[ReceiptQuery, Query()],
+) -> ApiResponse[PageResult[ReceiptOut]]:
+    """分页查询回款。附业务号/发货单号与回款天数派生值，可按业务/日期/抵顶/核算状态筛选。"""
+    return ok(receipt_service.list_receipts(session, query))
+
+
+@router.post("", response_model=ApiResponse[ReceiptOut], summary="新增回款")
+def create_receipt(
+    session: DbSession,
+    current_user: CurrentUser,
+    payload: ReceiptCreateIn,
+    meta: RequestMetaDep,
+) -> ApiResponse[ReceiptOut]:
+    """新增回款。批次号自动生成；发货批次须与本回款同属一个业务；业务须执行中。"""
+    return ok(
+        receipt_service.create_receipt(session, payload, operator=current_user, meta=meta),
+        message="回款已登记",
+    )
+
+
+@router.get("/{receipt_id}", response_model=ApiResponse[ReceiptOut], summary="回款详情")
+def get_receipt(
+    session: DbSession,
+    _: CurrentUser,
+    receipt_id: Annotated[int, Path(ge=1)],
+) -> ApiResponse[ReceiptOut]:
+    """回款详情（含回款天数派生值，未指定发货批次时为空）。"""
+    return ok(receipt_service.get_detail(session, receipt_id))
+
+
+@router.put("/{receipt_id}", response_model=ApiResponse[ReceiptOut], summary="编辑回款")
+def update_receipt(
+    session: DbSession,
+    current_user: CurrentUser,
+    receipt_id: Annotated[int, Path(ge=1)],
+    payload: ReceiptUpdateIn,
+    meta: RequestMetaDep,
+) -> ApiResponse[ReceiptOut]:
+    """编辑回款（全量替换并重算合计）。已核算回款禁止修改；发货批次重新校验同业务。"""
+    return ok(
+        receipt_service.update_receipt(
+            session, receipt_id, payload, operator=current_user, meta=meta
+        ),
+        message="已保存",
+    )
+
+
+@router.delete("/{receipt_id}", response_model=ApiResponse[None], summary="删除回款")
+def delete_receipt(
+    session: DbSession,
+    current_user: CurrentUser,
+    receipt_id: Annotated[int, Path(ge=1)],
+    meta: RequestMetaDep,
+) -> ApiResponse[None]:
+    """删除回款。已核算回款禁止删除；业务已完成或已终止时禁删。"""
+    receipt_service.delete_receipt(session, receipt_id, operator=current_user, meta=meta)
+    return ok(message="回款已删除")

backend/app/api/v1/business/shipments.py

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+"""发货管理接口（需求 2.2.2）。
+
+校验规则（状态门槛、行金额固化、双重汇总回写、删除保护）见
+`shipment_service` 模块 docstring；业务数据属业务操作，登录即可访问。
+"""
+
+from typing import Annotated
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, Path, Query
+
+from app.api.deps import DbSession, RequestMetaDep, get_current_user
+from app.core.response import ApiResponse, PageResult, ok
+from app.models import User
+from app.schemas.shipment import (
+    ShipmentCreateIn,
+    ShipmentDetailOut,
+    ShipmentOut,
+    ShipmentQuery,
+    ShipmentUpdateIn,
+)
+from app.services import shipment_service
+
+# 基础数据是业务操作：登录即可，不要求管理员（区别于系统管理的 AdminUser）
+CurrentUser = Annotated[User, Depends(get_current_user)]
+
+router = APIRouter(prefix="/shipments", tags=["发货管理"])
+
+
+@router.get("", response_model=ApiResponse[PageResult[ShipmentOut]], summary="发货单列表")
+def list_shipments(
+    session: DbSession,
+    _: CurrentUser,
+    query: Annotated[ShipmentQuery, Query()],
+) -> ApiResponse[PageResult[ShipmentOut]]:
+    """分页查询发货单（附业务编号），可按业务/发货日期范围筛选。"""
+    return ok(shipment_service.list_shipments(session, query))
+
+
+@router.post("", response_model=ApiResponse[ShipmentOut], summary="创建发货单")
+def create_shipment(
+    session: DbSession,
+    current_user: CurrentUser,
+    payload: ShipmentCreateIn,
+    meta: RequestMetaDep,
+) -> ApiResponse[ShipmentOut]:
+    """创建发货单（明细 ≥1）。业务须处于执行中；锁业务行后生成 SH 编号。"""
+    return ok(
+        shipment_service.create_shipment(session, payload, operator=current_user, meta=meta),
+        message="发货单已创建",
+    )
+
+
+@router.get("/{shipment_id}", response_model=ApiResponse[ShipmentDetailOut], summary="发货单详情")
+def get_shipment(
+    session: DbSession,
+    _: CurrentUser,
+    shipment_id: Annotated[int, Path(ge=1)],
+) -> ApiResponse[ShipmentDetailOut]:
+    """发货单详情，附产品明细行，供编辑抽屉一次回显。"""
+    return ok(shipment_service.get_detail(session, shipment_id))
+
+
+@router.put("/{shipment_id}", response_model=ApiResponse[ShipmentOut], summary="编辑发货单")
+def update_shipment(
+    session: DbSession,
+    current_user: CurrentUser,
+    shipment_id: Annotated[int, Path(ge=1)],
+    payload: ShipmentUpdateIn,
+    meta: RequestMetaDep,
+) -> ApiResponse[ShipmentOut]:
+    """编辑发货单（明细全量替换并重算汇总）。终态业务的发货单禁改。"""
+    return ok(
+        shipment_service.update_shipment(
+            session, shipment_id, payload, operator=current_user, meta=meta
+        ),
+        message="已保存",
+    )
+
+
+@router.delete("/{shipment_id}", response_model=ApiResponse[None], summary="删除发货单")
+def delete_shipment(
+    session: DbSession,
+    current_user: CurrentUser,
+    shipment_id: Annotated[int, Path(ge=1)],
+    meta: RequestMetaDep,
+) -> ApiResponse[None]:
+    """删除发货单（连带明细行并回写业务汇总）。被回款批次指定时禁删。"""
+    shipment_service.delete_shipment(session, shipment_id, operator=current_user, meta=meta)
+    return ok(message="发货单已删除")

backend/app/api/v1/system/approvals.py

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+"""审批管理接口（2026-10-15 复核审批补充需求）。
+
+准入：admin/财务/领导可见（营销后勤暂不可见——权限清单待澄清 #6，
+答复后放开为「提交人可见本人单据」）。节点级准入由 service 按单据
+状态二次校验（status=1 仅财务、status=2 仅领导，admin 不代办）。
+提单不经本模块：由业务写路径（创建/编辑带二次分配方案）自动触发。
+"""
+
+from typing import Annotated
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, Path, Query
+
+from app.api.deps import DbSession, RequestMetaDep, require_roles
+from app.core.constants import ROLE_ADMIN, ROLE_FINANCE, ROLE_LEADER
+from app.core.response import ApiResponse, PageResult, ok
+from app.models import User
+from app.schemas.approval import (
+    ApprovalActionIn,
+    ApprovalOrderDetailOut,
+    ApprovalOrderOut,
+    ApprovalQuery,
+)
+from app.services import approval_service
+
+router = APIRouter(prefix="/approvals", tags=["系统管理 · 审批管理"])
+
+# 模块准入：可见集合（节点准入在 service 层按状态二次判定）
+_ApprovalUser = Annotated[User, Depends(require_roles(ROLE_ADMIN, ROLE_FINANCE, ROLE_LEADER))]
+
+
+@router.get("", response_model=ApiResponse[PageResult[ApprovalOrderOut]], summary="审批单列表")
+def list_orders(
+    session: DbSession,
+    _: _ApprovalUser,
+    query: Annotated[ApprovalQuery, Query()],
+) -> ApiResponse[PageResult[ApprovalOrderOut]]:
+    """分页查询审批单。"""
+    return ok(approval_service.list_orders(session, query))
+
+
+@router.get("/{order_id}", response_model=ApiResponse[ApprovalOrderDetailOut], summary="审批详情")
+def get_order(
+    session: DbSession,
+    _: _ApprovalUser,
+    order_id: Annotated[int, Path(ge=1)],
+) -> ApiResponse[ApprovalOrderDetailOut]:
+    """审批单详情（含节点时间线）。"""
+    return ok(approval_service.get_order(session, order_id))
+
+
+@router.post(
+    "/{order_id}/action",
+    response_model=ApiResponse[ApprovalOrderDetailOut],
+    summary="节点动作（通过/驳回）",
+)
+def act_on_order(
+    payload: ApprovalActionIn,
+    session: DbSession,
+    current_user: _ApprovalUser,
+    meta: RequestMetaDep,
+    order_id: Annotated[int, Path(ge=1)],
+) -> ApiResponse[ApprovalOrderDetailOut]:
+    """财务复核 / 领导审核；一驳全驳，驳回须填意见。"""
+    return ok(
+        approval_service.act(session, order_id, payload, operator=current_user, meta=meta),
+        message="已提交",
+    )

backend/app/api/v1/system/business_roles.py

@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+"""业务岗位角色管理接口（需求 #28：岗位可扩展 + 绑定公式模板）。
+
+保护规则（内置岗位禁删禁停、编码不可改、模板须在注册表内）见
+`business_role_service` 模块 docstring。前端会禁用相应按钮，但**后端校验是唯一防线**。
+
+全部要求管理员权限；写操作经 `RequestMetaDep` 带入请求元信息由 service
+层写入操作日志。
+"""
+
+from typing import Annotated
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Path, Query
+
+from app.api.deps import AdminUser, DbSession, RequestMetaDep
+from app.core.response import ApiResponse, PageResult, ok
+from app.schemas.business_role import (
+    BusinessRoleCreateIn,
+    BusinessRoleOut,
+    BusinessRoleQuery,
+    BusinessRoleStatusIn,
+    BusinessRoleUpdateIn,
+    TemplateOptionOut,
+)
+from app.services import business_role_service
+
+router = APIRouter(prefix="/business-roles", tags=["系统管理 · 岗位角色"])
+
+
+@router.get("", response_model=ApiResponse[PageResult[BusinessRoleOut]], summary="岗位列表")
+def list_roles(
+    session: DbSession,
+    _: AdminUser,
+    query: Annotated[BusinessRoleQuery, Query()],
+) -> ApiResponse[PageResult[BusinessRoleOut]]:
+    """分页查询业务岗位角色（含停用）。"""
+    return ok(business_role_service.list_roles(session, query))
+
+
+@router.post("", response_model=ApiResponse[BusinessRoleOut], summary="新增岗位")
+def create_role(
+    session: DbSession,
+    current_user: AdminUser,
+    payload: BusinessRoleCreateIn,
+    meta: RequestMetaDep,
+) -> ApiResponse[BusinessRoleOut]:
+    """新增岗位。编码全局唯一、创建后不可修改；模板须在注册表内；新岗位默认启用。"""
+    return ok(
+        business_role_service.create_role(session, payload, operator=current_user, meta=meta),
+        message="岗位已创建",
+    )
+
+
+@router.get(
+    "/meta/templates",
+    response_model=ApiResponse[list[TemplateOptionOut]],
+    summary="公式模板下拉",
+)
+def list_template_options(session: DbSession, _: AdminUser) -> ApiResponse[list[TemplateOptionOut]]:
+    """取公式模板下拉（含声明参数，供岗位表单展示）。
+
+    定义在 `/{role_id}` 之前：静态路径优先，避免 "meta" 被当作路径参数解析。
+    """
+    return ok(business_role_service.list_template_options())
+
+
+@router.get("/{role_id}", response_model=ApiResponse[BusinessRoleOut], summary="岗位详情")
+def get_role(
+    session: DbSession,
+    _: AdminUser,
+    role_id: Annotated[int, Path(ge=1)],
+) -> ApiResponse[BusinessRoleOut]:
+    """按主键查询岗位详情。"""
+    return ok(business_role_service.get_role(session, role_id))
+
+
+@router.put("/{role_id}", response_model=ApiResponse[BusinessRoleOut], summary="编辑岗位")
+def update_role(
+    session: DbSession,
+    current_user: AdminUser,
+    role_id: Annotated[int, Path(ge=1)],
+    payload: BusinessRoleUpdateIn,
+    meta: RequestMetaDep,
+) -> ApiResponse[BusinessRoleOut]:
+    """编辑岗位名称/模板/说明/排序。
+
+    **不含 role_code** —— 编码是参数维度值与模板绑定的锚点。
+    """
+    return ok(
+        business_role_service.update_role(
+            session, role_id, payload, operator=current_user, meta=meta
+        ),
+        message="已保存",
+    )
+
+
+@router.put(
+    "/{role_id}/status", response_model=ApiResponse[BusinessRoleOut], summary="启用/禁用岗位"
+)
+def set_status(
+    session: DbSession,
+    current_user: AdminUser,
+    role_id: Annotated[int, Path(ge=1)],
+    payload: BusinessRoleStatusIn,
+    meta: RequestMetaDep,
+) -> ApiResponse[BusinessRoleOut]:
+    """启用或禁用岗位。内置岗位不可停用。"""
+    result = business_role_service.set_status(
+        session, role_id, payload.status, operator=current_user, meta=meta
+    )
+    return ok(result, message="已启用" if payload.status == 1 else "已禁用")
+
+
+@router.delete("/{role_id}", response_model=ApiResponse[None], summary="删除岗位")
+def delete_role(
+    session: DbSession,
+    current_user: AdminUser,
+    role_id: Annotated[int, Path(ge=1)],
+    meta: RequestMetaDep,
+) -> ApiResponse[None]:
+    """删除岗位。内置岗位不可删除；有人员引用的岗位不可删除。"""
+    business_role_service.delete_role(session, role_id, operator=current_user, meta=meta)
+    return ok(message="岗位已删除")

backend/app/api/v1/system/params.py

@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+"""计提参数管理接口（需求 #28：参数配置化 + 版本管理 + 留痕）。
+
+全部要求管理员权限（开放问题 #5 的当前默认，后续可放宽只读）；
+写操作（提交/撤回）经 `RequestMetaDep` 带入请求元信息写入操作日志，
+变更批次本身另行留痕（变更人/时间/项/旧值/新值/生效日期）——双保险。
+导出为文件流（非统一信封），前端以 blob 接收。
+"""
+
+from datetime import date
+from typing import Annotated
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Path, Query
+from fastapi.responses import StreamingResponse
+
+from app.api.deps import AdminUser, DbSession, RequestMetaDep
+from app.core.response import ApiResponse, PageResult, ok
+from app.schemas.param import (
+    ParamBatchDetailOut,
+    ParamBatchOut,
+    ParamBatchQuery,
+    ParamCatalogItemOut,
+    ParamChangeBatchOut,
+    ParamChangeIn,
+    ParamDiffOut,
+    ParamHistoryOut,
+    ParamHistoryQuery,
+    ParamPreviewIn,
+    ParamPreviewOut,
+)
+from app.services import param_service
+
+router = APIRouter(prefix="/params", tags=["系统管理 · 计提参数"])
+
+
+@router.get(
+    "", response_model=ApiResponse[list[ParamCatalogItemOut]], summary="参数目录（含当前生效值）"
+)
+def get_catalog(
+    session: DbSession,
+    _: AdminUser,
+    as_of: Annotated[date | None, Query(description="业务日期，默认今日")] = None,
+) -> ApiResponse[list[ParamCatalogItemOut]]:
+    """全部启用参数的定义元数据与截至 asOf 的生效值（前端按分组展示）。"""
+    return ok(param_service.get_catalog(session, as_of=as_of))
+
+
+@router.post("/changes", response_model=ApiResponse[ParamChangeBatchOut], summary="提交变更批次")
+def submit_change(
+    session: DbSession,
+    current_user: AdminUser,
+    payload: ParamChangeIn,
+    meta: RequestMetaDep,
+) -> ApiResponse[ParamChangeBatchOut]:
+    """提交一批参数变更（1~50 项），返回版本号；立即生效或指定日期生效。"""
+    return ok(
+        param_service.submit_change(session, payload, operator=current_user, meta=meta),
+        message="变更已提交",
+    )
+
+
+@router.get(
+    "/changes", response_model=ApiResponse[PageResult[ParamBatchOut]], summary="变更记录分页"
+)
+def list_changes(
+    session: DbSession,
+    _: AdminUser,
+    query: Annotated[ParamBatchQuery, Query()],
+) -> ApiResponse[PageResult[ParamBatchOut]]:
+    """按生效日期区间分页查询变更批次（创建时间倒序）。"""
+    return ok(param_service.list_batches(session, query))
+
+
+@router.get(
+    "/changes/{batch_id}", response_model=ApiResponse[ParamBatchDetailOut], summary="批次明细"
+)
+def get_batch(
+    session: DbSession,
+    _: AdminUser,
+    batch_id: Annotated[int, Path(ge=1)],
+) -> ApiResponse[ParamBatchDetailOut]:
+    """批次头 + 逐项旧值 → 新值。"""
+    return ok(param_service.get_batch_detail(session, batch_id))
+
+
+@router.delete("/changes/{batch_id}", response_model=ApiResponse[None], summary="撤回未生效批次")
+def withdraw_batch(
+    session: DbSession,
+    current_user: AdminUser,
+    batch_id: Annotated[int, Path(ge=1)],
+    meta: RequestMetaDep,
+) -> ApiResponse[None]:
+    """撤回尚未生效的批次；已生效批次不可撤回。"""
+    param_service.withdraw_batch(session, batch_id, operator=current_user, meta=meta)
+    return ok(message="批次已撤回")
+
+
+@router.get("/compare", response_model=ApiResponse[list[ParamDiffOut]], summary="两日期快照对比")
+def compare(
+    session: DbSession,
+    _: AdminUser,
+    from_date: Annotated[date, Query(description="起始业务日期（含）")],
+    to_date: Annotated[date, Query(description="截止业务日期（含）")],
+) -> ApiResponse[list[ParamDiffOut]]:
+    """两个业务日期的全量参数快照逐项对比，changed 标记是否变化。"""
+    return ok(param_service.compare(session, from_date=from_date, to_date=to_date))
+
+
+@router.get("/export", summary="导出变更记录 Excel")
+def export_changes(
+    session: DbSession,
+    _: AdminUser,
+    start_date: Annotated[date | None, Query(description="生效日期起（含）")] = None,
+    end_date: Annotated[date | None, Query(description="生效日期止（含）")] = None,
+) -> StreamingResponse:
+    """变更记录导出为 Excel 文件流（非统一信封，前端以 blob 接收）。"""
+    content = param_service.export_changes(session, start_date=start_date, end_date=end_date)
+    filename = f"param_changes_{date.today():%Y%m%d}.xlsx"
+    return StreamingResponse(
+        iter([content]),
+        media_type="application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet",
+        headers={"Content-Disposition": f'attachment; filename="{filename}"'},
+    )
+
+
+@router.post("/preview", response_model=ApiResponse[ParamPreviewOut], summary="计算预览")
+def preview(
+    session: DbSession,
+    _: AdminUser,
+    payload: ParamPreviewIn,
+) -> ApiResponse[ParamPreviewOut]:
+    """输入业务场景（岗位/产品/发货/回款/金额），按回款到账日取参数实时试算。"""
+    return ok(param_service.preview(session, payload))
+
+
+@router.get(
+    "/{param_code}/history",
+    response_model=ApiResponse[PageResult[ParamHistoryOut]],
+    summary="参数版本历史",
+)
+def get_history(
+    session: DbSession,
+    _: AdminUser,
+    param_code: Annotated[str, Path(max_length=64)],
+    query: Annotated[ParamHistoryQuery, Query()],
+) -> ApiResponse[PageResult[ParamHistoryOut]]:
+    """单参数的版本历史（含版本号、变更人与旧值 → 新值），最新在前。"""
+    return ok(param_service.get_history(session, param_code, query))

backend/app/api/v1/system/settings.py

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+"""系统设置接口（公司信息）。
+
+`GET /public` 与 `GET /logo/public` **无鉴权**：登录页渲染公司名/logo 时
+尚无令牌。响应经 `SettingPublicOut` 白名单收敛（见 schemas/setting.py），
+仅暴露两个非敏感展示字段。
+
+`/logo/public` 返回文件流而非统一信封——与参数导出同一例外口径
+（二进制响应套 JSON 信封无意义）。
+"""
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Response, UploadFile
+from fastapi.responses import FileResponse
+
+from app.api.deps import AdminUser, DbSession, RequestMetaDep
+from app.core.response import ApiResponse, ok
+from app.schemas.setting import SettingOut, SettingPublicOut, SettingUpdateIn
+from app.services import system_setting_service as service
+
+router = APIRouter(prefix="/settings", tags=["系统管理 · 公司信息"])
+
+_LOGO_MEDIA_TYPE = {"png": "image/png", "jpg": "image/jpeg"}
+
+
+@router.get("", response_model=ApiResponse[SettingOut], summary="公司信息")
+def get_settings(session: DbSession, _: AdminUser) -> ApiResponse[SettingOut]:
+    """取公司信息（管理端）。"""
+    return ok(service.to_out(service.get_setting(session)))
+
+
+@router.put("", response_model=ApiResponse[SettingOut], summary="更新公司名称")
+def update_settings(
+    payload: SettingUpdateIn,
+    session: DbSession,
+    current_user: AdminUser,
+    meta: RequestMetaDep,
+) -> ApiResponse[SettingOut]:
+    """更新公司名称（审计留痕）。"""
+    return ok(
+        service.update_company(session, payload, operator=current_user, meta=meta),
+        message="已保存",
+    )
+
+
+@router.post("/logo", response_model=ApiResponse[SettingOut], summary="上传 logo")
+async def upload_logo(
+    file: UploadFile,
+    session: DbSession,
+    current_user: AdminUser,
+    meta: RequestMetaDep,
+) -> ApiResponse[SettingOut]:
+    """上传公司 logo（png/jpg ≤2MB；固定名覆盖，旧扩展名文件清理）。"""
+    content = await file.read()
+    ext = (file.filename or "").rsplit(".", 1)[-1]
+    return ok(
+        service.save_logo(session, content, ext, operator=current_user, meta=meta),
+        message="logo 已更新",
+    )
+
+
+@router.get("/public", response_model=ApiResponse[SettingPublicOut], summary="公司信息（匿名）")
+def get_settings_public(session: DbSession, response: Response) -> ApiResponse[SettingPublicOut]:
+    """公司信息（登录页消费，无鉴权）。短缓存减轻匿名端点压力。"""
+    response.headers["Cache-Control"] = "public, max-age=300"
+    return ok(service.to_public_out(service.get_setting(session)))
+
+
+@router.get("/logo/public", summary="logo 图片（匿名）")
+def get_logo_public(session: DbSession) -> FileResponse:
+    """logo 文件流（无鉴权）。no-cache：图片替换后由版本参数破缓存兜底。"""
+    path, ext = service.read_logo(session)
+    return FileResponse(
+        path,
+        media_type=_LOGO_MEDIA_TYPE.get(ext, "application/octet-stream"),
+        headers={"Cache-Control": "no-cache"},
+    )

backend/app/core/config.py

@@ -92,6 +92,15 @@ class Settings(BaseSettings):
         auth = f":{self.redis_password}@" if self.redis_password else ""
         return f"redis://{auth}{self.redis_host}:{self.redis_port}/{self.redis_db}"
 
+    @property
+    def upload_dir(self) -> Path:
+        """上传文件根目录（公司 logo 等）：backend/uploads/。
+
+        不叫 static/ 是刻意的：静态目录将来可能整体交给前端构建产物，
+        运行期上传物必须与之隔离；该目录不入版本库（.gitignore）。
+        """
+        return BACKEND_DIR / "uploads"
+
 
 @lru_cache
 def get_settings() -> Settings:

backend/app/core/constants.py

@@ -25,6 +25,19 @@ TOKEN_TYPE_BEARER = "Bearer"
 # ===== 角色编码（与 db/migration 初始化数据保持一致）=====
 ROLE_ADMIN = "admin"
 ROLE_USER = "user"
+# 2026-10-15 复核审批补充需求新增职能登录角色：营销后勤（提交+录入）、
+# 财务（复核）、领导（审核）。roles 表无 is_builtin 列，内置保护用代码
+# 白名单判定（role_service 两处内置校验改查此集合）；
+# permissions/role_permissions 细粒度激活待业务权限清单（待澄清 #6）。
+ROLE_MARKETING_OPS = "marketing_ops"
+ROLE_FINANCE = "finance"
+ROLE_LEADER = "leader"
+BUILTIN_ROLE_CODES = {
+    ROLE_ADMIN,
+    ROLE_MARKETING_OPS,
+    ROLE_FINANCE,
+    ROLE_LEADER,
+}
 
 # ===== 密码策略 =====
 # bcrypt 5.0 起对超过 72 字节的密码由「静默截断」改为「抛 ValueError」，
@@ -37,10 +50,49 @@ PASSWORD_MAX_BYTES = 72
 CAPTCHA_CHARSET = "23456789ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZ"
 CAPTCHA_LENGTH = 4
 
+# ===== 业务岗位编码（与 db/migration 种子一致，business_roles.role_code）=====
+BUSINESS_ROLE_SALESPERSON = "salesperson"
+BUSINESS_ROLE_SALES_MANAGER = "sales_manager"
+BUSINESS_ROLE_INFO_OFFICER = "info_officer"
+
+# ===== 产品类别码（与 param_values.dimension_value 口径一致）=====
+PRODUCT_CATEGORY_MUNICIPAL_WATER = "municipal_water"
+PRODUCT_CATEGORY_RAIL_TRANSIT = "rail_transit"
+PRODUCT_CATEGORIES = {PRODUCT_CATEGORY_MUNICIPAL_WATER, PRODUCT_CATEGORY_RAIL_TRANSIT}
+
+# ===== 客户分类码（customers.customer_type，计提规则匹配锚点）=====
+CUSTOMER_TYPE_PERSONAL = "personal"
+CUSTOMER_TYPE_MANAGER_PERSONAL = "manager_personal"
+CUSTOMER_TYPE_ENTERPRISE = "enterprise"
+CUSTOMER_TYPES = {
+    CUSTOMER_TYPE_PERSONAL,
+    CUSTOMER_TYPE_MANAGER_PERSONAL,
+    CUSTOMER_TYPE_ENTERPRISE,
+}
+
 # ===== 操作日志词表（operation_logs 的 module / action 取值）=====
 # 集中定义避免各处硬编码导致日志值漂移；前端筛选下拉项与此保持一致
 MODULE_USER = "用户管理"
 MODULE_ROLE = "角色管理"
+MODULE_BUSINESS_ROLE = "岗位角色"
+MODULE_PARAM = "计提参数"
+MODULE_PERSONNEL = "人员管理"
+MODULE_PRODUCT = "产品管理"
+MODULE_CUSTOMER = "客户管理"
+MODULE_BUSINESS = "业务管理"
+MODULE_SHIPMENT = "发货管理"
+MODULE_RECEIPT = "回款管理"
+MODULE_RATING = "客户评级"
+MODULE_SYSTEM_SETTINGS = "系统设置"
+MODULE_APPROVAL = "审批管理"
+
+# ===== 单据编号前缀（{前缀}{YYYYMMDD}-{当日4位序号}，序号按自然日重置）=====
+# 一期为代码常量（业务未提出配置诉求）；如需可配置，走 M1 参数体系新增参数组
+NO_PREFIX_BUSINESS = "YW"
+NO_PREFIX_SHIPMENT = "SH"
+NO_PREFIX_RECEIPT = "HK"
+NO_PREFIX_PARAM = "P"
+NO_PREFIX_APPROVAL = "AP"
 
 ACTION_CREATE = "新增"
 ACTION_UPDATE = "修改"
@@ -48,3 +100,5 @@ ACTION_DELETE = "删除"
 ACTION_RESET_PASSWORD = "重置密码"
 ACTION_ENABLE = "启用"
 ACTION_DISABLE = "禁用"
+ACTION_APPROVE = "审批通过"
+ACTION_REJECT = "审批驳回"

backend/app/core/db_errors.py

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+"""数据库完整性错误的统一识别与翻译口径。
+
+判断依据：pymysql 原生异常 ``orig.args`` 首位是 MySQL 错误码 —— 只有
+1062（ER_DUP_ENTRY，唯一键冲突）是「已存在」语义，可安全转 400 业务
+提示；其余完整性错误（外键 RESTRICT、数据截断等）原样上抛，由全局
+异常处理器收敛 500（程序缺陷或数据异常，均不应伪装成用户错误）。
+"""
+
+from sqlalchemy.exc import IntegrityError
+
+# MySQL 唯一键冲突错误码（pymysql 原生异常 args 首位）
+ERR_DUP_ENTRY = 1062
+
+
+def is_duplicate_entry(exc: IntegrityError) -> bool:
+    """判断 IntegrityError 是否为 MySQL 唯一键冲突（错误码 1062）。"""
+    args = getattr(exc.orig, "args", ())
+    return bool(args) and args[0] == ERR_DUP_ENTRY

backend/app/core/exception_handlers.py

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import logging
 from fastapi import FastAPI, Request
 from fastapi.exceptions import RequestValidationError
 from fastapi.responses import JSONResponse
+from sqlalchemy.exc import IntegrityError
 from starlette.exceptions import HTTPException as StarletteHTTPException
 
 from app.core.constants import CODE_BAD_REQUEST, CODE_SERVER_ERROR
@@ -60,6 +61,19 @@ async def handle_http_exception(_: Request, exc: StarletteHTTPException) -> JSON
     return _build_response(exc.status_code, message)
 
 
+async def handle_integrity_error(_: Request, exc: IntegrityError) -> JSONResponse:
+    """完整性错误全局兜底为 400。
+
+    service 层已判别的 1062/引用冲突会自行翻译为业务提示，不会走到这里；
+    本 handler 拦截的是「新增父表后某 service 漏补引用保护」一类的遗漏
+    （e2e 撞见一个补一个的模式无法保证全覆盖）：FK RESTRICT 等数据完整性
+    冲突对用户表现为「这行数据被别处引用/冲突」，转 400 比 500 更贴近事实。
+    完整异常记录日志供排查；不在此处 rollback —— 会话由请求级依赖统一关闭。
+    """
+    logger.error("数据库完整性冲突（未在 service 层翻译）", exc_info=exc)
+    return _build_response(CODE_BAD_REQUEST, "数据完整性冲突，操作被拒绝")
+
+
 async def handle_unexpected_exception(_: Request, exc: Exception) -> JSONResponse:
     """兜底处理未预期异常。
 
@@ -77,4 +91,5 @@ def register_exception_handlers(app: FastAPI) -> None:
     app.add_exception_handler(AppException, handle_app_exception)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
     app.add_exception_handler(RequestValidationError, handle_validation_error)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
     app.add_exception_handler(StarletteHTTPException, handle_http_exception)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+    app.add_exception_handler(IntegrityError, handle_integrity_error)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
     app.add_exception_handler(Exception, handle_unexpected_exception)

backend/app/core/logging.py

@@ -29,8 +29,8 @@ _SENSITIVE_RULES: tuple[tuple[re.Pattern[str], str], ...] = (
     ),
     # Authorization: Bearer xxx
     (re.compile(r"(Bearer\s+)[A-Za-z0-9\-._~+/]+=*"), r"\1***"),
-    # 手机号：138****8888
-    (re.compile(r"\b(1[3-9]\d)\d{4}(\d{4})\b"), r"\1****\2"),
+    # 手机号：138****8888（兼容带空格/横线分隔的写法，如 138 0013 8000）
+    (re.compile(r"\b(1[3-9]\d)[-\s]?(\d{4})[-\s]?(\d{4})\b"), r"\1****\3"),
     # 18 位身份证：保留前 6 位与后 4 位
     (re.compile(r"\b(\d{6})\d{8}(\d{3}[\dXx])\b"), r"\1********\2"),
 )

backend/app/models/__init__.py

@@ -9,19 +9,51 @@
 `Base.metadata` 包含全部表，漏掉一张就会生成「删除该表」的迁移。
 """
 
+from app.models.approval import ApprovalOrder, ApprovalStep
 from app.models.base import Base, TimestampMixin
+from app.models.business import Business, BusinessItem, BusinessStatusLog, SecondaryAllocation
+from app.models.business_role import BusinessRole
+from app.models.customer import Customer, OwnershipChangeLog
 from app.models.login_log import LoginLog
 from app.models.operation_log import OperationLog
+from app.models.param import ParamChangeBatch, ParamDefinition, ParamValue
+from app.models.personnel import Personnel, PersonnelPlan, PersonnelRegion
+from app.models.product import Product
+from app.models.rating import CustomerRatingGrade
+from app.models.receipt import Receipt
 from app.models.role import Permission, Role, RolePermission
+from app.models.shipment import Shipment, ShipmentItem
+from app.models.system_setting import SystemSetting
 from app.models.user import User, UserRole
 
 __all__ = [
+    "ApprovalOrder",
+    "ApprovalStep",
     "Base",
+    "Business",
+    "BusinessItem",
+    "BusinessRole",
+    "BusinessStatusLog",
+    "Customer",
+    "CustomerRatingGrade",
     "LoginLog",
     "OperationLog",
+    "OwnershipChangeLog",
+    "ParamChangeBatch",
+    "ParamDefinition",
+    "ParamValue",
     "Permission",
+    "Personnel",
+    "PersonnelPlan",
+    "PersonnelRegion",
+    "Product",
+    "Receipt",
     "Role",
     "RolePermission",
+    "SecondaryAllocation",
+    "Shipment",
+    "ShipmentItem",
+    "SystemSetting",
     "TimestampMixin",
     "User",
     "UserRole",

backend/app/models/approval.py

@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+"""审批模型：审批单与节点记录（2026-10-15 复核审批补充需求）。
+
+三级链路：营销后勤提交 → 财务复核 → 领导审核。行为由参数体系开关驱动
+（`approval.*.enabled` BOOL）：关闭=提交即生成「自动通过」节点留痕，
+留痕不断链（开发计划 3.2(三)）；开启=按节点人工审核，一驳全驳。
+
+依赖说明：节点准入按登录角色编码判定（ROLE_FINANCE/ROLE_LEADER），
+不动 `permissions`/`role_permissions` 闲置表 —— 细粒度权限清单待业务方
+答复（待澄清 #6）后再激活。
+
+ref_id 为**固化无外键**（同 business_status_logs 先例）：order_type=2
+（月结预留）将指向 ④ 尚未落地的表，外键无法统一指向；单据删除保护由
+服务层承担（详见 approval_service）。
+"""
+
+from datetime import datetime
+
+from sqlalchemy import DateTime, ForeignKey, Index, String, text
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column
+
+from app.models.base import BIGINT_UNSIGNED, TINYINT_TYPE, Base, TimestampMixin, mysql_table_args
+
+# 审批单状态（approval_orders.status；流转机见 approval_service）
+APPROVAL_STATUS_PENDING_FINANCE = 1  # 待财务复核
+APPROVAL_STATUS_PENDING_LEADER = 2  # 待领导审核
+APPROVAL_STATUS_APPROVED = 3  # 已通过（终态）
+APPROVAL_STATUS_REJECTED = 4  # 已驳回（终态）
+APPROVAL_STATUS_WITHDRAWN = 5  # 已撤回（被引用方重新提交时旧在途单注销）
+
+# 节点（approval_steps.node；0 仅用于撤回留痕）
+APPROVAL_NODE_FINANCE = 1
+APPROVAL_NODE_LEADER = 2
+APPROVAL_NODE_WITHDRAW = 0
+APPROVAL_NODES = {
+    APPROVAL_STATUS_PENDING_FINANCE: APPROVAL_NODE_FINANCE,
+    APPROVAL_STATUS_PENDING_LEADER: APPROVAL_NODE_LEADER,
+}
+
+# 动作（approval_steps.action）
+APPROVAL_ACTION_APPROVE = 1  # 人工通过
+APPROVAL_ACTION_REJECT = 2  # 人工驳回
+APPROVAL_ACTION_AUTO_APPROVE = 3  # 系统自动通过（开关关闭时逐节点留痕）
+APPROVAL_ACTION_WITHDRAW = 4  # 撤回（业务重新提交时旧在途单注销）
+
+# 审批对象类型（approval_orders.order_type；2 为 ④ 月结预留）
+APPROVAL_TYPE_SECONDARY_ALLOCATION = 1
+APPROVAL_TYPE_MONTHLY_SETTLEMENT = 2
+
+
+class ApprovalOrder(Base, TimestampMixin):
+    """审批单：一张待审对象一条审批流（状态可流转，含 update_time）。"""
+
+    __tablename__ = "approval_orders"
+    __table_args__ = mysql_table_args(
+        "审批单表（营销后勤提交→财务复核→领导审核；开关关闭时自动通过留痕）",
+        Index("idx_approval_orders_type_status", "order_type", "status"),
+    )
+
+    id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True, comment="主键ID"
+    )
+    order_no: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+        String(32),
+        nullable=False,
+        unique=True,
+        comment="审批单号，自动生成 AP{YYYYMMDD}-{4位当日序号}",
+    )
+    order_type: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        TINYINT_TYPE, nullable=False, comment="审批对象类型：1二次分配方案 2月度结算（预留）"
+    )
+    ref_id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED,
+        comment="引用对象ID（order_type=1 时为 businesses.id；固化无外键，删除保护由服务层承担）",
+    )
+    refer_no: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+        String(32), nullable=False, comment="引用对象单号（冗余固化，列表页免联查）"
+    )
+    status: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        TINYINT_TYPE,
+        nullable=False,
+        server_default="1",
+        comment="审批状态：1待财务复核 2待领导审核 3已通过 4已驳回 5已撤回",
+    )
+    submitter_id: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED,
+        ForeignKey("users.id", ondelete="SET NULL"),
+        comment="提交人ID（账号删除后置空）",
+    )
+    submitter_name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+        String(64), nullable=False, comment="提交人用户名（冗余固化）"
+    )
+
+
+class ApprovalStep(Base):
+    """审批节点记录表（append-only）：每次动作只增不改，构成时间线。
+
+    不继承 TimestampMixin（留痕无更新语义，同 business_status_logs 先例）。
+    """
+
+    __tablename__ = "approval_steps"
+    __table_args__ = mysql_table_args(
+        "审批节点记录表（append-only；自动通过/撤回均有留痕）",
+        Index("idx_approval_steps_order_id", "order_id"),
+    )
+
+    id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True, comment="主键ID"
+    )
+    order_id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED,
+        ForeignKey("approval_orders.id", ondelete="CASCADE"),
+        nullable=False,
+        comment="审批单ID（approval_orders.id；单删记录随删）",
+    )
+    node: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        TINYINT_TYPE, nullable=False, comment="审批节点：0撤回留痕 1财务复核 2领导审核"
+    )
+    action: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        TINYINT_TYPE, nullable=False, comment="动作：1通过 2驳回 3自动通过 4撤回"
+    )
+    opinion: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(255), comment="审批意见（驳回时填写）")
+    operator_id: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED,
+        ForeignKey("users.id", ondelete="SET NULL"),
+        comment="操作人ID（自动通过/系统动作置空）",
+    )
+    operator_name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+        String(64), nullable=False, comment="操作人用户名（冗余固化；系统动作记「系统」）"
+    )
+    create_time: Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(
+        DateTime, nullable=False, server_default=text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"), comment="创建时间"
+    )

backend/app/models/base.py

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 
 from datetime import datetime
 
-from sqlalchemy import DateTime, MetaData, text
+from sqlalchemy import DateTime, MetaData, String, text
 from sqlalchemy.dialects.mysql import BIGINT, TINYINT
 from sqlalchemy.orm import DeclarativeBase, Mapped, mapped_column
 
@@ -28,7 +28,14 @@ BIGINT_UNSIGNED = BIGINT(unsigned=True)
 # 状态类字段统一用 TINYINT（0/1 或少量枚举值）
 TINYINT_TYPE = TINYINT
 
-__all__ = ["BIGINT_UNSIGNED", "TINYINT_TYPE", "Base", "TimestampMixin", "mysql_table_args"]
+__all__ = [
+    "BIGINT_UNSIGNED",
+    "TINYINT_TYPE",
+    "Base",
+    "TPlusSyncMixin",
+    "TimestampMixin",
+    "mysql_table_args",
+]
 
 
 class Base(DeclarativeBase):
@@ -62,6 +69,30 @@ class TimestampMixin:
     )
 
 
+class TPlusSyncMixin:
+    """T+（用友）数据同步预留列，六张业务主表共用。
+
+    对照表 #26：T+ 对接的字段映射与幂等键语义未定（IT 牵头），故四列全部
+    可空、不设唯一键 —— 键语义未定就锁死唯一约束，对接时大概率返工；
+    source_no 先建普通索引承担查询与去重，IT 定键后以小迁移升级唯一约束。
+
+    同步守则（M4 同步模块必须遵守）：同步只写 T+ 侧字段与本组列，
+    **不覆盖人工维护字段**（岗位/工资标准/归属/客户分类/业务状态等，
+    各表注释已标注）。同步频率：一周一次定时 + 手动触发（对照表 #10）。
+    """
+
+    source_no: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(
+        String(64),
+        index=True,
+        comment="T+ 原始单据号（同步幂等去重锚点；唯一键待 IT 定键后升级）",
+    )
+    t_plus_id: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(64), comment="T+ 系统内部标识")
+    sync_batch_no: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(
+        String(32), comment="同步批次号（同步模块写入）"
+    )
+    synced_at: Mapped[datetime | None] = mapped_column(DateTime, comment="最近同步时间")
+
+
 def mysql_table_args(comment: str, *extra: object) -> tuple[object, ...]:
     """构造 MySQL 表的公共参数，返回可直接赋给 `__table_args__` 的元组。
 

backend/app/models/business.py

@@ -0,0 +1,270 @@
+"""业务数据模型：业务单、产品明细与状态流转留痕。
+
+- 汇总冗余列（total_* 五列）由服务层在明细/发货/回款增删改时**事务内单点
+  重算**，禁手工直改 —— 列表页与 M3 起付判定直接读冗余列，避免每次 JOIN
+  聚合；代价是所有写路径必须重算（business_service 统一收口）
+- 毛利润相关值（毛利润额/毛利润率/折算毛利润额）**不落库**：它们是
+  sale_amount/cost_amount + 时点化阈值参数的派生值，落库会在成本调整或
+  参数改版后漂移出「假快照」；M2 以只读毛利润视图实时计算（复用
+  formula.profit_rate/converted_profit），M3 核算台账才是法定固化点
+- product_category 存在明细行级：混合业务按产品逐条计算（对照表 #14）
+- 运费仅记录展示，不计入毛利润口径（对照表 #2）；协助营销人员一期核算
+  不使用（对照表 #15 剔除协助 25% 分成），字段保留仅记录事实（需规 2.2.1）
+"""
+
+from datetime import date, datetime
+from decimal import Decimal
+
+from sqlalchemy import Date, DateTime, ForeignKey, Index, Numeric, String, text
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column
+
+from app.models.base import (
+    BIGINT_UNSIGNED,
+    TINYINT_TYPE,
+    Base,
+    TimestampMixin,
+    TPlusSyncMixin,
+    mysql_table_args,
+)
+
+# 业务状态（businesses.status，流转规则见 business_service：终态不可变更）
+BUSINESS_STATUS_ACTIVE = 1
+BUSINESS_STATUS_DONE = 2
+BUSINESS_STATUS_TERMINATED = 3
+
+
+class SecondaryAllocation(Base, TimestampMixin):
+    """二次分配方案明细表（2026-10-15 补充需求「二次分配方案」）。
+
+    口径（AI_CONTEXT 待澄清 #1/#2 未答复前的边界）：
+    - 只出现在合同刚建立时；修改在首次月结前留痕放行，月结后只读（月结在 ④，
+      终态门槛先行承担「修改不影响已结算月份」）
+    - 分配比例**不要求合计 100%**：余额归属未定（澄清 #2），存储只落参与人
+      与比例，响应以 hint 提示合计/余额，不做强制校验
+    - T+ 无二次分配数据（2026-10-15 回馈）：参与人全为系统内人工维护
+    - **分摊计算不在本期**（澄清 #1 分配标的三种口径结果不同）：④ 核算时按
+      核算时刻读「当前生效行」做快照，天然隔离历史版本，故无版本表
+
+    personnel 外键 **RESTRICT**：被方案引用的人员禁删——分摊金额待定的记录
+    不允许静默失联（silently deleted）导致回档无法人工查验；personnel_name
+    冗余固化，人离职后方案回显仍有名。uk 锁 (business_id, personnel_id)，
+    同一合同的同一参与人仅一行，重复提交在服务层聚合。
+    """
+
+    __tablename__ = "business_secondary_allocations"
+    __table_args__ = mysql_table_args(
+        # 表/列注释避开「%」字符：SHOW CREATE TABLE 经驱动参数化转义为「%%」，
+        # 会与 ORM 侧 comment 字面断言失配（全库既有注释同此惯例）
+        "业务二次分配方案明细表（合同建立时录入；比例不要求合计满额，余额归属待澄清）",
+        Index("idx_business_secondary_allocations_business_id", "business_id"),
+        Index("idx_business_secondary_allocations_personnel_id", "personnel_id"),
+    )
+
+    id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True, comment="主键ID"
+    )
+    business_id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED,
+        ForeignKey("businesses.id", ondelete="CASCADE"),
+        nullable=False,
+        comment="业务ID（businesses.id；业务删除随删）",
+    )
+    personnel_id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED,
+        ForeignKey("personnel.id", ondelete="RESTRICT"),
+        nullable=False,
+        comment="参与业务员ID（personnel.id；被方案引用禁删）",
+    )
+    personnel_name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+        String(64), nullable=False, comment="参与业务员姓名（冗余固化，离职后回显有名）"
+    )
+    ratio: Mapped[Decimal] = mapped_column(
+        Numeric(5, 2),
+        nullable=False,
+        comment="分摊比例（0-100 两位小数；不要求合计满额，余额归属待澄清#2）",
+    )
+
+
+class Business(Base, TimestampMixin, TPlusSyncMixin):
+    """业务表（需求 2.2.1）：业务编号自动生成，即报表 2.4.1 的「合同编号」。"""
+
+    __tablename__ = "businesses"
+    __table_args__ = mysql_table_args(
+        "业务表（业务编号自动生成；T+同步不覆盖业务状态）",
+        Index("idx_businesses_customer_id", "customer_id"),
+        Index("idx_businesses_owner_personnel_id", "owner_personnel_id"),
+        Index("idx_businesses_status", "status"),
+        Index("idx_businesses_business_date", "business_date"),
+    )
+
+    id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True, comment="主键ID"
+    )
+    business_no: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+        String(32),
+        nullable=False,
+        unique=True,
+        comment="业务编号，自动生成 YW{YYYYMMDD}-{4位当日序号}（报表合同编号）",
+    )
+    customer_id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED,
+        ForeignKey("customers.id", ondelete="RESTRICT"),
+        nullable=False,
+        comment="客户ID（customers.id）",
+    )
+    business_date: Mapped[date | None] = mapped_column(Date, comment="业务日期（T+ 同步口径）")
+    status: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        TINYINT_TYPE,
+        nullable=False,
+        server_default="1",
+        comment="业务状态：1执行中 2已完成 3已终止（终态不可变更；T+同步不覆盖）",
+    )
+    owner_personnel_id: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED,
+        ForeignKey("personnel.id", ondelete="RESTRICT"),
+        comment="负责营销人员ID（核算归属锚点；NULL=待指定，M3 核算前置校验非空；变更留痕不回溯）",
+    )
+    assistant_personnel_id: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED,
+        ForeignKey("personnel.id", ondelete="RESTRICT"),
+        comment="协助营销人员ID（一期核算不使用，对照表 #15；仅记录事实）",
+    )
+    is_special: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        TINYINT_TYPE,
+        nullable=False,
+        server_default="0",
+        comment="特殊业务标记：1是 0否（公司参与等）",
+    )
+    special_note: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(255), comment="特殊业务说明")
+    total_sale_amount: Mapped[Decimal | None] = mapped_column(
+        Numeric(14, 2),
+        server_default="0",
+        comment="销售额合计（明细行汇总冗余，服务层事务内维护，禁手工直改；不含运费口径）",
+    )
+    total_cost_amount: Mapped[Decimal | None] = mapped_column(
+        Numeric(14, 2),
+        server_default="0",
+        comment="成本合计（明细行汇总冗余，服务层事务内维护，禁手工直改）",
+    )
+    total_ship_amount: Mapped[Decimal | None] = mapped_column(
+        Numeric(14, 2),
+        server_default="0",
+        comment="发货金额合计（发货明细汇总冗余，服务层事务内维护，禁手工直改）",
+    )
+    total_received_amount: Mapped[Decimal | None] = mapped_column(
+        Numeric(14, 2),
+        server_default="0",
+        comment="回款合计（回款记录汇总冗余，服务层事务内维护；M3 起付判定直接消费）",
+    )
+    total_freight_amount: Mapped[Decimal | None] = mapped_column(
+        Numeric(14, 2),
+        server_default="0",
+        comment="运费合计（发货单汇总冗余，仅记录展示；不计入毛利润口径，对照表 #2）",
+    )
+    remark: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(255), comment="备注")
+
+
+class BusinessItem(Base, TimestampMixin):
+    """业务产品明细表（需求 2.2.1/2.2.4）：毛利润的行级源数据。
+
+    product_id 可空=自由录入产品（配合「数据提取」一键入产品库）；
+    产品名称/规格冗余固化，防产品改名影响历史业务。
+    sale_amount 由服务层按 数量×单价 计算固化，不信任前端传值。
+    cost_amount 来源待 T+ 对接确认（可空，人工可录先行）。
+    """
+
+    __tablename__ = "business_items"
+    __table_args__ = mysql_table_args(
+        "业务产品明细表（毛利润行级源数据；指导价 T+同步不覆盖）",
+        Index("idx_business_items_business_id", "business_id"),
+        Index("idx_business_items_product_id", "product_id"),
+        Index("idx_business_items_product_category", "product_category"),
+    )
+
+    id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True, comment="主键ID"
+    )
+    business_id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED,
+        ForeignKey("businesses.id", ondelete="RESTRICT"),
+        nullable=False,
+        comment="业务ID（businesses.id）",
+    )
+    product_id: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED,
+        ForeignKey("products.id", ondelete="RESTRICT"),
+        comment="产品ID（products.id；NULL=自由录入，未入产品库）",
+    )
+    product_name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+        String(128), nullable=False, comment="产品名称（引用产品时冗余固化）"
+    )
+    spec_model: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+        String(128),
+        nullable=False,
+        server_default="''",
+        comment="规格型号（冗余固化；空串对齐 products 组合唯一键口径）",
+    )
+    unit: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(16), comment="计量单位")
+    product_category: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+        String(32),
+        nullable=False,
+        comment="产品类别（行级折算锚点，混合业务按产品逐条计算，对照表 #14；值域同 PRODUCT_CATEGORIES）",
+    )
+    quantity: Mapped[Decimal] = mapped_column(Numeric(14, 2), nullable=False, comment="数量（>0）")
+    sale_price: Mapped[Decimal | None] = mapped_column(
+        Numeric(14, 4), comment="销售单价（元；T+ 同步或人工）"
+    )
+    sale_amount: Mapped[Decimal] = mapped_column(
+        Numeric(14, 2),
+        nullable=False,
+        comment="销售额 = 数量×销售单价（服务层计算固化；不含运费口径，毛利润率分母）",
+    )
+    cost_amount: Mapped[Decimal | None] = mapped_column(
+        Numeric(14, 2),
+        comment="成本额（T+ 同步或人工录入，来源待 T+ 确认；毛利润额 = 销售额 − 成本额）",
+    )
+    guided_price: Mapped[Decimal | None] = mapped_column(
+        Numeric(14, 4), comment="指导价（人工录入；T+同步不覆盖，需规 2.2.1/2.2.4）"
+    )
+    remark: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(255), comment="备注")
+
+
+class BusinessStatusLog(Base):
+    """业务状态变更记录表（append-only，需求 2.2.1「支持状态变更记录」）。
+
+    不继承 TimestampMixin（留痕无更新语义）；business_id 为无外键的固化 ID
+    （businesses 建表在本表之后的迁移批次内 —— 实为同批，但留痕统一口径：
+    被引用方删除后记录仍完整可读，删除保护由服务层检查承担）。
+    首条记录在业务创建时写入（old=new=1 执行中），详情页时间线从创建起展示。
+    """
+
+    __tablename__ = "business_status_logs"
+    __table_args__ = mysql_table_args(
+        "业务状态变更记录表（append-only）",
+        Index("idx_business_status_logs_business_id", "business_id"),
+        Index("idx_business_status_logs_create_time", "create_time"),
+    )
+
+    id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True, comment="主键ID"
+    )
+    business_id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED,
+        comment="业务ID（固化，无外键；删除保护由服务层承担）",
+    )
+    old_status: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        TINYINT_TYPE, nullable=False, comment="变更前状态（创建首条为 1）"
+    )
+    new_status: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(TINYINT_TYPE, nullable=False, comment="变更后状态")
+    change_reason: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(255), comment="变更原因（终止时必填）")
+    operator_id: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED,
+        ForeignKey("users.id", ondelete="SET NULL"),
+        comment="操作人ID（账号删除后置空）",
+    )
+    operator_name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+        String(64), nullable=False, comment="操作人用户名（冗余固化）"
+    )
+    create_time: Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(
+        DateTime, nullable=False, server_default=text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"), comment="创建时间"
+    )

backend/app/models/business_role.py

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+"""业务岗位角色模型。
+
+与系统登录角色（`roles`，权限维度）严格区分：本表是**业务岗位**维度，
+决定人员适用的计提公式模板与参数。需求 #28 要求岗位角色可增删、
+新增岗位时在系统设置中绑定公式与参数（无需改代码），故模板编码
+存于本表、公式实现留在代码内注册表（一期不引入规则引擎）。
+"""
+
+from sqlalchemy import Integer, String
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column
+
+from app.models.base import BIGINT_UNSIGNED, TINYINT_TYPE, Base, TimestampMixin, mysql_table_args
+
+
+class BusinessRole(Base, TimestampMixin):
+    """业务岗位角色表。内置三个岗位（营销员/营销经理/信息员）随迁移初始化。"""
+
+    __tablename__ = "business_roles"
+    __table_args__ = mysql_table_args("业务岗位角色表（与登录角色roles区分，决定计提公式与参数）")
+
+    id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True, comment="主键ID"
+    )
+    role_code: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+        String(32),
+        nullable=False,
+        unique=True,
+        comment="岗位编码：salesperson营销员 sales_manager营销经理 info_officer信息员，创建后不可修改",
+    )
+    role_name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(64), nullable=False, comment="岗位名称")
+    calc_template: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+        String(32), nullable=False, comment="计提公式模板编码（以代码内模板注册表为准）"
+    )
+    description: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(255), comment="岗位说明")
+    sort_order: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        Integer, nullable=False, server_default="0", comment="显示排序"
+    )
+    status: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        TINYINT_TYPE, nullable=False, server_default="1", comment="状态：1启用 0禁用"
+    )
+    is_builtin: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        TINYINT_TYPE,
+        nullable=False,
+        server_default="0",
+        comment="是否内置岗位：1内置（禁删禁停） 0自定义",
+    )

backend/app/models/customer.py

@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+"""客户模型：客户档案与归属变更留痕。
+
+- 「公司名称 + 负责人」是业务唯一标识（需规 2.1.3）；负责人是客户公司的
+  负责人**人名**（字符串），不是系统内的营销人员 —— 系统内归属另用
+  owner_personnel_id 外键表达，两者语义不同
+- 归属变更只改主表当前值 + 插一条留痕，**不回溯历史**（对照表 #19）：
+  历史核算结果在 M3 台账已固化，无需 effective_date 时点化设计
+- 留痕表（OwnershipChangeLog）对客户/业务/人员 ID 均为**无外键的冗余固化**：
+  留痕是历史记录，被引用方被删除后记录仍须完整可读；RESTRICT 外键反而会
+  把「删除客户」逼成 500。业务实体删除保护由服务层检查承担
+"""
+
+from datetime import datetime
+
+from sqlalchemy import DateTime, ForeignKey, Index, String, UniqueConstraint, text
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column
+
+from app.models.base import (
+    BIGINT_UNSIGNED,
+    TINYINT_TYPE,
+    Base,
+    TimestampMixin,
+    TPlusSyncMixin,
+    mysql_table_args,
+)
+
+# 归属类型（ownership_change_logs.owner_type）
+OWNER_TYPE_CUSTOMER = 1
+OWNER_TYPE_BUSINESS = 2
+
+
+class Customer(Base, TimestampMixin, TPlusSyncMixin):
+    """客户表（需求 2.1.3）。customer_type 是计提规则匹配锚点（M3 消费）。"""
+
+    __tablename__ = "customers"
+    __table_args__ = mysql_table_args(
+        "客户表（公司名称+负责人为业务唯一标识；T+同步不覆盖客户分类）",
+        UniqueConstraint("company_name", "owner_name", name="uk_customers_company_owner"),
+    )
+
+    id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True, comment="主键ID"
+    )
+    company_name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(128), nullable=False, comment="公司名称")
+    owner_name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+        String(64), nullable=False, comment="客户负责人姓名（客户公司负责人的人名，非系统人员）"
+    )
+    contact_person: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(64), comment="联系人")
+    contact_phone: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(20), comment="联系电话")
+    address: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(255), comment="地址")
+    industry: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(64), comment="所属行业（自由文本）")
+    customer_type: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+        String(32),
+        nullable=False,
+        server_default="personal",
+        index=True,
+        comment="客户分类：personal个人户 manager_personal经理个人户 enterprise企业户（计提规则匹配锚点；T+同步不覆盖）",
+    )
+    owner_personnel_id: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED,
+        ForeignKey("personnel.id", ondelete="RESTRICT"),
+        index=True,
+        comment="归属负责营销人员ID（手动修改不回溯历史，变更留痕见 ownership_change_logs）",
+    )
+    remark: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(255), comment="备注")
+
+
+class OwnershipChangeLog(Base):
+    """归属变更记录表（append-only，需求 2.1.3 + 对照表 #19）。
+
+    owner_type 区分客户归属/业务归属：1 → customer_id 非空，2 → business_id
+    非空，由应用层校验（无外键，见模块 docstring 的固化论证）。
+    前后值冗余固化（无外键）：人员被删除后留痕仍可读。
+    """
+
+    __tablename__ = "ownership_change_logs"
+    __table_args__ = mysql_table_args(
+        "归属变更记录表（append-only；客户/业务归属变更留痕，不回溯历史）",
+        Index("idx_ownership_change_logs_customer_id", "customer_id"),
+        Index("idx_ownership_change_logs_business_id", "business_id"),
+        Index("idx_ownership_change_logs_create_time", "create_time"),
+    )
+
+    id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True, comment="主键ID"
+    )
+    owner_type: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        TINYINT_TYPE, nullable=False, comment="归属类型：1客户归属 2业务归属"
+    )
+    customer_id: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED,
+        comment="客户ID（固化，owner_type=1 时非空）",
+    )
+    business_id: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED,
+        comment="业务ID（固化，owner_type=2 时非空）",
+    )
+    old_owner_personnel_id: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED, comment="变更前负责营销人员ID（固化）"
+    )
+    new_owner_personnel_id: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED, comment="变更后负责营销人员ID（固化）"
+    )
+    old_assistant_personnel_id: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED, comment="变更前协助营销人员ID（固化，仅业务归属使用）"
+    )
+    new_assistant_personnel_id: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED, comment="变更后协助营销人员ID（固化，仅业务归属使用）"
+    )
+    change_reason: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(255), comment="变更原因")
+    operator_id: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED,
+        ForeignKey("users.id", ondelete="SET NULL"),
+        comment="操作人ID（账号删除后置空）",
+    )
+    operator_name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+        String(64), nullable=False, comment="操作人用户名（冗余固化）"
+    )
+    create_time: Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(
+        DateTime, nullable=False, server_default=text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"), comment="创建时间"
+    )

backend/app/models/param.py

@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+"""计提参数模型：定义、变更批次与版本条目。
+
+存储设计（M1 评审定稿）：
+- 参数值按**生效日期时点化**存储（逐项版本条目，append-only），核算按业务
+  日期回溯取值（对照表 #11：按回款到账日匹配参数版本），禁读「当前值」算历史
+- 「版本」由变更批次承载：一次保存 = 一个批次 = 一条变更记录；条目逐项留痕
+  （旧值/新值），满足 #28 版本管理与留痕（需规 2.3.1 四）
+- 值一律为 Fraction 可解析字符串（如 "4/360"，禁 0.011111），解析不经 float
+- **不设 (param_id, dimension_value, effective_date) 唯一键**：同日多次修正
+  是合法留痕，解析取 (effective_date, id) 最新一条；唯一键会把同日二次变更
+  逼成覆盖写、丢失中间值
+- 批次与条目均为 append-only（仅 create_time、无 update_time，同 login_logs
+  先例）：带 ON UPDATE 的列会让「未改也被刷新」造成留痕假象
+"""
+
+from datetime import date, datetime
+
+from sqlalchemy import Date, DateTime, ForeignKey, Index, Integer, String, text
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column
+
+from app.models.base import BIGINT_UNSIGNED, TINYINT_TYPE, Base, TimestampMixin, mysql_table_args
+
+
+class ParamDefinition(Base, TimestampMixin):
+    """计提参数定义表。目录元数据（类型/单位/维度/取值域），随迁移种子初始化。"""
+
+    __tablename__ = "param_definitions"
+    __table_args__ = mysql_table_args("计提参数定义表")
+
+    id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True, comment="主键ID"
+    )
+    param_code: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+        String(64), nullable=False, unique=True, comment="参数编码，如 salesperson.rate.slope"
+    )
+    param_name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(64), nullable=False, comment="参数名称")
+    param_group: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+        String(32),
+        nullable=False,
+        comment="参数分组：业务员个人户/经理分成/企业户/信息员/支付环节/产品阈值/月工资口径",
+    )
+    value_type: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+        String(16), nullable=False, comment="值类型：DECIMAL/INT/BOOL/ENUM/TEXT"
+    )
+    unit: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(16), comment="展示单位：‰/%/元/天，无单位为空")
+    dimension_type: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+        String(32),
+        nullable=False,
+        server_default="NONE",
+        comment="维度类型：NONE/PRODUCT_CATEGORY/BUSINESS_ROLE",
+    )
+    options_text: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(
+        String(255), comment="枚举选项（竖线分隔），仅 ENUM 使用"
+    )
+    default_value: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(
+        String(64), comment="系统默认值（Fraction 可解析字符串）"
+    )
+    value_min: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(64), comment="取值下限（含），校验用")
+    value_max: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(64), comment="取值上限（含），校验用")
+    description: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(255), comment="口径说明（配置页展示）")
+    sort_order: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        Integer, nullable=False, server_default="0", comment="显示排序"
+    )
+    status: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        TINYINT_TYPE, nullable=False, server_default="1", comment="状态：1启用 0停用"
+    )
+
+
+class ParamChangeBatch(Base):
+    """参数变更批次表（append-only）。
+
+    一次提交 = 一个批次；版本号（如 P20261012-01）供对比与追溯引用。
+    未生效批次可整批撤回（删批次与条目）；已生效条目禁改禁删。
+    """
+
+    __tablename__ = "param_change_batches"
+    __table_args__ = mysql_table_args("参数变更批次表")
+
+    id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True, comment="主键ID"
+    )
+    version_no: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+        String(32), nullable=False, unique=True, comment="版本号，如 P20261012-01"
+    )
+    effective_date: Mapped[date] = mapped_column(
+        Date, nullable=False, comment="生效日期（业务日期口径）"
+    )
+    change_type: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        TINYINT_TYPE, nullable=False, comment="生效方式：1立即生效 2指定日期生效"
+    )
+    remark: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(255), comment="变更说明")
+    operator_id: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED,
+        ForeignKey("users.id", ondelete="SET NULL"),
+        comment="操作人ID（账号删除后置空）",
+    )
+    operator_name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+        String(64), nullable=False, comment="操作人用户名（冗余固化）"
+    )
+    item_count: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        Integer, nullable=False, server_default="0", comment="变更参数项数"
+    )
+    create_time: Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(
+        DateTime, nullable=False, server_default=text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"), comment="创建时间"
+    )
+
+
+class ParamValue(Base):
+    """参数版本条目表（append-only）。
+
+    解析规则：按 (param_id, dimension_value) 取 effective_date <= 业务日期 的
+    ORDER BY effective_date DESC, id DESC 首条（同日多次变更取最新）。
+    dimension_value 用空串而非 NULL：MySQL 组合索引对 NULL 不去重，空串语义更稳。
+    """
+
+    __tablename__ = "param_values"
+    __table_args__ = mysql_table_args(
+        "参数版本条目表（append-only，按生效日期时点化取值）",
+        Index(
+            "idx_param_values_param_id_dimension_value_effective_date",
+            "param_id",
+            "dimension_value",
+            "effective_date",
+        ),
+        Index("idx_param_values_effective_date", "effective_date"),
+        Index("idx_param_values_batch_id", "batch_id"),
+    )
+
+    id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True, comment="主键ID"
+    )
+    param_id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED,
+        ForeignKey("param_definitions.id", ondelete="RESTRICT"),
+        nullable=False,
+        comment="参数定义ID（param_definitions.id）",
+    )
+    dimension_value: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+        String(32),
+        nullable=False,
+        server_default=text("''"),
+        comment="维度取值：NONE维度为空串；产品类别/岗位编码为具体值",
+    )
+    effective_date: Mapped[date] = mapped_column(
+        Date, nullable=False, comment="生效日期（按业务日期时点化取值）"
+    )
+    value_text: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+        String(64), nullable=False, comment="参数值（Fraction 可解析字符串/枚举码/开关）"
+    )
+    old_value_text: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(64), comment="变更前值（留痕）")
+    batch_id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED,
+        ForeignKey("param_change_batches.id", ondelete="RESTRICT"),
+        nullable=False,
+        comment="变更批次ID（param_change_batches.id）",
+    )
+    create_time: Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(
+        DateTime, nullable=False, server_default=text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"), comment="创建时间"
+    )

backend/app/models/personnel.py

@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+"""营销人员模型：人员档案、产品辐射区域与市场拓展计划。
+
+- 岗位（business_role_id）决定计提公式模板，与工资标准同属「同步不覆盖」的
+  人工维护字段（对照表 #26 落地口径，表注释标注供 M4 同步模块遵守）
+- manager_id 自引用表达「经理带团队」：NULL=经理本人或未分配；M3 经理
+  12.5% 聚合、M4 部门汇总均按该关系展开，无需独立团队表
+- 一期营销人员不登录系统，不与 users 关联；若后续开放自助查工资再加列
+"""
+
+from datetime import date
+from decimal import Decimal
+
+from sqlalchemy import Date, ForeignKey, Numeric, String
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column
+
+from app.models.base import (
+    BIGINT_UNSIGNED,
+    TINYINT_TYPE,
+    Base,
+    TimestampMixin,
+    TPlusSyncMixin,
+    mysql_table_args,
+)
+
+# personnel.status 的在职值（对照 BUSINESS_STATUS_* 集中在 models/business.py
+# 的先例：状态语义单点导出，业务/客户两侧的归属校验共用，防魔数各自漂移）
+PERSONNEL_STATUS_ACTIVE = 1
+
+
+class Personnel(Base, TimestampMixin, TPlusSyncMixin):
+    """营销人员表（需求 2.1.1）。
+
+    表名 personnel 为集合名词（单复数同形），本身即复数语义。
+    试用期人员绩效照算不发放（对照表 #17），is_probation 供 M3 区分。
+    """
+
+    __tablename__ = "personnel"
+    __table_args__ = mysql_table_args("营销人员表（T+同步不覆盖岗位与工资标准）")
+
+    id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True, comment="主键ID"
+    )
+    personnel_name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(64), nullable=False, comment="姓名")
+    business_role_id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED,
+        ForeignKey("business_roles.id", ondelete="RESTRICT"),
+        nullable=False,
+        index=True,
+        comment="岗位角色ID（决定计提公式模板；T+同步不覆盖）",
+    )
+    manager_id: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED,
+        ForeignKey("personnel.id", ondelete="RESTRICT"),
+        index=True,
+        comment="直属营销经理ID（NULL=经理本人或未分配；团队成员关系锚点）",
+    )
+    phone: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(20), comment="联系电话")
+    hire_date: Mapped[date | None] = mapped_column(Date, comment="入职日期")
+    is_probation: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        TINYINT_TYPE,
+        nullable=False,
+        server_default="0",
+        comment="是否试用期：1是 0否（试用期绩效照算不发放）",
+    )
+    salary_standard: Mapped[Decimal | None] = mapped_column(
+        Numeric(12, 2), comment="月工资标准（元；T+同步不覆盖）"
+    )
+    status: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        TINYINT_TYPE,
+        nullable=False,
+        server_default="1",
+        comment="状态：1在职 0离职（离职人员不可再被业务/客户归属引用）",
+    )
+    remark: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(255), comment="备注")
+
+
+class PersonnelRegion(Base, TimestampMixin):
+    """产品辐射区域表（需求 2.1.1）：人员负责的产品辐射地理范围，1:N 子表。
+
+    随人员编辑整表替换维护，无独立管理诉求，故不加 T+ 预留列。
+    """
+
+    __tablename__ = "personnel_regions"
+    __table_args__ = mysql_table_args("产品辐射区域表")
+
+    id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True, comment="主键ID"
+    )
+    personnel_id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED,
+        ForeignKey("personnel.id", ondelete="RESTRICT"),
+        nullable=False,
+        index=True,
+        comment="人员ID（personnel.id）",
+    )
+    region_name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+        String(128), nullable=False, comment="区域名称（产品辐射地理范围）"
+    )
+    remark: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(255), comment="备注")
+
+
+class PersonnelPlan(Base, TimestampMixin):
+    """市场拓展计划表（需求 2.1.1）：计划期间 + 计划内容 + 指标说明的自由条目。
+
+    结构化指标粒度待 T+ 字段映射确认，先以自由条目容器落地；条目最终由
+    T+ 同步确定，故预留 source_no 单列（无索引：查询按 personnel_id 走）。
+    """
+
+    __tablename__ = "personnel_plans"
+    __table_args__ = mysql_table_args("市场拓展计划表")
+
+    id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True, comment="主键ID"
+    )
+    personnel_id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED,
+        ForeignKey("personnel.id", ondelete="RESTRICT"),
+        nullable=False,
+        index=True,
+        comment="人员ID（personnel.id）",
+    )
+    plan_period: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+        String(32), nullable=False, comment="计划期间（如 2026Q1、2026-05）"
+    )
+    plan_content: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(500), nullable=False, comment="计划内容")
+    target_desc: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(255), comment="指标说明（文字描述）")
+    source_no: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(64), comment="T+ 原始条目号（预留）")

backend/app/models/product.py

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+"""产品模型：产品主数据。
+
+产品类别（product_category）是**折算阈值的行级锚点**：混合业务按产品逐条
+计算（对照表 #14），阈值本身由 M1 参数 `product.threshold` 按 PRODUCT_CATEGORY
+维度承担（#28「全部阈值统一在系统设置维护」），本表不建阈值列 —— 两处维护
+必然漂移。类别值域与 M1 参数维度共用 PRODUCT_CATEGORIES 常量。
+"""
+
+from decimal import Decimal
+
+from sqlalchemy import Numeric, String, UniqueConstraint
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column
+
+from app.models.base import (
+    BIGINT_UNSIGNED,
+    TINYINT_TYPE,
+    Base,
+    TimestampMixin,
+    TPlusSyncMixin,
+    mysql_table_args,
+)
+
+
+class Product(Base, TimestampMixin, TPlusSyncMixin):
+    """产品表（需求 2.1.2）。停用（status=0）为主，不物理删除。"""
+
+    __tablename__ = "products"
+    __table_args__ = mysql_table_args(
+        "产品表（类别锚定折算阈值参数；T+同步不覆盖产品类别）",
+        UniqueConstraint("product_name", "spec_model", name="uk_products_name_spec"),
+    )
+
+    id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True, comment="主键ID"
+    )
+    product_name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(128), nullable=False, comment="产品名称")
+    spec_model: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+        String(128),
+        nullable=False,
+        server_default="''",
+        comment="规格型号（空串而非 NULL：参与组合唯一键，MySQL 组合索引对 NULL 不去重）",
+    )
+    unit: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(16), comment="计量单位")
+    stock_quantity: Mapped[Decimal | None] = mapped_column(
+        Numeric(14, 2), comment="数量（T+ 同步原样存储，语义待 IT 确认）"
+    )
+    sale_price: Mapped[Decimal | None] = mapped_column(
+        Numeric(14, 4), comment="销售单价（元，T+ 同步）"
+    )
+    product_category: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+        String(32),
+        nullable=False,
+        comment="产品类别：municipal_water市政水利 rail_transit轨道交通（决定折算阈值 30%/20%；T+同步不覆盖）",
+    )
+    status: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        TINYINT_TYPE, nullable=False, server_default="1", comment="状态：1启用 0停用"
+    )
+    remark: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(255), comment="备注")

backend/app/models/rating.py

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+"""客户评级等级配置模型（需求 2.2.5）。
+
+评级计算器定位为「仅打分工具，不影响绩效金额」（对照表 #25）：评分记录
+不落库，等级**映射关系**可配置由本表承载。判定规则：按 sort_order 升序取
+第一个 min_score ≤ 总分的等级 —— 单边判定避免区间边界（如 75 分）在
+「≥75 且 ≤89」与「>74 且 <75」两套写法间的重叠/遗漏歧义；max_score 仅展示。
+"""
+
+from decimal import Decimal
+
+from sqlalchemy import Integer, Numeric, String
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column
+
+from app.models.base import BIGINT_UNSIGNED, Base, TimestampMixin, mysql_table_args
+
+
+class CustomerRatingGrade(Base, TimestampMixin):
+    """客户评级等级配置表（需求 2.2.5「等级对应关系可配置」）。
+
+    种子四条随迁移初始化：A 优秀 90-100 / B 良好 75-89 / C 合格 60-74 /
+    D 待改进 0-59。区间不重叠与 0≤min≤max≤100 由应用层校验。
+    """
+
+    __tablename__ = "customer_rating_grades"
+    __table_args__ = mysql_table_args(
+        "客户评级等级配置表（等级映射可配置；判定按 sort_order 升序首个 min_score≤总分）"
+    )
+
+    id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True, comment="主键ID"
+    )
+    grade_name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+        String(32), nullable=False, unique=True, comment="等级名称（如 A/优秀）"
+    )
+    min_score: Mapped[Decimal] = mapped_column(
+        Numeric(5, 1),
+        nullable=False,
+        comment="总分下限（含）；判定=按 sort_order 升序首个 min_score ≤ 总分",
+    )
+    max_score: Mapped[Decimal] = mapped_column(
+        Numeric(5, 1), nullable=False, comment="总分上限（展示用）"
+    )
+    sort_order: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        Integer, nullable=False, server_default="0", comment="排序（判定顺序，升序）"
+    )
+    remark: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(255), comment="说明")

backend/app/models/receipt.py

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+"""回款模型：回款记录与批次追溯。
+
+- shipment_id 为**手动指定**的发货批次（对照表 #18）：可空=暂未指定；
+  必须与 business_id 同属一个业务（服务层强校验，无数据库级约束可表达
+  跨表同属关系）；指定后回款天数方可由 formula.payment_days 派生
+- settlement_status 是 **M3 核算防重锚点**（需规 2.3.3「每笔回款仅核算一次，
+  台账记录核销状态」）：预置于本表避免 M3 反向迁移改 M2 表；M3 台账建立后
+  由核算服务写入，M2 仅维护 0（未核算）
+- receipt_date 是 M3 参数版本匹配日（对照表 #11：按回款到账日取时点参数）
+- 一期禁负数金额（≥0）：红字/退款冲销需求出现时先补设计再放开
+"""
+
+from datetime import date
+from decimal import Decimal
+
+from sqlalchemy import Date, ForeignKey, Index, Numeric, String
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column
+
+from app.models.base import (
+    BIGINT_UNSIGNED,
+    TINYINT_TYPE,
+    Base,
+    TimestampMixin,
+    TPlusSyncMixin,
+    mysql_table_args,
+)
+
+# 绩效核算状态（receipts.settlement_status）
+SETTLEMENT_PENDING = 0
+SETTLEMENT_DONE = 1
+
+
+class Receipt(Base, TimestampMixin, TPlusSyncMixin):
+    """回款表（需求 2.2.3）：按业务登记到账款项，批次号系统内唯一。"""
+
+    __tablename__ = "receipts"
+    __table_args__ = mysql_table_args(
+        "回款表（手动指定发货批次；已核算回款禁改禁删）",
+        Index("idx_receipts_business_id", "business_id"),
+        Index("idx_receipts_receipt_date", "receipt_date"),
+        Index("idx_receipts_settlement_status", "settlement_status"),
+        Index("idx_receipts_shipment_id", "shipment_id"),
+    )
+
+    id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True, comment="主键ID"
+    )
+    receipt_batch_no: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+        String(32),
+        nullable=False,
+        unique=True,
+        comment="回款批次号，自动生成 HK{YYYYMMDD}-{4位当日序号}（系统内唯一；T+ 同步回款以 source_no 幂等）",
+    )
+    business_id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED,
+        ForeignKey("businesses.id", ondelete="RESTRICT"),
+        nullable=False,
+        comment="业务ID（businesses.id）",
+    )
+    shipment_id: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED,
+        ForeignKey("shipments.id", ondelete="RESTRICT"),
+        comment="发货单ID（shipments.id；手动指定的回款对应批次，须与本行业务一致；NULL=暂未指定）",
+    )
+    receipt_date: Mapped[date] = mapped_column(
+        Date, nullable=False, comment="回款到账日（M3 按此日匹配参数版本，对照表 #11）"
+    )
+    amount: Mapped[Decimal] = mapped_column(
+        Numeric(14, 2), nullable=False, comment="回款金额（≥0；一期禁负数/红字）"
+    )
+    is_barter: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        TINYINT_TYPE,
+        nullable=False,
+        server_default="0",
+        comment="以物抵顶标记：1是 0否（M3 核算按应发绩效×barter.discount 折算，M2 仅标记）",
+    )
+    settlement_status: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        TINYINT_TYPE,
+        nullable=False,
+        server_default="0",
+        comment="绩效核算状态：0未核算 1已核算（M3 核算防重锚点；已核算回款禁改禁删）",
+    )
+    remark: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(255), comment="备注")

backend/app/models/shipment.py

@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+"""发货模型：发货单与发货产品明细。
+
+- ship_date 是**回款天数计算基准日**（对照表 #1：发货日首日计第 1 天），
+  回款指定本发货单后由 formula.payment_days 派生回款天数，不在本表落库
+- 运费仅记录展示，不计入毛利润口径（对照表 #2）
+- total_amount 为明细行汇总冗余，服务层事务内维护
+"""
+
+from datetime import date
+from decimal import Decimal
+
+from sqlalchemy import Date, ForeignKey, Index, Numeric, String
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column
+
+from app.models.base import (
+    BIGINT_UNSIGNED,
+    Base,
+    TimestampMixin,
+    TPlusSyncMixin,
+    mysql_table_args,
+)
+
+
+class Shipment(Base, TimestampMixin, TPlusSyncMixin):
+    """发货单表（需求 2.2.2）：每笔发货对应一个业务，支持分批发货。"""
+
+    __tablename__ = "shipments"
+    __table_args__ = mysql_table_args(
+        "发货单表（发货日为回款天数基准日，发货日首日计第 1 天）",
+        Index("idx_shipments_business_id", "business_id"),
+        Index("idx_shipments_ship_date", "ship_date"),
+    )
+
+    id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True, comment="主键ID"
+    )
+    shipment_no: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+        String(32),
+        nullable=False,
+        unique=True,
+        comment="发货单号，自动生成 SH{YYYYMMDD}-{4位当日序号}（内部追溯用）",
+    )
+    business_id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED,
+        ForeignKey("businesses.id", ondelete="RESTRICT"),
+        nullable=False,
+        comment="业务ID（businesses.id；终态业务禁止新发货）",
+    )
+    ship_date: Mapped[date] = mapped_column(
+        Date, nullable=False, comment="发货日期（回款天数基准日，发货日首日=第 1 天）"
+    )
+    freight_amount: Mapped[Decimal] = mapped_column(
+        Numeric(14, 2),
+        nullable=False,
+        server_default="0",
+        comment="运费金额（仅记录展示；不计入毛利润口径，对照表 #2）",
+    )
+    total_amount: Mapped[Decimal] = mapped_column(
+        Numeric(14, 2),
+        nullable=False,
+        server_default="0",
+        comment="发货总金额（明细行汇总冗余，服务层事务内维护，禁手工直改）",
+    )
+    remark: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(255), comment="备注")
+
+
+class ShipmentItem(Base, TimestampMixin):
+    """发货产品明细表（需求 2.2.2）：记录发货的产品名称、规格、数量等。
+
+    价格口径两可（T+ 供价或人工录入，待 IT 确认）：sale_price 可空人工补，
+    amount 由服务层按 数量×单价 计算固化。
+    """
+
+    __tablename__ = "shipment_items"
+    __table_args__ = mysql_table_args(
+        "发货产品明细表",
+        Index("idx_shipment_items_shipment_id", "shipment_id"),
+        Index("idx_shipment_items_product_id", "product_id"),
+    )
+
+    id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True, comment="主键ID"
+    )
+    shipment_id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED,
+        ForeignKey("shipments.id", ondelete="RESTRICT"),
+        nullable=False,
+        comment="发货单ID（shipments.id）",
+    )
+    product_id: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED,
+        ForeignKey("products.id", ondelete="RESTRICT"),
+        comment="产品ID（products.id；NULL=自由录入）",
+    )
+    product_name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+        String(128), nullable=False, comment="产品名称（引用产品时冗余固化）"
+    )
+    spec_model: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+        String(128),
+        nullable=False,
+        server_default="''",
+        comment="规格型号（冗余固化；空串对齐 products 组合唯一键口径）",
+    )
+    unit: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(16), comment="计量单位")
+    quantity: Mapped[Decimal] = mapped_column(
+        Numeric(14, 2), nullable=False, comment="发货数量（>0）"
+    )
+    sale_price: Mapped[Decimal | None] = mapped_column(
+        Numeric(14, 4), comment="发货单价（元；T+ 同步或人工，口径待 IT 确认）"
+    )
+    amount: Mapped[Decimal] = mapped_column(
+        Numeric(14, 2),
+        nullable=False,
+        comment="行金额 = 数量×单价（服务层计算固化，不信任前端传值）",
+    )

backend/app/models/system_setting.py

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+"""系统设置模型：公司信息单例行。
+
+与 M1 计提参数体系刻意分离：公司名称/logo 是「展示事实」，没有按生效日期
+时点化演算的语义（参数体系按 effective_date 取值快照），且参数值列
+value_text 为 String(64) 装不下；故独立单行表。logo 只存相对路径——文件在
+`backend/uploads/logo/`，独立于数据库备份体积且可单独替换（见
+system_setting_service）。整个系统恒为单行（迁移种子 id=1 保底，upsert 维护）。
+"""
+
+from sqlalchemy import String
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column
+
+from app.models.base import BIGINT_UNSIGNED, Base, TimestampMixin, mysql_table_args
+
+
+class SystemSetting(Base, TimestampMixin):
+    """系统设置表：本期仅公司信息（公司名称 / logo 路径），全系统单行 id=1。"""
+
+    __tablename__ = "system_settings"
+    __table_args__ = mysql_table_args("系统设置表（公司信息，全系统单行）")
+
+    id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True, comment="主键ID"
+    )
+    company_name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+        String(64), nullable=False, comment="公司名称（登录页与导出页眉展示）"
+    )
+    logo_path: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(
+        String(255),
+        comment="logo 相对路径（文件存 uploads/logo/，null=未上传使用默认）",
+    )

backend/app/repositories/business_repository.py

@@ -0,0 +1,287 @@
+"""业务数据仓储：业务单、明细、状态留痕与归属留痕。
+
+只读写数据并 flush；commit/rollback 与业务异常一律在 service 层。
+归属留痕复用 ownership_change_logs（owner_type=2 为业务维度，常量在
+models/customer.py 定义）。
+"""
+
+from datetime import date
+
+from sqlalchemy import Row, Select, delete, exists, func, or_, select
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session, aliased
+
+from app.models import (
+    Business,
+    BusinessItem,
+    BusinessStatusLog,
+    Customer,
+    OwnershipChangeLog,
+    Personnel,
+    Receipt,
+    SecondaryAllocation,
+    Shipment,
+)
+from app.models.customer import OWNER_TYPE_BUSINESS
+from app.repositories import ownership_log_repository
+
+
+def get_by_id(session: Session, business_id: int, *, for_update: bool = False) -> Business | None:
+    """按主键取业务行；for_update 供删除保护、编辑门槛与状态机使用。"""
+    stmt = select(Business).where(Business.id == business_id)
+    if for_update:
+        stmt = stmt.with_for_update()
+    return session.execute(stmt).scalars().first()
+
+
+def has_docs(session: Session, business_id: int) -> bool:
+    """业务名下是否已有发货单或回款（换客户/删除保护的引用检查）。
+
+    单条 OR exists 一次往返；新增挂靠业务的单据类型时在此补充条件，
+    编辑与删除两处共用同一判定，防「delete 补了检查、update 漏补」的分叉。
+    """
+    stmt = select(
+        or_(
+            exists().where(Shipment.business_id == business_id),
+            exists().where(Receipt.business_id == business_id),
+        )
+    )
+    return bool(session.execute(stmt).scalar())
+
+
+def create(session: Session, business: Business) -> None:
+    """新增业务行（不 commit，flush 让自增 id 就位）。"""
+    session.add(business)
+    session.flush()
+
+
+def get_with_names(
+    session: Session, business_id: int, *, for_update: bool = False
+) -> tuple[Business, str, str | None, str | None] | None:
+    """业务行 + 客户名 + 负责人名 + 协助人名（DTO 与审计摘要共用）。
+
+    for_update 供编辑/状态流转/归属变更使用：与发货/回款写路径的
+    get_by_id(for_update=True) 同一锁口径，编辑事务与单据写事务互斥，
+    「有发货禁换客户」的快照读校验不再被并发新增旁路。
+    """
+    owner = aliased(Personnel)
+    assistant = aliased(Personnel)
+    stmt = (
+        select(Business, Customer.company_name, owner.personnel_name, assistant.personnel_name)
+        .join(Customer, Customer.id == Business.customer_id)
+        .outerjoin(owner, owner.id == Business.owner_personnel_id)
+        .outerjoin(assistant, assistant.id == Business.assistant_personnel_id)
+        .where(Business.id == business_id)
+    )
+    if for_update:
+        stmt = stmt.with_for_update()
+    return session.execute(stmt).first()
+
+
+def _apply_filters(
+    stmt: Select,
+    *,
+    keyword: str | None,
+    status: int | None,
+    customer_id: int | None,
+    owner_personnel_id: int | None,
+    date_from: date | None,
+    date_to: date | None,
+) -> Select:
+    """业务列表的筛选条件（调用方须已 join Customer）。"""
+    if keyword:
+        # 业务编号/公司名称双列 OR 模糊；contains(autoescape) 同 query_utils.fuzzy
+        # 的转义口径（fuzzy 为单列 where 语义，双列 OR 在此直接组合）
+        stmt = stmt.where(
+            or_(
+                Business.business_no.contains(keyword, autoescape=True),
+                Customer.company_name.contains(keyword, autoescape=True),
+            )
+        )
+    if status is not None:
+        stmt = stmt.where(Business.status == status)
+    if customer_id is not None:
+        stmt = stmt.where(Business.customer_id == customer_id)
+    if owner_personnel_id is not None:
+        stmt = stmt.where(Business.owner_personnel_id == owner_personnel_id)
+    if date_from is not None:
+        stmt = stmt.where(Business.business_date >= date_from)
+    if date_to is not None:
+        stmt = stmt.where(Business.business_date <= date_to)
+    return stmt
+
+
+def list_businesses(
+    session: Session,
+    *,
+    offset: int,
+    limit: int,
+    keyword: str | None,
+    status: int | None,
+    customer_id: int | None,
+    owner_personnel_id: int | None,
+    date_from: date | None,
+    date_to: date | None,
+) -> list[tuple[Business, str, str | None, str | None]]:
+    """分页查询业务（附客户名/负责人名/协助人名），按 id 倒序。"""
+    owner = aliased(Personnel)
+    assistant = aliased(Personnel)
+    stmt = select(
+        Business, Customer.company_name, owner.personnel_name, assistant.personnel_name
+    ).join(Customer, Customer.id == Business.customer_id)
+    stmt = _apply_filters(
+        stmt,
+        keyword=keyword,
+        status=status,
+        customer_id=customer_id,
+        owner_personnel_id=owner_personnel_id,
+        date_from=date_from,
+        date_to=date_to,
+    )
+    stmt = (
+        stmt.outerjoin(owner, owner.id == Business.owner_personnel_id)
+        .outerjoin(assistant, assistant.id == Business.assistant_personnel_id)
+        .order_by(Business.id.desc())
+        .offset(offset)
+        .limit(limit)
+    )
+    return list(session.execute(stmt).all())
+
+
+def count_businesses(
+    session: Session,
+    *,
+    keyword: str | None,
+    status: int | None,
+    customer_id: int | None,
+    owner_personnel_id: int | None,
+    date_from: date | None,
+    date_to: date | None,
+) -> int:
+    stmt = (
+        select(func.count())
+        .select_from(Business)
+        .join(Customer, Customer.id == Business.customer_id)
+    )
+    stmt = _apply_filters(
+        stmt,
+        keyword=keyword,
+        status=status,
+        customer_id=customer_id,
+        owner_personnel_id=owner_personnel_id,
+        date_from=date_from,
+        date_to=date_to,
+    )
+    return int(session.execute(stmt).scalar_one())
+
+
+def list_items(session: Session, business_id: int) -> list[BusinessItem]:
+    """业务明细行（编辑回显与汇总重算共用）。"""
+    return list(
+        session.execute(
+            select(BusinessItem)
+            .where(BusinessItem.business_id == business_id)
+            .order_by(BusinessItem.id)
+        ).scalars()
+    )
+
+
+def replace_items(session: Session, business_id: int, rows: list[BusinessItem]) -> None:
+    """全量替换明细：先删、立即 flush、再插入（replace_roles 先例的防御写法）。
+
+    同一 flush 中 SQLAlchemy 先处理 INSERT 后处理 DELETE，先删后插不落库
+    会在有唯一键的表上撞键；business_items 虽无唯一键，统一按此写法防御。
+    """
+    session.execute(delete(BusinessItem).where(BusinessItem.business_id == business_id))
+    session.flush()
+    for row in rows:
+        row.business_id = business_id
+        session.add(row)
+    session.flush()
+
+
+def list_allocations(session: Session, business_id: int) -> list[SecondaryAllocation]:
+    """二次分配方案（详情回显；空列表=未设置方案）。"""
+    return list(
+        session.execute(
+            select(SecondaryAllocation)
+            .where(SecondaryAllocation.business_id == business_id)
+            .order_by(SecondaryAllocation.id)
+        ).scalars()
+    )
+
+
+def replace_allocations(
+    session: Session, business_id: int, rows: list[SecondaryAllocation]
+) -> None:
+    """全量替换二次分配方案（不 commit，事务边界在服务层）。
+
+    本表有 uk(business_id, personnel_id)，**必须**沿用先删后 flush 再插的
+    防御写法：同 flush 内 INSERT 先于 DELETE 处理，直接删加插会撞唯一键。
+    """
+    session.execute(
+        delete(SecondaryAllocation).where(SecondaryAllocation.business_id == business_id)
+    )
+    session.flush()
+    for row in rows:
+        row.business_id = business_id
+        session.add(row)
+    session.flush()
+
+
+def add_status_log(session: Session, log: BusinessStatusLog) -> None:
+    """追加状态留痕（不 commit）。"""
+    session.add(log)
+    session.flush()
+
+
+def list_status_logs(
+    session: Session, business_id: int, *, offset: int, limit: int
+) -> list[BusinessStatusLog]:
+    """状态流转时间线（详情页），按时间正序（时间线从创建起展示）。"""
+    return list(
+        session.execute(
+            select(BusinessStatusLog)
+            .where(BusinessStatusLog.business_id == business_id)
+            .order_by(BusinessStatusLog.create_time, BusinessStatusLog.id)
+            .offset(offset)
+            .limit(limit)
+        ).scalars()
+    )
+
+
+def count_status_logs(session: Session, business_id: int) -> int:
+    return int(
+        session.execute(
+            select(func.count())
+            .select_from(BusinessStatusLog)
+            .where(BusinessStatusLog.business_id == business_id)
+        ).scalar_one()
+    )
+
+
+def add_ownership_log(session: Session, log: OwnershipChangeLog) -> None:
+    """追加归属变更留痕（共享实现，不 commit）。"""
+    ownership_log_repository.add(session, log)
+
+
+def list_ownership_logs(
+    session: Session, business_id: int, *, offset: int, limit: int
+) -> list[Row]:
+    """某业务的归属变更留痕（共享实现，owner_type/business_id 参数化）。"""
+    return ownership_log_repository.list_by_ref(
+        session,
+        owner_type=OWNER_TYPE_BUSINESS,
+        ref_column=OwnershipChangeLog.business_id,
+        ref_id=business_id,
+        offset=offset,
+        limit=limit,
+    )
+
+
+def count_ownership_logs(session: Session, business_id: int) -> int:
+    return ownership_log_repository.count_by_ref(
+        session,
+        owner_type=OWNER_TYPE_BUSINESS,
+        ref_column=OwnershipChangeLog.business_id,
+        ref_id=business_id,
+    )

backend/app/repositories/business_role_repository.py

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+"""业务岗位角色数据访问。
+
+本层只 flush 不 commit —— 事务边界由 services 层控制。
+"""
+
+from sqlalchemy import Select, func, or_, select
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+from app.models import BusinessRole
+
+# ==================== 读取 ====================
+
+
+def get_by_id(session: Session, role_id: int, *, for_update: bool = False) -> BusinessRole | None:
+    """按主键查询。删除校验走 ``for_update`` 锁行（同 role_repository 的理由）。"""
+    if for_update:
+        stmt = select(BusinessRole).where(BusinessRole.id == role_id).with_for_update()
+        return session.execute(stmt).scalar_one_or_none()
+    return session.get(BusinessRole, role_id)
+
+
+def get_by_code(session: Session, role_code: str) -> BusinessRole | None:
+    """按编码查询岗位。编码是参数维度值（dimension_value）的锚点。"""
+    stmt = select(BusinessRole).where(BusinessRole.role_code == role_code)
+    return session.execute(stmt).scalar_one_or_none()
+
+
+def list_by_codes(session: Session, role_codes: list[str]) -> dict[str, BusinessRole]:
+    """按编码批量取岗位（参数批次校验段用，消除逐条 N+1）。
+
+    返回 {编码: 岗位}。MySQL ci 校对下编码大小写变形也能命中，
+    键取库里的规范 role_code，调用方据此把维度值归一为规范值。
+    """
+    if not role_codes:
+        return {}
+    rows = session.execute(
+        select(BusinessRole).where(BusinessRole.role_code.in_(role_codes))
+    ).scalars()
+    return {role.role_code: role for role in rows}
+
+
+def list_roles(
+    session: Session,
+    *,
+    offset: int,
+    limit: int,
+    keyword: str | None = None,
+    status: int | None = None,
+) -> list[BusinessRole]:
+    """分页查询岗位（含停用）。排序 (sort_order, id)，与系统角色口径一致。"""
+    stmt = _apply_filters(select(BusinessRole), keyword=keyword, status=status)
+    stmt = stmt.order_by(BusinessRole.sort_order, BusinessRole.id).offset(offset).limit(limit)
+    return list(session.execute(stmt).scalars())
+
+
+def count_roles(session: Session, *, keyword: str | None = None, status: int | None = None) -> int:
+    """统计符合条件的岗位总数，供分页使用。"""
+    stmt = _apply_filters(select(func.count(BusinessRole.id)), keyword=keyword, status=status)
+    return int(session.execute(stmt).scalar_one())
+
+
+def _apply_filters(stmt: Select, *, keyword: str | None, status: int | None) -> Select:
+    """应用通用筛选条件。列表与计数共用，避免两处口径不一致。
+
+    关键词走 ``contains(autoescape=True)``（转义 LIKE 通配符）——岗位编码含下划线，
+    不转义时 ``_`` 会当单字符通配执行。
+    """
+    if keyword:
+        stmt = stmt.where(
+            or_(
+                BusinessRole.role_code.contains(keyword, autoescape=True),
+                BusinessRole.role_name.contains(keyword, autoescape=True),
+            )
+        )
+    if status is not None:
+        stmt = stmt.where(BusinessRole.status == status)
+    return stmt
+
+
+def count_personnel_by_role(session: Session, role_ids: list[int]) -> dict[int, int]:
+    """批量统计各岗位下的人员数（删除保护的依据）。
+
+    ② 基础数据管理落地 personnel 表后在此实现真实计数（一次 GROUP BY，
+    禁止列表循环内逐行查询）；当前无人员表，恒返回空，删除校验对空字典放行。
+    """
+    return {}
+
+
+# ==================== 写入 ====================
+
+
+def create(session: Session, role: BusinessRole) -> BusinessRole:
+    """新增岗位。只 flush 以取得自增 id。"""
+    session.add(role)
+    session.flush()
+    return role
+
+
+def delete(session: Session, role: BusinessRole) -> None:
+    """删除岗位。调用方须先完成保护规则校验。"""
+    session.delete(role)
+    session.flush()

backend/app/repositories/customer_repository.py

@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+"""客户数据访问（含归属变更留痕）。
+
+本层只 flush 不 commit —— 事务边界由 services 层控制。
+"""
+
+from sqlalchemy import ColumnElement, Row, Select, func, or_, select
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+from app.models import Customer, OwnershipChangeLog, Personnel
+from app.models.customer import OWNER_TYPE_CUSTOMER
+from app.repositories import ownership_log_repository
+from app.repositories.query_utils import fuzzy
+
+# ==================== 读取 ====================
+
+
+def get_by_id(session: Session, customer_id: int) -> Customer | None:
+    """按主键查询客户。"""
+    return session.get(Customer, customer_id)
+
+
+def count_business_refs(session: Session, customer_id: int) -> int:
+    """被业务单据引用的次数（删除保护；业务表就位后补齐的检查）。"""
+    from app.models import Business
+
+    return int(
+        session.execute(
+            select(func.count()).select_from(Business).where(Business.customer_id == customer_id)
+        ).scalar_one()
+    )
+
+
+def get_with_owner_name(session: Session, customer_id: int) -> Row | None:
+    """查单个客户并带出归属人员姓名（详情、编辑回显与归属变更共用）。"""
+    stmt = _base_select().where(Customer.id == customer_id)
+    return session.execute(stmt).first()
+
+
+def get_by_company_owner(session: Session, company_name: str, owner_name: str) -> Customer | None:
+    """按「公司名称 + 负责人」查客户（uk_customers_company_owner 的先查后写兜底）。"""
+    stmt = select(Customer).where(
+        Customer.company_name == company_name,
+        Customer.owner_name == owner_name,
+    )
+    return session.execute(stmt).scalar_one_or_none()
+
+
+def list_customers(
+    session: Session,
+    *,
+    offset: int,
+    limit: int,
+    keyword: str | None = None,
+    customer_type: str | None = None,
+    owner_personnel_id: int | None = None,
+) -> list[Row]:
+    """分页查询客户，行内容为 (客户, 归属人员姓名)。
+
+    归属人员外键非空但统一用 outerjoin：人员行不可考（被物理删除的脏数据）
+    不应让客户行整个查不出来（同 personnel_repository 的韧性口径）。
+    排序按 id 倒序：客户无排序字段，新增的靠前符合列表页习惯。
+    """
+    stmt = _apply_filters(
+        _base_select(),
+        keyword=keyword,
+        customer_type=customer_type,
+        owner_personnel_id=owner_personnel_id,
+    )
+    stmt = stmt.order_by(Customer.id.desc()).offset(offset).limit(limit)
+    return list(session.execute(stmt).all())
+
+
+def count_customers(
+    session: Session,
+    *,
+    keyword: str | None = None,
+    customer_type: str | None = None,
+    owner_personnel_id: int | None = None,
+) -> int:
+    """统计符合条件的客户总数，供分页使用。
+
+    筛选条件全部落在主表上，计数无需 join（列表与计数的筛选口径由
+    ``_apply_filters`` 单点保证）。
+    """
+    stmt = _apply_filters(
+        select(func.count(Customer.id)),
+        keyword=keyword,
+        customer_type=customer_type,
+        owner_personnel_id=owner_personnel_id,
+    )
+    return int(session.execute(stmt).scalar_one())
+
+
+def list_ownership_logs(
+    session: Session,
+    *,
+    customer_id: int,
+    offset: int,
+    limit: int,
+) -> list[Row]:
+    """查某客户的归属变更留痕（共享实现，owner_type/customer_id 参数化）。"""
+    return ownership_log_repository.list_by_ref(
+        session,
+        owner_type=OWNER_TYPE_CUSTOMER,
+        ref_column=OwnershipChangeLog.customer_id,
+        ref_id=customer_id,
+        offset=offset,
+        limit=limit,
+    )
+
+
+def count_ownership_logs(session: Session, *, customer_id: int) -> int:
+    """统计某客户的归属留痕总数，供分页使用。"""
+    return ownership_log_repository.count_by_ref(
+        session,
+        owner_type=OWNER_TYPE_CUSTOMER,
+        ref_column=OwnershipChangeLog.customer_id,
+        ref_id=customer_id,
+    )
+
+
+def _base_select() -> Select:
+    """客户主表外联归属人员姓名。"""
+    return select(Customer, Personnel.personnel_name).outerjoin(
+        Personnel, Customer.owner_personnel_id == Personnel.id
+    )
+
+
+def _apply_filters(
+    stmt: Select,
+    *,
+    keyword: str | None,
+    customer_type: str | None,
+    owner_personnel_id: int | None,
+) -> Select:
+    """应用通用筛选条件。列表与计数共用，避免两处口径不一致。"""
+    if keyword:
+        stmt = stmt.where(_keyword_clause(keyword))
+    if customer_type:
+        stmt = stmt.where(Customer.customer_type == customer_type)
+    if owner_personnel_id is not None:
+        stmt = stmt.where(Customer.owner_personnel_id == owner_personnel_id)
+    return stmt
+
+
+def _keyword_clause(keyword: str) -> ColumnElement[bool]:
+    """关键词条件：公司名称或客户负责人两列 OR 模糊。
+
+    借 ``query_utils.fuzzy`` 在空 select 上生成单列条件后取 whereclause 做
+    OR 合并 —— LIKE 通配符转义口径单点维护；两处手写 ``contains`` 迟早有
+    一处漏掉 ``autoescape``（人名含下划线是常态，不转义会当单字符通配执行）。
+    """
+    probe = select(Customer.id)
+    return or_(
+        fuzzy(probe, Customer.company_name, keyword).whereclause,
+        fuzzy(probe, Customer.owner_name, keyword).whereclause,
+    )
+
+
+# ==================== 写入 ====================
+
+
+def create(session: Session, customer: Customer) -> Customer:
+    """新增客户。只 flush 以取得自增 id。"""
+    session.add(customer)
+    session.flush()
+    return customer
+
+
+def delete(session: Session, customer: Customer) -> None:
+    """删除客户。调用方须先完成引用保护校验。"""
+    session.delete(customer)
+    session.flush()
+
+
+def add_ownership_log(session: Session, log: OwnershipChangeLog) -> OwnershipChangeLog:
+    """写入一条归属变更留痕（共享实现）。只 flush 不 commit，与主表更新同事务。"""
+    return ownership_log_repository.add(session, log)

backend/app/repositories/operation_log_repository.py

@@ -32,7 +32,21 @@ from app.repositories.query_utils import LogFilters, apply_log_filters
 # 口径与 core.logging.scrub 的键名正则一致，但改为结构化处理 ——
 # 文本正则有三种逃逸形态：值以空白开头时整体匹配失败（完全不脱敏）、
 # 值含空格/逗号时只抹首段、值含引号时既残留又破坏 JSON 结构。
-_SENSITIVE_KEY_PARTS = ("password", "passwd", "pwd", "secret", "token", "app_key", "access_key")
+# phone/mobile/id_card 系 CLAUDE.md「日志禁输出手机号/身份证」红线的键名口径 ——
+# 带分隔符的号码会穿过文本正则，必须在这里按整值抹除
+_SENSITIVE_KEY_PARTS = (
+    "password",
+    "passwd",
+    "pwd",
+    "secret",
+    "token",
+    "app_key",
+    "access_key",
+    "phone",
+    "mobile",
+    "id_card",
+    "idcard",
+)
 
 _MASK = "***"
 

backend/app/repositories/ownership_log_repository.py

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+"""归属变更留痕的共享数据访问（客户/业务两维度共用）。
+
+owner_type 与引用列由调用方参数化 —— 此前客户、业务两侧各持一套逐行
+同构的 list/count/add，排序口径与 join 兜底的调整须同步两处；收口后
+「被删人员留痕仍可读」「翻页稳定双键倒序」等口径单点维护。
+"""
+
+from sqlalchemy import Row, func, select
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session, aliased
+
+from app.models import OwnershipChangeLog, Personnel
+
+
+def list_by_ref(
+    session: Session,
+    *,
+    owner_type: int,
+    ref_column,
+    ref_id: int,
+    offset: int,
+    limit: int,
+) -> list[Row]:
+    """查某引用对象的归属留痕，行内容为 (留痕, 旧归属人名, 新归属人名)。
+
+    人员删除后 join 出 None，留痕固化 ID 兜底可读。按 (create_time, id)
+    双键倒序：create_time 是秒级精度，同一秒内多条排序不确定，id 兜底
+    保证翻页稳定（与操作日志同一理由）。
+    """
+    old_person = aliased(Personnel)
+    new_person = aliased(Personnel)
+    stmt = (
+        select(OwnershipChangeLog, old_person.personnel_name, new_person.personnel_name)
+        .outerjoin(old_person, OwnershipChangeLog.old_owner_personnel_id == old_person.id)
+        .outerjoin(new_person, OwnershipChangeLog.new_owner_personnel_id == new_person.id)
+        .where(OwnershipChangeLog.owner_type == owner_type, ref_column == ref_id)
+        .order_by(OwnershipChangeLog.create_time.desc(), OwnershipChangeLog.id.desc())
+        .offset(offset)
+        .limit(limit)
+    )
+    return list(session.execute(stmt).all())
+
+
+def count_by_ref(session: Session, *, owner_type: int, ref_column, ref_id: int) -> int:
+    """统计某引用对象的归属留痕总数，供分页使用。"""
+    stmt = select(func.count(OwnershipChangeLog.id)).where(
+        OwnershipChangeLog.owner_type == owner_type,
+        ref_column == ref_id,
+    )
+    return int(session.execute(stmt).scalar_one())
+
+
+def add(session: Session, log: OwnershipChangeLog) -> OwnershipChangeLog:
+    """写入一条归属变更留痕。只 flush 不 commit，与主表归属更新同事务提交。"""
+    session.add(log)
+    session.flush()
+    return log

backend/app/repositories/param_repository.py

@@ -0,0 +1,242 @@
+"""计提参数数据访问。
+
+本层只 flush 不 commit —— 事务边界由 services 层控制。
+时点化解析查询（窗口函数版）留存 db/queries/计提参数.sql。
+"""
+
+from datetime import date
+
+from sqlalchemy import Select, delete, func, select
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+from app.models import ParamChangeBatch, ParamDefinition, ParamValue
+
+# ==================== 读取 ====================
+
+
+def resolve_values(session: Session, biz_date: date) -> list[tuple[str, str, str, date]]:
+    """时点化解析：每个 (param_id, dimension_value) 取生效日期 <= 业务日期的最新条目。
+
+    排序 (effective_date DESC, id DESC) 保证同日多次变更取最新一条
+    （不设日期唯一键，同日修正是合法留痕）。仅返回启用状态的参数定义。
+    返回 (param_code, dimension_value, value_text, effective_date)。
+    """
+    row_number = (
+        func.row_number()
+        .over(
+            partition_by=(ParamValue.param_id, ParamValue.dimension_value),
+            order_by=(ParamValue.effective_date.desc(), ParamValue.id.desc()),
+        )
+        .label("rn")
+    )
+    subq = (
+        select(
+            ParamDefinition.param_code.label("param_code"),
+            ParamValue.dimension_value.label("dimension_value"),
+            ParamValue.value_text.label("value_text"),
+            ParamValue.effective_date.label("effective_date"),
+            row_number,
+        )
+        .join(ParamDefinition, ParamDefinition.id == ParamValue.param_id)
+        .where(ParamValue.effective_date <= biz_date, ParamDefinition.status == 1)
+        .subquery()
+    )
+    stmt = select(
+        subq.c.param_code, subq.c.dimension_value, subq.c.value_text, subq.c.effective_date
+    ).where(subq.c.rn == 1)
+    return [
+        (row.param_code, row.dimension_value, row.value_text, row.effective_date)
+        for row in session.execute(stmt)
+    ]
+
+
+def latest_value_before(
+    session: Session, param_id: int, dimension_value: str, biz_date: date
+) -> ParamValue | None:
+    """取某参数某维度在业务日期（含）之前的最新条目 —— 提交变更时记录「旧值」。"""
+    stmt = (
+        select(ParamValue)
+        .where(
+            ParamValue.param_id == param_id,
+            ParamValue.dimension_value == dimension_value,
+            ParamValue.effective_date <= biz_date,
+        )
+        .order_by(ParamValue.effective_date.desc(), ParamValue.id.desc())
+        .limit(1)
+    )
+    return session.execute(stmt).scalar_one_or_none()
+
+
+def list_definitions(session: Session, *, status: int | None = None) -> list[ParamDefinition]:
+    """参数定义列表（目录）。"""
+    stmt = select(ParamDefinition).order_by(ParamDefinition.sort_order, ParamDefinition.id)
+    if status is not None:
+        stmt = stmt.where(ParamDefinition.status == status)
+    return list(session.execute(stmt).scalars())
+
+
+def get_definition_by_code(session: Session, param_code: str) -> ParamDefinition | None:
+    """按编码取参数定义。"""
+    stmt = select(ParamDefinition).where(ParamDefinition.param_code == param_code)
+    return session.execute(stmt).scalar_one_or_none()
+
+
+def list_definitions_by_codes(
+    session: Session, param_codes: list[str]
+) -> dict[str, ParamDefinition]:
+    """按编码批量取参数定义（提交批次的校验段用，消除逐条 N+1）。
+
+    返回 {编码: 定义}；未定义的编码不在结果中，由调用方判缺失。
+    """
+    if not param_codes:
+        return {}
+    rows = session.execute(
+        select(ParamDefinition).where(ParamDefinition.param_code.in_(param_codes))
+    ).scalars()
+    return {definition.param_code: definition for definition in rows}
+
+
+def list_history(
+    session: Session,
+    param_id: int,
+    *,
+    offset: int,
+    limit: int,
+    dimension_value: str | None = None,
+) -> list[tuple[ParamValue, ParamChangeBatch]]:
+    """单参数的版本历史（含批次信息），最新在前。"""
+    stmt = _history_stmt(session, param_id, dimension_value=dimension_value)
+    return [(value, batch) for value, batch in session.execute(stmt.offset(offset).limit(limit))]
+
+
+def count_history(session: Session, param_id: int, *, dimension_value: str | None = None) -> int:
+    """统计单参数的历史条目数。"""
+    stmt = select(func.count()).select_from(
+        _history_stmt(session, param_id, dimension_value=dimension_value).subquery()
+    )
+    return int(session.execute(stmt).scalar_one())
+
+
+def _history_stmt(session: Session, param_id: int, *, dimension_value: str | None) -> Select:
+    """历史查询基语句：条目 join 批次（版本号/操作人），最新在前。"""
+    stmt = (
+        select(ParamValue, ParamChangeBatch)
+        .join(ParamChangeBatch, ParamChangeBatch.id == ParamValue.batch_id)
+        .where(ParamValue.param_id == param_id)
+        .order_by(ParamValue.effective_date.desc(), ParamValue.id.desc())
+    )
+    if dimension_value is not None:
+        stmt = stmt.where(ParamValue.dimension_value == dimension_value)
+    return stmt
+
+
+# ==================== 批次 ====================
+
+
+def create_batch(session: Session, batch: ParamChangeBatch) -> ParamChangeBatch:
+    """新增变更批次。只 flush 以取得自增 id。"""
+    session.add(batch)
+    session.flush()
+    return batch
+
+
+def get_batch_by_id(
+    session: Session, batch_id: int, *, for_update: bool = False
+) -> ParamChangeBatch | None:
+    """按主键取批次。撤回校验走 ``for_update`` 锁行（防并发双撤）。"""
+    if for_update:
+        stmt = select(ParamChangeBatch).where(ParamChangeBatch.id == batch_id).with_for_update()
+        return session.execute(stmt).scalar_one_or_none()
+    return session.get(ParamChangeBatch, batch_id)
+
+
+def list_batches(
+    session: Session,
+    *,
+    offset: int,
+    limit: int,
+    start_date: date | None = None,
+    end_date: date | None = None,
+) -> list[ParamChangeBatch]:
+    """分页查询变更批次（按创建时间倒序）。"""
+    stmt = _batch_filters(select(ParamChangeBatch), start_date=start_date, end_date=end_date)
+    return list(
+        session.execute(
+            stmt.order_by(ParamChangeBatch.create_time.desc(), ParamChangeBatch.id.desc())
+            .offset(offset)
+            .limit(limit)
+        ).scalars()
+    )
+
+
+def count_batches(
+    session: Session, *, start_date: date | None = None, end_date: date | None = None
+) -> int:
+    """统计符合条件的批次总数。"""
+    stmt = _batch_filters(
+        select(func.count(ParamChangeBatch.id)), start_date=start_date, end_date=end_date
+    )
+    return int(session.execute(stmt).scalar_one())
+
+
+def _batch_filters(stmt: Select, *, start_date: date | None, end_date: date | None) -> Select:
+    """批次筛选（生效日期区间，含边界）。列表与计数共用。"""
+    if start_date is not None:
+        stmt = stmt.where(ParamChangeBatch.effective_date >= start_date)
+    if end_date is not None:
+        stmt = stmt.where(ParamChangeBatch.effective_date <= end_date)
+    return stmt
+
+
+def list_values_by_batch(
+    session: Session, batch_id: int
+) -> list[tuple[ParamValue, ParamDefinition]]:
+    """批次内全部条目（join 参数定义取编码/名称），按 id 排序。"""
+    stmt = (
+        select(ParamValue, ParamDefinition)
+        .join(ParamDefinition, ParamDefinition.id == ParamValue.param_id)
+        .where(ParamValue.batch_id == batch_id)
+        .order_by(ParamValue.id)
+    )
+    return [(value, definition) for value, definition in session.execute(stmt)]
+
+
+def delete_values_by_batch(session: Session, batch_id: int) -> None:
+    """删除批次下全部条目（撤回未生效批次时使用，2.0 风格 delete 语句）。"""
+    session.execute(delete(ParamValue).where(ParamValue.batch_id == batch_id))
+
+
+def delete_batch(session: Session, batch: ParamChangeBatch) -> None:
+    """删除批次本体（调用方须先删条目并完成保护校验）。"""
+    session.delete(batch)
+    session.flush()
+
+
+# ==================== 写入 ====================
+
+
+def create_value(session: Session, value: ParamValue) -> ParamValue:
+    """新增版本条目（append-only，禁改禁删已生效条目）。只 flush。"""
+    session.add(value)
+    session.flush()
+    return value
+
+
+# ==================== 导出 ====================
+
+
+def list_export_rows(
+    session: Session, *, start_date: date | None = None, end_date: date | None = None
+) -> list[tuple[ParamChangeBatch, ParamValue, ParamDefinition]]:
+    """导出行：批次 × 条目 × 定义（变更人/时间/参数/维度/旧值/新值/生效日期）。"""
+    stmt = (
+        select(ParamChangeBatch, ParamValue, ParamDefinition)
+        .join(ParamValue, ParamValue.batch_id == ParamChangeBatch.id)
+        .join(ParamDefinition, ParamDefinition.id == ParamValue.param_id)
+        .order_by(ParamChangeBatch.create_time.desc(), ParamChangeBatch.id.desc(), ParamValue.id)
+    )
+    if start_date is not None:
+        stmt = stmt.where(ParamChangeBatch.effective_date >= start_date)
+    if end_date is not None:
+        stmt = stmt.where(ParamChangeBatch.effective_date <= end_date)
+    return [(batch, value, definition) for batch, value, definition in session.execute(stmt)]

backend/app/repositories/personnel_repository.py

@@ -0,0 +1,209 @@
+"""营销人员数据访问（含辐射区域与拓展计划子表）。
+
+本层只 flush 不 commit —— 事务边界由 services 层控制。
+"""
+
+from sqlalchemy import Row, Select, func, select
+from sqlalchemy import delete as sa_delete
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session, aliased
+
+from app.models import BusinessRole, Customer, Personnel, PersonnelPlan, PersonnelRegion
+from app.repositories.query_utils import fuzzy
+
+# 自引用别名：manager_id 指向 personnel.id，同一张表自联取「直属经理姓名」
+_manager = aliased(Personnel)
+
+# ==================== 读取 ====================
+
+
+def get_by_id(session: Session, personnel_id: int, *, for_update: bool = False) -> Personnel | None:
+    """按主键查询。删除校验走 ``for_update`` 锁行（同 business_role_repository 的理由）。"""
+    if for_update:
+        stmt = select(Personnel).where(Personnel.id == personnel_id).with_for_update()
+        return session.execute(stmt).scalar_one_or_none()
+    return session.get(Personnel, personnel_id)
+
+
+def get_with_names(session: Session, personnel_id: int) -> Row | None:
+    """查单个人员并带出岗位名称与直属经理姓名（详情/编辑回显共用）。"""
+    stmt = _base_select().where(Personnel.id == personnel_id)
+    return session.execute(stmt).first()
+
+
+def list_personnel(
+    session: Session,
+    *,
+    offset: int,
+    limit: int,
+    keyword: str | None = None,
+    status: int | None = None,
+    business_role_id: int | None = None,
+) -> list[Row]:
+    """分页查询人员，行内容为 (人员, 岗位名称, 直属经理姓名)。
+
+    排序按 id 倒序：人员无排序字段，新增的靠前符合列表页习惯。
+    """
+    stmt = _apply_filters(
+        _base_select(), keyword=keyword, status=status, business_role_id=business_role_id
+    )
+    stmt = stmt.order_by(Personnel.id.desc()).offset(offset).limit(limit)
+    return list(session.execute(stmt).all())
+
+
+def count_personnel(
+    session: Session,
+    *,
+    keyword: str | None = None,
+    status: int | None = None,
+    business_role_id: int | None = None,
+) -> int:
+    """统计符合条件的人员总数，供分页使用。
+
+    筛选条件全部落在主表上，计数无需 join（列表与计数的筛选口径由
+    ``_apply_filters`` 单点保证）。
+    """
+    stmt = _apply_filters(
+        select(func.count(Personnel.id)),
+        keyword=keyword,
+        status=status,
+        business_role_id=business_role_id,
+    )
+    return int(session.execute(stmt).scalar_one())
+
+
+def count_team_members(session: Session, manager_ids: list[int]) -> dict[int, int]:
+    """按直属经理批量统计团队成员数（删除保护的依据）。
+
+    一次 GROUP BY 完成，禁止调用方在列表循环内逐行查询。
+    """
+    stmt = (
+        select(Personnel.manager_id, func.count(Personnel.id))
+        .where(Personnel.manager_id.in_(manager_ids))
+        .group_by(Personnel.manager_id)
+    )
+    return {int(manager_id): int(count) for manager_id, count in session.execute(stmt).all()}
+
+
+def count_customer_ownerships(session: Session, personnel_ids: list[int]) -> dict[int, int]:
+    """按归属人员批量统计客户数（删除保护的另一半依据）。"""
+    stmt = (
+        select(Customer.owner_personnel_id, func.count(Customer.id))
+        .where(Customer.owner_personnel_id.in_(personnel_ids))
+        .group_by(Customer.owner_personnel_id)
+    )
+    return {int(owner_id): int(count) for owner_id, count in session.execute(stmt).all()}
+
+
+def count_business_roles_refs(session: Session, personnel_ids: list[int]) -> dict[int, int]:
+    """按人员批量统计业务单据归属引用（负责/协助合计；业务表就位后补齐的检查）。
+
+    businesses.owner/assistant_personnel_id 均为 RESTRICT 外键——漏检会让
+    「删除被业务引用的人员」以 500 暴露而非可读的 400。
+    """
+
+    from app.models import Business
+
+    owner = (
+        select(Business.owner_personnel_id, func.count(Business.id))
+        .where(Business.owner_personnel_id.in_(personnel_ids))
+        .group_by(Business.owner_personnel_id)
+    )
+    assistant = (
+        select(Business.assistant_personnel_id, func.count(Business.id))
+        .where(Business.assistant_personnel_id.in_(personnel_ids))
+        .group_by(Business.assistant_personnel_id)
+    )
+    refs: dict[int, int] = {}
+    for stmt in (owner, assistant):
+        for owner_id, count in session.execute(stmt).all():
+            if owner_id is not None:
+                refs[int(owner_id)] = refs.get(int(owner_id), 0) + int(count)
+    return refs
+
+
+def list_regions(session: Session, personnel_id: int) -> list[PersonnelRegion]:
+    """查人员的全部辐射区域，按插入顺序返回。"""
+    stmt = (
+        select(PersonnelRegion)
+        .where(PersonnelRegion.personnel_id == personnel_id)
+        .order_by(PersonnelRegion.id)
+    )
+    return list(session.execute(stmt).scalars())
+
+
+def list_plans(session: Session, personnel_id: int) -> list[PersonnelPlan]:
+    """查人员的全部拓展计划，按插入顺序返回。"""
+    stmt = (
+        select(PersonnelPlan)
+        .where(PersonnelPlan.personnel_id == personnel_id)
+        .order_by(PersonnelPlan.id)
+    )
+    return list(session.execute(stmt).scalars())
+
+
+def _base_select() -> Select:
+    """人员主表联岗位名称与直属经理姓名。
+
+    岗位外键非空，但统一用 outerjoin：岗位行被物理删除的脏数据不应让
+    整个列表查不出来（外键 RESTRICT 正常情况下不会发生）。
+    """
+    return (
+        select(Personnel, BusinessRole.role_name, _manager.personnel_name)
+        .outerjoin(BusinessRole, Personnel.business_role_id == BusinessRole.id)
+        .outerjoin(_manager, Personnel.manager_id == _manager.id)
+    )
+
+
+def _apply_filters(
+    stmt: Select,
+    *,
+    keyword: str | None,
+    status: int | None,
+    business_role_id: int | None,
+) -> Select:
+    """应用通用筛选条件。列表与计数共用，避免两处口径不一致。"""
+    if keyword:
+        stmt = fuzzy(stmt, Personnel.personnel_name, keyword)
+    if status is not None:
+        stmt = stmt.where(Personnel.status == status)
+    if business_role_id is not None:
+        stmt = stmt.where(Personnel.business_role_id == business_role_id)
+    return stmt
+
+
+# ==================== 写入 ====================
+
+
+def create(session: Session, personnel: Personnel) -> Personnel:
+    """新增人员。只 flush 以取得自增 id。"""
+    session.add(personnel)
+    session.flush()
+    return personnel
+
+
+def delete(session: Session, personnel: Personnel) -> None:
+    """删除人员。调用方须先完成引用保护校验。"""
+    session.delete(personnel)
+    session.flush()
+
+
+def replace_regions(session: Session, personnel_id: int, rows: list[PersonnelRegion]) -> None:
+    """全量替换人员的辐射区域。
+
+    **先删、立即 flush、再插入**：同一 flush 内 SQLAlchemy 先执行 INSERT
+    后执行 DELETE，新旧行并存会在带唯一键的表上撞 1062 —— M1 的
+    replace_roles 在 e2e 中踩过此坑。本表当前无唯一键，仍统一按防御写法，
+    避免后续加约束时翻车。
+    """
+    session.execute(sa_delete(PersonnelRegion).where(PersonnelRegion.personnel_id == personnel_id))
+    session.flush()
+    session.add_all(rows)
+    session.flush()
+
+
+def replace_plans(session: Session, personnel_id: int, rows: list[PersonnelPlan]) -> None:
+    """全量替换人员的拓展计划（防御写法同 ``replace_regions``）。"""
+    session.execute(sa_delete(PersonnelPlan).where(PersonnelPlan.personnel_id == personnel_id))
+    session.flush()
+    session.add_all(rows)
+    session.flush()

backend/app/repositories/product_repository.py

@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+"""产品主数据数据访问。
+
+本层只 flush 不 commit —— 事务边界由 services 层控制。
+"""
+
+from sqlalchemy import Select, func, or_, select
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+from app.models import BusinessItem, Product, ShipmentItem
+
+# ==================== 读取 ====================
+
+
+def get_by_id(session: Session, product_id: int, *, for_update: bool = False) -> Product | None:
+    """按主键查询。删除校验走 ``for_update`` 锁行（同 business_role_repository
+    的理由：校验与删除之间若发生并发引用，锁行使并发写入可见地失败，
+    而非引用被静默悬空）。"""
+    if for_update:
+        stmt = select(Product).where(Product.id == product_id).with_for_update()
+        return session.execute(stmt).scalar_one_or_none()
+    return session.get(Product, product_id)
+
+
+def get_by_name_spec(session: Session, product_name: str, spec_model: str) -> Product | None:
+    """按 (名称, 规格型号) 组合查询。
+
+    组合是 uk_products_name_spec 唯一键的键值，先查用于给出即时业务提示；
+    并发窗口仍存在，最终由 IntegrityError 兜底（见 product_service）。
+    """
+    stmt = select(Product).where(
+        Product.product_name == product_name,
+        Product.spec_model == spec_model,
+    )
+    return session.execute(stmt).scalar_one_or_none()
+
+
+def list_products(
+    session: Session,
+    *,
+    offset: int,
+    limit: int,
+    keyword: str | None = None,
+    product_category: str | None = None,
+    status: int | None = None,
+) -> list[Product]:
+    """分页查询产品（含停用）。按 id 升序，与 M1 岗位列表的次序口径一致。"""
+    stmt = _apply_filters(
+        select(Product),
+        keyword=keyword,
+        product_category=product_category,
+        status=status,
+    )
+    stmt = stmt.order_by(Product.id).offset(offset).limit(limit)
+    return list(session.execute(stmt).scalars())
+
+
+def count_products(
+    session: Session,
+    *,
+    keyword: str | None = None,
+    product_category: str | None = None,
+    status: int | None = None,
+) -> int:
+    """统计符合条件的产品总数，供分页使用。"""
+    stmt = _apply_filters(
+        select(func.count(Product.id)),
+        keyword=keyword,
+        product_category=product_category,
+        status=status,
+    )
+    return int(session.execute(stmt).scalar_one())
+
+
+def _apply_filters(
+    stmt: Select,
+    *,
+    keyword: str | None,
+    product_category: str | None,
+    status: int | None,
+) -> Select:
+    """应用通用筛选条件。列表与计数共用，避免两处口径不一致。
+
+    关键词对名称/规格两列取 OR 命中。转义与 query_utils.fuzzy 同一机制
+    （``contains(autoescape=True)`` 转义 LIKE 通配符并附加 ESCAPE 子句）；
+    因 fuzzy 是单列 where 语义（两次调用会叠加成 AND），双列 OR 在此直接
+    写 contains —— M1 business_role_repository 的双列关键词同款写法。
+    规格型号常含 ``_``（如 DN300_II），不转义会当单字符通配执行。
+    """
+    if keyword:
+        stmt = stmt.where(
+            or_(
+                Product.product_name.contains(keyword, autoescape=True),
+                Product.spec_model.contains(keyword, autoescape=True),
+            )
+        )
+    if product_category:
+        stmt = stmt.where(Product.product_category == product_category)
+    if status is not None:
+        stmt = stmt.where(Product.status == status)
+    return stmt
+
+
+def count_refs(session: Session, product_id: int) -> int:
+    """统计引用该产品的业务明细与发货明细行数（删除保护，business_id 先例）。
+
+    两张明细表对 products 均 RESTRICT 外键：先查给出可读的 400；校验与
+    删除之间的并发引用由锁行 + FK 兜底（service 层再翻译 IntegrityError）。
+    """
+    stmt = select(
+        select(func.count())
+        .select_from(BusinessItem)
+        .where(BusinessItem.product_id == product_id)
+        .scalar_subquery()
+        + select(func.count())
+        .select_from(ShipmentItem)
+        .where(ShipmentItem.product_id == product_id)
+        .scalar_subquery()
+    )
+    return int(session.execute(stmt).scalar_one())
+
+
+# ==================== 写入 ====================
+
+
+def create(session: Session, product: Product) -> Product:
+    """新增产品。只 flush 以取得自增 id。"""
+    session.add(product)
+    session.flush()
+    return product
+
+
+def delete(session: Session, product: Product) -> None:
+    """物理删除产品。调用方须先完成引用保护校验（count_refs + FK 兜底）。"""
+    session.delete(product)
+    session.flush()

backend/app/repositories/rating_repository.py

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+"""客户评级等级配置数据访问。
+
+本层只 flush 不 commit —— 事务边界由 services 层控制。
+"""
+
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+from app.models import CustomerRatingGrade
+
+# ==================== 读取 ====================
+
+
+def list_all(session: Session, *, for_update: bool = False) -> list[CustomerRatingGrade]:
+    """全量等级，按 sort_order 升序、id 兜底（同序次序稳定）。
+
+    不分页：等级映射是判定表，数量个位数，分页无意义。
+
+    for_update 供区间重叠判定使用：先查后写在无锁时，两管理员并发提交
+    重叠区间会互判不重叠而双双入库（区间重叠无唯一键可拦）——锁全表行
+    串行化并发的重叠判定（先到者提交后，后到者在锁下读到新区间即判重叠）。
+    只读直出（list_grades）不加锁。
+    """
+    stmt = select(CustomerRatingGrade).order_by(
+        CustomerRatingGrade.sort_order, CustomerRatingGrade.id
+    )
+    if for_update:
+        stmt = stmt.with_for_update()
+    return list(session.execute(stmt).scalars())
+
+
+def get_by_id(session: Session, grade_id: int) -> CustomerRatingGrade | None:
+    """按主键查询。
+
+    等级表无下游引用（评级是纯计算器不落评分记录），无需 ``for_update``
+    锁行 —— product_repository 锁行防的是并发引用悬空，此处不存在该风险。
+    """
+    return session.get(CustomerRatingGrade, grade_id)
+
+
+def get_by_name(session: Session, grade_name: str) -> CustomerRatingGrade | None:
+    """按等级名称查询。
+
+    grade_name 是 uk_customer_rating_grades_grade_name 唯一键的键值，先查
+    用于给出即时业务提示；并发窗口仍存在，最终由 IntegrityError 兜底
+    （见 rating_service）。
+    """
+    stmt = select(CustomerRatingGrade).where(CustomerRatingGrade.grade_name == grade_name)
+    return session.execute(stmt).scalar_one_or_none()
+
+
+# ==================== 写入 ====================
+
+
+def create(session: Session, grade: CustomerRatingGrade) -> CustomerRatingGrade:
+    """新增等级。只 flush 以取得自增 id。"""
+    session.add(grade)
+    session.flush()
+    return grade
+
+
+def delete(session: Session, grade: CustomerRatingGrade) -> None:
+    """物理删除等级。等级表无下游引用，调用方无需引用保护校验。"""
+    session.delete(grade)
+    session.flush()

backend/app/repositories/receipt_repository.py

@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+"""回款数据访问：回款行与关联引用（业务号/发货单号/发货日）。
+
+只读写数据并 flush；commit/rollback 与业务异常一律在 service 层。
+
+- 列表与详情统一 join 出 ``business_no / shipment_no / ship_date``，
+  ship_date 供 service 按 ``formula.payment_days`` 派生回款天数 —— 关联
+  引用经本层查询一次供给，service 不再对发货单二次查询
+- shipment_id 是手动指定（可空），发货单关联一律 outerjoin
+"""
+
+from datetime import date
+
+from sqlalchemy import Select, func, select
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+from app.models import Business, Receipt, Shipment
+
+
+def get_by_id(session: Session, receipt_id: int) -> Receipt | None:
+    """按主键取回款行（供摘要预取与状态判定；不锁行，写保护锚在业务行）。"""
+    return session.get(Receipt, receipt_id)
+
+
+def get_with_refs(
+    session: Session, receipt_id: int
+) -> tuple[Receipt, str, str | None, date | None] | None:
+    """回款行 + 业务号 + 发货单号 + 发货日（DTO 与 payment_days 派生共用）。
+
+    business 主表为 inner join（FK NOT NULL，业务与回款同存亡）；发货单
+    可未指定，outerjoin 后 shipment_no / ship_date 可能为 None。
+    """
+    row = session.execute(
+        select(Receipt, Business.business_no, Shipment.shipment_no, Shipment.ship_date)
+        .join(Business, Business.id == Receipt.business_id)
+        .outerjoin(Shipment, Shipment.id == Receipt.shipment_id)
+        .where(Receipt.id == receipt_id)
+    ).first()
+    return row
+
+
+def get_shipment(session: Session, shipment_id: int) -> Shipment | None:
+    """按主键取发货单（同业务强校验的只读预查；FK RESTRICT 为最终防线）。"""
+    return session.get(Shipment, shipment_id)
+
+
+def _apply_filters(
+    stmt: Select,
+    *,
+    business_id: int | None,
+    date_from: date | None,
+    date_to: date | None,
+    is_barter: int | None,
+    settlement_status: int | None,
+) -> Select:
+    """回款列表的筛选条件（全部落在 Receipt 自身列上）。"""
+    if business_id is not None:
+        stmt = stmt.where(Receipt.business_id == business_id)
+    if date_from is not None:
+        stmt = stmt.where(Receipt.receipt_date >= date_from)
+    if date_to is not None:
+        stmt = stmt.where(Receipt.receipt_date <= date_to)
+    if is_barter is not None:
+        stmt = stmt.where(Receipt.is_barter == is_barter)
+    if settlement_status is not None:
+        stmt = stmt.where(Receipt.settlement_status == settlement_status)
+    return stmt
+
+
+def list_receipts(
+    session: Session,
+    *,
+    offset: int,
+    limit: int,
+    business_id: int | None,
+    date_from: date | None,
+    date_to: date | None,
+    is_barter: int | None,
+    settlement_status: int | None,
+) -> list[tuple[Receipt, str, str | None, date | None]]:
+    """分页查询回款（附业务号/发货单号/发货日），按 id 倒序。"""
+    stmt = _apply_filters(
+        select(Receipt, Business.business_no, Shipment.shipment_no, Shipment.ship_date)
+        .join(Business, Business.id == Receipt.business_id)
+        .outerjoin(Shipment, Shipment.id == Receipt.shipment_id),
+        business_id=business_id,
+        date_from=date_from,
+        date_to=date_to,
+        is_barter=is_barter,
+        settlement_status=settlement_status,
+    )
+    return list(session.execute(stmt.order_by(Receipt.id.desc()).offset(offset).limit(limit)).all())
+
+
+def count_receipts(
+    session: Session,
+    *,
+    business_id: int | None,
+    date_from: date | None,
+    date_to: date | None,
+    is_barter: int | None,
+    settlement_status: int | None,
+) -> int:
+    """回款总数（筛选条件与列表共用同一 apply_filters，防两侧口径漂移）。"""
+    stmt = _apply_filters(
+        select(func.count()).select_from(Receipt),
+        business_id=business_id,
+        date_from=date_from,
+        date_to=date_to,
+        is_barter=is_barter,
+        settlement_status=settlement_status,
+    )
+    return int(session.execute(stmt).scalar_one())
+
+
+def create(session: Session, receipt: Receipt) -> Receipt:
+    """新增回款行。只 flush 以取得自增 id，编号唯一键冲突由 service 兜底。"""
+    session.add(receipt)
+    session.flush()
+    return receipt
+
+
+def delete(session: Session, receipt: Receipt) -> None:
+    """物理删除回款行（已核算与否的准入判定在 service 层）。"""
+    session.delete(receipt)
+    session.flush()

backend/app/repositories/shipment_repository.py

@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+"""发货数据访问：发货单行、明细行与业务号关联引用。
+
+只读写数据并 flush；commit/rollback 与业务异常一律在 service 层。
+
+- 列表与详情统一 join 出 ``business_no``（业务主表 inner join，FK NOT
+  NULL，业务与发货单同存亡）
+- 明细行汇总（sum_item_amount）是发货单 total_amount 重算的唯一数据源，
+  业务级汇总仍收口 business_service._recalc_totals
+"""
+
+from datetime import date
+from decimal import Decimal
+
+from sqlalchemy import Select, delete, func, select
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+from app.models import Business, Receipt, Shipment, ShipmentItem
+
+
+def get_by_id(session: Session, shipment_id: int) -> Shipment | None:
+    """按主键取发货单行（供摘要预取与编辑赋值；不锁行，写保护锚在业务行）。"""
+    return session.get(Shipment, shipment_id)
+
+
+def get_with_business_no(session: Session, shipment_id: int) -> tuple[Shipment, str] | None:
+    """发货单行 + 业务号（DTO 与审计摘要共用）。"""
+    return session.execute(
+        select(Shipment, Business.business_no)
+        .join(Business, Business.id == Shipment.business_id)
+        .where(Shipment.id == shipment_id)
+    ).first()
+
+
+def _apply_filters(
+    stmt: Select,
+    *,
+    business_id: int | None,
+    ship_date_from: date | None,
+    ship_date_to: date | None,
+) -> Select:
+    """发货列表的筛选条件（business_id 空=全量，一期按业务维度查看为主）。"""
+    if business_id is not None:
+        stmt = stmt.where(Shipment.business_id == business_id)
+    if ship_date_from is not None:
+        stmt = stmt.where(Shipment.ship_date >= ship_date_from)
+    if ship_date_to is not None:
+        stmt = stmt.where(Shipment.ship_date <= ship_date_to)
+    return stmt
+
+
+def list_shipments(
+    session: Session,
+    *,
+    offset: int,
+    limit: int,
+    business_id: int | None,
+    ship_date_from: date | None,
+    ship_date_to: date | None,
+) -> list[tuple[Shipment, str]]:
+    """分页查询发货单（附业务号），按 id 倒序。"""
+    stmt = _apply_filters(
+        select(Shipment, Business.business_no).join(Business, Business.id == Shipment.business_id),
+        business_id=business_id,
+        ship_date_from=ship_date_from,
+        ship_date_to=ship_date_to,
+    )
+    return list(
+        session.execute(stmt.order_by(Shipment.id.desc()).offset(offset).limit(limit)).all()
+    )
+
+
+def count_shipments(
+    session: Session,
+    *,
+    business_id: int | None,
+    ship_date_from: date | None,
+    ship_date_to: date | None,
+) -> int:
+    """发货单总数（筛选条件与列表共用同一 apply_filters，防两侧口径漂移）。"""
+    stmt = _apply_filters(
+        select(func.count())
+        .select_from(Shipment)
+        .join(Business, Business.id == Shipment.business_id),
+        business_id=business_id,
+        ship_date_from=ship_date_from,
+        ship_date_to=ship_date_to,
+    )
+    return int(session.execute(stmt).scalar_one())
+
+
+def list_items(session: Session, shipment_id: int) -> list[ShipmentItem]:
+    """发货明细行（详情回显与总金额重算共用）。"""
+    return list(
+        session.execute(
+            select(ShipmentItem)
+            .where(ShipmentItem.shipment_id == shipment_id)
+            .order_by(ShipmentItem.id)
+        ).scalars()
+    )
+
+
+def sum_item_amount(session: Session, shipment_id: int) -> Decimal | None:
+    """明细行金额合计（发货单 total_amount 重算的唯一数据源）。"""
+    return session.execute(
+        select(func.sum(ShipmentItem.amount)).where(ShipmentItem.shipment_id == shipment_id)
+    ).scalar_one()
+
+
+def count_receipt_refs(session: Session, shipment_id: int) -> int:
+    """被回款批次指定的引用数（删除保护依据，receipts.shipment_id）。"""
+    return int(
+        session.execute(
+            select(func.count()).select_from(Receipt).where(Receipt.shipment_id == shipment_id)
+        ).scalar_one()
+    )
+
+
+def create(session: Session, shipment: Shipment) -> Shipment:
+    """新增发货单行。只 flush 以取得自增 id，单号唯一键冲突由 service 兜底。"""
+    session.add(shipment)
+    session.flush()
+    return shipment
+
+
+def replace_items(session: Session, shipment_id: int, rows: list[ShipmentItem]) -> None:
+    """全量替换明细：先删、立即 flush、再插入（business_repository 同款防御写法）。
+
+    同一 flush 中 SQLAlchemy 先处理 INSERT 后处理 DELETE，先删后插不落库
+    会在有唯一键的表上撞键；shipment_items 虽无唯一键，统一按此写法防御。
+    """
+    session.execute(delete(ShipmentItem).where(ShipmentItem.shipment_id == shipment_id))
+    session.flush()
+    for row in rows:
+        row.shipment_id = shipment_id
+        session.add(row)
+    session.flush()
+
+
+def delete_with_items(session: Session, shipment_id: int) -> None:
+    """删除发货单及明细行（按依赖序：明细 → 主表，FK RESTRICT）。"""
+    session.execute(delete(ShipmentItem).where(ShipmentItem.shipment_id == shipment_id))
+    session.execute(delete(Shipment).where(Shipment.id == shipment_id))
+    session.flush()

backend/app/schemas/approval.py

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+"""审批管理的请求/响应模型（2026-10-15 复核审批补充需求）。"""
+
+from datetime import datetime
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, Field, model_validator
+
+from app.core.response import PageQuery
+
+
+class ApprovalStepOut(BaseModel):
+    """节点记录（时间线；action=3 自动通过 operator 记「系统」）。"""
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(from_attributes=True)
+
+    id: int
+    node: int
+    action: int
+    opinion: str | None = None
+    operator_id: int | None = None
+    operator_name: str
+    create_time: datetime
+
+
+class ApprovalOrderOut(BaseModel):
+    """审批单列表行。"""
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(from_attributes=True)
+
+    id: int
+    order_no: str
+    order_type: int
+    ref_id: int
+    refer_no: str
+    status: int
+    submitter_id: int | None = None
+    submitter_name: str
+    create_time: datetime
+
+
+class ApprovalOrderDetailOut(ApprovalOrderOut):
+    """审批单详情：附节点时间线。"""
+
+    steps: list[ApprovalStepOut] = Field(default_factory=list)
+
+
+class ApprovalQuery(PageQuery):
+    """审批单列表查询条件。"""
+
+    keyword: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=32, description="审批单号/引用单号，模糊")
+    status: int | None = Field(default=None, ge=1, le=5, description="状态筛选")
+    order_type: int | None = Field(default=None, ge=1, le=2, description="对象类型筛选")
+
+
+class ApprovalActionIn(BaseModel):
+    """节点动作：1 通过 / 2 驳回（驳回须填意见——空驳无从追溯）。"""
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(str_strip_whitespace=True)
+
+    action: int = Field(ge=1, le=2, description="1通过 2驳回")
+    opinion: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=255, description="审批意见")
+
+    @model_validator(mode="after")
+    def _check_opinion(self) -> "ApprovalActionIn":
+        if self.action == 2 and not self.opinion:
+            raise ValueError("驳回必须填写审批意见")
+        return self

backend/app/schemas/business.py

@@ -0,0 +1,396 @@
+"""业务管理的请求/响应模型（需求 2.2.1/2.2.4）。
+
+金额/数量入参出参一律 str（服务层 Decimal/Fraction，全程禁 float）；
+派生值（毛利润额/毛利润率/折算毛利润额）不在写接口入参内 —— 落库列只有
+源数据，派生值由毛利润视图实时计算。
+"""
+
+from datetime import date, datetime
+from decimal import Decimal, InvalidOperation
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, Field, field_validator, model_validator
+
+from app.core.constants import (
+    PRODUCT_CATEGORIES,
+    PRODUCT_CATEGORY_MUNICIPAL_WATER,
+    PRODUCT_CATEGORY_RAIL_TRANSIT,
+)
+from app.core.response import PageQuery
+
+# DECIMAL(14,2) 容量上限：整数部分 12 位（同 personnel.py 的金额校验口径）
+AMOUNT_MAX = Decimal("999999999999.99")
+# DECIMAL(14,4) 容量上限：整数部分 10 位
+PRICE_MAX = Decimal("9999999999.9999")
+
+
+def _check_amount(
+    value: str | None,
+    label: str,
+    cap: Decimal,
+    allow_positive_only: bool = False,
+    scale: int = 2,
+) -> str | None:
+    """字符串金额的通用校验：数字/有限/非负/容量/小数位上限。
+
+    小数位超限直接拒绝而非静默舍入 —— 舍入即算错钱（工资系统红线）。
+    ``scale`` 按列口径区分：金额/数量列 DECIMAL(14,2) 为 2；单价类列
+    DECIMAL(14,4) 为 4（回显 "5000.0000" 必须能原样提交，否则任何带
+    精度的历史单价都被编辑端点永远拒收）。
+    """
+    if value is None:
+        return None
+    try:
+        amount = Decimal(value)
+    except InvalidOperation:
+        raise ValueError(f"{label}须为有效数字") from None
+    if not amount.is_finite():
+        raise ValueError(f"{label}须为有效数字")
+    if allow_positive_only:
+        if amount <= 0:
+            raise ValueError(f"{label}必须大于 0")
+    elif amount < 0:
+        raise ValueError(f"{label}不能为负数")
+    if amount > cap:
+        raise ValueError(f"{label}超出可录入上限")
+    if -amount.as_tuple().exponent > scale:
+        raise ValueError(f"{label}最多{'两' if scale == 2 else '四'}位小数")
+    return value
+
+
+class BusinessItemIn(BaseModel):
+    """业务产品明细行（需求 2.2.1「支持添加多种产品，录入指导价」）。
+
+    product_category 保留蛇形：该值与 M1 参数维度值域同源（枚举码本就是
+    蛇形）；其余标识类字段驼峰兼容（snake/驼峰双入，同 customer.py 契约）。
+    """
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(str_strip_whitespace=True)
+
+    product_id: int | None = Field(default=None, ge=1, description="产品ID；空=自由录入")
+    product_name: str = Field(min_length=1, max_length=128, description="产品名称")
+    spec_model: str | None = Field(
+        default=None, max_length=128, description="规格型号，空=空串归一"
+    )
+    unit: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=16, description="计量单位")
+    product_category: str = Field(
+        description="产品类别：municipal_water/rail_transit（行级折算锚点）"
+    )
+    quantity: str = Field(description="数量，>0")
+    sale_price: str | None = Field(default=None, description="销售单价（元）")
+    cost_amount: str | None = Field(
+        default=None, description="成本额（元）；毛利润额 = 销售额 − 成本额"
+    )
+    guided_price: str | None = Field(default=None, description="指导价（元）")
+    remark: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=255)
+
+    @field_validator("product_category")
+    @classmethod
+    def _check_category(cls, value: str) -> str:
+        if value not in PRODUCT_CATEGORIES:
+            raise ValueError("产品类别不合法")
+        return value
+
+    @field_validator("quantity")
+    @classmethod
+    def _check_quantity(cls, value: str) -> str:
+        return _check_amount(value, "数量", AMOUNT_MAX, allow_positive_only=True) or value
+
+    @field_validator("sale_price", "guided_price")
+    @classmethod
+    def _check_unit_prices(cls, value: str | None) -> str | None:
+        """单价类字段按 DECIMAL(14,4) 口径校验（4 位小数）。"""
+        return _check_amount(value, "单价", PRICE_MAX, scale=4)
+
+    @field_validator("cost_amount")
+    @classmethod
+    def _check_cost(cls, value: str | None) -> str | None:
+        return _check_amount(value, "金额", AMOUNT_MAX)
+
+
+class BusinessItemOut(BaseModel):
+    """业务产品明细行响应。金额/数量一律 str。"""
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(from_attributes=True)
+
+    id: int
+    product_id: int | None = None
+    product_name: str
+    spec_model: str | None = None
+    unit: str | None = None
+    product_category: str
+    quantity: str
+    sale_price: str | None = None
+    sale_amount: str
+    cost_amount: str | None = None
+    guided_price: str | None = None
+    remark: str | None = None
+
+
+class BusinessOut(BaseModel):
+    """业务响应（列表与写操作回包共用）。"""
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(from_attributes=True)
+
+    id: int
+    business_no: str
+    customer_id: int
+    customer_name: str | None = None
+    business_date: date | None = None
+    status: int = 1
+    owner_personnel_id: int | None = None
+    owner_personnel_name: str | None = None
+    assistant_personnel_id: int | None = None
+    assistant_personnel_name: str | None = None
+    is_special: int = 0
+    special_note: str | None = None
+    total_sale_amount: str | None = None
+    total_cost_amount: str | None = None
+    total_ship_amount: str | None = None
+    total_received_amount: str | None = None
+    total_freight_amount: str | None = None
+    remark: str | None = None
+
+
+class SecondaryAllocationIn(BaseModel):
+    """二次分配参与人入参（2026-10-15 补充需求「二次分配方案」）。
+
+    比例**不要求合计 100%**（需求原文）：余额归属待业务澄清（待澄清 #2），
+    服务层仅以 hint 展示合计/余额，不做强制校验。ratio 沿金额红线口径：
+    字符串入参、两位小数、超限拒绝不静默舍入。
+    """
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(str_strip_whitespace=True)
+
+    personnel_id: int = Field(ge=1, description="参与业务员ID（personnel.id）")
+    ratio: str = Field(description="分摊比例（0-100，两位小数）")
+
+    @field_validator("ratio")
+    @classmethod
+    def _check_ratio(cls, value: str) -> str:
+        return _check_amount(value, "分摊比例", Decimal("100"), allow_positive_only=True) or value
+
+
+class SecondaryAllocationOut(BaseModel):
+    """二次分配参与人响应（personnel_name 冗余固化，离职后回显有名）。"""
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(from_attributes=True)
+
+    personnel_id: int
+    personnel_name: str
+    ratio: str
+
+
+def _ensure_allocations_unique(items: list["SecondaryAllocationIn"]) -> None:
+    """同一业务内参与人去重：uk(business_id, personnel_id) 的前置友好提示
+    （让 400 文案说「重复参与人」而不是裸唯一键冲突）。"""
+    seen: set[int] = set()
+    for item in items:
+        if item.personnel_id in seen:
+            raise ValueError(f"二次分配参与人重复：人员ID {item.personnel_id}")
+        seen.add(item.personnel_id)
+
+
+class BusinessDetailOut(BusinessOut):
+    """业务详情：附产品明细行与二次分配方案。"""
+
+    items: list[BusinessItemOut] = Field(default_factory=list)
+    secondary_allocations: list[SecondaryAllocationOut] = Field(default_factory=list)
+    allocation_hint: str | None = Field(
+        default=None, description="方案合计与余额提示（余额归属待澄清#2，仅展示）"
+    )
+
+
+class BusinessCreateIn(BaseModel):
+    """创建业务：主表信息 + 明细行数组（明细 ≥1 行）。
+
+    字段名全线蛇形直出（M1 既有契约：前端 api 封装与 schemas 同名对应，
+    仅分页信封 list/pageNum 驼峰）。
+    """
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(str_strip_whitespace=True)
+
+    customer_id: int = Field(ge=1, description="客户ID")
+    business_date: date | None = Field(default=None, description="业务日期，ISO 格式")
+    owner_personnel_id: int | None = Field(
+        default=None, ge=1, description="负责营销人员ID，可空=待指定"
+    )
+    assistant_personnel_id: int | None = Field(default=None, ge=1, description="协助营销人员ID")
+    is_special: int = Field(default=0, ge=0, le=1, description="特殊业务标记：1是 0否")
+    special_note: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=255, description="特殊业务说明")
+    items: list[BusinessItemIn] = Field(min_length=1, description="产品明细行，至少 1 行")
+    secondary_allocations: list[SecondaryAllocationIn] = Field(
+        default_factory=list, description="二次分配方案（只出现在合同刚建立时；可空）"
+    )
+    remark: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=255)
+
+    @model_validator(mode="after")
+    def _check_special_note(self) -> "BusinessCreateIn":
+        """特殊业务须有说明：标记的意义就在于可追溯「特殊在哪」。"""
+        if self.is_special == 1 and not self.special_note:
+            raise ValueError("特殊业务必须填写说明")
+        return self
+
+    @model_validator(mode="after")
+    def _check_allocations(self) -> "BusinessCreateIn":
+        _ensure_allocations_unique(self.secondary_allocations)
+        return self
+
+
+class BusinessUpdateIn(BaseModel):
+    """编辑业务（全量替换明细与二次分配方案；归属不在此端点调整，走 /ownership）。"""
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(str_strip_whitespace=True)
+
+    customer_id: int = Field(ge=1, description="客户ID")
+    business_date: date | None = Field(default=None, description="业务日期，ISO 格式")
+    owner_personnel_id: int | None = Field(
+        default=None,
+        ge=1,
+        description="负责营销人员ID（编辑端点忽略，仅 /ownership 生效）",
+    )
+    assistant_personnel_id: int | None = Field(
+        default=None,
+        ge=1,
+        description="协助营销人员ID（编辑端点忽略）",
+    )
+    is_special: int = Field(default=0, ge=0, le=1, description="特殊业务标记：1是 0否")
+    special_note: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=255, description="特殊业务说明")
+    items: list[BusinessItemIn] = Field(
+        min_length=1, description="产品明细行，至少 1 行（全量替换）"
+    )
+    secondary_allocations: list[SecondaryAllocationIn] = Field(
+        default_factory=list, description="二次分配方案（全量替换；空数组=清空方案）"
+    )
+    remark: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=255)
+
+    @model_validator(mode="after")
+    def _check_special_note(self) -> "BusinessUpdateIn":
+        if self.is_special == 1 and not self.special_note:
+            raise ValueError("特殊业务必须填写说明")
+        return self
+
+    @model_validator(mode="after")
+    def _check_allocations(self) -> "BusinessUpdateIn":
+        _ensure_allocations_unique(self.secondary_allocations)
+        return self
+
+
+class BusinessStatusIn(BaseModel):
+    """状态流转：1执行中 → 2已完成 / 3已终止（终态不可再变更）。"""
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(str_strip_whitespace=True)
+
+    status: int = Field(ge=1, le=3, description="目标状态：2已完成 3已终止")
+    reason: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=255, description="变更原因（终止时必填）")
+
+    @model_validator(mode="after")
+    def _check_reason(self) -> "BusinessStatusIn":
+        if self.status == 3 and not self.reason:
+            raise ValueError("终止业务必须填写原因")
+        return self
+
+
+class BusinessOwnershipIn(BaseModel):
+    """业务归属变更（负责/协助；前后值写入留痕）。"""
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(str_strip_whitespace=True)
+
+    new_owner_personnel_id: int | None = Field(default=None, ge=1)
+    new_assistant_personnel_id: int | None = Field(default=None, ge=1)
+    reason: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=255)
+
+
+class BusinessQuery(PageQuery):
+    """业务列表查询条件（筛选参数驼峰 alias，customer.py 同款契约）。"""
+
+    keyword: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=32, description="业务编号/公司名称，模糊")
+    status: int | None = Field(default=None, ge=1, le=3, description="状态筛选")
+    customer_id: int | None = Field(default=None, ge=1, description="客户筛选")
+    owner_personnel_id: int | None = Field(default=None, ge=1, description="负责营销人员筛选")
+    date_from: date | None = Field(default=None, description="业务日期起（含）")
+    date_to: date | None = Field(default=None, description="业务日期止（含）")
+
+
+class GrossProfitRowOut(BaseModel):
+    """毛利润视图行：行级源数据 + 派生值（实时计算，不落库）。"""
+
+    item_id: int
+    product_category: str
+    product_name: str
+    spec_model: str | None = None
+    quantity: str
+    sale_amount: str
+    cost_amount: str | None = None
+    """成本缺失（未录入）时为 None，派生列同为 None 并置 missing_reason"""
+    profit_amount: str | None = None
+    profit_rate: str | None = None
+    threshold: str
+    converted_profit: str | None = None
+    missing_reason: str | None = None
+
+
+class GrossProfitCategoryOut(BaseModel):
+    """按产品类别的毛利润汇总（可计算行聚合；成本缺失行不计入）。"""
+
+    product_category: str
+    sale_amount: str
+    cost_amount: str
+    profit_amount: str
+    profit_rate: str
+    threshold: str
+    converted_profit: str
+
+
+class GrossProfitOut(BaseModel):
+    """毛利润数据视图（需求 2.2.4）：行级 + 类别汇总。
+
+    口径注释（前端须展示）：毛利润率 = 毛利润额 / 销售额，**不含运费**
+    （对照表 #2 作废需规含运费公式）；阈值按 asOf 取 M1 参数快照；M3 核算
+    实际按回款到账日取参，本视图默认今日仅供录入期核对。
+    """
+
+    business_id: int
+    as_of: date
+    rows: list[GrossProfitRowOut] = Field(default_factory=list)
+    categories: list[GrossProfitCategoryOut] = Field(default_factory=list)
+    missing_count: int = 0
+    note: str = "毛利润率与折算额不含运费；M3 核算按回款到账日取参数版本"
+
+
+class OwnershipChangeLogOut(BaseModel):
+    """业务归属变更留痕（人员删除后姓名为 None，固化 ID 兜底可追溯）。"""
+
+    id: int
+    business_id: int
+    old_owner_personnel_id: int | None = None
+    new_owner_personnel_id: int | None = None
+    old_assistant_personnel_id: int | None = None
+    new_assistant_personnel_id: int | None = None
+    old_owner_name: str | None = None
+    new_owner_name: str | None = None
+    change_reason: str | None = None
+    operator_id: int | None = None
+    operator_name: str
+    create_time: datetime
+
+
+class BusinessStatusLogOut(BaseModel):
+    """业务状态流转记录（详情页时间线；创建首条 old=new=1）。"""
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(from_attributes=True)
+
+    id: int
+    business_id: int
+    old_status: int
+    new_status: int
+    change_reason: str | None = None
+    operator_id: int | None = None
+    operator_name: str
+    create_time: datetime
+
+
+# 供 schema 外部引用的两类别常量（类别汇总展示用）
+CATEGORY_LABELS = {
+    PRODUCT_CATEGORY_MUNICIPAL_WATER: "市政水利",
+    PRODUCT_CATEGORY_RAIL_TRANSIT: "轨道交通",
+}

backend/app/schemas/business_role.py

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+"""业务岗位角色的请求/响应模型。"""
+
+import re
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, Field, field_validator
+
+from app.core.response import PageQuery
+
+# 岗位编码规则与系统角色一致：小写字母开头，后接小写字母/数字/下划线，长度 2–32。
+# 编码会作为参数维度值（param_values.dimension_value）与核算模板绑定的锚点，
+# 保持单一风格避免大小写/全角混用造成对照困难
+BUSINESS_ROLE_CODE_PATTERN = re.compile(r"^[a-z][a-z0-9_]{1,31}$")
+
+
+class BusinessRoleOut(BaseModel):
+    """岗位响应（列表与详情共用）。"""
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(from_attributes=True)
+
+    id: int
+    role_code: str
+    role_name: str
+    calc_template: str
+    description: str | None = None
+    sort_order: int = 0
+    status: int = 1
+    is_builtin: int = 0
+
+
+class TemplateParamOut(BaseModel):
+    """模板声明的参数（供岗位表单展示，含当前口径说明）。"""
+
+    code: str
+    name: str
+
+
+class TemplateOptionOut(BaseModel):
+    """公式模板下拉项。"""
+
+    code: str
+    name: str
+    description: str
+    params: list[TemplateParamOut]
+
+
+class BusinessRoleCreateIn(BaseModel):
+    """新增岗位。"""
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(str_strip_whitespace=True)
+
+    role_code: str = Field(min_length=2, max_length=32, description="岗位编码，创建后不可修改")
+    role_name: str = Field(min_length=1, max_length=64, description="岗位名称")
+    calc_template: str = Field(min_length=1, max_length=32, description="计提公式模板编码")
+    description: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=255)
+    sort_order: int = Field(default=0, ge=0, description="显示排序，越小越靠前")
+
+    @field_validator("role_code")
+    @classmethod
+    def _check_code(cls, value: str) -> str:
+        if not BUSINESS_ROLE_CODE_PATTERN.match(value):
+            raise ValueError("岗位编码须以小写字母开头，仅可含小写字母、数字与下划线")
+        return value
+
+
+class BusinessRoleUpdateIn(BaseModel):
+    """编辑岗位。
+
+    **不含 role_code** —— 编码是参数维度值与模板绑定的锚点（同系统角色的保护理由）。
+    前端表单全量提交，故为全量替换语义。
+    """
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(str_strip_whitespace=True)
+
+    role_name: str = Field(min_length=1, max_length=64, description="岗位名称")
+    calc_template: str = Field(min_length=1, max_length=32, description="计提公式模板编码")
+    description: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=255)
+    sort_order: int = Field(default=0, ge=0, description="显示排序，越小越靠前")
+
+
+class BusinessRoleStatusIn(BaseModel):
+    """启用/禁用岗位。"""
+
+    status: int = Field(ge=0, le=1, description="1启用 0禁用")
+
+
+class BusinessRoleQuery(PageQuery):
+    """岗位列表查询条件。"""
+
+    keyword: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=64, description="编码或名称，模糊匹配")
+    status: int | None = Field(default=None, ge=0, le=1, description="状态筛选")

backend/app/schemas/customer.py

@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+"""客户管理的请求/响应模型（需求 2.1.3）。"""
+
+from datetime import datetime
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, Field
+
+from app.core.response import PageQuery
+
+
+class CustomerOut(BaseModel):
+    """客户响应（列表、详情与写操作回包共用）。
+
+    owner_personnel_name 由 LEFT JOIN 带出：归属人员不可考（被物理删除的
+    脏数据）时为 null，owner_personnel_id 仍返回原值供追溯 —— 与归属留痕
+    「ID 固化、姓名随联表」同一口径。
+    """
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(from_attributes=True)
+
+    id: int
+    company_name: str
+    owner_name: str
+    contact_person: str | None = None
+    contact_phone: str | None = None
+    address: str | None = None
+    industry: str | None = None
+    customer_type: str
+    owner_personnel_id: int | None = None
+    owner_personnel_name: str | None = None
+    remark: str | None = None
+
+
+class CustomerCreateIn(BaseModel):
+    """新增客户。
+
+    owner_personnel_id 为**初始归属**，可空（客户先建档、后派归属也合法）；
+    归属的后续调整不走本模型，统一走 ``PUT /{id}/ownership``（见
+    ``CustomerUpdateIn`` 的说明）。字段名蛇形直出（M1 契约：前端 api 封装
+    与 schema 同名对应，仅分页信封 list/pageNum 驼峰）。
+    """
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(str_strip_whitespace=True)
+
+    company_name: str = Field(min_length=1, max_length=128, description="公司名称")
+    owner_name: str = Field(
+        min_length=1,
+        max_length=64,
+        description="客户负责人姓名（客户公司的负责人人名，非系统内营销人员）",
+    )
+    contact_person: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=64, description="联系人")
+    contact_phone: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=20, description="联系电话")
+    address: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=255, description="地址")
+    industry: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=64, description="所属行业")
+    customer_type: str = Field(
+        min_length=1,
+        max_length=32,
+        description="客户分类：personal个人户 manager_personal经理个人户 enterprise企业户",
+    )
+    owner_personnel_id: int | None = Field(
+        default=None,
+        ge=1,
+        description="归属负责营销人员ID（初始归属，可空）",
+    )
+    remark: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=255, description="备注")
+
+
+class CustomerUpdateIn(BaseModel):
+    """编辑客户（全量替换，前端表单全量提交）。
+
+    **不含 owner_personnel_id** —— 归属调整统一走 ``PUT /{id}/ownership``，
+    只有那条路径才写归属变更留痕。若在本端点放开该字段，会出现「改了归属
+    却无留痕」的旁路，破坏留痕的 append-only 完整性；编辑表单即使提交
+    ownerPersonnelId，pydantic 默认忽略未声明字段，归属以归属端点为准。
+    """
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(str_strip_whitespace=True)
+
+    company_name: str = Field(min_length=1, max_length=128, description="公司名称")
+    owner_name: str = Field(min_length=1, max_length=64, description="客户负责人姓名")
+    contact_person: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=64, description="联系人")
+    contact_phone: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=20, description="联系电话")
+    address: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=255, description="地址")
+    industry: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=64, description="所属行业")
+    customer_type: str = Field(
+        min_length=1,
+        max_length=32,
+        description="客户分类：personal个人户 manager_personal经理个人户 enterprise企业户",
+    )
+    remark: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=255, description="备注")
+
+
+class CustomerQuery(PageQuery):
+    """客户列表查询条件（字段名蛇形直出，与前端 api 封装同名对应）。"""
+
+    keyword: str | None = Field(
+        default=None, max_length=64, description="公司名称或客户负责人，模糊匹配"
+    )
+    customer_type: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=32, description="客户分类筛选")
+    owner_personnel_id: int | None = Field(default=None, ge=1, description="归属人员ID筛选")
+
+
+class CustomerOwnershipIn(BaseModel):
+    """归属变更入参。
+
+    new_owner_personnel_id 可空：null 表示清空归属（客户暂无负责人也合法）。
+    """
+
+    new_owner_personnel_id: int | None = Field(
+        default=None,
+        ge=1,
+        description="变更后归属人员ID，null=清空归属",
+    )
+    reason: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=255, description="变更原因")
+
+
+class OwnershipChangeLogOut(BaseModel):
+    """归属变更留痕响应。
+
+    新旧归属人员姓名由 LEFT JOIN 带出，人员被删除后为 null；固化的
+    ``*_personnel_id`` 始终原样返回 —— 留痕表对人员 ID 无外键固化
+    （见 `models/customer.py` 的论证），姓名可随人员消失，ID 不可。
+    """
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(from_attributes=True)
+
+    id: int
+    customer_id: int
+    old_owner_personnel_id: int | None = None
+    new_owner_personnel_id: int | None = None
+    old_owner_name: str | None = None
+    new_owner_name: str | None = None
+    change_reason: str | None = None
+    operator_id: int | None = None
+    operator_name: str
+    create_time: datetime

backend/app/schemas/param.py

@@ -0,0 +1,238 @@
+"""计提参数管理的请求/响应模型。
+
+字段命名与 user/role 一致采用蛇形直出（前端 TS 接口同构）。
+金额类入参用字符串承载（Decimal 解析），杜绝 float 精度损失。
+"""
+
+from datetime import date, datetime
+from decimal import Decimal, InvalidOperation
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, Field, field_validator, model_validator
+
+from app.core.response import PageQuery
+
+
+def _parse_amount(value: str, *, field_name: str, allow_negative: bool) -> str:
+    """金额字符串校验：必须可被 Decimal 解析；默认拒绝负数（毛利润额除外）。"""
+    try:
+        amount = Decimal(value.strip())
+    except InvalidOperation as exc:
+        raise ValueError(f"{field_name}必须是有效数字：{value}") from exc
+    if not amount.is_finite():
+        # 'NaN' 的比较会抛 InvalidOperation、'Infinity' 会在后续计算抛溢出，均须在入口拦下
+        raise ValueError(f"{field_name}必须为有限数字：{value}")
+    if not allow_negative and amount < 0:
+        raise ValueError(f"{field_name}不得为负数：{value}")
+    return value
+
+
+class ParamDimensionValueOut(BaseModel):
+    """某参数单个维度的当前生效值。"""
+
+    dimension_value: str
+    value_text: str
+    effective_date: date | None = None
+
+
+class ParamCatalogItemOut(BaseModel):
+    """参数目录项：定义元数据 + 各维度截至查询时点的生效值。"""
+
+    param_code: str
+    param_name: str
+    param_group: str
+    value_type: str
+    unit: str | None = None
+    dimension_type: str
+    options: list[str] = Field(default_factory=list)
+    default_value: str | None = None
+    value_min: str | None = None
+    value_max: str | None = None
+    description: str | None = None
+    values: list[ParamDimensionValueOut] = Field(default_factory=list)
+
+
+class ParamHistoryOut(BaseModel):
+    """单参数的版本历史条目（append-only 留痕）。"""
+
+    version_no: str
+    dimension_value: str
+    old_value_text: str | None = None
+    value_text: str
+    effective_date: date
+    operator_name: str
+    create_time: datetime
+
+
+class ParamChangeItemIn(BaseModel):
+    """变更条目：参数 + 维度 + 新值。"""
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(str_strip_whitespace=True)
+
+    param_code: str = Field(min_length=1, max_length=64)
+    dimension_value: str = Field(default="", max_length=32)
+    value: str = Field(min_length=1, max_length=64)
+
+
+class ParamChangeIn(BaseModel):
+    """提交变更批次。
+
+    change_type=1 立即生效（生效日期取今日）；change_type=2 指定日期生效，
+    生效日期必填且不得早于今日（过去没有「预约」的意义，历史回溯走重算授权）。
+    """
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(str_strip_whitespace=True)
+
+    change_type: int = Field(ge=1, le=2, description="生效方式：1立即生效 2指定日期生效")
+    effective_date: date | None = Field(default=None, description="指定日期生效时必填")
+    remark: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=255)
+    items: list[ParamChangeItemIn] = Field(min_length=1, max_length=50)
+
+    @model_validator(mode="after")
+    def _check_effective_date(self) -> "ParamChangeIn":
+        if self.change_type == 2 and self.effective_date is None:
+            raise ValueError("指定日期生效时必须提供生效日期")
+        return self
+
+
+class ParamChangeBatchOut(BaseModel):
+    """变更批次（提交/撤回/列表共用）。"""
+
+    id: int
+    version_no: str
+    effective_date: date
+    change_type: int
+    remark: str | None = None
+    operator_name: str
+    item_count: int
+    create_time: datetime
+
+
+class ParamBatchItemOut(BaseModel):
+    """批次明细条目（旧值 → 新值）。"""
+
+    param_code: str
+    param_name: str
+    dimension_value: str
+    old_value_text: str | None = None
+    value_text: str
+    effective_date: date
+
+
+class ParamBatchOut(BaseModel):
+    """变更批次（列表项）。"""
+
+    id: int
+    version_no: str
+    effective_date: date
+    change_type: int
+    remark: str | None = None
+    operator_name: str
+    item_count: int
+    create_time: datetime
+
+
+class ParamBatchDetailOut(BaseModel):
+    """批次明细：批次头 + 逐项变更。"""
+
+    id: int
+    version_no: str
+    effective_date: date
+    change_type: int
+    remark: str | None = None
+    operator_name: str
+    item_count: int
+    create_time: datetime
+    items: list[ParamBatchItemOut] = Field(default_factory=list)
+
+
+class ParamDiffOut(BaseModel):
+    """两日期快照对比项（全量参数，changed 标记是否变化）。"""
+
+    param_code: str
+    param_name: str
+    param_group: str
+    dimension_value: str
+    old_value: str | None = None
+    new_value: str | None = None
+    changed: bool
+
+
+class ParamPreviewIn(BaseModel):
+    """计算预览入参。金额用字符串承载，Decimal 解析。"""
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(str_strip_whitespace=True)
+
+    business_role: str | None = Field(
+        default=None, max_length=32, description="岗位编码，如 salesperson"
+    )
+    customer_type: str | None = Field(
+        default=None, max_length=32, description="客户类型：personal个人户 enterprise企业户"
+    )
+    product_category: str | None = Field(
+        default=None, max_length=32, description="产品类别：municipal_water/rail_transit"
+    )
+    ship_date: date = Field(description="发货日")
+    receipt_date: date = Field(description="回款到账日")
+    revenue: str = Field(min_length=1, description="销售额（不含运费）")
+    profit: str = Field(min_length=1, description="毛利润额（可为负）")
+    received_amount: str = Field(min_length=1, description="本笔回款金额")
+    barter: bool = Field(default=False, description="是否以物抵顶")
+    probation: bool = Field(default=False, description="是否试用期")
+
+    @field_validator("revenue", "received_amount")
+    @classmethod
+    def _check_non_negative(cls, value: str, info) -> str:
+        return _parse_amount(value, field_name=info.field_name, allow_negative=False)
+
+    @field_validator("profit")
+    @classmethod
+    def _check_profit(cls, value: str, info) -> str:
+        return _parse_amount(value, field_name=info.field_name, allow_negative=True)
+
+    @model_validator(mode="after")
+    def _check_dates(self) -> "ParamPreviewIn":
+        if self.receipt_date < self.ship_date:
+            raise ValueError("回款到账日不得早于发货日")
+        return self
+
+
+class ParamUsedOut(BaseModel):
+    """预览实际用到的参数（对账透明：取值与生效时点）。"""
+
+    param_code: str
+    value_text: str
+    effective_date: date | None = None
+
+
+class ParamPreviewOut(BaseModel):
+    """计算预览出参。分数串（如 97/10000）为精确值，金额为 Decimal 串。"""
+
+    payment_days: int
+    rate: str
+    rate_text: str
+    profit_rate: str
+    converted_profit: str
+    performance_amount: str
+    barter_applied: bool
+    performance_after_barter: str | None = None
+    start_payment_ok: bool
+    payment_weight_r: int
+    payment_weight: str
+    payable_amount: str
+    probation_note: str | None = None
+    params_used: list[ParamUsedOut] = Field(default_factory=list)
+
+
+class ParamBatchQuery(PageQuery):
+    """变更记录查询条件。"""
+
+    start_date: date | None = Field(default=None, description="生效日期起（含）")
+    end_date: date | None = Field(default=None, description="生效日期止（含）")
+
+
+class ParamHistoryQuery(PageQuery):
+    """参数历史查询条件。"""
+
+    dimension_value: str | None = Field(
+        default=None, max_length=32, description="按维度值筛选，空为全部"
+    )

backend/app/schemas/personnel.py

@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+"""营销人员的请求/响应模型（需求 2.1.1）。"""
+
+from datetime import date
+from decimal import Decimal, InvalidOperation
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, Field, field_validator
+
+from app.core.response import PageQuery
+
+# salary_standard 列为 Numeric(12,2)：整数部分最多 10 位。
+# 工资系统金额红线——入参出参一律 str，服务层转 Decimal，全程不经 float
+SALARY_MAX = Decimal("9999999999.99")
+
+
+class PersonnelRegionOut(BaseModel):
+    """辐射区域条目响应。"""
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(from_attributes=True)
+
+    id: int
+    region_name: str
+    remark: str | None = None
+
+
+class PersonnelPlanOut(BaseModel):
+    """拓展计划条目响应。"""
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(from_attributes=True)
+
+    id: int
+    plan_period: str
+    plan_content: str
+    target_desc: str | None = None
+
+
+class PersonnelOut(BaseModel):
+    """人员响应（列表与写操作回包共用）。"""
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(from_attributes=True)
+
+    id: int
+    personnel_name: str
+    business_role_id: int
+    role_name: str | None = None
+    manager_id: int | None = None
+    manager_name: str | None = None
+    phone: str | None = None
+    hire_date: date | None = None
+    is_probation: int = 0
+    salary_standard: str | None = None
+    status: int = 1
+    remark: str | None = None
+
+
+class PersonnelDetailOut(PersonnelOut):
+    """人员详情：附区域与拓展计划，供编辑抽屉一次回显。"""
+
+    regions: list[PersonnelRegionOut] = Field(default_factory=list)
+    plans: list[PersonnelPlanOut] = Field(default_factory=list)
+
+
+class PersonnelCreateIn(BaseModel):
+    """新增人员。"""
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(str_strip_whitespace=True)
+
+    personnel_name: str = Field(min_length=1, max_length=64, description="姓名")
+    business_role_id: int = Field(ge=1, description="岗位角色ID")
+    manager_id: int | None = Field(default=None, ge=1, description="直属营销经理ID，空=无")
+    phone: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=20, description="联系电话")
+    hire_date: date | None = Field(default=None, description="入职日期，ISO 格式")
+    is_probation: int = Field(default=0, ge=0, le=1, description="是否试用期：1是 0否")
+    salary_standard: str | None = Field(
+        default=None, description="月工资标准（元），字符串形式的数字"
+    )
+    remark: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=255)
+
+    @field_validator("salary_standard")
+    @classmethod
+    def _check_salary_standard(cls, value: str | None) -> str | None:
+        """按 Numeric(12,2) 的容量校验字符串金额。
+
+        金额以字符串进出避免 float 精度损失（项目金额红线）；
+        小数位超过两位直接拒绝而非静默舍入——舍入即算错钱。
+        """
+        if value is None:
+            return None
+        try:
+            amount = Decimal(value)
+        except InvalidOperation:
+            raise ValueError("工资标准须为有效数字") from None
+        if not amount.is_finite():
+            raise ValueError("工资标准须为有效数字")
+        if amount < 0:
+            raise ValueError("工资标准不能为负数")
+        if amount > SALARY_MAX:
+            raise ValueError("工资标准超出可录入上限")
+        if -amount.as_tuple().exponent > 2:
+            raise ValueError("工资标准最多两位小数")
+        return value
+
+
+class PersonnelUpdateIn(PersonnelCreateIn):
+    """编辑人员，全量提交、全量替换（不含状态，状态走独立接口）。"""
+
+
+class PersonnelStatusIn(BaseModel):
+    """在职/离职切换。"""
+
+    status: int = Field(ge=0, le=1, description="1在职 0离职")
+
+
+class RegionItemIn(BaseModel):
+    """辐射区域条目。"""
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(str_strip_whitespace=True)
+
+    region_name: str = Field(min_length=1, max_length=128, description="区域名称")
+    remark: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=255)
+
+
+class RegionReplaceIn(BaseModel):
+    """辐射区域全量替换。空列表即清空该人员的全部区域。"""
+
+    items: list[RegionItemIn] = Field(default_factory=list, description="全量条目")
+
+
+class PlanItemIn(BaseModel):
+    """拓展计划条目。"""
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(str_strip_whitespace=True)
+
+    plan_period: str = Field(min_length=1, max_length=32, description="计划期间，如 2026Q1")
+    plan_content: str = Field(min_length=1, max_length=500, description="计划内容")
+    target_desc: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=255, description="指标说明")
+
+
+class PlanReplaceIn(BaseModel):
+    """拓展计划全量替换。空列表即清空该人员的全部计划。"""
+
+    items: list[PlanItemIn] = Field(default_factory=list, description="全量条目")
+
+
+class PersonnelQuery(PageQuery):
+    """人员列表查询条件。"""
+
+    keyword: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=64, description="姓名，模糊匹配")
+    status: int | None = Field(default=None, ge=0, le=1, description="状态筛选：1在职 0离职")
+    business_role_id: int | None = Field(default=None, ge=1, description="岗位筛选")

backend/app/schemas/product.py

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+"""产品管理的请求/响应模型。
+
+数量与单价（stock_quantity/sale_price）入参出参一律用**字符串**承载：
+前端 JS 的 number 无法精确表示全部十进制小数，字符串是金额红线的入口闸门，
+Decimal 转换统一收敛在 service 层。字段命名与 user/role/param 一致采用
+蛇形直出（前端 TS 接口同构）。
+"""
+
+from datetime import datetime
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, Field, field_validator
+
+from app.core.response import PageQuery
+from app.schemas.business import AMOUNT_MAX, PRICE_MAX, _check_amount
+
+
+class ProductOut(BaseModel):
+    """产品响应（列表与详情共用）。数量/单价按红线以字符串出参。"""
+
+    id: int
+    product_name: str
+    spec_model: str
+    unit: str | None = None
+    stock_quantity: str | None = None
+    sale_price: str | None = None
+    product_category: str
+    status: int = 1
+    remark: str | None = None
+    create_time: datetime
+    update_time: datetime
+
+
+class ProductCreateIn(BaseModel):
+    """新增产品。
+
+    spec_model 允许缺省/空：service 层归一为空串（组合唯一键
+    uk_products_name_spec 对 NULL 不去重，归 NULL 会放行重名同规格数据）。
+    """
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(str_strip_whitespace=True)
+
+    product_name: str = Field(min_length=1, max_length=128, description="产品名称")
+    spec_model: str | None = Field(
+        default=None, max_length=128, description="规格型号，空归一为空串"
+    )
+    unit: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=16, description="计量单位")
+    stock_quantity: str | None = Field(default=None, description="数量，非负数字字符串")
+    sale_price: str | None = Field(default=None, description="销售单价（元），非负数字字符串")
+    product_category: str = Field(min_length=1, max_length=32, description="产品类别")
+    remark: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=255)
+
+    @field_validator("stock_quantity")
+    @classmethod
+    def _check_stock_quantity(cls, value: str | None) -> str | None:
+        """空串与 None 同义（可空列），归一为 None；非空走通用金额校验。
+
+        复用 _check_amount：容量/小数位与 DECIMAL(14,2) 列口径一致
+        （此前私写的 _parse_non_negative 不查小数位与容量，属同语义
+        字段两处口径漂移）。
+        """
+        if not value:
+            return None
+        return _check_amount(value, "数量", AMOUNT_MAX)
+
+    @field_validator("sale_price")
+    @classmethod
+    def _check_sale_price(cls, value: str | None) -> str | None:
+        """空串与 None 同义（可空列），归一为 None；非空走通用金额校验。
+
+        scale=4 与列口径 Numeric(14,4) 一致 —— 带精度的历史单价必须能
+        原样提交（「编辑任何带精度历史行都失败」的 fba8cfc 教训）。
+        """
+        if not value:
+            return None
+        return _check_amount(value, "销售单价", PRICE_MAX, scale=4)
+
+
+class ProductUpdateIn(ProductCreateIn):
+    """编辑产品。
+
+    前端表单全量提交，故为全量替换语义；**不含 status** —— 启用/停用是
+    独立操作（走 PUT /{id}/status），避免编辑表单误触停用。
+    """
+
+
+class ProductStatusIn(BaseModel):
+    """启用/停用产品。"""
+
+    status: int = Field(ge=0, le=1, description="1启用 0停用")
+
+
+class ProductQuery(PageQuery):
+    """产品列表查询条件。"""
+
+    keyword: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=64, description="名称或规格，模糊匹配")
+    product_category: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=32, description="按类别筛选")
+    status: int | None = Field(default=None, ge=0, le=1, description="状态筛选")

backend/app/schemas/rating.py

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+"""客户评级等级配置的请求/响应模型。
+
+分值（min_score/max_score）入参出参一律用**字符串**承载：前端 JS 的 number
+无法精确表示全部十进制小数，字符串是分值红线的入口闸门，Decimal 转换统一
+收敛在 service 层（与 schemas/product.py 同一口径）。
+
+注意：schema 只拦**格式**（可解析、有限数）；0≤min≤max≤100 与区间不重叠
+是横跨两字段/多行的业务值域规则，在 service 层审计上下文内统一判定 ——
+值域校验失败的 400 也要留痕（2026-10-13 定稿口径）。
+"""
+
+from datetime import datetime
+from decimal import Decimal, InvalidOperation
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, Field, field_validator
+
+
+def _parse_score(value: str, *, label: str) -> str:
+    """分值字符串格式校验：必须可被 Decimal 解析且为有限数。
+
+    ``NaN`` 参与比较抛 InvalidOperation、``Infinity`` 落库即溢出，均须在
+    入口用 ``is_finite()`` 拦下（与 schemas/product.py 的 _parse_non_negative
+    同口径）；非负与 ≤100 属业务值域，留给 service 层在审计上下文内判定。
+    """
+    try:
+        score = Decimal(value.strip())
+    except InvalidOperation as exc:
+        raise ValueError(f"{label}必须是有效数字：{value}") from exc
+    if not score.is_finite():
+        raise ValueError(f"{label}必须为有限数字：{value}")
+    return value
+
+
+class RatingGradeOut(BaseModel):
+    """评级等级响应（列表直出）。分值按红线以字符串出参。"""
+
+    id: int
+    grade_name: str
+    min_score: str
+    max_score: str
+    sort_order: int
+    remark: str | None = None
+    create_time: datetime
+    update_time: datetime
+
+
+class RatingGradeCreateIn(BaseModel):
+    """新增评级等级。
+
+    min_score/max_score 必填：区间是判定表的判定依据，缺省无从判定。
+    sort_order 缺省 0（列默认值同源），判定按其升序取首个命中等级。
+    """
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(str_strip_whitespace=True)
+
+    grade_name: str = Field(min_length=1, max_length=32, description="等级名称（如 A/优秀）")
+    min_score: str = Field(description="总分下限（含），0-100 数字字符串")
+    max_score: str = Field(description="总分上限（展示用），0-100 数字字符串")
+    sort_order: int = Field(default=0, ge=0, description="判定顺序，升序")
+    remark: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=255, description="说明")
+
+    @field_validator("min_score")
+    @classmethod
+    def _check_min_score(cls, value: str) -> str:
+        """总分下限须为有限数字（值域 0-100 由 service 层判定）。"""
+        return _parse_score(value, label="总分下限")
+
+    @field_validator("max_score")
+    @classmethod
+    def _check_max_score(cls, value: str) -> str:
+        """总分上限须为有限数字（值域 0-100 由 service 层判定）。"""
+        return _parse_score(value, label="总分上限")
+
+
+class RatingGradeUpdateIn(RatingGradeCreateIn):
+    """编辑评级等级。
+
+    前端表单全量提交，故为全量替换语义；等级表无启停状态列，字段与新增一致。
+    """

backend/app/schemas/receipt.py

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+"""回款管理的请求/响应模型（需求 2.2.3）。
+
+金额入参出参一律 str（服务层 Decimal，全程禁 float）；字段契约**纯蛇形
+直出**（2026-10-13 定稿，无驼峰 alias）。
+
+payment_days 是派生值（发货日 → 回款日的天数，对照表 #1），不在写接口
+入参内 —— 落库列只有 shipment_id 源数据，派生值实时计算，发货批次变更
+后无需回写历史。
+"""
+
+from datetime import date
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, Field, field_validator
+
+from app.core.response import PageQuery
+
+# 金额校验是工资系统的红线口径（数字/非负/容量/两位小数拒绝），跨 schema
+# 单点复用 T7 定稿工具，禁止各处复制导致口径漂移；AMOUNT_MAX 即
+# DECIMAL(14,2) 的容量上限，与回款列容量同源
+from app.schemas.business import AMOUNT_MAX, _check_amount
+
+
+class ReceiptCreateIn(BaseModel):
+    """新增回款：业务必选，发货批次可暂不指定（手动指定，对照表 #18）。
+
+    shipment_id 指向的发货单必须与本回款同属一个业务（服务层强校验，
+    数据完整性红线）；shipment_id 可空 = 暂未指定，指定后回款天数方可派生。
+    """
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(str_strip_whitespace=True)
+
+    business_id: int = Field(ge=1, description="业务ID")
+    shipment_id: int | None = Field(default=None, ge=1, description="发货单ID，可空=暂未指定")
+    receipt_date: date = Field(description="回款到账日（M3 按此日匹配参数版本）")
+    amount: str = Field(description="回款金额（元），≥0，最多两位小数")
+    is_barter: int = Field(default=0, ge=0, le=1, description="以物抵顶标记：1是 0否")
+    remark: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=255, description="备注")
+
+    @field_validator("amount")
+    @classmethod
+    def _check_amount_value(cls, value: str) -> str:
+        return _check_amount(value, "回款金额", AMOUNT_MAX) or value
+
+
+class ReceiptUpdateIn(BaseModel):
+    """编辑回款（全量替换语义）。
+
+    shipment_id 传 None = 清除指定（回到「暂未指定」）；amount 是必填项，
+    全量替换下不存在「不传即不变」的歧义。已核算（settlement_status=1）
+    的回款在服务层禁改，schema 层不感知该状态。
+    """
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(str_strip_whitespace=True)
+
+    shipment_id: int | None = Field(
+        default=None, ge=1, description="发货单ID，可空=暂未指定（传空清除既有指定）"
+    )
+    receipt_date: date = Field(description="回款到账日")
+    amount: str = Field(description="回款金额（元），≥0，最多两位小数")
+    is_barter: int = Field(default=0, ge=0, le=1, description="以物抵顶标记：1是 0否")
+    remark: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=255, description="备注")
+
+    @field_validator("amount")
+    @classmethod
+    def _check_amount_value(cls, value: str) -> str:
+        return _check_amount(value, "回款金额", AMOUNT_MAX) or value
+
+
+class ReceiptOut(BaseModel):
+    """回款响应（列表与写操作回包共用）。
+
+    business_no/shipment_no 为关联冗余展示；payment_days 为派生值：
+    未指定发货批次时为 None，指定后 = 发货日到回款日的天数（发货日首日
+    计第 1 天）。
+    """
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(from_attributes=True)
+
+    id: int
+    receipt_batch_no: str
+    business_id: int
+    business_no: str
+    shipment_id: int | None = None
+    shipment_no: str | None = None
+    receipt_date: date
+    amount: str
+    is_barter: int
+    settlement_status: int
+    payment_days: int | None = None
+    remark: str | None = None
+
+
+class ReceiptQuery(PageQuery):
+    """回款列表查询条件（筛选参数纯蛇形直出，同 BusinessQuery 契约）。"""
+
+    business_id: int | None = Field(default=None, ge=1, description="业务筛选")
+    date_from: date | None = Field(default=None, description="回款到账日起（含）")
+    date_to: date | None = Field(default=None, description="回款到账日止（含）")
+    is_barter: int | None = Field(default=None, ge=0, le=1, description="以物抵顶筛选：1是 0否")
+    settlement_status: int | None = Field(
+        default=None, ge=0, le=1, description="核算状态筛选：0未核算 1已核算"
+    )

backend/app/schemas/setting.py

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+"""系统设置（公司信息）请求/响应模型。
+
+`SettingPublicOut` 与 `SettingOut` **刻意不共用**：public 端点无鉴权，
+响应字段必须白名单显式列出——将来往 SettingOut 加敏感字段时不会
+顺着复用链泄漏到匿名端点。
+"""
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
+
+
+class SettingOut(BaseModel):
+    """公司信息（管理端）。"""
+
+    company_name: str
+    logo_url: str | None = None
+
+
+class SettingPublicOut(BaseModel):
+    """公司信息（匿名端点白名单）：登录页展示所需的两个字段。"""
+
+    company_name: str
+    logo_url: str | None = None
+
+
+class SettingUpdateIn(BaseModel):
+    """公司信息更新。"""
+
+    company_name: str = Field(min_length=1, max_length=64, description="公司名称")

backend/app/schemas/shipment.py

@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+"""发货管理的请求/响应模型（需求 2.2.2）。
+
+金额/数量入参出参一律 str（服务层 Decimal 运算，全程禁 float），容量与
+小数位校验复用 business.py 的 ``_check_amount``（同一套口径，防两处漂移）；
+字段契约全线蛇形直出（2026-10-13 定稿：无驼峰 alias）。
+
+amount（行金额）与 total_amount（发货总金额）不在入参内 —— 由服务层按
+数量×单价 计算固化，不信任前端传值；运费仅记录展示，不计入毛利润口径。
+"""
+
+from datetime import date
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, Field, field_validator
+
+from app.core.response import PageQuery
+from app.schemas.business import AMOUNT_MAX, PRICE_MAX, _check_amount
+
+
+class ShipmentItemIn(BaseModel):
+    """发货产品明细行（product_id 空=自由录入；价格口径两可，可空人工补）。"""
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(str_strip_whitespace=True)
+
+    product_id: int | None = Field(default=None, ge=1, description="产品ID；空=自由录入")
+    product_name: str = Field(min_length=1, max_length=128, description="产品名称")
+    spec_model: str | None = Field(
+        default=None, max_length=128, description="规格型号，空=空串归一"
+    )
+    unit: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=16, description="计量单位")
+    quantity: str = Field(description="数量，>0")
+    sale_price: str | None = Field(
+        default=None, description="发货单价（元），可空=待人工补价，补价前行金额记 0"
+    )
+
+    @field_validator("quantity")
+    @classmethod
+    def _check_quantity(cls, value: str) -> str:
+        return _check_amount(value, "数量", AMOUNT_MAX, allow_positive_only=True) or value
+
+    @field_validator("sale_price")
+    @classmethod
+    def _check_price(cls, value: str | None) -> str | None:
+        """发货单价列 DECIMAL(14,4)：按 4 位小数口径（回显可原样提交）。"""
+        return _check_amount(value, "单价", PRICE_MAX, scale=4)
+
+
+class ShipmentItemOut(BaseModel):
+    """发货产品明细行响应。金额/数量一律 str。"""
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(from_attributes=True)
+
+    id: int
+    product_id: int | None = None
+    product_name: str
+    spec_model: str | None = None
+    unit: str | None = None
+    quantity: str
+    sale_price: str | None = None
+    amount: str
+
+
+class ShipmentOut(BaseModel):
+    """发货单响应（列表与写操作回包共用）；business_no 为 join 附带列。"""
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(from_attributes=True)
+
+    id: int
+    shipment_no: str
+    business_id: int
+    business_no: str | None = None
+    ship_date: date
+    freight_amount: str
+    total_amount: str
+    remark: str | None = None
+
+
+class ShipmentDetailOut(ShipmentOut):
+    """发货单详情：附产品明细行。"""
+
+    items: list[ShipmentItemOut] = Field(default_factory=list)
+
+
+class ShipmentCreateIn(BaseModel):
+    """创建发货单：业务维度 + 明细行数组（明细 ≥1 行）。
+
+    字段名全线蛇形直出（同 business.py 契约，仅分页信封 list/pageNum 驼峰）。
+    """
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(str_strip_whitespace=True)
+
+    business_id: int = Field(ge=1, description="业务ID")
+    ship_date: date = Field(description="发货日期（回款天数基准日，发货日首日=第 1 天）")
+    freight_amount: str | None = Field(
+        default=None, description="运费金额（元），空记 0；仅记录展示，不计入毛利润口径"
+    )
+    items: list[ShipmentItemIn] = Field(min_length=1, description="发货明细行，至少 1 行")
+    remark: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=255)
+
+    @field_validator("freight_amount")
+    @classmethod
+    def _check_freight(cls, value: str | None) -> str | None:
+        """运费同样是金额源数据：复用 _check_amount 拒负数/多小数位/超容量。"""
+        return _check_amount(value, "运费金额", AMOUNT_MAX)
+
+
+class ShipmentUpdateIn(BaseModel):
+    """编辑发货单（明细全量替换）。
+
+    business_id 不在编辑入参内 —— 发货单挂靠的业务创建时定死，改挂会让
+    已指定本发货单的回款语义断裂。
+    """
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(str_strip_whitespace=True)
+
+    ship_date: date = Field(description="发货日期（回款天数基准日，发货日首日=第 1 天）")
+    freight_amount: str | None = Field(default=None, description="运费金额（元），空记 0")
+    items: list[ShipmentItemIn] = Field(
+        min_length=1, description="发货明细行，至少 1 行（全量替换）"
+    )
+    remark: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=255)
+
+    @field_validator("freight_amount")
+    @classmethod
+    def _check_freight(cls, value: str | None) -> str | None:
+        """运费同样是金额源数据：复用 _check_amount 拒负数/多小数位/超容量。"""
+        return _check_amount(value, "运费金额", AMOUNT_MAX)
+
+
+class ShipmentQuery(PageQuery):
+    """发货单列表查询条件（字段名蛇形直出，与前端 api 封装同名对应）。
+
+    business_id 可空=全量：发货单以业务维度查看为主（一期），但单号可
+    独立检索，不强制挂业务条件。
+    """
+
+    business_id: int | None = Field(default=None, ge=1, description="业务筛选，空=全部")
+    ship_date_from: date | None = Field(default=None, description="发货日期起（含）")
+    ship_date_to: date | None = Field(default=None, description="发货日期止（含）")

backend/app/services/approval_service.py

@@ -0,0 +1,330 @@
+"""审批流业务编排（2026-10-15 复核审批补充需求）。
+
+三级链路：营销后勤提交 → 财务复核 → 领导审核。行为由参数开关驱动
+（`approval.secondary_allocation.enabled` / `approval.monthly_settlement.enabled`）：
+
+- **关闭（默认）**：提交即生成审批单并「自动通过」全节点留痕（action=3，
+  operator 记「系统」）——留痕不断链，与「关闭=直接生效」的需求口径一致；
+- **开启**：status=1 待财务复核 → 2 待领导审核 → 3 已通过；任一节点驳回
+  即整体驳回（status=4），一期不做退回重走（简单状态机）。
+
+红线：
+- `submit_order` **不 commit、不嵌套 audit** —— 由业务写路径（business_service
+  的 create/update）既有 audit 上下文统一收口，违反嵌套禁令会让失败路径
+  回滚不完整（见 audit_service 模块 docstring）；
+- 节点准入**严格按角色编码**：status=1 仅财务、status=2 仅领导，admin 不
+  代办 —— 放行 admin 会让双人复核流退化成管理员单点审批；
+- 同一引用对象的在途单（status 1/2）在重新提交前先撤回（status=5 +
+  node=0/action=4 留痕），保证「一个对象至多一张在途单」。
+"""
+
+import logging
+from datetime import date
+
+from sqlalchemy import func, select
+from sqlalchemy.exc import IntegrityError
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+from app.core.constants import (
+    ACTION_APPROVE,
+    ACTION_REJECT,
+    MODULE_APPROVAL,
+    NO_PREFIX_APPROVAL,
+    ROLE_FINANCE,
+    ROLE_LEADER,
+)
+from app.core.db_errors import is_duplicate_entry
+from app.core.exceptions import BadRequestError, ForbiddenError, NotFoundError
+from app.core.response import PageResult
+from app.models import ApprovalOrder, ApprovalStep, User
+from app.models.approval import (
+    APPROVAL_ACTION_APPROVE,
+    APPROVAL_ACTION_AUTO_APPROVE,
+    APPROVAL_ACTION_WITHDRAW,
+    APPROVAL_NODE_FINANCE,
+    APPROVAL_NODE_LEADER,
+    APPROVAL_NODE_WITHDRAW,
+    APPROVAL_NODES,
+    APPROVAL_STATUS_APPROVED,
+    APPROVAL_STATUS_PENDING_FINANCE,
+    APPROVAL_STATUS_PENDING_LEADER,
+    APPROVAL_STATUS_REJECTED,
+    APPROVAL_STATUS_WITHDRAWN,
+)
+from app.repositories import user_repository
+from app.schemas.approval import (
+    ApprovalActionIn,
+    ApprovalOrderDetailOut,
+    ApprovalOrderOut,
+    ApprovalQuery,
+    ApprovalStepOut,
+)
+from app.services import audit_service, param_service
+from app.services.audit_service import AuditRecord, RequestMeta
+from app.services.no_generator import next_no
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+# 开关参数编码（与 param_registry 种子同源）
+ENABLE_CODE_BY_TYPE: dict[int, str] = {
+    1: "approval.secondary_allocation.enabled",
+    2: "approval.monthly_settlement.enabled",
+}
+
+_NO_RETRY = 1  # AP 单号唯一键冲突重试（next_no 的 MAX+FOR UPDATE 之外的兜底）
+
+# 在途状态集合（同一引用对象至多一张在途单）
+_PENDING_STATUSES = (APPROVAL_STATUS_PENDING_FINANCE, APPROVAL_STATUS_PENDING_LEADER)
+
+# 在途状态 → 当前节点应操作的角色（admin 不代办：单人审批绕过双人复核）
+_NODE_ROLE_BY_STATUS = {
+    APPROVAL_STATUS_PENDING_FINANCE: ROLE_FINANCE,
+    APPROVAL_STATUS_PENDING_LEADER: ROLE_LEADER,
+}
+
+_ROLE_LABEL = {ROLE_FINANCE: "财务", ROLE_LEADER: "领导"}
+
+
+def is_enabled(session: Session, order_type: int) -> bool:
+    """读当日参数快照判定审批开关（一次提交路径内只读一次，调用方勿重读）。"""
+    code = ENABLE_CODE_BY_TYPE.get(order_type)
+    if code is None:
+        raise BadRequestError("未知的审批对象类型")
+    return param_service.resolve_snapshot(session, date.today()).boolean(code)
+
+
+def submit_order(
+    session: Session,
+    *,
+    order_type: int,
+    ref_id: int,
+    refer_no: str,
+    submitter: User,
+    retry_on_conflict: bool,
+) -> ApprovalOrder:
+    """提单（业务写路径内部调用；不 commit、不嵌套 audit）。
+
+    同一引用对象的在途单先撤回留痕再建新单；开关关闭时生成即自动通过
+    （全节点 action=3 留痕）。
+
+    :param retry_on_conflict: AP 编号撞唯一键时是否允许本函数内部
+        rollback 后重取。**仅 create 传 True**——它外层有编号重试循环，
+        rollback 后整体重来；update 路径必须传 False：内部 rollback 会把
+        同事务的业务行修改一并回滚，静默继续会「返回 200 库里没改」。
+        False 时 IntegrityError 直接抛出 → 审计上下文回滚并记失败 →
+        全局 handler 收敛 400，用户重试即可。
+    """
+    _withdraw_pending(session, order_type=order_type, ref_id=ref_id, operator=submitter)
+
+    order = ApprovalOrder(
+        order_no=next_no(
+            session,
+            model=ApprovalOrder,
+            column_name="order_no",
+            prefix=NO_PREFIX_APPROVAL,
+        ),
+        order_type=order_type,
+        ref_id=ref_id,
+        refer_no=refer_no,
+        submitter_id=submitter.id,
+        submitter_name=submitter.username,
+    )
+    session.add(order)
+
+    if is_enabled(session, order_type):
+        order.status = APPROVAL_STATUS_PENDING_FINANCE
+        _flush_order(session, order, retry_on_conflict=retry_on_conflict)
+        logger.info("审批单待审 | order=%s", order.order_no)
+        return order
+
+    # 开关关闭=直接生效：两级节点各记一条「自动通过」，留痕不断链
+    order.status = APPROVAL_STATUS_APPROVED
+    _flush_order(session, order, retry_on_conflict=retry_on_conflict)
+    session.add_all(
+        [
+            ApprovalStep(
+                order_id=order.id,
+                node=node,
+                action=APPROVAL_ACTION_AUTO_APPROVE,
+                operator_name="系统",
+            )
+            for node in (APPROVAL_NODE_FINANCE, APPROVAL_NODE_LEADER)
+        ]
+    )
+    session.flush()
+    logger.info("审批单自动通过 | order=%s（开关关闭）", order.order_no)
+    return order
+
+
+def act(
+    session: Session,
+    order_id: int,
+    payload: ApprovalActionIn,
+    *,
+    operator: User,
+    meta: RequestMeta | None = None,
+) -> ApprovalOrderDetailOut:
+    """节点动作（财务复核/领导审核）：状态机流转 + 节点留痕（审计上下文）。
+
+    通过：status=1 → 2（下一步领导）；status=2 → 3（终态已通过）。
+    驳回：任一在途状态 → 4（整体驳回，一期不退回重走）。
+    节点留痕的 node 取**动作发生时的当前节点**（通过/驳回都记在操作节点上）。
+    """
+    codes = set(user_repository.get_role_codes(operator))
+    verb = ACTION_APPROVE if payload.action == APPROVAL_ACTION_APPROVE else ACTION_REJECT
+    with audit_service.audit(
+        session,
+        operator=operator,
+        record=AuditRecord(
+            module=MODULE_APPROVAL,
+            action=verb,
+            summary=f"审批单 #{order_id} {verb}",
+            request_data=payload.model_dump(),
+        ),
+        meta=meta,
+    ):
+        order = session.get(ApprovalOrder, order_id, with_for_update=True)
+        if order is None:
+            raise NotFoundError("审批单不存在")
+        if order.status not in _PENDING_STATUSES:
+            raise BadRequestError("审批单已结束，不可重复操作")
+
+        required_role = _NODE_ROLE_BY_STATUS[order.status]
+        if required_role not in codes:
+            raise ForbiddenError(f"当前节点须{_ROLE_LABEL[required_role]}角色操作")
+
+        node_now = APPROVAL_NODES[order.status]
+        if payload.action == APPROVAL_ACTION_APPROVE:
+            order.status = (
+                APPROVAL_STATUS_PENDING_LEADER
+                if order.status == APPROVAL_STATUS_PENDING_FINANCE
+                else APPROVAL_STATUS_APPROVED
+            )
+        else:
+            order.status = APPROVAL_STATUS_REJECTED
+
+        session.add(
+            ApprovalStep(
+                order_id=order.id,
+                node=node_now,
+                action=payload.action,
+                opinion=payload.opinion,
+                operator_id=operator.id,
+                operator_name=operator.username,
+            )
+        )
+        session.commit()
+        return _detail_of(session, order)
+
+
+def list_orders(session: Session, query: ApprovalQuery) -> PageResult[ApprovalOrderOut]:
+    """分页查询审批单（准入由 api 层依赖判定）。"""
+    filters = _order_filters(query)
+    rows = (
+        session.execute(
+            select(ApprovalOrder)
+            .where(*filters)
+            .order_by(ApprovalOrder.id.desc())
+            .offset(query.offset)
+            .limit(query.page_size)
+        )
+        .scalars()
+        .all()
+    )
+    total = session.execute(
+        select(func.count()).select_from(ApprovalOrder).where(*filters)
+    ).scalar_one()
+    return PageResult[ApprovalOrderOut](
+        records=[ApprovalOrderOut.model_validate(r) for r in rows],
+        total=int(total),
+        page_num=query.page_num,
+        page_size=query.page_size,
+    )
+
+
+def get_order(session: Session, order_id: int) -> ApprovalOrderDetailOut:
+    """审批单详情（附节点时间线）。"""
+    order = session.get(ApprovalOrder, order_id)
+    if order is None:
+        raise NotFoundError("审批单不存在")
+    return _detail_of(session, order)
+
+
+def _withdraw_pending(session: Session, *, order_type: int, ref_id: int, operator: User) -> None:
+    """撤回引用对象的在途单（重新提交前调用；不 commit）。"""
+    pending = (
+        session.execute(
+            select(ApprovalOrder).where(
+                ApprovalOrder.order_type == order_type,
+                ApprovalOrder.ref_id == ref_id,
+                ApprovalOrder.status.in_(_PENDING_STATUSES),
+            )
+        )
+        .scalars()
+        .all()
+    )
+    for order in pending:
+        order.status = APPROVAL_STATUS_WITHDRAWN
+        session.add(
+            ApprovalStep(
+                order_id=order.id,
+                node=APPROVAL_NODE_WITHDRAW,
+                action=APPROVAL_ACTION_WITHDRAW,
+                operator_id=operator.id,
+                operator_name=operator.username,
+            )
+        )
+    if pending:
+        session.flush()
+        logger.info("撤回在途审批单 %s 张 | ref=%s", len(pending), ref_id)
+
+
+def _flush_order(session: Session, order: ApprovalOrder, *, retry_on_conflict: bool) -> None:
+    """flush 提单；撞 AP 单号唯一键时按 retry_on_conflict 决定重取或抛出。
+
+    rollback 会连业务写路径的未提交变更一并回滚 —— 见 submit_order 的
+    retry_on_conflict 说明（create 才允许内部重取）。
+    """
+    for attempt in range(_NO_RETRY + 1):
+        try:
+            session.flush()
+            return
+        except IntegrityError as exc:
+            session.rollback()
+            if is_duplicate_entry(exc) and retry_on_conflict and attempt < _NO_RETRY:
+                order.id = None  # rollback 后实例回 transient，主键重新分配
+                order.order_no = next_no(
+                    session,
+                    model=ApprovalOrder,
+                    column_name="order_no",
+                    prefix=NO_PREFIX_APPROVAL,
+                )
+                session.add(order)
+                continue
+            raise
+
+
+def _detail_of(session: Session, order: ApprovalOrder) -> ApprovalOrderDetailOut:
+    """出参组装（含 steps 时间线）。"""
+    steps = (
+        session.execute(
+            select(ApprovalStep).where(ApprovalStep.order_id == order.id).order_by(ApprovalStep.id)
+        )
+        .scalars()
+        .all()
+    )
+    detail = ApprovalOrderDetailOut.model_validate(order)
+    detail.steps = [ApprovalStepOut.model_validate(s) for s in steps]
+    return detail
+
+
+def _order_filters(query: ApprovalQuery) -> tuple:
+    filters = []
+    if query.keyword:
+        like = f"%{query.keyword}%"
+        filters.append(ApprovalOrder.order_no.like(like) | ApprovalOrder.refer_no.like(like))
+    if query.status is not None:
+        filters.append(ApprovalOrder.status == query.status)
+    if query.order_type is not None:
+        filters.append(ApprovalOrder.order_type == query.order_type)
+    return tuple(filters)

backend/app/services/business_role_service.py

@@ -0,0 +1,287 @@
+"""业务岗位角色管理业务编排。
+
+需求 #28 的落点：岗位可增删、绑定公式模板（有限集合，代码内注册表），
+新增岗位无需改代码。保护规则（前端会禁用相应按钮，**后端校验是唯一防线**）：
+
+- 内置岗位（is_builtin=1：营销员/营销经理/信息员）**禁删禁停** ——
+  参数种子与核算模板按编码锚定（如 salesperson 的递减公式参数行）
+- `role_code` 创建后不可改 —— 它是参数维度值（param_values.dimension_value）
+  与模板绑定语义的锚点
+- `calc_template` 必须是模板注册表（calc_templates.TEMPLATES）内的编码
+- 有人员引用的岗位禁删 —— ② 落地 personnel 表后由引用计数生效，
+  当前钩子恒为空（见 business_role_repository.count_personnel_by_role）
+"""
+
+import logging
+
+from sqlalchemy.exc import IntegrityError
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+from app.core.constants import (
+    ACTION_CREATE,
+    ACTION_DELETE,
+    ACTION_DISABLE,
+    ACTION_ENABLE,
+    ACTION_UPDATE,
+    MODULE_BUSINESS_ROLE,
+)
+from app.core.exceptions import BadRequestError, ForbiddenError, NotFoundError
+from app.core.response import PageResult
+from app.models import BusinessRole, User
+from app.repositories import business_role_repository
+from app.schemas.business_role import (
+    BusinessRoleCreateIn,
+    BusinessRoleOut,
+    BusinessRoleQuery,
+    BusinessRoleUpdateIn,
+    TemplateOptionOut,
+    TemplateParamOut,
+)
+from app.services import audit_service
+from app.services.audit_service import AuditRecord, RequestMeta
+from app.services.calc_templates import TEMPLATES
+from app.services.param_registry import PARAM_REGISTRY
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def _to_out(role: BusinessRole) -> BusinessRoleOut:
+    """ORM 对象转响应模型。禁止把 ORM 对象直接当 response_model。"""
+    return BusinessRoleOut(
+        id=role.id,
+        role_code=role.role_code,
+        role_name=role.role_name,
+        calc_template=role.calc_template,
+        description=role.description,
+        sort_order=role.sort_order,
+        status=role.status,
+        is_builtin=role.is_builtin,
+    )
+
+
+def _ensure_template(calc_template: str) -> None:
+    """模板必须存在于代码内注册表（前端为受控下拉，后端仍须校验）。"""
+    if calc_template not in TEMPLATES:
+        raise BadRequestError(f"计提公式模板 {calc_template!r} 不存在")
+
+
+def list_roles(session: Session, query: BusinessRoleQuery) -> PageResult[BusinessRoleOut]:
+    """分页查询岗位（含停用）。"""
+    roles = business_role_repository.list_roles(
+        session,
+        offset=query.offset,
+        limit=query.page_size,
+        keyword=query.keyword,
+        status=query.status,
+    )
+    total = business_role_repository.count_roles(
+        session, keyword=query.keyword, status=query.status
+    )
+    return PageResult[BusinessRoleOut](
+        records=[_to_out(role) for role in roles],
+        total=total,
+        page_num=query.page_num,
+        page_size=query.page_size,
+    )
+
+
+def get_role(session: Session, role_id: int) -> BusinessRoleOut:
+    """岗位详情。
+
+    :raises NotFoundError: 岗位不存在
+    """
+    role = business_role_repository.get_by_id(session, role_id)
+    if role is None:
+        raise NotFoundError("岗位不存在")
+    return _to_out(role)
+
+
+def list_template_options() -> list[TemplateOptionOut]:
+    """公式模板下拉（含声明参数，供岗位表单展示与引导配置）。"""
+    options: list[TemplateOptionOut] = []
+    for tpl in TEMPLATES.values():
+        options.append(
+            TemplateOptionOut(
+                code=tpl.code,
+                name=tpl.name,
+                description=tpl.description,
+                params=[
+                    TemplateParamOut(code=code, name=PARAM_REGISTRY[code].name)
+                    for code in tpl.params
+                ],
+            )
+        )
+    return options
+
+
+def create_role(
+    session: Session,
+    payload: BusinessRoleCreateIn,
+    *,
+    operator: User,
+    meta: RequestMeta | None = None,
+) -> BusinessRoleOut:
+    """新增岗位。编码唯一、创建后不可修改，新岗位固定启用、非内置。
+
+    :raises BadRequestError: 编码已存在 / 模板不存在
+    """
+    _ensure_template(payload.calc_template)
+    with audit_service.audit(
+        session,
+        operator=operator,
+        record=AuditRecord(
+            module=MODULE_BUSINESS_ROLE,
+            action=ACTION_CREATE,
+            summary=f"新增岗位 {payload.role_name}({payload.role_code})",
+            request_data=payload.model_dump(exclude_none=True),
+        ),
+        meta=meta,
+    ):
+        if business_role_repository.get_by_code(session, payload.role_code) is not None:
+            raise BadRequestError(f"岗位编码 {payload.role_code!r} 已存在")
+
+        role = BusinessRole(
+            role_code=payload.role_code,
+            role_name=payload.role_name,
+            calc_template=payload.calc_template,
+            description=payload.description,
+            sort_order=payload.sort_order,
+            status=1,
+            is_builtin=0,
+        )
+        try:
+            business_role_repository.create(session, role)
+            out = _to_out(role)
+            session.commit()
+        except IntegrityError as exc:
+            # 先查后写不是原子操作：并发提交同一编码会撞 uk_business_roles_role_code
+            session.rollback()
+            raise BadRequestError(f"岗位编码 {payload.role_code!r} 已存在") from exc
+
+        logger.info(
+            "新增岗位 | role_code=%s | template=%s", payload.role_code, payload.calc_template
+        )
+        return out
+
+
+def update_role(
+    session: Session,
+    role_id: int,
+    payload: BusinessRoleUpdateIn,
+    *,
+    operator: User,
+    meta: RequestMeta | None = None,
+) -> BusinessRoleOut:
+    """编辑岗位名称/模板/说明/排序（全量替换，不含 role_code）。
+
+    :raises NotFoundError: 岗位不存在
+    :raises BadRequestError: 模板不存在
+    """
+    role = business_role_repository.get_by_id(session, role_id)
+    _ensure_template(payload.calc_template)
+    with audit_service.audit(
+        session,
+        operator=operator,
+        record=AuditRecord(
+            module=MODULE_BUSINESS_ROLE,
+            action=ACTION_UPDATE,
+            summary=f"修改岗位 {role.role_name if role else f'#{role_id}'}",
+            request_data=payload.model_dump(exclude_none=True),
+        ),
+        meta=meta,
+    ):
+        if role is None:
+            raise NotFoundError("岗位不存在")
+
+        role.role_name = payload.role_name
+        role.calc_template = payload.calc_template
+        role.description = payload.description
+        role.sort_order = payload.sort_order
+        # 响应与后置动作全部在 commit 之前完成（见 user_service 顶部说明）
+        out = _to_out(role)
+        session.commit()
+        logger.info("修改岗位 | role_id=%s | template=%s", role_id, payload.calc_template)
+        return out
+
+
+def set_status(
+    session: Session,
+    role_id: int,
+    status: int,
+    *,
+    operator: User,
+    meta: RequestMeta | None = None,
+) -> BusinessRoleOut:
+    """启用或禁用岗位。内置岗位不可停用（参数种子按编码锚定）。
+
+    :raises NotFoundError: 岗位不存在
+    :raises ForbiddenError: 试图停用内置岗位
+    """
+    role = business_role_repository.get_by_id(session, role_id)
+    verb = "启用" if status == 1 else "禁用"
+    with audit_service.audit(
+        session,
+        operator=operator,
+        record=AuditRecord(
+            module=MODULE_BUSINESS_ROLE,
+            action=ACTION_ENABLE if status == 1 else ACTION_DISABLE,
+            summary=f"{verb}岗位 {role.role_name if role else f'#{role_id}'}",
+            request_data={"status": status},
+        ),
+        meta=meta,
+    ):
+        if role is None:
+            raise NotFoundError("岗位不存在")
+
+        if role.is_builtin == 1 and status == 0:
+            raise ForbiddenError("内置岗位不可停用")
+
+        role.status = status
+        out = _to_out(role)
+        session.commit()
+        logger.info("变更岗位状态 | role_id=%s | status=%s", role_id, status)
+        return out
+
+
+def delete_role(
+    session: Session,
+    role_id: int,
+    *,
+    operator: User,
+    meta: RequestMeta | None = None,
+) -> None:
+    """删除岗位。内置岗位不可删除；有人员引用的岗位不可删除。
+
+    查询走 ``FOR UPDATE`` 锁行：校验与删除之间若发生并发引用（M2 接入后），
+    锁行使并发写入失败（可见）而非引用被静默悬空（不可见）。
+
+    :raises NotFoundError: 岗位不存在
+    :raises ForbiddenError: 试图删除内置岗位
+    :raises BadRequestError: 岗位下仍有人引用
+    """
+    role = business_role_repository.get_by_id(session, role_id, for_update=True)
+    with audit_service.audit(
+        session,
+        operator=operator,
+        record=AuditRecord(
+            module=MODULE_BUSINESS_ROLE,
+            action=ACTION_DELETE,
+            summary=f"删除岗位 {role.role_name if role else f'#{role_id}'}",
+        ),
+        meta=meta,
+    ):
+        if role is None:
+            raise NotFoundError("岗位不存在")
+
+        if role.is_builtin == 1:
+            raise ForbiddenError("内置岗位不可删除")
+
+        counts = business_role_repository.count_personnel_by_role(session, [role_id])
+        person_count = counts.get(role_id, 0)
+        if person_count > 0:
+            raise BadRequestError(f"该岗位下仍有 {person_count} 名人员，请先调整归属")
+
+        role_code = role.role_code  # 固化：对象随删除失效
+        business_role_repository.delete(session, role)
+        session.commit()
+        logger.info("删除岗位 | role_code=%s", role_code)

backend/app/services/business_service.py

@@ -0,0 +1,847 @@
+"""业务管理业务编排（需求 2.2.1/2.2.4）。
+
+事务边界在本层：repository 只 flush，commit/rollback 只写在这里。
+
+- 业务编号自动生成（no_generator.next_no）：MAX+FOR UPDATE 锁当日序号区间，
+  残余竞态以唯一键（1062）冲突重试一次兜底
+- 五项汇总冗余（total_sale/cost/ship/received/freight）由 ``_recalc_totals``
+  单点重算 —— 明细/发货/回款任何写路径收口到此函数，禁止各处手写
+- 状态机：1执行中 → 2已完成 / 3已终止；终态不可再变更（一期口径，开放问题 #8）；
+  终止必填原因；每次流转写 business_status_logs（创建写首条 old=new=1）
+- 归属变更（负责/协助）写 ownership_change_logs（owner_type=2），同事务一次
+  commit；只影响变更后核算，不回溯历史（对照表 #19）
+- 毛利润视图为只读派生值（复用 formula.profit_rate/converted_profit），
+  阈值按 asOf 取 M1 参数快照 —— 落库即漂移，M3 台账才是固化点
+"""
+
+import logging
+from datetime import date
+from decimal import ROUND_HALF_UP, Decimal
+from fractions import Fraction
+
+from sqlalchemy import Row, func, select
+from sqlalchemy.exc import IntegrityError
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+from app.core.constants import (
+    ACTION_CREATE,
+    ACTION_DELETE,
+    ACTION_UPDATE,
+    MODULE_BUSINESS,
+    NO_PREFIX_BUSINESS,
+)
+from app.core.db_errors import is_duplicate_entry
+from app.core.exceptions import BadRequestError, NotFoundError
+from app.core.response import PageQuery, PageResult
+from app.models import (
+    Business,
+    BusinessItem,
+    BusinessStatusLog,
+    Customer,
+    OwnershipChangeLog,
+    Personnel,
+    Receipt,
+    SecondaryAllocation,
+    Shipment,
+    User,
+)
+from app.models.approval import APPROVAL_TYPE_SECONDARY_ALLOCATION
+from app.models.business import (
+    BUSINESS_STATUS_ACTIVE,
+    BUSINESS_STATUS_DONE,
+)
+from app.models.customer import OWNER_TYPE_BUSINESS
+from app.repositories import business_repository, customer_repository
+from app.schemas.business import (
+    BusinessCreateIn,
+    BusinessDetailOut,
+    BusinessItemIn,
+    BusinessItemOut,
+    BusinessOut,
+    BusinessOwnershipIn,
+    BusinessQuery,
+    BusinessStatusIn,
+    BusinessStatusLogOut,
+    BusinessUpdateIn,
+    GrossProfitCategoryOut,
+    GrossProfitOut,
+    GrossProfitRowOut,
+    OwnershipChangeLogOut,
+    SecondaryAllocationIn,
+    SecondaryAllocationOut,
+)
+from app.services import approval_service, audit_service, param_service, personnel_service
+from app.services.audit_service import AuditRecord, RequestMeta
+from app.services.formula import converted_profit, profit_rate
+from app.services.no_generator import next_no
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+# 编号唯一键冲突后的重试次数：MAX+FOR UPDATE 已覆盖绝大多数竞态，
+# 重试是为极端场景（锁等待超时后重入）兜底 —— 无限重试反而掩盖死锁类缺陷
+_NO_RETRY = 1
+
+
+def _to_out(row: tuple) -> BusinessOut:
+    """(business, company_name, owner_name, assistant_name) → 响应模型。
+
+    金额冗余列出参 str；汇总列可能为 NULL（server_default 只对 INSERT 生效，
+    存量行可能为 NULL），统一转 "0" 保持契约稳定。
+    """
+    business, company_name, owner_name, assistant_name = row
+    return BusinessOut(
+        id=business.id,
+        business_no=business.business_no,
+        customer_id=business.customer_id,
+        customer_name=company_name,
+        business_date=business.business_date,
+        status=business.status,
+        owner_personnel_id=business.owner_personnel_id,
+        owner_personnel_name=owner_name,
+        assistant_personnel_id=business.assistant_personnel_id,
+        assistant_personnel_name=assistant_name,
+        is_special=business.is_special,
+        special_note=business.special_note,
+        total_sale_amount=_str_or_zero(business.total_sale_amount),
+        total_cost_amount=_str_or_zero(business.total_cost_amount),
+        total_ship_amount=_str_or_zero(business.total_ship_amount),
+        total_received_amount=_str_or_zero(business.total_received_amount),
+        total_freight_amount=_str_or_zero(business.total_freight_amount),
+        remark=business.remark,
+    )
+
+
+def _str_or_zero(value: Decimal | None) -> str:
+    return str(value) if value is not None else "0"
+
+
+def _item_to_out(item: BusinessItem) -> BusinessItemOut:
+    return BusinessItemOut(
+        id=item.id,
+        product_id=item.product_id,
+        product_name=item.product_name,
+        spec_model=item.spec_model,
+        unit=item.unit,
+        product_category=item.product_category,
+        quantity=str(item.quantity),
+        sale_price=str(item.sale_price) if item.sale_price is not None else None,
+        sale_amount=str(item.sale_amount),
+        cost_amount=str(item.cost_amount) if item.cost_amount is not None else None,
+        guided_price=str(item.guided_price) if item.guided_price is not None else None,
+        remark=item.remark,
+    )
+
+
+def _build_item_rows(business_id: int, items: list[BusinessItemIn]) -> list[BusinessItem]:
+    """入参明细行转 ORM 行：sale_amount 服务层按 数量×单价 计算固化。
+
+    不信任前端传值（schema 亦无 sale_amount 入参）——单价可空时销售额记 0，
+    由用户在编辑中补价后重算（毛利润视图中销售额 0 的行全部为 0，防除零）。
+    乘积显式 quantize 两位固化：数量(2位)×单价(4位) 可产 6 位小数，直写
+    DECIMAL(14,2) 会被 MySQL 静默舍入且回显漂移（创建响应读内存值、复查
+    读库值前后不一致）；HALF_UP 与 MySQL 的 DECIMAL 舍入方向一致。
+    """
+    rows: list[BusinessItem] = []
+    for item in items:
+        quantity = Decimal(item.quantity)
+        sale_price = Decimal(item.sale_price) if item.sale_price is not None else None
+        sale_amount = (
+            (quantity * sale_price).quantize(Decimal("0.01"), rounding=ROUND_HALF_UP)
+            if sale_price is not None
+            else Decimal("0.00")
+        )
+        rows.append(
+            BusinessItem(
+                business_id=business_id,
+                product_id=item.product_id,
+                product_name=item.product_name,
+                spec_model=item.spec_model or "",
+                unit=item.unit,
+                product_category=item.product_category,
+                quantity=quantity,
+                sale_price=sale_price,
+                sale_amount=sale_amount,
+                cost_amount=Decimal(item.cost_amount) if item.cost_amount is not None else None,
+                guided_price=Decimal(item.guided_price) if item.guided_price is not None else None,
+                remark=item.remark,
+            )
+        )
+    return rows
+
+
+def _recalc_totals(session: Session, business: Business) -> None:
+    """重算业务的五项汇总冗余（明细/发货/回款写路径统一收口）。
+
+    五条独立聚合查询（各表单列 SUM，走 business_id 索引）——业务单据量级
+    为单业务数行，不值得为省查询做单大 JOIN。
+    """
+    sale = session.execute(
+        _sum(BusinessItem.sale_amount, BusinessItem.business_id, business.id)
+    ).scalar_one()
+    cost = session.execute(
+        _sum(BusinessItem.cost_amount, BusinessItem.business_id, business.id)
+    ).scalar_one()
+    ship = session.execute(_sum_ship_items(business.id)).scalar_one()
+    freight = session.execute(
+        _sum(Shipment.freight_amount, Shipment.business_id, business.id)
+    ).scalar_one()
+    received = session.execute(_sum(Receipt.amount, Receipt.business_id, business.id)).scalar_one()
+    business.total_sale_amount = sale or Decimal("0")
+    business.total_cost_amount = cost or Decimal("0")
+    business.total_ship_amount = ship or Decimal("0")
+    business.total_freight_amount = freight or Decimal("0")
+    business.total_received_amount = received or Decimal("0")
+
+
+def _sum(column, match_column, value) -> object:
+    return select(func.sum(column)).where(match_column == value)
+
+
+def _sum_ship_items(business_id: int):
+    """发货明细行金额合计（经发货单关联到业务）。"""
+    from app.models import ShipmentItem
+
+    return (
+        select(func.sum(ShipmentItem.amount))
+        .select_from(ShipmentItem)
+        .join(Shipment, Shipment.id == ShipmentItem.shipment_id)
+        .where(Shipment.business_id == business_id)
+    )
+
+
+def _generate_no(session: Session) -> str:
+    """生成业务编号（MAX+FOR UPDATE；1062 兜底重试一次，见模块 docstring）。"""
+    return next_no(session, model=Business, column_name="business_no", prefix=NO_PREFIX_BUSINESS)
+
+
+def _ensure_personnel_active(session: Session, personnel_id: int, label: str) -> Personnel:
+    """归属人员须存在且在职（共享校验收口于 personnel_service.ensure_active）。"""
+    return personnel_service.ensure_active(session, personnel_id, label=label)
+
+
+def _ensure_customer(session: Session, customer_id: int) -> Customer:
+    customer = customer_repository.get_by_id(session, customer_id)
+    if customer is None:
+        raise NotFoundError("客户不存在")
+    return customer
+
+
+def _is_duplicate_entry(exc: IntegrityError) -> bool:
+    return is_duplicate_entry(exc)
+
+
+def list_businesses(session: Session, query: BusinessQuery) -> PageResult[BusinessOut]:
+    """分页查询业务（附客户名与归属人名）。"""
+    rows = business_repository.list_businesses(
+        session,
+        offset=query.offset,
+        limit=query.page_size,
+        keyword=query.keyword,
+        status=query.status,
+        customer_id=query.customer_id,
+        owner_personnel_id=query.owner_personnel_id,
+        date_from=query.date_from,
+        date_to=query.date_to,
+    )
+    total = business_repository.count_businesses(
+        session,
+        keyword=query.keyword,
+        status=query.status,
+        customer_id=query.customer_id,
+        owner_personnel_id=query.owner_personnel_id,
+        date_from=query.date_from,
+        date_to=query.date_to,
+    )
+    return PageResult[BusinessOut](
+        records=[_to_out(row) for row in rows],
+        total=total,
+        page_num=query.page_num,
+        page_size=query.page_size,
+    )
+
+
+def get_detail(session: Session, business_id: int) -> BusinessDetailOut:
+    """业务详情（附明细行与二次分配方案，供编辑抽屉回显）。
+
+    :raises NotFoundError: 业务不存在
+    """
+    row = business_repository.get_with_names(session, business_id)
+    if row is None:
+        raise NotFoundError("业务不存在")
+    out = BusinessDetailOut(**_to_out(row).model_dump())
+    out.items = [
+        _item_to_out(item) for item in business_repository.list_items(session, business_id)
+    ]
+    allocations = business_repository.list_allocations(session, business_id)
+    out.secondary_allocations = [
+        SecondaryAllocationOut(
+            personnel_id=a.personnel_id, personnel_name=a.personnel_name, ratio=str(a.ratio)
+        )
+        for a in allocations
+    ]
+    out.allocation_hint = _allocation_hint(allocations)
+    return out
+
+
+def _build_allocation_rows(
+    session: Session, business_id: int, items: list[SecondaryAllocationIn]
+) -> list[SecondaryAllocation]:
+    """构造二次分配明细行：人员在职校验 + 姓名冗余固化 + 比例转 Decimal。
+
+    :raises BadRequestError: 参与人员不存在或已离职
+    """
+    rows: list[SecondaryAllocation] = []
+    for item in items:
+        person = _ensure_personnel_active(session, item.personnel_id, "分摊参与")
+        rows.append(
+            SecondaryAllocation(
+                business_id=business_id,
+                personnel_id=item.personnel_id,
+                personnel_name=person.personnel_name,
+                ratio=Decimal(item.ratio),
+            )
+        )
+    return rows
+
+
+def _allocation_hint(allocations: list[SecondaryAllocation]) -> str | None:
+    """方案合计/余额提示（不强制合计满额是需求原文；余额归属待澄清 #2）。
+
+    无方案返回 None；合计恰满额只报合计，避免「余额 0」噪音。
+    """
+    if not allocations:
+        return None
+    total = sum((a.ratio for a in allocations), Decimal("0"))
+    total_text = total.quantize(Decimal("0.01"), rounding=ROUND_HALF_UP)
+    if total == Decimal("100"):
+        return f"二次分配合计 {total_text}%"
+    rest = (Decimal("100") - total).quantize(Decimal("0.01"), rounding=ROUND_HALF_UP)
+    return f"二次分配合计 {total_text}%，余额 {rest}%（归属待业务确认）"
+
+
+def create_business(
+    session: Session,
+    payload: BusinessCreateIn,
+    *,
+    operator: User,
+    meta: RequestMeta | None = None,
+) -> BusinessOut:
+    """创建业务 + 明细行 + 首条状态留痕，一个事务。
+
+    创建时指定的归属不写归属留痕（留痕记「变更」，创建即初始事实）。
+
+    :raises NotFoundError: 客户不存在
+    :raises BadRequestError: 归属人员不存在或已离职 / 明细校验不通过
+    """
+    with audit_service.audit(
+        session,
+        operator=operator,
+        record=AuditRecord(
+            module=MODULE_BUSINESS,
+            action=ACTION_CREATE,
+            summary=f"创建业务（客户ID={payload.customer_id}，明细 {len(payload.items)} 行）",
+            request_data=payload.model_dump(exclude_none=True),
+        ),
+        meta=meta,
+    ):
+        _ensure_customer(session, payload.customer_id)
+        if payload.owner_personnel_id is not None:
+            _ensure_personnel_active(session, payload.owner_personnel_id, "负责")
+        if payload.assistant_personnel_id is not None:
+            _ensure_personnel_active(session, payload.assistant_personnel_id, "协助")
+
+        # 编号唯一键冲突的重试整体收在审计上下文内：rollback 后同一事务重来，
+        # 成功/最终失败各只记一条审计（吞异常 return 会被记成假成功，重入
+        # 整个 create_* 则违反「不支持嵌套」约定）；上限 _NO_RETRY 防无限重试
+        # 掩盖死锁类缺陷。审计摘要预取的是首次编号——重试成功时入库编号见
+        # 应用日志（AuditRecord frozen，不回填）。
+        for attempt in range(_NO_RETRY + 1):
+            try:
+                business = Business(
+                    business_no=_generate_no(session),
+                    customer_id=payload.customer_id,
+                    business_date=payload.business_date,
+                    status=BUSINESS_STATUS_ACTIVE,
+                    owner_personnel_id=payload.owner_personnel_id,
+                    assistant_personnel_id=payload.assistant_personnel_id,
+                    is_special=payload.is_special,
+                    special_note=payload.special_note,
+                    remark=payload.remark,
+                )
+                business_repository.create(session, business)
+                business_repository.replace_items(
+                    session, business.id, _build_item_rows(business.id, payload.items)
+                )
+                _recalc_totals(session, business)
+                business_repository.add_status_log(
+                    session,
+                    BusinessStatusLog(
+                        business_id=business.id,
+                        old_status=BUSINESS_STATUS_ACTIVE,
+                        new_status=BUSINESS_STATUS_ACTIVE,
+                        operator_id=operator.id,
+                        operator_name=operator.username,
+                    ),
+                )
+                # 二次分配方案与业务同事务（需求：只出现在合同刚建立时）；
+                # 放在重试循环内——rollback 后方案行随业务一并重来
+                business_repository.replace_allocations(
+                    session,
+                    business.id,
+                    _build_allocation_rows(session, business.id, payload.secondary_allocations),
+                )
+                # 方案非空才提单：开关关闭=自动通过留痕，开启=待财务复核。
+                # retry_on_conflict=True：AP 编号撞键可内部重取（外层编号
+                # 重试循环兜底整体重来）
+                if payload.secondary_allocations:
+                    approval_service.submit_order(
+                        session,
+                        order_type=APPROVAL_TYPE_SECONDARY_ALLOCATION,
+                        ref_id=business.id,
+                        refer_no=business.business_no,
+                        submitter=operator,
+                        retry_on_conflict=True,
+                    )
+                customer = customer_repository.get_by_id(session, business.customer_id)
+                out = _to_out((business, customer.company_name if customer else None, None, None))
+                new_id, new_no = business.id, business.business_no  # 固化：commit 后不碰 ORM
+                session.commit()
+                break
+            except IntegrityError as exc:
+                session.rollback()
+                if _is_duplicate_entry(exc) and attempt < _NO_RETRY:
+                    continue
+                raise
+
+        logger.info("创建业务 | business_id=%s | no=%s", new_id, new_no)
+        return out
+
+
+def update_business(
+    session: Session,
+    business_id: int,
+    payload: BusinessUpdateIn,
+    *,
+    operator: User,
+    meta: RequestMeta | None = None,
+) -> BusinessOut:
+    """编辑业务：全量替换明细 + 重算汇总；归属不在此端点（防旁路）。
+
+    客户可改，但有发货或回款记录后禁改 —— 单据 FK 挂在业务上，换客户会让
+    发货/回款语义断裂（明细同理随业务走）。
+
+    :raises NotFoundError: 业务不存在
+    :raises BadRequestError: 业务已完成或已终止 / 归属人员不合法 / 有发货或回款时换客户
+    """
+    row = business_repository.get_with_names(session, business_id, for_update=True)
+    business = row[0] if row else None
+    with audit_service.audit(
+        session,
+        operator=operator,
+        record=AuditRecord(
+            module=MODULE_BUSINESS,
+            action=ACTION_UPDATE,
+            summary=f"修改业务 {business.business_no if business else f'#{business_id}'}",
+            request_data=payload.model_dump(exclude_none=True),
+        ),
+        meta=meta,
+    ):
+        if row is None:
+            raise NotFoundError("业务不存在")
+        business, _, owner_name, assistant_name = row
+
+        # 终态门槛与发货/回款写准入同口径：明细与汇总是 M3 核算基线，
+        # 已完成/已终止的业务禁改（发货/回款服务以同一理由禁写终态业务）
+        if business.status != BUSINESS_STATUS_ACTIVE:
+            raise BadRequestError("业务已完成或已终止，禁止编辑业务")
+
+        if payload.customer_id != business.customer_id and business_repository.has_docs(
+            session, business_id
+        ):
+            raise BadRequestError("业务已有发货或回款记录，不能更换客户")
+        customer = _ensure_customer(session, payload.customer_id)
+        if payload.owner_personnel_id is not None:
+            _ensure_personnel_active(session, payload.owner_personnel_id, "负责")
+        if payload.assistant_personnel_id is not None:
+            _ensure_personnel_active(session, payload.assistant_personnel_id, "协助")
+
+        business.customer_id = payload.customer_id
+        business.business_date = payload.business_date
+        business.is_special = payload.is_special
+        business.special_note = payload.special_note
+        business.remark = payload.remark
+        # 归属刻意不赋值：留痕只由 /ownership 端点产生，编辑路径改归属构成
+        # 「改归属不留痕」的旁路（与 customers 编辑不触归属同一口径）
+        business_repository.replace_items(
+            session, business_id, _build_item_rows(business_id, payload.items)
+        )
+        # 方案全量替换（空数组=清空）；终态门槛已挡「修改影响已结算月份」的
+        # 前置场景（月结在 ④，快照固化后按同一哲学隔离）
+        business_repository.replace_allocations(
+            session,
+            business_id,
+            _build_allocation_rows(session, business_id, payload.secondary_allocations),
+        )
+        # 方案非空提单（自动撤回旧在途单）；retry_on_conflict=False：
+        # 本路径无外层重试，内部 rollback 会回掉业务行修改造成静默丢失
+        if payload.secondary_allocations:
+            approval_service.submit_order(
+                session,
+                order_type=APPROVAL_TYPE_SECONDARY_ALLOCATION,
+                ref_id=business_id,
+                refer_no=business.business_no,
+                submitter=operator,
+                retry_on_conflict=False,
+            )
+        _recalc_totals(session, business)
+        # 锁定行上已赋值，同一身份映射实例的 _to_out 即反映新值；名称字段
+        # 从首查 row 取（换客户时 _ensure_customer 已给出新公司名）
+        out = _to_out((business, customer.company_name, owner_name, assistant_name))
+        session.commit()
+        logger.info("修改业务 | business_id=%s", business_id)
+        return out
+
+
+def delete_business(
+    session: Session,
+    business_id: int,
+    *,
+    operator: User,
+    meta: RequestMeta | None = None,
+) -> None:
+    """删除业务（物理删除）：有发货/回款 → 400 引导走「已终止」。
+
+    无单据引用的业务（建错的空单）方可删除；删除时连带清理明细、状态留痕
+    与业务维度的归属留痕（无外键固化表，须手动清）。
+
+    :raises NotFoundError: 业务不存在
+    :raises BadRequestError: 存在发货或回款记录
+    """
+    business = business_repository.get_by_id(session, business_id, for_update=True)
+    with audit_service.audit(
+        session,
+        operator=operator,
+        record=AuditRecord(
+            module=MODULE_BUSINESS,
+            action=ACTION_DELETE,
+            summary=f"删除业务 {business.business_no if business else f'#{business_id}'}",
+        ),
+        meta=meta,
+    ):
+        if business is None:
+            raise NotFoundError("业务不存在")
+        if business_repository.has_docs(session, business_id):
+            raise BadRequestError("业务已有发货或回款记录，请改为已终止而非删除")
+
+        business_no = business.business_no
+        _hard_delete(session, business_id)
+        session.commit()
+        logger.info("删除业务 | business_id=%s | no=%s", business_id, business_no)
+
+
+def _hard_delete(session: Session, business_id: int) -> None:
+    """按依赖序删除：明细 → 状态留痕 → 业务维度归属留痕 → 主表。"""
+    from sqlalchemy import delete
+
+    session.execute(delete(BusinessItem).where(BusinessItem.business_id == business_id))
+    session.execute(delete(BusinessStatusLog).where(BusinessStatusLog.business_id == business_id))
+    session.execute(
+        delete(OwnershipChangeLog).where(
+            OwnershipChangeLog.owner_type == OWNER_TYPE_BUSINESS,
+            OwnershipChangeLog.business_id == business_id,
+        )
+    )
+    session.execute(delete(Business).where(Business.id == business_id))
+
+
+def change_status(
+    session: Session,
+    business_id: int,
+    payload: BusinessStatusIn,
+    *,
+    operator: User,
+    meta: RequestMeta | None = None,
+) -> BusinessOut:
+    """状态流转：1→2 / 1→3，终态不可再变更；每次流转写留痕。
+
+    :raises NotFoundError: 业务不存在
+    :raises BadRequestError: 非执行中状态流转 / 目标与当前相同
+    """
+    row = business_repository.get_with_names(session, business_id, for_update=True)
+    with audit_service.audit(
+        session,
+        operator=operator,
+        record=AuditRecord(
+            module=MODULE_BUSINESS,
+            action=ACTION_UPDATE,
+            summary=(
+                f"业务状态变更 {row[0].business_no if row else f'#{business_id}'} → "
+                f"{'已完成' if payload.status == BUSINESS_STATUS_DONE else '已终止'}"
+            ),
+            request_data=payload.model_dump(exclude_none=True),
+        ),
+        meta=meta,
+    ):
+        if row is None:
+            raise NotFoundError("业务不存在")
+        business, _, _, _ = row
+        if business.status != BUSINESS_STATUS_ACTIVE:
+            raise BadRequestError("已完成或已终止的业务不可再变更状态")
+        if business.status == payload.status:
+            raise BadRequestError("状态未变化")
+
+        # 变更前状态须在赋值前固化：ORM 属性赋值后 old_status 就取不到旧值
+        # （留痕会记成 old==new 失真，时间线无法回溯）
+        old_status = business.status
+        business.status = payload.status
+        business_repository.add_status_log(
+            session,
+            BusinessStatusLog(
+                business_id=business_id,
+                old_status=old_status,
+                new_status=payload.status,
+                change_reason=payload.reason,
+                operator_id=operator.id,
+                operator_name=operator.username,
+            ),
+        )
+        # 锁定行上已赋值，同一身份映射实例的 _to_out 即反映新状态
+        out = _to_out(row)
+        session.commit()
+        logger.info(
+            "业务状态变更 | business_id=%s | %s -> %s",
+            business_id,
+            old_status,
+            payload.status,
+        )
+        return out
+
+
+def change_ownership(
+    session: Session,
+    business_id: int,
+    payload: BusinessOwnershipIn,
+    *,
+    operator: User,
+    meta: RequestMeta | None = None,
+) -> BusinessOut:
+    """归属变更（负责/协助）：同事务「更新主表 + 插留痕」，一次 commit。
+
+    负责与协助之一发生变化即记一条留痕（前后值都含两个字段）；两者均未变化
+    → 400「归属未变化」。
+
+    :raises NotFoundError: 业务不存在
+    :raises BadRequestError: 归属人员不存在或已离职 / 归属未变化
+    """
+    row = business_repository.get_with_names(session, business_id, for_update=True)
+    with audit_service.audit(
+        session,
+        operator=operator,
+        record=AuditRecord(
+            module=MODULE_BUSINESS,
+            action=ACTION_UPDATE,
+            summary=f"调整业务归属 {row[0].business_no if row else f'#{business_id}'}",
+            request_data=payload.model_dump(exclude_none=True),
+        ),
+        meta=meta,
+    ):
+        if row is None:
+            raise NotFoundError("业务不存在")
+        business, _, old_owner_name, old_assistant_name = row
+        # 归属变更的出参姓名来自校验函数的返回行（锁定读）：首查姓名是变更前
+        # 固化标量，新归属人名必须按新 ID 重取
+        new_owner = (
+            _ensure_personnel_active(session, payload.new_owner_personnel_id, "负责")
+            if payload.new_owner_personnel_id is not None
+            else None
+        )
+        new_assistant = (
+            _ensure_personnel_active(session, payload.new_assistant_personnel_id, "协助")
+            if payload.new_assistant_personnel_id is not None
+            else None
+        )
+
+        owner_changed = business.owner_personnel_id != payload.new_owner_personnel_id
+        assistant_changed = business.assistant_personnel_id != payload.new_assistant_personnel_id
+        if not owner_changed and not assistant_changed:
+            raise BadRequestError("归属未变化")
+
+        old_owner_id = business.owner_personnel_id
+        old_assistant_id = business.assistant_personnel_id
+        business.owner_personnel_id = payload.new_owner_personnel_id
+        business.assistant_personnel_id = payload.new_assistant_personnel_id
+        business_repository.add_ownership_log(
+            session,
+            OwnershipChangeLog(
+                owner_type=OWNER_TYPE_BUSINESS,
+                business_id=business_id,
+                old_owner_personnel_id=old_owner_id,
+                new_owner_personnel_id=payload.new_owner_personnel_id,
+                old_assistant_personnel_id=old_assistant_id,
+                new_assistant_personnel_id=payload.new_assistant_personnel_id,
+                change_reason=payload.reason,
+                operator_id=operator.id,
+                operator_name=operator.username,
+            ),
+        )
+        # 出参组装：ID 在锁定行上已赋值（_to_out 读内存值即反映新值），姓名
+        # 一侧「变更项用新 ID 的人名、未变项沿用首查名」——首查名是变更前快照
+        out = _to_out(
+            (
+                business,
+                row[1],
+                new_owner.personnel_name if new_owner is not None else old_owner_name,
+                new_assistant.personnel_name if new_assistant is not None else old_assistant_name,
+            )
+        )
+        session.commit()
+        logger.info(
+            "调整业务归属 | business_id=%s | owner %s->%s | assistant %s->%s",
+            business_id,
+            old_owner_id,
+            payload.new_owner_personnel_id,
+            old_assistant_id,
+            payload.new_assistant_personnel_id,
+        )
+        return out
+
+
+def list_ownership_logs(
+    session: Session, business_id: int, query: PageQuery
+) -> PageResult[OwnershipChangeLogOut]:
+    """某业务的归属变更留痕（分页）。
+
+    :raises NotFoundError: 业务不存在
+    """
+    if business_repository.get_by_id(session, business_id) is None:
+        raise NotFoundError("业务不存在")
+    rows = business_repository.list_ownership_logs(
+        session, business_id, offset=query.offset, limit=query.page_size
+    )
+    total = business_repository.count_ownership_logs(session, business_id=business_id)
+    return PageResult[OwnershipChangeLogOut](
+        records=[_log_to_out(row) for row in rows],
+        total=total,
+        page_num=query.page_num,
+        page_size=query.page_size,
+    )
+
+
+def _log_to_out(row: Row) -> OwnershipChangeLogOut:
+    log, old_owner_name, new_owner_name = row
+    return OwnershipChangeLogOut(
+        id=log.id,
+        business_id=log.business_id,
+        old_owner_personnel_id=log.old_owner_personnel_id,
+        new_owner_personnel_id=log.new_owner_personnel_id,
+        old_assistant_personnel_id=log.old_assistant_personnel_id,
+        new_assistant_personnel_id=log.new_assistant_personnel_id,
+        old_owner_name=old_owner_name,
+        new_owner_name=new_owner_name,
+        change_reason=log.change_reason,
+        operator_id=log.operator_id,
+        operator_name=log.operator_name,
+        create_time=log.create_time,
+    )
+
+
+def list_status_logs(
+    session: Session, business_id: int, query: PageQuery
+) -> PageResult[BusinessStatusLogOut]:
+    """某业务的状态流转时间线（分页，时间正序）。
+
+    :raises NotFoundError: 业务不存在
+    """
+    if business_repository.get_by_id(session, business_id) is None:
+        raise NotFoundError("业务不存在")
+    rows = business_repository.list_status_logs(
+        session, business_id, offset=query.offset, limit=query.page_size
+    )
+    total = business_repository.count_status_logs(session, business_id=business_id)
+    return PageResult[BusinessStatusLogOut](
+        records=[BusinessStatusLogOut.model_validate(row) for row in rows],
+        total=total,
+        page_num=query.page_num,
+        page_size=query.page_size,
+    )
+
+
+def gross_profit(session: Session, business_id: int, as_of: date | None) -> GrossProfitOut:
+    """毛利润数据视图（需求 2.2.4）：行级派生值 + 类别汇总，实时计算不落库。
+
+    阈值按 asOf（默认今日）取 M1 参数快照（product.threshold，按行类别维度，
+    存储口径为 % 数如 30，直接进 converted_profit）；毛利润率按 M1 预览同一
+    出参口径输出 Fraction 分数字符串（如 "97/10000"）；成本缺失的行派生列为
+    None 并标注原因；汇总只聚合可计算行。
+
+    :raises NotFoundError: 业务不存在
+    """
+    if business_repository.get_by_id(session, business_id) is None:
+        raise NotFoundError("业务不存在")
+    as_of = as_of or date.today()
+    snapshot = param_service.resolve_snapshot(session, as_of)
+
+    def threshold_of(category: str) -> Fraction:
+        return snapshot.fraction("product.threshold", product_category=category)
+
+    rows_out: list[GrossProfitRowOut] = []
+    missing_count = 0
+    # 类别聚合容器：{类别: [sale, cost]}，成本缺失行不计入该类别聚合
+    agg: dict[str, list[Decimal]] = {}
+    for item in business_repository.list_items(session, business_id):
+        threshold = threshold_of(item.product_category)
+        row_kwargs: dict = {
+            "item_id": item.id,
+            "product_category": item.product_category,
+            "product_name": item.product_name,
+            "spec_model": item.spec_model,
+            "quantity": str(item.quantity),
+            "sale_amount": str(item.sale_amount),
+            "threshold": str(threshold),
+        }
+        if item.cost_amount is None:
+            missing_count += 1
+            row_kwargs.update(
+                cost_amount=None,
+                profit_amount=None,
+                profit_rate=None,
+                converted_profit=None,
+                missing_reason="成本缺失，无法计算毛利润",
+            )
+        else:
+            profit = item.sale_amount - item.cost_amount
+            rate = profit_rate(profit, item.sale_amount)
+            conv = converted_profit(item.sale_amount, rate, threshold)
+            row_kwargs.update(
+                cost_amount=str(item.cost_amount),
+                profit_amount=str(profit),
+                profit_rate=str(rate),
+                converted_profit=str(conv),
+                missing_reason=None,
+            )
+            bucket = agg.setdefault(item.product_category, [Decimal("0"), Decimal("0")])
+            bucket[0] += item.sale_amount
+            bucket[1] += item.cost_amount
+        rows_out.append(GrossProfitRowOut(**row_kwargs))
+
+    categories = [
+        GrossProfitCategoryOut(
+            product_category=category,
+            sale_amount=str(sale),
+            cost_amount=str(cost),
+            profit_amount=str(sale - cost),
+            profit_rate=str(profit_rate(sale - cost, sale)),
+            threshold=str(threshold_of(category)),
+            converted_profit=str(
+                converted_profit(sale, profit_rate(sale - cost, sale), threshold_of(category))
+            ),
+        )
+        for category, [sale, cost] in agg.items()
+    ]
+    return GrossProfitOut(
+        business_id=business_id,
+        as_of=as_of,
+        rows=rows_out,
+        categories=categories,
+        missing_count=missing_count,
+    )

backend/app/services/calc_templates.py

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+"""计提公式模板注册表（代码内有限集合）。
+
+一期不引入规则引擎的落地方式：公式骨架固定（本表枚举），变化的是参数值
+（系统设置维护）。岗位角色（business_roles.calc_template）绑定模板编码，
+新增岗位 = 选模板 + 配参数，无需改代码（需求 #28）。
+新增公式形态（如未来「按产品数量计提」）需要新增模板 —— 一期接受，
+岗位表单中模板为带说明的受控下拉，避免误以为可自由写公式。
+"""
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True)
+class TemplateSpec:
+    """公式模板元数据。"""
+
+    code: str
+    name: str
+    params: tuple[str, ...]
+    description: str
+
+
+TEMPLATES: dict[str, TemplateSpec] = {
+    "TPL_SALESPERSON_DECAY": TemplateSpec(
+        code="TPL_SALESPERSON_DECAY",
+        name="业务员个人户·天数线性递减",
+        params=(
+            "salesperson.rate.start",
+            "salesperson.rate.slope",
+            "salesperson.rate.floor",
+            "salesperson.days.boundary",
+        ),
+        description="分段：≤分界天数 = 起始 − 天数×斜率；>分界天数 = 下限",
+    ),
+    "TPL_MANAGER_SHARE": TemplateSpec(
+        code="TPL_MANAGER_SHARE",
+        name="营销经理·团队与全公司分成",
+        params=("manager.share.team", "manager.share.company"),
+        description="聚合：∑本团队业务员绩效×12.5% + ∑全公司业务员绩效×5%",
+    ),
+    "TPL_ENTERPRISE_FIXED": TemplateSpec(
+        code="TPL_ENTERPRISE_FIXED",
+        name="企业户·固定计提",
+        params=("enterprise.rate",),
+        description="乘法：折算毛利润额 × 计提比例",
+    ),
+    "TPL_INFO_SALES_FIXED": TemplateSpec(
+        code="TPL_INFO_SALES_FIXED",
+        name="信息员·销售额固定比例",
+        params=("info.rate",),
+        description="乘法：本人销售额 × 计提比例",
+    ),
+    "TPL_PREPAY_FIXED": TemplateSpec(
+        code="TPL_PREPAY_FIXED",
+        name="预付款·固定计提",
+        params=("prepay.rate",),
+        description="乘法：回款额 × 计提比例",
+    ),
+}
+
+
+def get_template(code: str) -> TemplateSpec:
+    """取模板元数据。未注册编码属代码缺陷（500），不是用户错误。"""
+    tpl = TEMPLATES.get(code)
+    if tpl is None:
+        raise ValueError(f"公式模板编码未注册：{code}")
+    return tpl
+
+
+def required_params(code: str) -> tuple[str, ...]:
+    """模板声明的参数编码列表（岗位表单展示与校验用）。"""
+    return get_template(code).params

backend/app/services/customer_service.py

@@ -0,0 +1,422 @@
+"""客户管理业务编排（需求 2.1.3）。
+
+**事务边界在本层**：repository 只 flush，commit/rollback 只写在这里。
+
+- 「公司名称 + 负责人」组合唯一（uk_customers_company_owner）：先查后写不是
+  原子操作，并发提交撞唯一键时捕 IntegrityError 判 1062 翻译为 400
+  （同 M1 的并发兜底模式）
+- **归属变更的裁决语义是「只影响变更后核算，不回溯历史」（对照表 #19）**：
+  实现为同一事务内「更新 customers.owner_personnel_id + 插入一条
+  ownership_change_logs」，一次 commit —— 两步拆开提交时，中途失败会出现
+  「主表已换人、留痕缺失」的静默不一致，事后追溯无据可查
+- 归属调整只有 ``change_ownership`` 一条路径；编辑端点不触归属，
+  防止出现「改归属不留痕」的旁路
+"""
+
+import logging
+
+from sqlalchemy import Row
+from sqlalchemy.exc import IntegrityError
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+from app.core.constants import (
+    ACTION_CREATE,
+    ACTION_DELETE,
+    ACTION_UPDATE,
+    CUSTOMER_TYPES,
+    MODULE_CUSTOMER,
+)
+from app.core.db_errors import is_duplicate_entry
+from app.core.exceptions import BadRequestError, NotFoundError
+from app.core.response import PageQuery, PageResult
+from app.models import Customer, OwnershipChangeLog, Personnel, User
+from app.models.customer import OWNER_TYPE_CUSTOMER
+from app.repositories import customer_repository, personnel_repository
+from app.schemas.customer import (
+    CustomerCreateIn,
+    CustomerOut,
+    CustomerOwnershipIn,
+    CustomerQuery,
+    CustomerUpdateIn,
+    OwnershipChangeLogOut,
+)
+from app.services import audit_service, personnel_service
+from app.services.audit_service import AuditRecord, RequestMeta
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def _to_out(customer: Customer, owner_name: str | None) -> CustomerOut:
+    """ORM 对象转响应模型。禁止把 ORM 对象直接当 response_model。"""
+    return CustomerOut(
+        id=customer.id,
+        company_name=customer.company_name,
+        owner_name=customer.owner_name,
+        contact_person=customer.contact_person,
+        contact_phone=customer.contact_phone,
+        address=customer.address,
+        industry=customer.industry,
+        customer_type=customer.customer_type,
+        owner_personnel_id=customer.owner_personnel_id,
+        owner_personnel_name=owner_name,
+        remark=customer.remark,
+    )
+
+
+def _to_log_out(row: Row) -> OwnershipChangeLogOut:
+    """留痕行 (留痕, 旧归属人名, 新归属人名) 转响应模型。"""
+    log, old_name, new_name = row
+    return OwnershipChangeLogOut(
+        id=log.id,
+        customer_id=log.customer_id,
+        old_owner_personnel_id=log.old_owner_personnel_id,
+        new_owner_personnel_id=log.new_owner_personnel_id,
+        old_owner_name=old_name,
+        new_owner_name=new_name,
+        change_reason=log.change_reason,
+        operator_id=log.operator_id,
+        operator_name=log.operator_name,
+        create_time=log.create_time,
+    )
+
+
+def _ensure_customer_type(customer_type: str) -> None:
+    """客户分类必须是注册表内的三个值之一（前端为受控下拉，后端仍须校验）。
+
+    customer_type 是 M3 计提规则匹配的锚点，脏值会让该客户在核算时匹配不到
+    任何计提规则而静默漏算。
+    """
+    if customer_type not in CUSTOMER_TYPES:
+        raise BadRequestError("客户分类不合法")
+
+
+def _ensure_owner_personnel(session: Session, personnel_id: int) -> Personnel:
+    """归属人员必须存在且在职（共享校验收口于 personnel_service.ensure_active）。"""
+    return personnel_service.ensure_active(session, personnel_id, label="归属")
+
+
+def _is_duplicate_entry(exc: IntegrityError) -> bool:
+    """判断 IntegrityError 是否为 MySQL 唯一键冲突（1062）。
+
+    customers 上还有归属人员外键（RESTRICT），并发窗口内删除人员等场景
+    会抛 1452 —— 不能一并翻译成「已存在」，否则用户会被错误提示带偏；
+    非 1062 原样上抛，由全局 IntegrityError handler 收敛 400（通用文案）。
+    """
+    return is_duplicate_entry(exc)
+
+
+def list_customers(session: Session, query: CustomerQuery) -> PageResult[CustomerOut]:
+    """分页查询客户（附归属人员姓名）。"""
+    rows = customer_repository.list_customers(
+        session,
+        offset=query.offset,
+        limit=query.page_size,
+        keyword=query.keyword,
+        customer_type=query.customer_type,
+        owner_personnel_id=query.owner_personnel_id,
+    )
+    total = customer_repository.count_customers(
+        session,
+        keyword=query.keyword,
+        customer_type=query.customer_type,
+        owner_personnel_id=query.owner_personnel_id,
+    )
+    return PageResult[CustomerOut](
+        records=[_to_out(customer, owner_name) for customer, owner_name in rows],
+        total=total,
+        page_num=query.page_num,
+        page_size=query.page_size,
+    )
+
+
+def get_customer(session: Session, customer_id: int) -> CustomerOut:
+    """客户详情。
+
+    :raises NotFoundError: 客户不存在
+    """
+    row = customer_repository.get_with_owner_name(session, customer_id)
+    if row is None:
+        raise NotFoundError("客户不存在")
+    customer, owner_name = row
+    return _to_out(customer, owner_name)
+
+
+def create_customer(
+    session: Session,
+    payload: CustomerCreateIn,
+    *,
+    operator: User,
+    meta: RequestMeta | None = None,
+) -> CustomerOut:
+    """新增客户。
+
+    :raises BadRequestError: 客户分类不合法 / 归属人员不存在或已离职 /
+                            「公司名称+负责人」已存在（含并发兜底）
+    """
+    with audit_service.audit(
+        session,
+        operator=operator,
+        record=AuditRecord(
+            module=MODULE_CUSTOMER,
+            action=ACTION_CREATE,
+            summary=f"新增客户 {payload.company_name}({payload.owner_name})",
+            request_data=payload.model_dump(exclude_none=True),
+        ),
+        meta=meta,
+    ):
+        # 值域与归属校验在审计上下文内：失败（400）也要留痕 ——
+        # 与 personnel_service._validate_refs 移入上下文的口径一致
+        _ensure_customer_type(payload.customer_type)
+        owner_name: str | None = None
+        if payload.owner_personnel_id is not None:
+            owner_name = _ensure_owner_personnel(session, payload.owner_personnel_id).personnel_name
+        if (
+            customer_repository.get_by_company_owner(
+                session, payload.company_name, payload.owner_name
+            )
+            is not None
+        ):
+            raise BadRequestError("该公司名称与负责人的客户已存在")
+
+        customer = Customer(
+            company_name=payload.company_name,
+            owner_name=payload.owner_name,
+            contact_person=payload.contact_person,
+            contact_phone=payload.contact_phone,
+            address=payload.address,
+            industry=payload.industry,
+            customer_type=payload.customer_type,
+            owner_personnel_id=payload.owner_personnel_id,
+            remark=payload.remark,
+        )
+        try:
+            customer_repository.create(session, customer)
+            # 响应在 commit 之前构造（同 user_service 顶部说明）
+            out = _to_out(customer, owner_name)
+            session.commit()
+        except IntegrityError as exc:
+            # 先查后写不是原子操作：并发提交同一「公司名称+负责人」会撞
+            # uk_customers_company_owner，回滚并翻译为可读的 400，而非 500
+            session.rollback()
+            if _is_duplicate_entry(exc):
+                raise BadRequestError("该公司名称与负责人的客户已存在") from exc
+            raise
+
+        logger.info("新增客户 | customer_id=%s | company=%s", customer.id, payload.company_name)
+        return out
+
+
+def update_customer(
+    session: Session,
+    customer_id: int,
+    payload: CustomerUpdateIn,
+    *,
+    operator: User,
+    meta: RequestMeta | None = None,
+) -> CustomerOut:
+    """编辑客户档案（全量替换）。
+
+    **不触归属**：owner_personnel_id 保持原值，调整统一走
+    ``PUT /{id}/ownership``（唯一写留痕的路径），见 ``CustomerUpdateIn`` 说明。
+
+    :raises NotFoundError: 客户不存在
+    :raises BadRequestError: 客户分类不合法 / 「公司名称+负责人」已存在（含并发兜底）
+    """
+    # 只读预取在审计上下文之前：目标不存在（NotFound 失败）时也能留下可读记录，
+    # 摘要与回包都要用客户行；归属姓名本端点不变更，一并带出
+    row = customer_repository.get_with_owner_name(session, customer_id)
+    customer = row[0] if row else None
+    with audit_service.audit(
+        session,
+        operator=operator,
+        record=AuditRecord(
+            module=MODULE_CUSTOMER,
+            action=ACTION_UPDATE,
+            summary=f"修改客户 {customer.company_name if customer else f'#{customer_id}'}",
+            request_data=payload.model_dump(exclude_none=True),
+        ),
+        meta=meta,
+    ):
+        # 值域校验在审计上下文内：分类非法的 400 也要留痕（同 create 口径）
+        _ensure_customer_type(payload.customer_type)
+        if row is None:
+            raise NotFoundError("客户不存在")
+        customer, owner_name = row
+
+        duplicate = customer_repository.get_by_company_owner(
+            session, payload.company_name, payload.owner_name
+        )
+        if duplicate is not None and duplicate.id != customer_id:
+            raise BadRequestError("该公司名称与负责人的客户已存在")
+
+        customer.company_name = payload.company_name
+        customer.owner_name = payload.owner_name
+        customer.contact_person = payload.contact_person
+        customer.contact_phone = payload.contact_phone
+        customer.address = payload.address
+        customer.industry = payload.industry
+        customer.customer_type = payload.customer_type
+        # owner_personnel_id 刻意不赋值 —— 归属调整只走 /ownership
+
+        try:
+            # 响应在 commit 之前构造（同 user_service 顶部说明）
+            out = _to_out(customer, owner_name)
+            session.commit()
+        except IntegrityError as exc:
+            # 把自身以外的组合改成已存在的「公司名称+负责人」时，先查后写
+            # 的并发窗口会撞唯一键，兜底同 create_customer
+            session.rollback()
+            if _is_duplicate_entry(exc):
+                raise BadRequestError("该公司名称与负责人的客户已存在") from exc
+            raise
+
+        logger.info("修改客户 | customer_id=%s | company=%s", customer_id, payload.company_name)
+        return out
+
+
+def delete_customer(
+    session: Session,
+    customer_id: int,
+    *,
+    operator: User,
+    meta: RequestMeta | None = None,
+) -> None:
+    """删除客户（物理删除）：被业务引用 → 400 引导处理业务单据。
+
+    businesses.customer_id 为 RESTRICT 外键，引用检查必须先于删除——
+    否则并发窗口内的 FK 冲突会以 500 暴露（T4 时该检查占位、业务表就位
+    后由本处补齐，留痕表是无外键固化不参与拦截）。
+
+    :raises NotFoundError: 客户不存在
+    :raises BadRequestError: 客户已被业务单据引用
+    """
+    customer = customer_repository.get_by_id(session, customer_id)
+    with audit_service.audit(
+        session,
+        operator=operator,
+        record=AuditRecord(
+            module=MODULE_CUSTOMER,
+            action=ACTION_DELETE,
+            summary=f"删除客户 {customer.company_name if customer else f'#{customer_id}'}",
+        ),
+        meta=meta,
+    ):
+        if customer is None:
+            raise NotFoundError("客户不存在")
+        if customer_repository.count_business_refs(session, customer_id):
+            raise BadRequestError("该客户已存在关联业务，请先处理相关业务单据")
+
+        company_name = customer.company_name  # 固化：对象随删除失效
+        try:
+            customer_repository.delete(session, customer)
+            session.commit()
+        except IntegrityError as exc:
+            # 先查后删的并发窗口：新业务挂上了该客户，FK RESTRICT 兜底为 400
+            session.rollback()
+            raise BadRequestError("该客户已存在关联业务，请先处理相关业务单据") from exc
+        logger.info("删除客户 | customer_id=%s | company=%s", customer_id, company_name)
+
+
+def change_ownership(
+    session: Session,
+    customer_id: int,
+    payload: CustomerOwnershipIn,
+    *,
+    operator: User,
+    meta: RequestMeta | None = None,
+) -> CustomerOut:
+    """归属变更：同一事务内「改主表归属 + 插留痕」，一次 commit。
+
+    裁决口径为「只影响变更后核算，不回溯历史」（对照表 #19）：历史核算结果
+    已由 M3 台账固化，留痕仅承担追溯职责，故无 effective_date 时点化设计。
+
+    :raises NotFoundError: 客户不存在
+    :raises BadRequestError: 归属人员不存在或已离职 / 归属未变化
+    """
+    # 只读预取在审计上下文之前：摘要需要客户名与新旧归属人名；校验仍在
+    # 上下文内进行，失败同样要留下可追溯的记录
+    row = customer_repository.get_with_owner_name(session, customer_id)
+    old_person = (
+        personnel_repository.get_by_id(session, row[0].owner_personnel_id)
+        if row is not None and row[0].owner_personnel_id is not None
+        else None
+    )
+    new_person = (
+        personnel_repository.get_by_id(session, payload.new_owner_personnel_id)
+        if payload.new_owner_personnel_id is not None
+        else None
+    )
+    old_label = old_person.personnel_name if old_person else "无"
+    new_label = new_person.personnel_name if new_person else "无"
+    customer_name = row[0].company_name if row else f"#{customer_id}"
+    with audit_service.audit(
+        session,
+        operator=operator,
+        record=AuditRecord(
+            module=MODULE_CUSTOMER,
+            action=ACTION_UPDATE,
+            summary=f"调整客户归属 {customer_name}：{old_label} → {new_label}",
+            request_data=payload.model_dump(exclude_none=True),
+        ),
+        meta=meta,
+    ):
+        if row is None:
+            raise NotFoundError("客户不存在")
+        customer, _ = row
+
+        if payload.new_owner_personnel_id is not None:
+            _ensure_owner_personnel(session, payload.new_owner_personnel_id)
+        old_owner_id = customer.owner_personnel_id
+        if old_owner_id == payload.new_owner_personnel_id:
+            raise BadRequestError("归属未变化")
+
+        # 主表更新与留痕插入同事务：只在本方法内一次 commit（见模块 docstring）
+        customer.owner_personnel_id = payload.new_owner_personnel_id
+        customer_repository.add_ownership_log(
+            session,
+            OwnershipChangeLog(
+                owner_type=OWNER_TYPE_CUSTOMER,
+                customer_id=customer.id,
+                old_owner_personnel_id=old_owner_id,
+                new_owner_personnel_id=payload.new_owner_personnel_id,
+                change_reason=payload.reason,
+                operator_id=operator.id,
+                operator_name=operator.username,
+            ),
+        )
+        # 响应在 commit 之前构造（同 user_service 顶部说明）；归属人名以新值为准
+        out = _to_out(customer, new_person.personnel_name if new_person else None)
+        session.commit()
+        logger.info(
+            "调整客户归属 | customer_id=%s | old=%s | new=%s",
+            customer_id,
+            old_owner_id,
+            payload.new_owner_personnel_id,
+        )
+        return out
+
+
+def list_ownership_logs(
+    session: Session,
+    customer_id: int,
+    query: PageQuery,
+) -> PageResult[OwnershipChangeLogOut]:
+    """某客户的归属变更留痕（分页，按变更时间倒序）。
+
+    :raises NotFoundError: 客户不存在
+    """
+    if customer_repository.get_by_id(session, customer_id) is None:
+        raise NotFoundError("客户不存在")
+    rows = customer_repository.list_ownership_logs(
+        session,
+        customer_id=customer_id,
+        offset=query.offset,
+        limit=query.page_size,
+    )
+    total = customer_repository.count_ownership_logs(session, customer_id=customer_id)
+    return PageResult[OwnershipChangeLogOut](
+        records=[_to_log_out(row) for row in rows],
+        total=total,
+        page_num=query.page_num,
+        page_size=query.page_size,
+    )

backend/app/services/formula.py

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+"""计提公式纯函数（无 IO、无会话）。
+
+契约（与 M3 核算、计算预览共用，口径见 2026-10-12 业务裁决）：
+- 参数值按**存储口径**传入（含单位：比例参数为 ‰ 数如 10、百分比参数为 % 数如 60）
+- 计算出的中间比率（如毛利润率）为**纯比例**（Fraction，如 9/20）
+- 金额用 Decimal、比率用 Fraction，全程禁 float；Fraction→Decimal 转换在
+  分母仅含 2/5 因子时精确，否则按 Decimal 上下文精度（28 位）
+- 绩效 = 折算毛利润额 × 计提比例（乘法方向，对照表 #3，禁按"互为倒数"实现）
+"""
+
+from datetime import date
+from decimal import Decimal
+from fractions import Fraction
+
+
+def to_decimal(value: Fraction) -> Decimal:
+    """Fraction → Decimal。有限小数精确；循环小数按 Decimal 上下文精度（28 位）。"""
+    return Decimal(value.numerator) / Decimal(value.denominator)
+
+
+# 模块内沿用私有名；公开别名供 service 层金额换算复用
+_to_decimal = to_decimal
+
+
+def payment_days(ship_date: date, receipt_date: date) -> int:
+    """回款天数：发货日首日计第 1 天（对照表 #1；需规「26 天」示例作废）。"""
+    return (receipt_date - ship_date).days + 1
+
+
+def salesperson_rate(
+    days: int,
+    *,
+    start: Fraction,
+    slope: Fraction,
+    floor: Fraction,
+    boundary_days: int,
+) -> Fraction:
+    """业务员计提比例（纯比例）。
+
+    start/floor 为 ‰ 数、slope 为 ‰/天（存储口径，slope 为精确分数 4/360）。
+    ≤分界天数按「起始 − 天数×斜率」线性递减；超过分界天数固定取下限
+    （对照表 #4：360 天=6‰，361 天起固定 4‰）。
+
+    先款后货的回款（payment_days 为负）钳制为 0 天：负天数线性外插会算出
+    高于起始值的比例（多算绩效），钳到 0 天即按起始比例计提；payment_days
+    的出参仍照实输出负值（回款登记照常入库，录入异常由台账留痕暴露）。
+    """
+    days = max(days, 0)
+    if days > boundary_days:
+        return floor / 1000
+    return (start - days * slope) / 1000
+
+
+def profit_rate(profit: Decimal, revenue: Decimal) -> Fraction:
+    """毛利润率（纯比例）：毛利润额 / 销售额（**不含运费**口径，对照表 #2）。
+
+    销售额为 0 时返回 0（防除零；折算额随之为 0）。
+    """
+    if revenue == 0:
+        return Fraction(0)
+    return Fraction(profit) / Fraction(revenue)
+
+
+def converted_profit(revenue: Decimal, rate: Fraction, threshold: Fraction) -> Decimal:
+    """折算毛利润额（化简式）：销售额 × (毛利润率 − 阈值)。
+
+    rate 为纯比例（profit_rate 的输出）；threshold 为 % 数（存储口径，如 30）。
+    化简式等价于定义式「毛利润额 / 毛利润率 × (毛利润率 − 阈值)」，且避免
+    毛利润率为 0 时除零（对照表 #12/#13）。毛利润率低于阈值时结果为负 ——
+    业务确认负值正常计算、不归零。
+    """
+    return _to_decimal(Fraction(revenue) * (rate - threshold / 100))
+
+
+def performance_amount(base: Decimal, rate: Fraction) -> Decimal:
+    """绩效金额 = 折算毛利润额 × 计提比例（乘法方向，对照表 #3）。"""
+    return _to_decimal(Fraction(base) * rate)
+
+
+def apply_barter(amount: Decimal, discount: Fraction) -> Decimal:
+    """以物抵顶折算：应发绩效 × 折算比例（discount 为 % 数，默认 80，对照表 #24）。"""
+    return _to_decimal(Fraction(amount) * discount / 100)
+
+
+def payment_weight(r: int) -> Fraction:
+    """支付权重 R×R（纯比例）：R 为回款占销售额百分比向下取整（对照表 #22）。
+
+    60 → 36/100；100 → 1（全额）。
+    """
+    return Fraction(r, 100) * Fraction(r, 100)
+
+
+def start_payment_ok(received: Decimal, revenue: Decimal, ratio: Fraction) -> bool:
+    """起付判定：单项业务回款额达到销售额（不含运费）的 ratio%（对照表 #21）。"""
+    if revenue == 0:
+        return False
+    return Fraction(received) / Fraction(revenue) >= ratio / 100

backend/app/services/no_generator.py

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+"""单据编号生成器（业务 YW / 发货 SH / 回款 HK 共用）。
+
+规则：``{前缀}{YYYYMMDD}-{当日4位序号}``，序号按自然日重置。
+并发安全：``SELECT MAX(no) ... FOR UPDATE`` 锁住当日序号区间 —— 后到的
+事务会等待先到者提交后再读到新 MAX，序号单调不重；残余竞态（锁等待超时
+等极端场景）由服务层捕唯一键冲突（1062）重试一次兜底。
+"""
+
+from datetime import datetime
+
+from sqlalchemy import func, select
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+
+def today_prefix(prefix: str) -> str:
+    """当日编号前缀（如 YW20261013-），LIKE 匹配与拼号共用同一来源防漂移。"""
+    return f"{prefix}{datetime.now().strftime('%Y%m%d')}-"
+
+
+def next_no(
+    session: Session,
+    *,
+    model: type,
+    column_name: str,
+    prefix: str,
+    seq_width: int = 4,
+) -> str:
+    """生成下一个编号。
+
+    :param model: 编号所在的 ORM 模型（businesses/shipments/receipts）
+    :param column_name: 编号列名（business_no/shipment_no/receipt_batch_no）
+    :param prefix: 单据前缀（NO_PREFIX_* 常量）
+    :param seq_width: 序号位数（默认 4）；超出宽度的序号按实际位数输出，
+        VARCHAR(32) 余量充足、唯一性不受影响
+    """
+    like_prefix = today_prefix(prefix)
+    column = getattr(model, column_name)
+    # 排序按「长度优先、同级字典序」：同前缀下序号位数增多（9999→10000）后
+    # 纯字典序会反转（"-10000" < "-9999"，'1'<'9'），seq 将恒重算出同一号码、
+    # 每笔建单都撞唯一键 —— 长度大即数值大，同级同长时字典序与数值序一致
+    max_no = session.execute(
+        select(column)
+        .where(column.like(f"{like_prefix}%"))
+        .order_by(func.length(column).desc(), column.desc())
+        .limit(1)
+        .with_for_update()
+    ).scalar()
+    seq = int(max_no.rsplit("-", 1)[1]) + 1 if max_no else 1
+    return f"{like_prefix}{seq:0{seq_width}d}"

backend/app/services/param_registry.py

@@ -0,0 +1,338 @@
+"""计提参数目录注册表。
+
+注册表是**迁移种子与运行期校验的唯一来源**：编码、默认值、取值域在此定义
+一次；新增参数 = 改这里 + 生成迁移种子（两者一致性由测试锁定）。
+值一律以 Fraction 可解析字符串表示（如 "4/360"，禁 0.011111 —— 见算法红线）。
+"""
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from fractions import Fraction
+
+from app.core.exceptions import BadRequestError
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True)
+class ParamSpec:
+    """单个参数的元数据（与 param_definitions 表字段一一对应）。"""
+
+    code: str
+    name: str
+    group: str
+    value_type: str
+    unit: str | None
+    dimension_type: str
+    options: tuple[str, ...] | None
+    default_value: str | None
+    value_min: str | None
+    value_max: str | None
+    description: str | None
+    sort_order: int
+
+
+PARAM_REGISTRY: dict[str, ParamSpec] = {
+    spec.code: spec
+    for spec in [
+        ParamSpec(
+            code="salesperson.rate.start",
+            name="业务员起始计提比例",
+            group="业务员个人户",
+            value_type="DECIMAL",
+            unit="‰",
+            dimension_type="BUSINESS_ROLE",
+            options=None,
+            default_value="10",
+            value_min="0",
+            value_max=None,
+            description="线性递减段起始值：比例 = 起始 − 回款天数 × 斜率（≤分界天数）",
+            sort_order=1,
+        ),
+        ParamSpec(
+            code="salesperson.rate.slope",
+            name="业务员日递减斜率",
+            group="业务员个人户",
+            value_type="DECIMAL",
+            unit="‰/天",
+            dimension_type="BUSINESS_ROLE",
+            options=None,
+            default_value="4/360",
+            value_min="0",
+            value_max=None,
+            description="精确分数 4/360‰/天（=1/90），禁止按 0.011111 截断存储",
+            sort_order=2,
+        ),
+        ParamSpec(
+            code="salesperson.rate.floor",
+            name="业务员计提下限",
+            group="业务员个人户",
+            value_type="DECIMAL",
+            unit="‰",
+            dimension_type="BUSINESS_ROLE",
+            options=None,
+            default_value="4",
+            value_min="0",
+            value_max=None,
+            description="回款天数超过分界天数后固定取此比例（≥361 天 = 4‰）",
+            sort_order=3,
+        ),
+        ParamSpec(
+            code="salesperson.days.boundary",
+            name="线性递减分界天数",
+            group="业务员个人户",
+            value_type="INT",
+            unit="天",
+            dimension_type="BUSINESS_ROLE",
+            options=None,
+            default_value="360",
+            value_min="0",
+            value_max=None,
+            description="≤分界天数按公式线性递减（360 天=6‰）；超过则取下限",
+            sort_order=4,
+        ),
+        ParamSpec(
+            code="manager.share.team",
+            name="经理本团队分成比例",
+            group="经理分成",
+            value_type="DECIMAL",
+            unit="%",
+            dimension_type="BUSINESS_ROLE",
+            options=None,
+            default_value="12.5",
+            value_min="0",
+            value_max="100",
+            description="∑本人带领业务员绩效 × 此比例（限本团队）",
+            sort_order=5,
+        ),
+        ParamSpec(
+            code="manager.share.company",
+            name="经理全公司分成比例",
+            group="经理分成",
+            value_type="DECIMAL",
+            unit="%",
+            dimension_type="BUSINESS_ROLE",
+            options=None,
+            default_value="5",
+            value_min="0",
+            value_max="100",
+            description="∑全部业务员绩效 × 此比例（全公司）",
+            sort_order=6,
+        ),
+        ParamSpec(
+            code="enterprise.rate",
+            name="企业户计提比例",
+            group="企业户",
+            value_type="DECIMAL",
+            unit="‰",
+            dimension_type="PRODUCT_CATEGORY",
+            options=None,
+            default_value="3",
+            value_min="0",
+            value_max=None,
+            description="所有企业户适用；2026-08-13 起由 2‰ 提高至 3‰",
+            sort_order=7,
+        ),
+        ParamSpec(
+            code="info.rate",
+            name="信息员计提比例",
+            group="信息员",
+            value_type="DECIMAL",
+            unit="‰",
+            dimension_type="BUSINESS_ROLE",
+            options=None,
+            default_value="1",
+            value_min="0",
+            value_max=None,
+            description="信息员绩效 = 本人销售额 × 此比例",
+            sort_order=8,
+        ),
+        ParamSpec(
+            code="prepay.rate",
+            name="预付款计提比例",
+            group="支付环节",
+            value_type="DECIMAL",
+            unit="‰",
+            dimension_type="NONE",
+            options=None,
+            default_value="10",
+            value_min="0",
+            value_max=None,
+            description="预付款统一按此比例计提",
+            sort_order=9,
+        ),
+        ParamSpec(
+            code="barter.discount",
+            name="以物抵顶折算比例",
+            group="支付环节",
+            value_type="DECIMAL",
+            unit="%",
+            dimension_type="NONE",
+            options=None,
+            default_value="80",
+            value_min="0",
+            value_max="100",
+            description="以物抵顶回款绩效按应发绩效的此比例折算",
+            sort_order=10,
+        ),
+        ParamSpec(
+            code="payment.start.ratio",
+            name="支付起付比例",
+            group="支付环节",
+            value_type="DECIMAL",
+            unit="%",
+            dimension_type="NONE",
+            options=None,
+            default_value="60",
+            value_min="0",
+            value_max="100",
+            description="单项业务回款额达销售额（不含运费）此比例后起付；达标前累计",
+            sort_order=11,
+        ),
+        ParamSpec(
+            code="payment.weight.mode",
+            name="支付权重应用方式",
+            group="支付环节",
+            value_type="ENUM",
+            unit=None,
+            dimension_type="NONE",
+            options=("FULL", "BALANCE"),
+            default_value="FULL",
+            value_min=None,
+            value_max=None,
+            description="FULL=按 R×R 乘当月全额应发绩效；BALANCE=乘余额（语义待 M3 前确认）",
+            sort_order=12,
+        ),
+        ParamSpec(
+            code="product.threshold",
+            name="折算毛利润额阈值",
+            group="产品阈值",
+            value_type="DECIMAL",
+            unit="%",
+            dimension_type="PRODUCT_CATEGORY",
+            options=None,
+            default_value="30",
+            value_min="0",
+            value_max="100",
+            description="折算毛利润额 = 销售额 ×(毛利润率 − 阈值)；市政水利 30%、轨交 20%",
+            sort_order=13,
+        ),
+        ParamSpec(
+            code="salary.basic.mode",
+            name="月工资基本工资口径",
+            group="月工资口径",
+            value_type="ENUM",
+            unit=None,
+            dimension_type="BUSINESS_ROLE",
+            options=("INCLUDE", "DEDUCT", "EXCLUDE"),
+            default_value="INCLUDE",
+            value_min=None,
+            value_max=None,
+            description="INCLUDE含基本工资 / DEDUCT扣除基本工资 / EXCLUDE不计",
+            sort_order=14,
+        ),
+        ParamSpec(
+            code="probation.annual.threshold",
+            name="试用期年累计结算阈值",
+            group="月工资口径",
+            value_type="DECIMAL",
+            unit="元",
+            dimension_type="NONE",
+            options=None,
+            default_value="18000",
+            value_min="0",
+            value_max=None,
+            description="试用期年累计绩效超过此值部分年底一次性结算",
+            sort_order=15,
+        ),
+        ParamSpec(
+            code="probation.salary.basic",
+            name="试用期基本工资标准",
+            group="月工资口径",
+            value_type="DECIMAL",
+            unit="元",
+            dimension_type="NONE",
+            options=None,
+            default_value="3000",
+            value_min="0",
+            value_max=None,
+            description="试用期仅发基本工资、不发放绩效（归属待 M2 复核）",
+            sort_order=16,
+        ),
+        ParamSpec(
+            code="approval.secondary_allocation.enabled",
+            name="二次分配审批开关",
+            group="审批开关",
+            value_type="BOOL",
+            unit=None,
+            dimension_type="NONE",
+            options=None,
+            default_value="0",
+            value_min=None,
+            value_max=None,
+            description=(
+                "0=二次分配方案提交即生效（系统自动通过全节点留痕，留痕不断链）；"
+                "1=提交后进入财务复核→领导审核审批流（2026-10-15 复核审批补充需求）"
+            ),
+            sort_order=17,
+        ),
+        ParamSpec(
+            code="approval.monthly_settlement.enabled",
+            name="月度结算审批开关",
+            group="审批开关",
+            value_type="BOOL",
+            unit=None,
+            dimension_type="NONE",
+            options=None,
+            default_value="0",
+            value_min=None,
+            value_max=None,
+            description=(
+                "预留参数：月度结算审批链开关（M3 ④ 月结子块接入时消费）；"
+                "0=结算生成即生效，1=走财务复核→领导审核审批流"
+            ),
+            sort_order=18,
+        ),
+    ]
+}
+
+
+def get_spec(code: str) -> ParamSpec:
+    """取参数元数据。未注册编码属代码缺陷（500），不是用户错误。"""
+    spec = PARAM_REGISTRY.get(code)
+    if spec is None:
+        raise ValueError(f"参数编码未注册：{code}")
+    return spec
+
+
+def parse_fraction(text: str) -> Fraction:
+    """Fraction 精确解析（"4/360" → 1/90，不经 float）。非法输入抛 400。"""
+    try:
+        return Fraction(text.strip())
+    except (ValueError, ZeroDivisionError) as exc:
+        raise BadRequestError(f"参数值无法解析为数值：{text}") from exc
+
+
+def validate_and_normalize(spec: ParamSpec, raw: str) -> str:
+    """按元数据校验并规范化参数值，返回可入库字符串。
+
+    DECIMAL：Fraction 解析 + 取值域校验，分数式原样保留（"4/360" 不截断）；
+    INT：必须整数；BOOL：仅 0/1；ENUM：必须命中 options；TEXT：原样返回。
+    """
+    value = raw.strip()
+    if spec.value_type in {"DECIMAL", "INT"}:
+        fraction = parse_fraction(value)
+        if spec.value_type == "INT" and fraction.denominator != 1:
+            raise BadRequestError(f"参数 {spec.code} 必须为整数：{raw}")
+        if spec.value_min is not None and fraction < parse_fraction(spec.value_min):
+            raise BadRequestError(f"参数 {spec.code} 低于取值下限 {spec.value_min}：{raw}")
+        if spec.value_max is not None and fraction > parse_fraction(spec.value_max):
+            raise BadRequestError(f"参数 {spec.code} 高于取值上限 {spec.value_max}：{raw}")
+        return value
+    if spec.value_type == "BOOL":
+        if value not in {"0", "1"}:
+            raise BadRequestError(f"参数 {spec.code} 仅接受 0/1：{raw}")
+        return value
+    if spec.value_type == "ENUM":
+        if not spec.options or value not in spec.options:
+            allowed = "/".join(spec.options or ())
+            raise BadRequestError(f"参数 {spec.code} 取值须为 {allowed}：{raw}")
+        return value
+    return value

backend/app/services/param_service.py

@@ -0,0 +1,691 @@
+"""计提参数服务：时点化取值、版本管理（变更/撤回/历史/对比）、计算预览与导出。
+
+ParamSnapshot 是 M3 核算与计算预览共用的输入契约：按业务日期（回款到账日）
+冻结当时口径，禁读「当前值」计算历史数据（算法红线）。
+变更批次 = 版本（一次提交一批次）；条目逐项留痕（旧值/新值），append-only。
+"""
+
+import logging
+from collections.abc import Iterable
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from datetime import date
+from decimal import Decimal
+from fractions import Fraction
+from io import BytesIO
+
+from sqlalchemy.exc import IntegrityError
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+from app.core.constants import (
+    ACTION_DELETE,
+    ACTION_UPDATE,
+    MODULE_PARAM,
+    NO_PREFIX_PARAM,
+    PRODUCT_CATEGORIES,
+)
+from app.core.exceptions import BadRequestError, NotFoundError
+from app.core.response import PageResult
+from app.models import ParamChangeBatch, ParamDefinition, ParamValue, User
+from app.repositories import business_role_repository, param_repository
+from app.schemas.param import (
+    ParamBatchDetailOut,
+    ParamBatchItemOut,
+    ParamBatchOut,
+    ParamBatchQuery,
+    ParamCatalogItemOut,
+    ParamChangeBatchOut,
+    ParamChangeIn,
+    ParamChangeItemIn,
+    ParamDiffOut,
+    ParamDimensionValueOut,
+    ParamHistoryOut,
+    ParamHistoryQuery,
+    ParamPreviewIn,
+    ParamPreviewOut,
+    ParamUsedOut,
+)
+from app.services import audit_service, formula
+from app.services.audit_service import AuditRecord, RequestMeta
+from app.services.formula import to_decimal
+from app.services.no_generator import next_no
+from app.services.param_registry import get_spec, parse_fraction, validate_and_normalize
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+# ==================== 快照 ====================
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True)
+class ParamSnapshot:
+    """某业务日期下的参数快照（冻结不可变，核算期间保持一致）。
+
+    覆盖链：角色维度 > 产品类别维度 > 默认行（''）；均无匹配时回退注册表默认值。
+    """
+
+    biz_date: date
+    _values: dict[str, dict[str, str]]
+    _effective: dict[tuple[str, str], date]
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_rows(
+        cls, biz_date: date, rows: Iterable[tuple[str, str, str, date]]
+    ) -> "ParamSnapshot":
+        """由 (param_code, dimension_value, value_text, effective_date) 行构造。
+
+        rows 须按仓储输出顺序（同一 (code, dim) 的最新生效值在前）——以先出现者为准。
+        """
+        values: dict[str, dict[str, str]] = {}
+        effective: dict[tuple[str, str], date] = {}
+        for code, dimension, value_text, effective_date in rows:
+            if (code, dimension) in effective:
+                continue
+            effective[(code, dimension)] = effective_date
+            values.setdefault(code, {}).setdefault(dimension, value_text)
+        return cls(biz_date=biz_date, _values=values, _effective=effective)
+
+    def get(
+        self, code: str, *, role_code: str | None = None, product_category: str | None = None
+    ) -> str:
+        """取参数原始值（覆盖链解析）。无值且无注册表默认值时抛 400。"""
+        candidates = self._values.get(code)
+        if candidates:
+            for dimension in (role_code, product_category, ""):
+                if dimension is not None and dimension in candidates:
+                    return candidates[dimension]
+        spec = get_spec(code)  # 未注册编码 → ValueError（代码缺陷）
+        if spec.default_value is None:
+            raise BadRequestError(f"参数 {code} 无生效值且无默认值，请先在系统设置中维护")
+        return spec.default_value
+
+    def effective_date_of(
+        self, code: str, *, role_code: str | None = None, product_category: str | None = None
+    ) -> date | None:
+        """取参数当前生效值的生效日期（回退注册表默认值时为 None）。"""
+        candidates = self._values.get(code)
+        if candidates:
+            for dimension in (role_code, product_category, ""):
+                if dimension is not None and (code, dimension) in self._effective:
+                    return self._effective[(code, dimension)]
+        return None
+
+    def iter_items(self) -> Iterable[tuple[str, str, str]]:
+        """遍历快照全部 (param_code, dimension_value, value_text)，供对比。"""
+        for code, dims in self._values.items():
+            for dimension, value_text in dims.items():
+                yield code, dimension, value_text
+
+    def fraction(
+        self, code: str, *, role_code: str | None = None, product_category: str | None = None
+    ) -> Fraction:
+        """取参数值并精确解析为 Fraction（"4/360" → 1/90，不经 float）。"""
+        return parse_fraction(
+            self.get(code, role_code=role_code, product_category=product_category)
+        )
+
+    def integer(
+        self, code: str, *, role_code: str | None = None, product_category: str | None = None
+    ) -> int:
+        """取参数值为整数。配置成非整数属数据缺陷（写入经校验，不应发生）。"""
+        value = self.fraction(code, role_code=role_code, product_category=product_category)
+        if value.denominator != 1:
+            raise ValueError(f"参数 {code} 配置为非整数：{value}")
+        return int(value)
+
+    def boolean(
+        self, code: str, *, role_code: str | None = None, product_category: str | None = None
+    ) -> bool:
+        """取布尔参数（0/1）。"""
+        return self.get(code, role_code=role_code, product_category=product_category) == "1"
+
+    def text(
+        self, code: str, *, role_code: str | None = None, product_category: str | None = None
+    ) -> str:
+        """取参数原文（枚举码/文本）。"""
+        return self.get(code, role_code=role_code, product_category=product_category)
+
+
+def resolve_snapshot(session: Session, biz_date: date) -> ParamSnapshot:
+    """按业务日期解析全量参数快照（M3 核算与计算预览共用入口）。"""
+    return ParamSnapshot.from_rows(biz_date, param_repository.resolve_values(session, biz_date))
+
+
+# ==================== 目录 ====================
+
+
+def get_catalog(session: Session, *, as_of: date | None = None) -> list[ParamCatalogItemOut]:
+    """参数目录：全部启用定义 + 各维度截至 asOf（默认今日）的生效值。"""
+    biz_date = as_of or date.today()
+    resolved = param_repository.resolve_values(session, biz_date)
+    by_code: dict[str, list[ParamDimensionValueOut]] = {}
+    for code, dimension, value_text, effective_date in resolved:
+        by_code.setdefault(code, []).append(
+            ParamDimensionValueOut(
+                dimension_value=dimension, value_text=value_text, effective_date=effective_date
+            )
+        )
+    items: list[ParamCatalogItemOut] = []
+    for definition in param_repository.list_definitions(session, status=1):
+        spec = get_spec(definition.param_code)
+        items.append(
+            ParamCatalogItemOut(
+                param_code=definition.param_code,
+                param_name=definition.param_name,
+                param_group=definition.param_group,
+                value_type=definition.value_type,
+                unit=definition.unit,
+                dimension_type=definition.dimension_type,
+                options=list(spec.options or ()),
+                default_value=definition.default_value,
+                value_min=definition.value_min,
+                value_max=definition.value_max,
+                description=definition.description,
+                values=by_code.get(definition.param_code, []),
+            )
+        )
+    return items
+
+
+# ==================== 变更与版本管理 ====================
+
+
+def _normalize_items(
+    session: Session, items: list[ParamChangeItemIn]
+) -> list[tuple[ParamDefinition, str, str]]:
+    """全量校验条目并归一为 (定义, 规范维度值, 规范值)，任何一项不合法整批拒绝。
+
+    定义与岗位各一条 IN 批量查询预载（逐条查询在批次扩大时是写侧 N+1）；
+    岗位预载收集全部非空维度值 —— 集合可能略大于实际所需，但省去按维度
+    类型先分类的第二轮遍历，无害多取由校验逻辑自行过滤。
+
+    :raises BadRequestError: 参数未定义 / 维度不合法 / 值校验失败 / 同批次重复条目
+    """
+    codes = list({item.param_code for item in items})
+    definitions = param_repository.list_definitions_by_codes(session, codes)
+    dimension_values = list({item.dimension_value for item in items if item.dimension_value})
+    # 预载字典键归一为 casefold：单条版 get_by_code 走 SQL ci 校对（大小写
+    # 变形可命中），批量版改字典查找后须自行等价归一，否则变形大小写会
+    # 被误判「不是已存在的岗位」；岗位编码均为 ascii 小写蛇形，casefold 足够
+    roles = {
+        code.casefold(): role
+        for code, role in business_role_repository.list_by_codes(session, dimension_values).items()
+    }
+    normalized: list[tuple[ParamDefinition, str, str]] = []
+    seen: set[tuple[str, str]] = set()
+    for item in items:
+        definition = definitions.get(item.param_code)
+        if definition is None:
+            # 用户输入先行查库给 400；未注册编码出现在库里属数据与注册表漂移
+            raise BadRequestError(f"参数 {item.param_code} 未在系统中定义")
+        # ci 校对规则下大小写变形也能命中库，此后一律用库里的规范值：
+        # 注册表 get_spec 与快照字典均按精确键匹配，原始大小写入库会导致
+        # 取值链静默不命中（按错误参数算钱且无报错）
+        spec = get_spec(definition.param_code)
+        dimension = item.dimension_value
+        if spec.dimension_type == "NONE" and dimension != "":
+            raise BadRequestError(f"参数 {item.param_code} 不带维度，维度值须为空")
+        if spec.dimension_type == "BUSINESS_ROLE" and dimension:
+            role = roles.get(dimension.casefold())
+            if role is None:
+                raise BadRequestError(
+                    f"参数 {item.param_code} 的维度值 {dimension!r} 不是已存在的岗位"
+                )
+            dimension = role.role_code
+        if (
+            spec.dimension_type == "PRODUCT_CATEGORY"
+            and dimension
+            and dimension not in PRODUCT_CATEGORIES
+        ):
+            raise BadRequestError(
+                f"参数 {item.param_code} 的维度值 {dimension!r} 不是合法的产品类别"
+            )
+        value = validate_and_normalize(spec, item.value)
+        key = (item.param_code, dimension)
+        if key in seen:
+            raise BadRequestError(
+                f"同一批次内重复提交参数 {item.param_code}（{dimension or '默认'}）"
+            )
+        seen.add(key)
+        normalized.append((definition, dimension, value))
+    return normalized
+
+
+def submit_change(
+    session: Session,
+    payload: ParamChangeIn,
+    *,
+    operator: User,
+    meta: RequestMeta | None = None,
+) -> ParamChangeBatchOut:
+    """提交变更批次：全量校验 → 建批次 → 逐项写条目（旧值取提交时生效值）。
+
+    :raises BadRequestError: 参数未定义 / 维度不合法 / 值校验失败 / 生效日期早于今日 /
+                             同批次重复条目
+    """
+    effective = payload.effective_date if payload.change_type == 2 else date.today()
+    with audit_service.audit(
+        session,
+        operator=operator,
+        record=AuditRecord(
+            module=MODULE_PARAM,
+            action=ACTION_UPDATE,
+            summary=(
+                f"提交计提参数变更 {len(payload.items)} 项，"
+                f"{'立即生效' if payload.change_type == 1 else f'{effective} 起生效'}"
+            ),
+            request_data=payload.model_dump(exclude_none=True),
+        ),
+        meta=meta,
+    ):
+        if payload.change_type == 2 and effective < date.today():
+            raise BadRequestError("指定生效日期不得早于今日")
+
+        # 先全量校验、再写入：任何一项不合法整批拒绝（不留半批脏数据）
+        normalized = _normalize_items(session, payload.items)
+
+        try:
+            batch = param_repository.create_batch(
+                session,
+                ParamChangeBatch(
+                    # 版本号与三单据同口径：MAX FOR UPDATE 锁当日序号区间；
+                    # 残余并发冲突由下方 IntegrityError 分支翻译为可重试 400
+                    version_no=next_no(
+                        session,
+                        model=ParamChangeBatch,
+                        column_name="version_no",
+                        prefix=NO_PREFIX_PARAM,
+                        seq_width=2,
+                    ),
+                    effective_date=effective,
+                    change_type=payload.change_type,
+                    remark=payload.remark,
+                    operator_id=operator.id,
+                    operator_name=operator.username,
+                    item_count=len(normalized),
+                ),
+            )
+            # 旧值留痕取「本条目生效日时点」的值：存在多个未来生效批次时，
+            # 每条记录的是它实际顶替的那一版（而非提交时刻的当前值）
+            for definition, dimension, value in normalized:
+                old = param_repository.latest_value_before(
+                    session, definition.id, dimension, effective
+                )
+                param_repository.create_value(
+                    session,
+                    ParamValue(
+                        param_id=definition.id,
+                        dimension_value=dimension,
+                        effective_date=effective,
+                        value_text=value,
+                        old_value_text=old.value_text if old else None,
+                        batch_id=batch.id,
+                    ),
+                )
+        except IntegrityError as exc:
+            # version_no 唯一键的并发冲突：回滚并翻译为可重试的 400
+            session.rollback()
+            raise BadRequestError("提交冲突（版本号生成重复），请重试") from exc
+        session.commit()
+        logger.info("提交参数变更 | version_no=%s | items=%s", batch.version_no, batch.item_count)
+        return ParamChangeBatchOut(
+            id=batch.id,
+            version_no=batch.version_no,
+            effective_date=batch.effective_date,
+            change_type=batch.change_type,
+            remark=batch.remark,
+            operator_name=batch.operator_name,
+            item_count=batch.item_count,
+            create_time=batch.create_time,
+        )
+
+
+def withdraw_batch(
+    session: Session, batch_id: int, *, operator: User, meta: RequestMeta | None = None
+) -> None:
+    """撤回未生效批次。已生效禁撤；条目删除后解析自然回退到更早版本。
+
+    :raises NotFoundError: 批次不存在
+    :raises BadRequestError: 批次已生效
+    """
+    batch = param_repository.get_batch_by_id(session, batch_id, for_update=True)
+    with audit_service.audit(
+        session,
+        operator=operator,
+        record=AuditRecord(
+            module=MODULE_PARAM,
+            action=ACTION_DELETE,
+            summary=f"撤回参数变更批次 {batch.version_no if batch else f'#{batch_id}'}",
+        ),
+        meta=meta,
+    ):
+        if batch is None:
+            raise NotFoundError("变更批次不存在")
+        if batch.effective_date <= date.today():
+            raise BadRequestError("批次已生效，不可撤回")
+
+        param_repository.delete_values_by_batch(session, batch.id)
+        param_repository.delete_batch(session, batch)
+        session.commit()
+        logger.info("撤回参数变更批次 | version_no=%s", batch.version_no)
+
+
+def get_history(
+    session: Session, param_code: str, query: ParamHistoryQuery
+) -> PageResult[ParamHistoryOut]:
+    """单参数版本历史（分页，最新在前）。
+
+    :raises NotFoundError: 参数不存在
+    """
+    definition = param_repository.get_definition_by_code(session, param_code)
+    if definition is None:
+        raise NotFoundError("参数不存在")
+    rows = param_repository.list_history(
+        session,
+        definition.id,
+        offset=query.offset,
+        limit=query.page_size,
+        dimension_value=query.dimension_value,
+    )
+    total = param_repository.count_history(
+        session, definition.id, dimension_value=query.dimension_value
+    )
+    return PageResult[ParamHistoryOut](
+        records=[
+            ParamHistoryOut(
+                version_no=batch.version_no,
+                dimension_value=value.dimension_value,
+                old_value_text=value.old_value_text,
+                value_text=value.value_text,
+                effective_date=value.effective_date,
+                operator_name=batch.operator_name,
+                create_time=value.create_time,
+            )
+            for value, batch in rows
+        ],
+        total=total,
+        page_num=query.page_num,
+        page_size=query.page_size,
+    )
+
+
+def list_batches(session: Session, query: ParamBatchQuery) -> PageResult[ParamBatchOut]:
+    """变更批次分页（按创建时间倒序）。"""
+    batches = param_repository.list_batches(
+        session,
+        offset=query.offset,
+        limit=query.page_size,
+        start_date=query.start_date,
+        end_date=query.end_date,
+    )
+    total = param_repository.count_batches(
+        session, start_date=query.start_date, end_date=query.end_date
+    )
+    return PageResult[ParamBatchOut](
+        records=[
+            ParamBatchOut(
+                id=batch.id,
+                version_no=batch.version_no,
+                effective_date=batch.effective_date,
+                change_type=batch.change_type,
+                remark=batch.remark,
+                operator_name=batch.operator_name,
+                item_count=batch.item_count,
+                create_time=batch.create_time,
+            )
+            for batch in batches
+        ],
+        total=total,
+        page_num=query.page_num,
+        page_size=query.page_size,
+    )
+
+
+def get_batch_detail(session: Session, batch_id: int) -> ParamBatchDetailOut:
+    """批次明细：批次头 + 逐项旧值 → 新值。
+
+    :raises NotFoundError: 批次不存在
+    """
+    batch = param_repository.get_batch_by_id(session, batch_id)
+    if batch is None:
+        raise NotFoundError("变更批次不存在")
+    items = [
+        ParamBatchItemOut(
+            param_code=definition.param_code,
+            param_name=definition.param_name,
+            dimension_value=value.dimension_value,
+            old_value_text=value.old_value_text,
+            value_text=value.value_text,
+            effective_date=value.effective_date,
+        )
+        for value, definition in param_repository.list_values_by_batch(session, batch_id)
+    ]
+    return ParamBatchDetailOut(
+        id=batch.id,
+        version_no=batch.version_no,
+        effective_date=batch.effective_date,
+        change_type=batch.change_type,
+        remark=batch.remark,
+        operator_name=batch.operator_name,
+        item_count=batch.item_count,
+        create_time=batch.create_time,
+        items=items,
+    )
+
+
+# ==================== 对比与预览 ====================
+
+
+def compare(session: Session, *, from_date: date, to_date: date) -> list[ParamDiffOut]:
+    """两日期快照逐项对比（全量参数，changed 标记变化）。
+
+    :raises BadRequestError: 起始日期晚于截止日期
+    """
+    if from_date > to_date:
+        raise BadRequestError("起始日期不得晚于截止日期")
+    old_items = {
+        (code, dimension): value
+        for code, dimension, value in resolve_snapshot(session, from_date).iter_items()
+    }
+    new_items = {
+        (code, dimension): value
+        for code, dimension, value in resolve_snapshot(session, to_date).iter_items()
+    }
+    out: list[ParamDiffOut] = []
+    for code, dimension in sorted(set(old_items) | set(new_items)):
+        spec = get_spec(code)
+        old_value = old_items.get((code, dimension))
+        new_value = new_items.get((code, dimension))
+        out.append(
+            ParamDiffOut(
+                param_code=code,
+                param_name=spec.name,
+                param_group=spec.group,
+                dimension_value=dimension,
+                old_value=old_value,
+                new_value=new_value,
+                changed=old_value != new_value,
+            )
+        )
+    return out
+
+
+def _preview_rate(
+    session: Session,
+    payload: ParamPreviewIn,
+    snapshot: ParamSnapshot,
+    days: int,
+    take,
+) -> tuple[Fraction, str, Decimal | None]:
+    """按岗位模板分派计提比例，返回（纯比例, 人读说明, 绩效基数覆盖值）。
+
+    基数覆盖值非 None 表示该模板的绩效基数不是折算毛利润额（如信息员按
+    「本人销售额」计提），预览层直接采用并跳过折算与阈值。
+    聚合模板（营销经理 12.5%+5%）依赖月度团队数据，不支持单笔预览。
+    """
+    if payload.customer_type == "enterprise":
+        # 存储口径为 ‰ 数（如 "3"），除以 1000 转纯比例 —— performance_amount
+        # 按纯比例相乘，漏换算会把绩效金额放大 1000 倍（与业务员分支同防线）
+        rate = take("enterprise.rate") / 1000
+        return rate, "企业户固定计提比例", None
+
+    role_code = payload.business_role
+    template = "TPL_SALESPERSON_DECAY"
+    if role_code:
+        role = business_role_repository.get_by_code(session, role_code)
+        if role is None:
+            raise BadRequestError(f"岗位 {role_code!r} 不存在")
+        template = role.calc_template
+
+    if template == "TPL_MANAGER_SHARE":
+        raise BadRequestError(
+            "营销经理绩效为团队聚合口径（本团队 12.5% + 全公司 5%），不支持单笔预览"
+        )
+    if template == "TPL_INFO_SALES_FIXED":
+        # ‰ 存储口径 → 纯比例，同企业户分支（不换算则绩效放大 1000 倍）
+        rate = take("info.rate") / 1000
+        # 信息员的基数是本人销售额（无折算与阈值），覆盖默认基数
+        return rate, "信息员：本人销售额 × 计提比例", Decimal(payload.revenue)
+    if template == "TPL_SALESPERSON_DECAY":
+        start = take("salesperson.rate.start")
+        slope = take("salesperson.rate.slope")
+        floor = take("salesperson.rate.floor")
+        boundary = int(take("salesperson.days.boundary"))
+        rate = formula.salesperson_rate(
+            days, start=start, slope=slope, floor=floor, boundary_days=boundary
+        )
+        return (
+            rate,
+            f"业务员递减：{to_decimal(start)}‰ 起，{days} 天（分界 {boundary} 天，超界取 {to_decimal(floor)}‰）",
+            None,
+        )
+    raise BadRequestError(f"公式模板 {template} 暂不支持预览")
+
+
+def preview(session: Session, payload: ParamPreviewIn) -> ParamPreviewOut:
+    """计算预览：入参（发货/回款/金额/岗位）→ 公式纯函数 → 出参（含所用参数）。"""
+    # 参数按回款到账日取值（对照表 #11）
+    snapshot = resolve_snapshot(session, payload.receipt_date)
+    revenue = Decimal(payload.revenue)
+    profit = Decimal(payload.profit)
+    received = Decimal(payload.received_amount)
+    used: list[ParamUsedOut] = []
+
+    def take(code: str) -> Fraction:
+        raw = snapshot.get(
+            code,
+            role_code=payload.business_role,
+            product_category=payload.product_category,
+        )
+        used.append(
+            ParamUsedOut(
+                param_code=code,
+                value_text=raw,
+                effective_date=snapshot.effective_date_of(
+                    code,
+                    role_code=payload.business_role,
+                    product_category=payload.product_category,
+                ),
+            )
+        )
+        return parse_fraction(raw)
+
+    if payload.product_category and payload.product_category not in PRODUCT_CATEGORIES:
+        raise BadRequestError(
+            f"产品类别 {payload.product_category!r} 不存在，可选：municipal_water / rail_transit"
+        )
+
+    days = formula.payment_days(payload.ship_date, payload.receipt_date)
+    rate, rate_text, base_override = _preview_rate(session, payload, snapshot, days, take)
+
+    profit_rate = formula.profit_rate(profit, revenue)
+    if base_override is not None:
+        # 基数覆盖（信息员按本人销售额计提）：不走折算与阈值
+        converted = base_override
+    else:
+        threshold = take("product.threshold")
+        converted = formula.converted_profit(revenue, profit_rate, threshold)
+    performance = formula.performance_amount(converted, rate)
+
+    barter_applied = payload.barter
+    after_barter: Decimal | None = None
+    if barter_applied:
+        discount = take("barter.discount")
+        after_barter = formula.apply_barter(performance, discount)
+
+    start_ratio = take("payment.start.ratio")
+    start_ok = formula.start_payment_ok(received, revenue, start_ratio)
+    # R 按「回款占销售额百分比向下取整」口径封顶封底：received 非负时 int()
+    # 即向下取整；min/max 同时是红字冲销（负数回款）接入时的方向防线
+    weight_r = (
+        max(0, min(100, int(Fraction(received) / Fraction(revenue) * 100))) if revenue > 0 else 0
+    )
+    weight = formula.payment_weight(weight_r)
+    base_amount = after_barter if barter_applied else performance
+    payable = to_decimal(Fraction(base_amount) * weight)
+
+    probation_note: str | None = None
+    if payload.probation:
+        annual = take("probation.annual.threshold")
+        probation_note = f"试用期绩效照算不发放；年累计超 {to_decimal(annual)} 元部分年底一次性结算"
+
+    return ParamPreviewOut(
+        payment_days=days,
+        rate=str(rate),
+        rate_text=rate_text,
+        profit_rate=str(profit_rate),
+        converted_profit=str(converted),
+        performance_amount=str(performance),
+        barter_applied=barter_applied,
+        performance_after_barter=str(after_barter) if after_barter is not None else None,
+        start_payment_ok=start_ok,
+        payment_weight_r=weight_r,
+        payment_weight=str(weight),
+        payable_amount=str(payable),
+        probation_note=probation_note,
+        params_used=used,
+    )
+
+
+# ==================== 导出 ====================
+
+
+def export_changes(
+    session: Session, *, start_date: date | None = None, end_date: date | None = None
+) -> bytes:
+    """变更记录导出 Excel（openpyxl）。列：版本号/变更人/变更时间/生效日期/参数/维度/旧值/新值。"""
+    from openpyxl import Workbook
+
+    rows = param_repository.list_export_rows(session, start_date=start_date, end_date=end_date)
+    workbook = Workbook()
+    sheet = workbook.active
+    sheet.title = "参数变更记录"
+    sheet.append(
+        [
+            "版本号",
+            "变更人",
+            "变更时间",
+            "生效日期",
+            "参数编码",
+            "参数名称",
+            "维度值",
+            "旧值",
+            "新值",
+        ]
+    )
+    for batch, value, definition in rows:
+        sheet.append(
+            [
+                batch.version_no,
+                batch.operator_name,
+                batch.create_time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"),
+                value.effective_date.strftime("%Y-%m-%d"),
+                definition.param_code,
+                definition.param_name,
+                value.dimension_value,
+                value.old_value_text,
+                value.value_text,
+            ]
+        )
+    buffer = BytesIO()
+    workbook.save(buffer)
+    return buffer.getvalue()

backend/app/services/personnel_service.py

@@ -0,0 +1,438 @@
+"""营销人员管理业务编排（需求 2.1.1：人员档案 + 辐射区域 + 拓展计划）。
+
+业务规则（前端会做提示，**后端校验是唯一防线**）：
+
+- 岗位必须存在且启用 —— 岗位决定计提公式模板，挂到停用/不存在的岗位
+  会让 M3 核算找不到模板
+- 直属经理不能是自己、目标须存在且在职 —— 自引用关系是 M3 经理 12.5%
+  聚合的展开锚点，环引用或悬空引用会让聚合死循环/漏算
+- 删除保护：被团队成员（personnel.manager_id）或客户归属
+  （customers.owner_personnel_id）引用的人员**禁删**，应改为离职 ——
+  历史核算与客户归属都要能回溯到人，物理删除会留下悬空引用
+- 金额红线：salary_standard 以字符串进出、服务层转 Decimal，全程不经 float
+
+辐射区域与拓展计划为整表替换维护：先删、立即 flush、再插入
+（防御同一 flush 先 INSERT 后 DELETE 撞唯一键，见 personnel_repository）。
+"""
+
+import logging
+from decimal import Decimal
+
+from sqlalchemy.exc import IntegrityError
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+from app.core.constants import (
+    ACTION_CREATE,
+    ACTION_DELETE,
+    ACTION_UPDATE,
+    MODULE_PERSONNEL,
+)
+from app.core.exceptions import BadRequestError, NotFoundError
+from app.core.response import PageResult
+from app.models import BusinessRole, Personnel, PersonnelPlan, PersonnelRegion, User
+from app.models.personnel import PERSONNEL_STATUS_ACTIVE
+from app.repositories import business_role_repository, personnel_repository
+from app.schemas.personnel import (
+    PersonnelCreateIn,
+    PersonnelDetailOut,
+    PersonnelOut,
+    PersonnelPlanOut,
+    PersonnelQuery,
+    PersonnelRegionOut,
+    PlanReplaceIn,
+    RegionReplaceIn,
+)
+from app.services import audit_service
+from app.services.audit_service import AuditRecord, RequestMeta
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+# 删除保护的统一文案：三种引用（团队成员/客户归属/业务归属）共享同一提示，
+# 引导管理员走「离职」而非删除
+_DELETE_BLOCKED = "存在团队成员、客户归属或业务归属引用，请改为离职而非删除"
+
+
+def ensure_active(session: Session, personnel_id: int, *, label: str) -> Personnel:
+    """归属人员必须存在且在职，返回人员行（业务/客户两侧归属校验共用）。
+
+    「不存在」与「已离职」合并为同一文案：人员 ID 是否有效不构成需要向
+    调用方区分的信息（同登录防枚举的思路）；label 落文案（负责/协助/归属）。
+    收口单点：在职状态值取 models.personnel.PERSONNEL_STATUS_ACTIVE，
+    此前 business/customer 两 service 各持常量与校验，仅靠注释维持同步。
+
+    :raises BadRequestError: {label}人员不存在或已离职
+    """
+    person = personnel_repository.get_by_id(session, personnel_id)
+    if person is None or person.status != PERSONNEL_STATUS_ACTIVE:
+        raise BadRequestError(f"{label}人员不存在或已离职")
+    return person
+
+
+def list_personnel(session: Session, query: PersonnelQuery) -> PageResult[PersonnelOut]:
+    """分页查询人员（含离职）。"""
+    rows = personnel_repository.list_personnel(
+        session,
+        offset=query.offset,
+        limit=query.page_size,
+        keyword=query.keyword,
+        status=query.status,
+        business_role_id=query.business_role_id,
+    )
+    total = personnel_repository.count_personnel(
+        session,
+        keyword=query.keyword,
+        status=query.status,
+        business_role_id=query.business_role_id,
+    )
+    return PageResult[PersonnelOut](
+        records=[
+            _to_out(personnel, role_name, manager_name)
+            for personnel, role_name, manager_name in rows
+        ],
+        total=total,
+        page_num=query.page_num,
+        page_size=query.page_size,
+    )
+
+
+def get_detail(session: Session, personnel_id: int) -> PersonnelDetailOut:
+    """人员详情（含区域与拓展计划，供编辑抽屉回显）。
+
+    :raises NotFoundError: 人员不存在
+    """
+    row = personnel_repository.get_with_names(session, personnel_id)
+    if row is None:
+        raise NotFoundError("人员不存在")
+    personnel, role_name, manager_name = row
+    return PersonnelDetailOut(
+        **_to_out(personnel, role_name, manager_name).model_dump(),
+        regions=[
+            PersonnelRegionOut.model_validate(item)
+            for item in personnel_repository.list_regions(session, personnel_id)
+        ],
+        plans=[
+            PersonnelPlanOut.model_validate(item)
+            for item in personnel_repository.list_plans(session, personnel_id)
+        ],
+    )
+
+
+def create_personnel(
+    session: Session,
+    payload: PersonnelCreateIn,
+    *,
+    operator: User,
+    meta: RequestMeta | None = None,
+) -> PersonnelOut:
+    """新增人员，默认在职。
+
+    :raises BadRequestError: 岗位不存在或已停用 / 直属经理不合法
+    """
+    with audit_service.audit(
+        session,
+        operator=operator,
+        record=AuditRecord(
+            module=MODULE_PERSONNEL,
+            action=ACTION_CREATE,
+            summary=f"新增人员 {payload.personnel_name}",
+            request_data=payload.model_dump(exclude_none=True),
+        ),
+        meta=meta,
+    ):
+        # 引用校验放在审计上下文内：失败同样要留痕（与 update_personnel 口径
+        # 一致）——「谁在何时试图把人挂到停用岗位/离职经理上」是审计对象，
+        # 校验留在上下文外会让这类失败操作无据可查
+        role, manager_name = _validate_refs(
+            session, payload.business_role_id, payload.manager_id, None
+        )
+        personnel = Personnel(
+            personnel_name=payload.personnel_name,
+            business_role_id=payload.business_role_id,
+            manager_id=payload.manager_id,
+            phone=payload.phone,
+            hire_date=payload.hire_date,
+            is_probation=payload.is_probation,
+            salary_standard=_parse_salary(payload.salary_standard),
+            status=1,
+            remark=payload.remark,
+        )
+        try:
+            personnel_repository.create(session, personnel)
+            out = _to_out(personnel, role.role_name, manager_name)
+            session.commit()
+        except IntegrityError as exc:
+            # 先查后写不是原子操作：岗位/经理行被并发删除时 FK RESTRICT 令写入失败
+            session.rollback()
+            raise BadRequestError("岗位或直属经理引用已失效，请刷新后重试") from exc
+
+        logger.info("新增人员 | personnel_id=%s | name=%s", personnel.id, payload.personnel_name)
+        return out
+
+
+def update_personnel(
+    session: Session,
+    personnel_id: int,
+    payload: PersonnelCreateIn,
+    *,
+    operator: User,
+    meta: RequestMeta | None = None,
+) -> PersonnelOut:
+    """编辑人员（全量替换，不含状态）。
+
+    经理自引用校验以**被编辑人员的 id** 为准：把经理改成自己是环引用。
+
+    :raises NotFoundError: 人员不存在
+    :raises BadRequestError: 岗位不存在或已停用 / 直属经理不合法
+    """
+    row = personnel_repository.get_with_names(session, personnel_id)
+    with audit_service.audit(
+        session,
+        operator=operator,
+        record=AuditRecord(
+            module=MODULE_PERSONNEL,
+            action=ACTION_UPDATE,
+            summary=f"修改人员 {row[0].personnel_name if row else f'#{personnel_id}'}",
+            request_data=payload.model_dump(exclude_none=True),
+        ),
+        meta=meta,
+    ):
+        if row is None:
+            raise NotFoundError("人员不存在")
+        personnel = row[0]
+        role, manager_name = _validate_refs(
+            session, payload.business_role_id, payload.manager_id, personnel.id
+        )
+        personnel.personnel_name = payload.personnel_name
+        personnel.business_role_id = payload.business_role_id
+        personnel.manager_id = payload.manager_id
+        personnel.phone = payload.phone
+        personnel.hire_date = payload.hire_date
+        personnel.is_probation = payload.is_probation
+        personnel.salary_standard = _parse_salary(payload.salary_standard)
+        personnel.remark = payload.remark
+        # 响应与后置动作全部在 commit 之前完成（见 user_service 顶部说明）
+        out = _to_out(personnel, role.role_name, manager_name)
+        session.commit()
+        logger.info("修改人员 | personnel_id=%s", personnel_id)
+        return out
+
+
+def delete_personnel(
+    session: Session,
+    personnel_id: int,
+    *,
+    operator: User,
+    meta: RequestMeta | None = None,
+) -> None:
+    """删除人员。有团队成员或客户归属引用时禁删，引导走「离职」。
+
+    查询走 ``FOR UPDATE`` 锁行：校验与删除之间若发生并发引用，锁行使
+    并发外键写入在删除时失败（可见的 400）而非引用被静默悬空。
+
+    :raises NotFoundError: 人员不存在
+    :raises BadRequestError: 存在团队成员或客户归属引用
+    """
+    personnel = personnel_repository.get_by_id(session, personnel_id, for_update=True)
+    with audit_service.audit(
+        session,
+        operator=operator,
+        record=AuditRecord(
+            module=MODULE_PERSONNEL,
+            action=ACTION_DELETE,
+            summary=f"删除人员 {personnel.personnel_name if personnel else f'#{personnel_id}'}",
+        ),
+        meta=meta,
+    ):
+        if personnel is None:
+            raise NotFoundError("人员不存在")
+
+        ids = [personnel_id]
+        if (
+            personnel_repository.count_team_members(session, ids)
+            or personnel_repository.count_customer_ownerships(session, ids)
+            or personnel_repository.count_business_roles_refs(session, ids)
+        ):
+            # 业务归属引用（负责/协助）随业务表就位一并纳入删除保护——
+            # 漏检会让删除以 FK RESTRICT 的 500 暴露而非可读的 400
+            raise BadRequestError(_DELETE_BLOCKED)
+
+        name = personnel.personnel_name  # 固化：对象随删除失效
+        try:
+            personnel_repository.delete(session, personnel)
+            session.commit()
+        except IntegrityError as exc:
+            # 校验与删除之间并发新增了团队成员/客户归属，FK RESTRICT 令删除失败
+            session.rollback()
+            raise BadRequestError(_DELETE_BLOCKED) from exc
+        logger.info("删除人员 | personnel_id=%s | name=%s", personnel_id, name)
+
+
+def set_status(
+    session: Session,
+    personnel_id: int,
+    status: int,
+    *,
+    operator: User,
+    meta: RequestMeta | None = None,
+) -> PersonnelOut:
+    """在职/离职切换。
+
+    人员语义不用「启用/禁用」词表，action 记 ACTION_UPDATE、摘要写明去向。
+
+    :raises NotFoundError: 人员不存在
+    """
+    row = personnel_repository.get_with_names(session, personnel_id)
+    verb = "设为在职" if status == 1 else "设为离职"
+    with audit_service.audit(
+        session,
+        operator=operator,
+        record=AuditRecord(
+            module=MODULE_PERSONNEL,
+            action=ACTION_UPDATE,
+            summary=f"{verb} {row[0].personnel_name if row else f'#{personnel_id}'}",
+            request_data={"status": status},
+        ),
+        meta=meta,
+    ):
+        if row is None:
+            raise NotFoundError("人员不存在")
+        personnel, role_name, manager_name = row
+        personnel.status = status
+        out = _to_out(personnel, role_name, manager_name)
+        session.commit()
+        logger.info("变更人员状态 | personnel_id=%s | status=%s", personnel_id, status)
+        return out
+
+
+def replace_regions(
+    session: Session,
+    personnel_id: int,
+    payload: RegionReplaceIn,
+    *,
+    operator: User,
+    meta: RequestMeta | None = None,
+) -> None:
+    """全量替换辐射区域，空列表即清空。
+
+    :raises NotFoundError: 人员不存在
+    """
+    row = personnel_repository.get_with_names(session, personnel_id)
+    with audit_service.audit(
+        session,
+        operator=operator,
+        record=AuditRecord(
+            module=MODULE_PERSONNEL,
+            action=ACTION_UPDATE,
+            summary=f"维护辐射区域 {row[0].personnel_name if row else f'#{personnel_id}'}",
+            request_data=payload.model_dump(),
+        ),
+        meta=meta,
+    ):
+        if row is None:
+            raise NotFoundError("人员不存在")
+        rows = [
+            PersonnelRegion(
+                personnel_id=personnel_id, region_name=item.region_name, remark=item.remark
+            )
+            for item in payload.items
+        ]
+        personnel_repository.replace_regions(session, personnel_id, rows)
+        session.commit()
+        logger.info("维护辐射区域 | personnel_id=%s | 条目数=%s", personnel_id, len(rows))
+
+
+def replace_plans(
+    session: Session,
+    personnel_id: int,
+    payload: PlanReplaceIn,
+    *,
+    operator: User,
+    meta: RequestMeta | None = None,
+) -> None:
+    """全量替换拓展计划，空列表即清空。
+
+    :raises NotFoundError: 人员不存在
+    """
+    row = personnel_repository.get_with_names(session, personnel_id)
+    with audit_service.audit(
+        session,
+        operator=operator,
+        record=AuditRecord(
+            module=MODULE_PERSONNEL,
+            action=ACTION_UPDATE,
+            summary=f"维护拓展计划 {row[0].personnel_name if row else f'#{personnel_id}'}",
+            request_data=payload.model_dump(),
+        ),
+        meta=meta,
+    ):
+        if row is None:
+            raise NotFoundError("人员不存在")
+        rows = [
+            PersonnelPlan(
+                personnel_id=personnel_id,
+                plan_period=item.plan_period,
+                plan_content=item.plan_content,
+                target_desc=item.target_desc,
+            )
+            for item in payload.items
+        ]
+        personnel_repository.replace_plans(session, personnel_id, rows)
+        session.commit()
+        logger.info("维护拓展计划 | personnel_id=%s | 条目数=%s", personnel_id, len(rows))
+
+
+def _to_out(personnel: Personnel, role_name: str | None, manager_name: str | None) -> PersonnelOut:
+    """ORM 对象转响应模型。禁止把 ORM 对象直接当 response_model。"""
+    return PersonnelOut(
+        id=personnel.id,
+        personnel_name=personnel.personnel_name,
+        business_role_id=personnel.business_role_id,
+        role_name=role_name,
+        manager_id=personnel.manager_id,
+        manager_name=manager_name,
+        phone=personnel.phone,
+        hire_date=personnel.hire_date,
+        is_probation=personnel.is_probation,
+        salary_standard=(
+            str(personnel.salary_standard) if personnel.salary_standard is not None else None
+        ),
+        status=personnel.status,
+        remark=personnel.remark,
+    )
+
+
+def _validate_refs(
+    session: Session,
+    business_role_id: int,
+    manager_id: int | None,
+    self_id: int | None,
+) -> tuple[BusinessRole, str | None]:
+    """新增/编辑共用的引用校验：岗位须存在且启用；经理不能是自己且须在职。
+
+    ``self_id`` 编辑时传被编辑人员的 id、新增时传 None（新增不存在「自己」）。
+    返回岗位行与经理姓名供响应 DTO 复用，避免提交后再查一次。
+
+    :raises BadRequestError: 岗位不存在或已停用 / 直属经理不合法
+    """
+    role = business_role_repository.get_by_id(session, business_role_id)
+    if role is None or role.status != 1:
+        raise BadRequestError("岗位不存在或已停用")
+
+    manager_name: str | None = None
+    if manager_id is not None:
+        if manager_id == self_id:
+            raise BadRequestError("直属经理不能是自己")
+        manager = personnel_repository.get_by_id(session, manager_id)
+        if manager is None or manager.status != 1:
+            raise BadRequestError("直属经理不存在或已离职")
+        manager_name = manager.personnel_name
+    return role, manager_name
+
+
+def _parse_salary(value: str | None) -> Decimal | None:
+    """入参字符串转 Decimal 存库。
+
+    格式、非负与容量已在 schema 层校验，此处只做类型转换 ——
+    金额红线：全程 Decimal，不经 float。
+    """
+    return Decimal(value) if value is not None else None

backend/app/services/product_service.py

@@ -0,0 +1,314 @@
+"""产品管理业务编排。
+
+产品主数据的两条硬约束（违反会算错钱）：
+
+- ``product_category`` 是**折算阈值的行级锚点**：混合业务按产品逐条计算
+  （对照表 #14），阈值由 M1 参数 ``product.threshold`` 按 PRODUCT_CATEGORY
+  维度承担。类别游离于合法值域之外时，核算按类别回溯参数会取不到阈值，
+  故值域校验是业务规则而非格式校验
+- 数量/单价全程 ``Decimal``：schema 层已拦格式与非负（金额红线入口），
+  service 层负责字符串到 Decimal 的转换与落库
+
+另：``spec_model`` 归一为**空串而非 NULL** —— 它参与 uk_products_name_spec
+组合唯一键，MySQL 组合索引对 NULL 不去重，归 NULL 会放行重名同规格数据。
+删除为物理删除，被业务明细引用的保护检查待业务数据表（V5）就位后补充。
+"""
+
+import logging
+from decimal import Decimal
+
+from sqlalchemy.exc import IntegrityError
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+from app.core.constants import (
+    ACTION_CREATE,
+    ACTION_DELETE,
+    ACTION_DISABLE,
+    ACTION_ENABLE,
+    ACTION_UPDATE,
+    MODULE_PRODUCT,
+    PRODUCT_CATEGORIES,
+)
+from app.core.db_errors import is_duplicate_entry
+from app.core.exceptions import BadRequestError, NotFoundError
+from app.core.response import PageResult
+from app.models import Product, User
+from app.repositories import product_repository
+from app.schemas.product import (
+    ProductCreateIn,
+    ProductOut,
+    ProductQuery,
+    ProductUpdateIn,
+)
+from app.services import audit_service
+from app.services.audit_service import AuditRecord, RequestMeta
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def _to_out(product: Product) -> ProductOut:
+    """ORM 对象转响应模型。禁止把 ORM 对象直接当 response_model。"""
+    return ProductOut(
+        id=product.id,
+        product_name=product.product_name,
+        spec_model=product.spec_model,
+        unit=product.unit,
+        stock_quantity=str(product.stock_quantity) if product.stock_quantity is not None else None,
+        sale_price=str(product.sale_price) if product.sale_price is not None else None,
+        product_category=product.product_category,
+        status=product.status,
+        remark=product.remark,
+        create_time=product.create_time,
+        update_time=product.update_time,
+    )
+
+
+def _to_decimal(value: str | None) -> Decimal | None:
+    """数字字符串转 Decimal（可空列的空串/None 透传 None）。
+
+    入参已 str 化再进 Decimal：即使上游口径变化传入数字类型，也不经 float
+    二进制近似，金额红线在最后一道转换处仍然成立。schema 已保证可解析，
+    此处不再重复校验。
+    """
+    if not value:
+        return None
+    return Decimal(str(value))
+
+
+def _ensure_category(product_category: str) -> None:
+    """类别必须 ∈ PRODUCT_CATEGORIES（前端下拉仅是展示约束，后端校验是唯一防线）。"""
+    if product_category not in PRODUCT_CATEGORIES:
+        raise BadRequestError("产品类别不合法")
+
+
+def _is_duplicate_entry(exc: IntegrityError) -> bool:
+    """判断 IntegrityError 是否为 MySQL 1062（唯一键冲突）。
+
+    只有 1062 是「已存在」语义，可转业务提示；其余完整性错误（外键、
+    数据溢出等）语义未知，必须原样上抛交由全局处理器记 500，不能吞成 400。
+    """
+    return is_duplicate_entry(exc)
+
+
+def _raise_if_duplicate(exc: IntegrityError) -> None:
+    """唯一键冲突统一转业务提示；其余完整性错误原样重抛。"""
+    if _is_duplicate_entry(exc):
+        raise BadRequestError("已存在同名称同规格的产品") from exc
+    raise exc
+
+
+def list_products(session: Session, query: ProductQuery) -> PageResult[ProductOut]:
+    """分页查询产品（含停用）。"""
+    products = product_repository.list_products(
+        session,
+        offset=query.offset,
+        limit=query.page_size,
+        keyword=query.keyword,
+        product_category=query.product_category,
+        status=query.status,
+    )
+    total = product_repository.count_products(
+        session,
+        keyword=query.keyword,
+        product_category=query.product_category,
+        status=query.status,
+    )
+    return PageResult[ProductOut](
+        records=[_to_out(product) for product in products],
+        total=total,
+        page_num=query.page_num,
+        page_size=query.page_size,
+    )
+
+
+def get_product(session: Session, product_id: int) -> ProductOut:
+    """产品详情。
+
+    :raises NotFoundError: 产品不存在
+    """
+    product = product_repository.get_by_id(session, product_id)
+    if product is None:
+        raise NotFoundError("产品不存在")
+    return _to_out(product)
+
+
+def create_product(
+    session: Session,
+    payload: ProductCreateIn,
+    *,
+    operator: User,
+    meta: RequestMeta | None = None,
+) -> ProductOut:
+    """新增产品。类别须在合法值域内，新产品固定启用。
+
+    :raises BadRequestError: 产品类别不合法 / 已存在同名称同规格的产品
+    """
+    with audit_service.audit(
+        session,
+        operator=operator,
+        record=AuditRecord(
+            module=MODULE_PRODUCT,
+            action=ACTION_CREATE,
+            summary=f"新增产品 {payload.product_name}",
+            request_data=payload.model_dump(exclude_none=True),
+        ),
+        meta=meta,
+    ):
+        # 值域校验在审计上下文内：类别非法的 400 也要留痕（成功与失败都记）
+        _ensure_category(payload.product_category)
+        spec_model = payload.spec_model or ""  # 归一空串：组合唯一键对 NULL 不去重
+        if (
+            product_repository.get_by_name_spec(session, payload.product_name, spec_model)
+            is not None
+        ):
+            raise BadRequestError("已存在同名称同规格的产品")
+
+        product = Product(
+            product_name=payload.product_name,
+            spec_model=spec_model,
+            unit=payload.unit,
+            stock_quantity=_to_decimal(payload.stock_quantity),
+            sale_price=_to_decimal(payload.sale_price),
+            product_category=payload.product_category,
+            status=1,
+            remark=payload.remark,
+        )
+        try:
+            product_repository.create(session, product)
+            # 响应与后置动作全部在 commit 之前完成（见 business_role_service 同处说明）
+            out = _to_out(product)
+            session.commit()
+        except IntegrityError as exc:
+            # 先查后写不是原子操作：并发提交同名称同规格会撞 uk_products_name_spec
+            session.rollback()
+            _raise_if_duplicate(exc)
+
+        logger.info("新增产品 | product_id=%s | category=%s", product.id, payload.product_category)
+        return out
+
+
+def update_product(
+    session: Session,
+    product_id: int,
+    payload: ProductUpdateIn,
+    *,
+    operator: User,
+    meta: RequestMeta | None = None,
+) -> ProductOut:
+    """编辑产品基本信息（全量替换，不含状态；启停走独立端点）。
+
+    :raises NotFoundError: 产品不存在
+    :raises BadRequestError: 产品类别不合法 / 已存在同名称同规格的产品
+    """
+    product = product_repository.get_by_id(session, product_id)
+    with audit_service.audit(
+        session,
+        operator=operator,
+        record=AuditRecord(
+            module=MODULE_PRODUCT,
+            action=ACTION_UPDATE,
+            summary=f"修改产品 {product.product_name if product else f'#{product_id}'}",
+            request_data=payload.model_dump(exclude_none=True),
+        ),
+        meta=meta,
+    ):
+        # 值域校验在审计上下文内：类别非法的 400 也要留痕（同 create 口径）
+        _ensure_category(payload.product_category)
+        if product is None:
+            raise NotFoundError("产品不存在")
+
+        product.product_name = payload.product_name
+        product.spec_model = payload.spec_model or ""
+        product.unit = payload.unit
+        product.stock_quantity = _to_decimal(payload.stock_quantity)
+        product.sale_price = _to_decimal(payload.sale_price)
+        product.product_category = payload.product_category
+        product.remark = payload.remark
+        out = _to_out(product)
+        try:
+            session.commit()
+        except IntegrityError as exc:
+            # 改名/改规格可能撞 uk_products_name_spec（本行改值与他人既有数据重合）
+            session.rollback()
+            _raise_if_duplicate(exc)
+
+        logger.info("修改产品 | product_id=%s | category=%s", product_id, payload.product_category)
+        return out
+
+
+def set_status(
+    session: Session,
+    product_id: int,
+    status: int,
+    *,
+    operator: User,
+    meta: RequestMeta | None = None,
+) -> ProductOut:
+    """启用或停用产品。停用为主（模型约定），物理删除仅限误录数据。
+
+    :raises NotFoundError: 产品不存在
+    """
+    product = product_repository.get_by_id(session, product_id)
+    verb = "启用" if status == 1 else "停用"
+    with audit_service.audit(
+        session,
+        operator=operator,
+        record=AuditRecord(
+            module=MODULE_PRODUCT,
+            action=ACTION_ENABLE if status == 1 else ACTION_DISABLE,
+            summary=f"{verb}产品 {product.product_name if product else f'#{product_id}'}",
+            request_data={"status": status},
+        ),
+        meta=meta,
+    ):
+        if product is None:
+            raise NotFoundError("产品不存在")
+
+        product.status = status
+        out = _to_out(product)
+        session.commit()
+        logger.info("变更产品状态 | product_id=%s | status=%s", product_id, status)
+        return out
+
+
+def delete_product(
+    session: Session,
+    product_id: int,
+    *,
+    operator: User,
+    meta: RequestMeta | None = None,
+) -> None:
+    """物理删除产品（仅限误录数据，常规下架用停用）。
+
+    被业务明细/发货明细引用（RESTRICT 外键）的产品禁删：先 count_refs
+    给出可读 400（引导改走停用），校验与删除之间的并发引用由锁行 +
+    IntegrityError 兜底（customer_service.delete_customer 同款结构）。
+
+    :raises NotFoundError: 产品不存在
+    :raises BadRequestError: 产品已被业务或发货明细引用
+    """
+    product = product_repository.get_by_id(session, product_id, for_update=True)
+    with audit_service.audit(
+        session,
+        operator=operator,
+        record=AuditRecord(
+            module=MODULE_PRODUCT,
+            action=ACTION_DELETE,
+            summary=f"删除产品 {product.product_name if product else f'#{product_id}'}",
+        ),
+        meta=meta,
+    ):
+        if product is None:
+            raise NotFoundError("产品不存在")
+        if product_repository.count_refs(session, product_id):
+            raise BadRequestError("产品已被业务或发货明细引用，无法删除（可改为停用）")
+
+        product_name = product.product_name  # 固化：对象随删除失效
+        try:
+            product_repository.delete(session, product)
+            session.commit()
+        except IntegrityError as exc:
+            # 先查后删的并发窗口：新明细挂上了该产品，FK RESTRICT 兜底为 400
+            session.rollback()
+            raise BadRequestError("产品已被业务或发货明细引用，无法删除（可改为停用）") from exc
+        logger.info("删除产品 | product_name=%s", product_name)

backend/app/services/rating_service.py

@@ -0,0 +1,280 @@
+"""客户评级等级配置业务编排。
+
+评级计算器定位（对照表 #25）：仅打分工具、不影响绩效金额，评分记录不落库
+——本表承载的等级映射是**判定表**，判定规则为按 sort_order 升序取首个
+min_score ≤ 总分的等级，max_score 仅展示。两条硬约束（违反会算错等级）：
+
+- 分值全程 ``Decimal``：入参出参 str、schema 拦格式，service 层负责字符串
+  到 Decimal 的转换与落库；0≤min≤max≤100 的区间校验在**审计上下文内**
+  完成，失败的 400 同样留痕（2026-10-13 定稿口径）
+- 区间互不重叠：重叠会让同一总分命中多个等级（或两段都跳过），判定表
+  失效。判定为**闭区间两两相交**：任一其他等级满足
+  ``other.min_score <= 新 max 且 新 min <= other.max_score`` 即重叠。
+  边界相邻不算重叠（前段 max=89、后段 min=90）—— 种子 A/B/C/D 即按
+  相邻铺满 0-100，且判定本身是单边 min_score ≤ 总分，边界归 sort_order
+  靠前的等级，相邻无歧义
+
+删除允许清空：等级表无下游引用（评分记录不落库，判定只读本表现值、不
+回溯历史快照），物理删除无悬空风险；全部删空后计算器只显示总分、不出
+等级（前端已对应提示），故不强制保留任何一条。
+"""
+
+import logging
+from decimal import Decimal
+
+from sqlalchemy.exc import IntegrityError
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+from app.core.constants import (
+    ACTION_CREATE,
+    ACTION_DELETE,
+    ACTION_UPDATE,
+    MODULE_RATING,
+)
+from app.core.db_errors import is_duplicate_entry
+from app.core.exceptions import BadRequestError, NotFoundError
+from app.models import CustomerRatingGrade, User
+from app.repositories import rating_repository
+from app.schemas.rating import RatingGradeCreateIn, RatingGradeOut, RatingGradeUpdateIn
+from app.services import audit_service
+from app.services.audit_service import AuditRecord, RequestMeta
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+# 分值域上下界（Decimal 常量，禁用 float 参与比较）
+_SCORE_FLOOR = Decimal("0")
+_SCORE_CEIL = Decimal("100")
+
+
+def _to_out(grade: CustomerRatingGrade) -> RatingGradeOut:
+    """ORM 对象转响应模型。分值 Decimal → str（分值红线出参口径）。"""
+    return RatingGradeOut(
+        id=grade.id,
+        grade_name=grade.grade_name,
+        min_score=str(grade.min_score),
+        max_score=str(grade.max_score),
+        sort_order=grade.sort_order,
+        remark=grade.remark,
+        create_time=grade.create_time,
+        update_time=grade.update_time,
+    )
+
+
+def _to_decimal(value: str) -> Decimal:
+    """数字字符串转 Decimal。
+
+    入参已 str 化再进 Decimal：即使上游口径变化传入数字类型，也不经 float
+    二进制近似，分值红线在最后一道转换处仍然成立。schema 已保证可解析，
+    此处不再重复校验。
+    """
+    return Decimal(str(value))
+
+
+def _ensure_score_range(min_score: Decimal, max_score: Decimal) -> None:
+    """区间合法性：0 ≤ min_score ≤ max_score ≤ 100。
+
+    超界/倒挂任一不满足即「分值区间不合法」——统一一条消息不区分具体
+    越界方式，前端据此整体提示。须在审计上下文内调用，失败也要留痕。
+    """
+    if not (_SCORE_FLOOR <= min_score <= max_score <= _SCORE_CEIL):
+        raise BadRequestError("分值区间不合法")
+
+
+def _ensure_no_overlap(
+    grades: list[CustomerRatingGrade],
+    new_min: Decimal,
+    new_max: Decimal,
+    *,
+    exclude_id: int | None = None,
+) -> None:
+    """新区间与既有等级**不得重叠**（闭区间两两相交判定）。
+
+    任一其他等级满足 ``other.min_score <= new_max 且 new_min <= other.max_score``
+    即重叠，400 并点名冲突等级，便于前端定位到具体行。边界相邻不算重叠
+    （见模块 docstring）。exclude_id 供编辑时排除自身。
+
+    :raises BadRequestError: 分值区间与等级 X 重叠
+    """
+    for other in grades:
+        if exclude_id is not None and other.id == exclude_id:
+            continue
+        if other.min_score <= new_max and new_min <= other.max_score:
+            raise BadRequestError(f"分值区间与等级 {other.grade_name} 重叠")
+
+
+def _is_duplicate_entry(exc: IntegrityError) -> bool:
+    """判断 IntegrityError 是否为 MySQL 1062（唯一键冲突）。
+
+    只有 1062 是「已存在」语义，可转业务提示；其余完整性错误语义未知，
+    原样上抛 —— 由全局 IntegrityError handler 收敛为 400（通用文案），
+    500 只留给程序缺陷。
+    """
+    return is_duplicate_entry(exc)
+
+
+def _raise_if_duplicate(exc: IntegrityError) -> None:
+    """唯一键冲突统一转业务提示；其余完整性错误原样重抛。"""
+    if _is_duplicate_entry(exc):
+        raise BadRequestError("该等级名称已存在") from exc
+    raise exc
+
+
+def list_grades(session: Session) -> list[RatingGradeOut]:
+    """全量等级列表，按判定顺序（sort_order 升序）直出。
+
+    不分页：等级映射是判定表，数量个位数，分页无意义。
+    """
+    return [_to_out(grade) for grade in rating_repository.list_all(session)]
+
+
+def create_grade(
+    session: Session,
+    payload: RatingGradeCreateIn,
+    *,
+    operator: User,
+    meta: RequestMeta | None = None,
+) -> RatingGradeOut:
+    """新增评级等级。
+
+    区间须 0≤min≤max≤100 且与既有等级不重叠（新增同样判重叠：判定表
+    语义下重叠即脏配置，没有「先停用旧区间」之类的两阶段配置手段）。
+
+    :raises BadRequestError: 分值区间不合法 / 分值区间与等级 X 重叠 / 该等级名称已存在
+    """
+    with audit_service.audit(
+        session,
+        operator=operator,
+        record=AuditRecord(
+            module=MODULE_RATING,
+            action=ACTION_CREATE,
+            summary=f"新增评级等级 {payload.grade_name}",
+            request_data=payload.model_dump(exclude_none=True),
+        ),
+        meta=meta,
+    ):
+        # 值域校验在审计上下文内：分值非法的 400 也要留痕（成功与失败都记）
+        new_min = _to_decimal(payload.min_score)
+        new_max = _to_decimal(payload.max_score)
+        _ensure_score_range(new_min, new_max)
+        _ensure_no_overlap(rating_repository.list_all(session, for_update=True), new_min, new_max)
+        if rating_repository.get_by_name(session, payload.grade_name) is not None:
+            raise BadRequestError("该等级名称已存在")
+
+        grade = CustomerRatingGrade(
+            grade_name=payload.grade_name,
+            min_score=new_min,
+            max_score=new_max,
+            sort_order=payload.sort_order,
+            remark=payload.remark,
+        )
+        try:
+            rating_repository.create(session, grade)
+            # 响应与后置动作全部在 commit 之前完成（见 product_service 同处说明）
+            out = _to_out(grade)
+            session.commit()
+        except IntegrityError as exc:
+            # 先查后写不是原子操作：并发提交同名等级会撞 uk_customer_rating_grades_grade_name
+            session.rollback()
+            _raise_if_duplicate(exc)
+
+        logger.info("新增评级等级 | grade_id=%s | name=%s", grade.id, payload.grade_name)
+        return out
+
+
+def update_grade(
+    session: Session,
+    grade_id: int,
+    payload: RatingGradeUpdateIn,
+    *,
+    operator: User,
+    meta: RequestMeta | None = None,
+) -> RatingGradeOut:
+    """编辑评级等级（全量替换）。
+
+    区间与其他等级不得重叠 —— 重叠判定以**修改后的区间**对全部既有等级
+    （排除自身）两两相交，命中即 400 并点名冲突等级。
+
+    :raises NotFoundError: 评级等级不存在
+    :raises BadRequestError: 分值区间不合法 / 分值区间与等级 X 重叠 / 该等级名称已存在
+    """
+    grade = rating_repository.get_by_id(session, grade_id)
+    with audit_service.audit(
+        session,
+        operator=operator,
+        record=AuditRecord(
+            module=MODULE_RATING,
+            action=ACTION_UPDATE,
+            summary=f"修改评级等级 {grade.grade_name if grade else f'#{grade_id}'}",
+            request_data=payload.model_dump(exclude_none=True),
+        ),
+        meta=meta,
+    ):
+        # 值域校验在审计上下文内（同 create 口径）
+        new_min = _to_decimal(payload.min_score)
+        new_max = _to_decimal(payload.max_score)
+        _ensure_score_range(new_min, new_max)
+        if grade is None:
+            raise NotFoundError("评级等级不存在")
+
+        _ensure_no_overlap(
+            rating_repository.list_all(session, for_update=True),
+            new_min,
+            new_max,
+            exclude_id=grade_id,
+        )
+        existed = rating_repository.get_by_name(session, payload.grade_name)
+        if existed is not None and existed.id != grade_id:
+            raise BadRequestError("该等级名称已存在")
+
+        grade.grade_name = payload.grade_name
+        grade.min_score = new_min
+        grade.max_score = new_max
+        grade.sort_order = payload.sort_order
+        grade.remark = payload.remark
+        out = _to_out(grade)
+        try:
+            session.commit()
+        except IntegrityError as exc:
+            # 改名可能撞 uk_customer_rating_grades_grade_name（本行改值与他人既有数据重合）
+            session.rollback()
+            _raise_if_duplicate(exc)
+
+        logger.info("修改评级等级 | grade_id=%s | name=%s", grade_id, payload.grade_name)
+        return out
+
+
+def delete_grade(
+    session: Session,
+    grade_id: int,
+    *,
+    operator: User,
+    meta: RequestMeta | None = None,
+) -> None:
+    """物理删除评级等级。
+
+    等级表无下游引用 —— 评级是纯计算器不落评分记录（对照表 #25），判定
+    只读本表现值、不回溯历史快照，故可物理删除且无需锁行防并发引用。
+
+    **允许清空**：全部删空后计算器只显示总分、不出等级（前端已对应提示），
+    不强制保留任何一条。
+
+    :raises NotFoundError: 评级等级不存在
+    """
+    grade = rating_repository.get_by_id(session, grade_id)
+    with audit_service.audit(
+        session,
+        operator=operator,
+        record=AuditRecord(
+            module=MODULE_RATING,
+            action=ACTION_DELETE,
+            summary=f"删除评级等级 {grade.grade_name if grade else f'#{grade_id}'}",
+        ),
+        meta=meta,
+    ):
+        if grade is None:
+            raise NotFoundError("评级等级不存在")
+
+        grade_name = grade.grade_name  # 固化：对象随删除失效
+        rating_repository.delete(session, grade)
+        session.commit()
+        logger.info("删除评级等级 | grade_name=%s", grade_name)

backend/app/services/receipt_service.py

@@ -0,0 +1,349 @@
+"""回款管理业务编排（需求 2.2.3）。
+
+事务边界在本层：repository 只 flush，commit/rollback 只写在这里。
+
+- **写操作前 FOR UPDATE 锁业务行**（delete_business 先例）：同业务的
+  发货/回款/编辑相互串行化，防止并发写后 ``_recalc_totals`` 重算
+  total_received_amount 互相覆盖（丢失更新）；批次号生成（MAX+FOR
+  UPDATE 锁当日序号区间）与唯一键（1062）冲突重试一次兜底，模式同
+  business_service
+- **shipment_id 同业务强校验**（数据完整性红线）：指定的发货单必须存在
+  且与本回款同属一个业务 —— 跨业务指定会让回款天数与台账归属漂移；
+  存在性与归属两类失败统一同一文案（防通过响应差异探测发货单存在性，
+  与登录判定的防枚举同哲学），FK RESTRICT 是最终防线
+- **settlement_status 是 M3 核算防重锚点**（需规 2.3.3「每笔回款仅核算
+  一次」）：已核算回款禁改禁删 —— 改金额/删行会让 M3 台账与源数据漂移；
+  M2 只写入 0（未核算），置 1 由 M3 核算服务负责
+- 回款合计回写统一收口 ``business_service._recalc_totals``（增删改后
+  都重算，禁各处手写 SUM）
+- payment_days 为**只读派生值**：shipment_id 非空且发货单在库时按
+  ``formula.payment_days(ship_date, receipt_date)`` 实时计算（发货日首日
+  计第 1 天），不落库；未指定批次为 None
+- 一期禁负数金额（≥0）：schema 拒绝；红字/退款冲销需求出现时先补设计
+"""
+
+import logging
+from decimal import Decimal
+
+from sqlalchemy.exc import IntegrityError
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+from app.core.constants import (
+    ACTION_CREATE,
+    ACTION_DELETE,
+    ACTION_UPDATE,
+    MODULE_RECEIPT,
+    NO_PREFIX_RECEIPT,
+)
+from app.core.db_errors import is_duplicate_entry
+from app.core.exceptions import BadRequestError, NotFoundError
+from app.core.response import PageResult
+from app.models import Receipt
+from app.models.business import BUSINESS_STATUS_ACTIVE
+from app.models.receipt import SETTLEMENT_DONE, SETTLEMENT_PENDING
+from app.repositories import business_repository, receipt_repository
+from app.schemas.receipt import (
+    ReceiptCreateIn,
+    ReceiptOut,
+    ReceiptQuery,
+    ReceiptUpdateIn,
+)
+from app.services import audit_service
+from app.services.audit_service import AuditRecord, RequestMeta
+from app.services.business_service import _recalc_totals
+from app.services.formula import payment_days
+from app.services.no_generator import next_no
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+# 编号唯一键冲突后的重试次数（模式同 business_service._NO_RETRY）
+_NO_RETRY = 1
+
+
+def _to_out(row: tuple) -> ReceiptOut:
+    """(receipt, business_no, shipment_no, ship_date) → 响应模型。
+
+    金额出参 str；payment_days 为派生值 —— ship_date 为 None（未指定批次）
+    时输出 None；回款日早于发货日时按公式照实输出负值，忠实反映源数据
+    （钳制会掩盖录入异常，M3 台账同口径）。
+    """
+    receipt, business_no, shipment_no, ship_date = row
+    return ReceiptOut(
+        id=receipt.id,
+        receipt_batch_no=receipt.receipt_batch_no,
+        business_id=receipt.business_id,
+        business_no=business_no,
+        shipment_id=receipt.shipment_id,
+        shipment_no=shipment_no,
+        receipt_date=receipt.receipt_date,
+        amount=str(receipt.amount),
+        is_barter=receipt.is_barter,
+        settlement_status=receipt.settlement_status,
+        payment_days=(
+            payment_days(ship_date, receipt.receipt_date) if ship_date is not None else None
+        ),
+        remark=receipt.remark,
+    )
+
+
+def _generate_no(session: Session) -> str:
+    """生成回款批次号（HK 前缀；MAX+FOR UPDATE 与 1062 兜底见 no_generator）。"""
+    return next_no(session, model=Receipt, column_name="receipt_batch_no", prefix=NO_PREFIX_RECEIPT)
+
+
+def _ensure_shipment_of_business(
+    session: Session, shipment_id: int | None, business_id: int
+) -> tuple[str | None, object | None]:
+    """发货批次同业务强校验，返回 (shipment_no, ship_date) 供 DTO 组装。
+
+    「必须存在且 business_id 相同」两类失败统一同一文案（防探测发货单
+    存在性）；shipment_id 为 None = 暂未指定，直接放行。
+
+    :raises BadRequestError: 发货批次不存在或不属于该业务
+    """
+    if shipment_id is None:
+        return None, None
+    shipment = receipt_repository.get_shipment(session, shipment_id)
+    if shipment is None or shipment.business_id != business_id:
+        raise BadRequestError("发货批次不属于该业务，无法指定")
+    return shipment.shipment_no, shipment.ship_date
+
+
+def _ensure_business_writable(session: Session, business_id: int, action: str):
+    """锁业务行并要求状态=1 执行中（新增/编辑/删除共用的写准入）。
+
+    锁在判定之前取：判定结果基于锁定后的行，配合 _recalc_totals 的重算
+    同事务提交，并发写不会丢失更新。
+
+    :raises NotFoundError: 业务不存在
+    :raises BadRequestError: 业务已完成或已终止
+    """
+    business = business_repository.get_by_id(session, business_id, for_update=True)
+    if business is None:
+        raise NotFoundError("业务不存在")
+    if business.status != BUSINESS_STATUS_ACTIVE:
+        raise BadRequestError(f"业务已完成或已终止，禁止{action}回款")
+    return business
+
+
+def list_receipts(session: Session, query: ReceiptQuery) -> PageResult[ReceiptOut]:
+    """分页查询回款（附业务号/发货单号与 payment_days 派生值）。"""
+    rows = receipt_repository.list_receipts(
+        session,
+        offset=query.offset,
+        limit=query.page_size,
+        business_id=query.business_id,
+        date_from=query.date_from,
+        date_to=query.date_to,
+        is_barter=query.is_barter,
+        settlement_status=query.settlement_status,
+    )
+    total = receipt_repository.count_receipts(
+        session,
+        business_id=query.business_id,
+        date_from=query.date_from,
+        date_to=query.date_to,
+        is_barter=query.is_barter,
+        settlement_status=query.settlement_status,
+    )
+    return PageResult[ReceiptOut](
+        records=[_to_out(row) for row in rows],
+        total=total,
+        page_num=query.page_num,
+        page_size=query.page_size,
+    )
+
+
+def get_detail(session: Session, receipt_id: int) -> ReceiptOut:
+    """回款详情（同列表 DTO，含 payment_days 派生值）。
+
+    :raises NotFoundError: 回款不存在
+    """
+    row = receipt_repository.get_with_refs(session, receipt_id)
+    if row is None:
+        raise NotFoundError("回款不存在")
+    return _to_out(row)
+
+
+def create_receipt(
+    session: Session,
+    payload: ReceiptCreateIn,
+    *,
+    operator,
+    meta: RequestMeta | None = None,
+) -> ReceiptOut:
+    """新增回款：锁业务行 → 校验 → 建行 + 重算合计，一个事务。
+
+    摘要三要素（批次号/业务号/金额）在进入审计前就绪：业务号取自锁行
+    结果、批次号先行生成（SELECT MAX FOR UPDATE，不产生未提交变更）、
+    金额来自入参；引用校验（业务状态/发货批次同业务）在审计上下文内，
+    失败也留痕 —— 失败路径回滚释放已取序号，当日序号出现空洞无害
+    （唯一性不依赖连续）。
+
+    :raises NotFoundError: 业务不存在
+    :raises BadRequestError: 业务已完成或已终止 / 发货批次不属于该业务
+    """
+    business = business_repository.get_by_id(session, payload.business_id, for_update=True)
+    batch_no = _generate_no(session)
+    with audit_service.audit(
+        session,
+        operator=operator,
+        record=AuditRecord(
+            module=MODULE_RECEIPT,
+            action=ACTION_CREATE,
+            summary=(
+                f"新增回款 {batch_no}"
+                f"（业务 {business.business_no if business else f'#{payload.business_id}'}，"
+                f"金额 {payload.amount}）"
+            ),
+            request_data=payload.model_dump(exclude_none=True),
+        ),
+        meta=meta,
+    ):
+        # 批次号唯一键冲突的重试整体收在审计上下文内（模式同
+        # business_service.create_business）：rollback 释放旧锁，重试前重新
+        # 锁业务行与生成批次号——成功/最终失败各只记一条审计，无递归
+        for attempt in range(_NO_RETRY + 1):
+            try:
+                if business is None:
+                    raise NotFoundError("业务不存在")
+                if business.status != BUSINESS_STATUS_ACTIVE:
+                    raise BadRequestError("业务已完成或已终止，禁止新增回款")
+                shipment_no, ship_date = _ensure_shipment_of_business(
+                    session, payload.shipment_id, payload.business_id
+                )
+                receipt = receipt_repository.create(
+                    session,
+                    Receipt(
+                        receipt_batch_no=batch_no,
+                        business_id=payload.business_id,
+                        shipment_id=payload.shipment_id,
+                        receipt_date=payload.receipt_date,
+                        amount=Decimal(payload.amount),
+                        is_barter=payload.is_barter,
+                        settlement_status=SETTLEMENT_PENDING,
+                        remark=payload.remark,
+                    ),
+                )
+                _recalc_totals(session, business)
+                out = _to_out((receipt, business.business_no, shipment_no, ship_date))
+                new_id, new_no = receipt.id, batch_no  # 固化：commit 后不碰 ORM
+                session.commit()
+                break
+            except IntegrityError as exc:
+                session.rollback()
+                if _is_duplicate_entry(exc) and attempt < _NO_RETRY:
+                    business = business_repository.get_by_id(
+                        session, payload.business_id, for_update=True
+                    )
+                    batch_no = _generate_no(session)
+                    continue
+                raise
+
+        logger.info(
+            "新增回款 | receipt_id=%s | no=%s | business_id=%s",
+            new_id,
+            new_no,
+            payload.business_id,
+        )
+        return out
+
+
+def update_receipt(
+    session: Session,
+    receipt_id: int,
+    payload: ReceiptUpdateIn,
+    *,
+    operator,
+    meta: RequestMeta | None = None,
+) -> ReceiptOut:
+    """编辑回款（全量替换）+ 重算合计，一个事务。
+
+    **已核算回款禁止修改**（M3 防重锚点）：M3 台账已按该行固化核算，
+    改金额/到账日/批次指定会让台账与源数据漂移。shipment_id 变更后
+    重新做同业务强校验（全量替换语义下每次编辑都校验，无「未变即免检」
+    的旁路）。
+
+    :raises NotFoundError: 回款不存在 / 业务不存在
+    :raises BadRequestError: 已核算禁改 / 业务已完成或已终止 / 发货批次不属于该业务
+    """
+    receipt = receipt_repository.get_by_id(session, receipt_id)
+    with audit_service.audit(
+        session,
+        operator=operator,
+        record=AuditRecord(
+            module=MODULE_RECEIPT,
+            action=ACTION_UPDATE,
+            summary=f"修改回款 {receipt.receipt_batch_no if receipt else f'#{receipt_id}'}",
+            request_data=payload.model_dump(exclude_none=True),
+        ),
+        meta=meta,
+    ):
+        if receipt is None:
+            raise NotFoundError("回款不存在")
+        if receipt.settlement_status == SETTLEMENT_DONE:
+            raise BadRequestError("已核算回款禁止修改")
+        business = _ensure_business_writable(session, receipt.business_id, "修改")
+        # 校验返回的 (shipment_no, ship_date) 即新批次 DTO 所需 —— shipment_id
+        # 已被赋为 payload 新值，与重查 get_with_refs 同源，省一次三表 join
+        shipment_no, ship_date = _ensure_shipment_of_business(
+            session, payload.shipment_id, receipt.business_id
+        )
+
+        receipt.receipt_date = payload.receipt_date
+        receipt.shipment_id = payload.shipment_id
+        receipt.amount = Decimal(payload.amount)
+        receipt.is_barter = payload.is_barter
+        receipt.remark = payload.remark
+        _recalc_totals(session, business)
+        out = _to_out((receipt, business.business_no, shipment_no, ship_date))
+        batch_no = receipt.receipt_batch_no
+        session.commit()
+        # commit 后不再触碰 ORM 属性（audit_service 约定）：批次号已固化
+        logger.info("修改回款 | receipt_id=%s | no=%s", receipt_id, batch_no)
+        return out
+
+
+def delete_receipt(
+    session: Session,
+    receipt_id: int,
+    *,
+    operator,
+    meta: RequestMeta | None = None,
+) -> None:
+    """删除回款（物理删除）+ 重算合计，一个事务。
+
+    **已核算回款禁止删除**（M3 防重锚点，理由同编辑）；业务须状态=1
+    执行中 —— 终态业务的回款是 M3 核算与报表的既成事实，不得删改。
+
+    :raises NotFoundError: 回款不存在 / 业务不存在
+    :raises BadRequestError: 已核算禁删 / 业务已完成或已终止
+    """
+    receipt = receipt_repository.get_by_id(session, receipt_id)
+    with audit_service.audit(
+        session,
+        operator=operator,
+        record=AuditRecord(
+            module=MODULE_RECEIPT,
+            action=ACTION_DELETE,
+            summary=f"删除回款 {receipt.receipt_batch_no if receipt else f'#{receipt_id}'}",
+        ),
+        meta=meta,
+    ):
+        if receipt is None:
+            raise NotFoundError("回款不存在")
+        if receipt.settlement_status == SETTLEMENT_DONE:
+            raise BadRequestError("已核算回款禁止删除")
+        business = _ensure_business_writable(session, receipt.business_id, "删除")
+
+        batch_no = receipt.receipt_batch_no
+        receipt_repository.delete(session, receipt)
+        _recalc_totals(session, business)
+        session.commit()
+        # commit 后不再触碰 ORM 属性（audit_service 约定）：批次号已固化
+        logger.info("删除回款 | receipt_id=%s | no=%s", receipt_id, batch_no)
+
+
+def _is_duplicate_entry(exc: IntegrityError) -> bool:
+    """识别 MySQL 唯一键冲突（1062），与 business_service 同口径。"""
+    return is_duplicate_entry(exc)

backend/app/services/role_service.py

@@ -1,17 +1,20 @@
 """角色管理业务编排。
 
-需求 2.5.1 只定义 admin / user 两个角色，本模块属用户确认的**自主完善**
-（轻量版：不含权限点分配 —— `permissions` / `role_permissions` 表继续闲置，
-待业务方给出权限清单后再启用）。
+需求 2.5.1 定义 admin / user 两个登录角色；2026-10-15 复核审批补充需求
+新增营销后勤/财务/领导三个职能登录角色（营销后勤与财务/领导分区于审批
+节点准入）。本模块仍为轻量版（不含权限点分配 —— `permissions` /
+`role_permissions` 表继续闲置，待业务方给出权限清单后再启用）。
 
 保护规则（都是系统自举与授权安全的最低防线，不只是界面体验）：
 
-- `admin` 角色**禁删禁停** —— `cli` 建管理员与 `require_admin` 判定都依赖
-  该编码存在，删除会使系统无法自举
+- **内置角色禁删禁停**（`BUILTIN_ROLE_CODES`：admin / marketing_ops /
+  finance / leader）—— `admin` 被删除会使系统无法自举（cli 建管理员与
+  `require_admin` 判定依赖）；财务/领导是审批节点准入锚点，被删会让
+  在途审批流失去可操作人
 - **有用户绑定的角色禁删** —— `user_roles` 外键是 CASCADE，直接删除会静默
   剥离绑定用户的权限，属安全与审计事故；删除前的校验走 `FOR UPDATE`
   锁行，堵住「校验与删除之间并发绑定」的窗口
-- `role_code` 创建后不可改 —— 它是授权判定（`ROLE_ADMIN` 常量按编码比对）的锚点
+- `role_code` 创建后不可改 —— 它是授权判定（`BUILTIN_ROLE_CODES` 白名单按编码比对）的锚点
 - 停用角色**不解除绑定、不影响既有授权**（授权判定只看编码、不看状态），
   但**不可再分配给用户**（`user_service._resolve_roles` 拦截）
 """
@@ -27,8 +30,8 @@ from app.core.constants import (
     ACTION_DISABLE,
     ACTION_ENABLE,
     ACTION_UPDATE,
+    BUILTIN_ROLE_CODES,
     MODULE_ROLE,
-    ROLE_ADMIN,
 )
 from app.core.exceptions import BadRequestError, ForbiddenError, NotFoundError
 from app.core.response import PageResult
@@ -177,10 +180,10 @@ def set_status(
 
     停用不解除用户绑定、不影响既有授权（授权判定只看编码不看状态），
     但该角色不可再分配给用户（`user_service._resolve_roles` 拦截）；
-    内置管理员角色不可停用。
+    内置角色不可停用。
 
     :raises NotFoundError: 角色不存在
-    :raises ForbiddenError: 试图停用内置管理员角色
+    :raises ForbiddenError: 试图停用内置角色
     """
     role = role_repository.get_by_id(session, role_id)
     verb = "启用" if status == 1 else "禁用"
@@ -198,8 +201,8 @@ def set_status(
         if role is None:
             raise NotFoundError("角色不存在")
 
-        if role.role_code == ROLE_ADMIN and status == 0:
-            raise ForbiddenError("内置管理员角色不可停用")
+        if role.role_code in BUILTIN_ROLE_CODES and status == 0:
+            raise ForbiddenError("内置角色不可停用")
 
         role.status = status
         out = _to_out(role, _user_count(session, role_id))
@@ -217,12 +220,12 @@ def delete_role(
 ) -> None:
     """删除角色。
 
-    内置管理员角色不可删除；仍有关联用户的角色不可删除（提示先解除绑定）。
+    内置角色不可删除（admin 与三个审批职能角色，见 BUILTIN_ROLE_CODES）；仍有关联用户的角色不可删除（提示先解除绑定）。
     查询走 `FOR UPDATE` 锁行：校验与删除之间若发生并发绑定，CASCADE 会把
     新绑定一并静默剥离 —— 锁行使并发绑定失败（可见）而非数据被吞（不可见）。
 
     :raises NotFoundError: 角色不存在
-    :raises ForbiddenError: 试图删除内置管理员角色
+    :raises ForbiddenError: 试图删除内置角色
     :raises BadRequestError: 角色下仍有绑定的用户
     """
     role = role_repository.get_by_id(session, role_id, for_update=True)
@@ -239,8 +242,8 @@ def delete_role(
         if role is None:
             raise NotFoundError("角色不存在")
 
-        if role.role_code == ROLE_ADMIN:
-            raise ForbiddenError("内置管理员角色不可删除")
+        if role.role_code in BUILTIN_ROLE_CODES:
+            raise ForbiddenError("内置角色不可删除")
 
         # user_roles 外键是 CASCADE：不拦截的话，删除会静默剥离绑定用户的权限
         user_count = _user_count(session, role_id)

backend/app/services/shipment_service.py

@@ -0,0 +1,368 @@
+"""发货管理业务编排（需求 2.2.2）。
+
+事务边界在本层：repository 只 flush，commit/rollback 只写在这里。
+
+- 行金额（amount）与发货单总金额（total_amount）服务层按 数量×单价 计算
+  固化，不信任前端传值；单价可空时行金额记 0（对齐业务明细口径）
+- 业务级汇总（发货/运费合计）回写统一收口 ``business_service._recalc_totals``，
+  本模块不另写聚合逻辑；发货单 total_amount 由 repository 行 SUM 重算
+- **写操作前 FOR UPDATE 锁业务行**（receipt_service 同款写准入）：发货与
+  回款并发写同一业务时相互串行化，防 ``_recalc_totals`` 重算互相覆盖
+  （丢失更新）；锁序统一「业务行 → 单据编号区间」，与业务/回款同构
+- 业务状态门槛：仅执行中（1）业务可写发货单 —— 终态业务的发货单禁改禁删
+  （一期保守口径：编辑不影响已核算回款、核算未发生，但会改业务级汇总
+  基线，设计未定项待业务确认后可放开终态编辑）
+- 删除保护：被回款批次指定（receipts.shipment_id）的发货单禁删，先解除
+  回款的批次指定；删除连带明细行并重算业务级汇总
+- 编号 SH 生成复用 no_generator.next_no；残余竞态以唯一键（1062）冲突
+  重试一次兜底，模式同 business_service.create_business
+- 审计：锁行与编号生成放在进入审计前（不产生未提交变更），状态校验在
+  审计上下文内，失败也留痕 —— 失败回滚释放已取序号，当日序号空洞无害
+  （唯一性不依赖连续）；ship_date 是回款天数基准日，编辑即时生效（M3 按
+  编辑后基准日实时派生，无固化快照可漂移）
+"""
+
+import logging
+from decimal import ROUND_HALF_UP, Decimal
+
+from sqlalchemy.exc import IntegrityError
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+from app.core.constants import (
+    ACTION_CREATE,
+    ACTION_DELETE,
+    ACTION_UPDATE,
+    MODULE_SHIPMENT,
+    NO_PREFIX_SHIPMENT,
+)
+from app.core.db_errors import is_duplicate_entry
+from app.core.exceptions import BadRequestError, NotFoundError
+from app.core.response import PageResult
+from app.models import Business, Shipment, ShipmentItem, User
+from app.models.business import BUSINESS_STATUS_ACTIVE
+from app.repositories import business_repository, shipment_repository
+from app.schemas.shipment import (
+    ShipmentCreateIn,
+    ShipmentDetailOut,
+    ShipmentItemIn,
+    ShipmentItemOut,
+    ShipmentOut,
+    ShipmentQuery,
+    ShipmentUpdateIn,
+)
+from app.services import audit_service
+from app.services.audit_service import AuditRecord, RequestMeta
+from app.services.business_service import _recalc_totals
+from app.services.no_generator import next_no
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+# 编号唯一键冲突后的重试次数（模式同 business_service._NO_RETRY）
+_NO_RETRY = 1
+
+
+def _to_out(row: tuple[Shipment, str]) -> ShipmentOut:
+    """(shipment, business_no) → 响应模型；金额出参 str。"""
+    shipment, business_no = row
+    return ShipmentOut(
+        id=shipment.id,
+        shipment_no=shipment.shipment_no,
+        business_id=shipment.business_id,
+        business_no=business_no,
+        ship_date=shipment.ship_date,
+        freight_amount=str(shipment.freight_amount),
+        total_amount=str(shipment.total_amount),
+        remark=shipment.remark,
+    )
+
+
+def _item_to_out(item: ShipmentItem) -> ShipmentItemOut:
+    return ShipmentItemOut(
+        id=item.id,
+        product_id=item.product_id,
+        product_name=item.product_name,
+        spec_model=item.spec_model,
+        unit=item.unit,
+        quantity=str(item.quantity),
+        sale_price=str(item.sale_price) if item.sale_price is not None else None,
+        amount=str(item.amount),
+    )
+
+
+def _amount_or_zero(value: str | None) -> Decimal:
+    """可空金额入参转 Decimal，空记 0（运费可缺省的统一归一）。"""
+    return Decimal(value) if value is not None else Decimal("0")
+
+
+def _build_item_rows(items: list[ShipmentItemIn]) -> list[ShipmentItem]:
+    """入参明细行转 ORM 行：amount 服务层按 数量×单价 计算固化。
+
+    不信任前端传值（schema 亦无 amount 入参）——单价可空时行金额记 0，
+    由用户在编辑中补价后重算；shipment_id 由 replace_items 统一回填。
+    乘积显式 quantize 两位固化（模式同 business_service._build_item_rows）：
+    数量(2位)×单价(4位) 可产 6 位小数，直写 DECIMAL(14,2) 会被 MySQL
+    静默舍入且回显漂移。
+    """
+    rows: list[ShipmentItem] = []
+    for item in items:
+        quantity = Decimal(item.quantity)
+        sale_price = Decimal(item.sale_price) if item.sale_price is not None else None
+        amount = (
+            (quantity * sale_price).quantize(Decimal("0.01"), rounding=ROUND_HALF_UP)
+            if sale_price is not None
+            else Decimal("0.00")
+        )
+        rows.append(
+            ShipmentItem(
+                product_id=item.product_id,
+                product_name=item.product_name,
+                spec_model=item.spec_model or "",
+                unit=item.unit,
+                quantity=quantity,
+                sale_price=sale_price,
+                amount=amount,
+            )
+        )
+    return rows
+
+
+def _generate_no(session: Session) -> str:
+    """生成发货单号（SH 前缀；MAX+FOR UPDATE 与 1062 兜底见 no_generator）。"""
+    return next_no(session, model=Shipment, column_name="shipment_no", prefix=NO_PREFIX_SHIPMENT)
+
+
+def _ensure_business_writable(session: Session, business_id: int, action: str) -> Business:
+    """锁业务行并要求状态=1 执行中（新增/编辑/删除共用的写准入）。
+
+    锁在判定之前取：判定结果基于锁定后的行，配合 _recalc_totals 的重算
+    同事务提交，并发写不会丢失更新。与 receipt_service._ensure_business_writable
+    同构 —— 文案单据名落到发货单（私有函数各自保留，不为一个字符串上提
+    公共层）。
+
+    :raises NotFoundError: 业务不存在
+    :raises BadRequestError: 业务已完成或已终止
+    """
+    business = business_repository.get_by_id(session, business_id, for_update=True)
+    if business is None:
+        raise NotFoundError("业务不存在")
+    if business.status != BUSINESS_STATUS_ACTIVE:
+        raise BadRequestError(f"业务已完成或已终止，禁止{action}")
+    return business
+
+
+def _is_duplicate_entry(exc: IntegrityError) -> bool:
+    """识别 MySQL 唯一键冲突（1062），与 business/receipt_service 同口径。"""
+    return is_duplicate_entry(exc)
+
+
+def list_shipments(session: Session, query: ShipmentQuery) -> PageResult[ShipmentOut]:
+    """分页查询发货单（附业务号；business_id 可空=全量，一期按业务维度查看为主）。"""
+    rows = shipment_repository.list_shipments(
+        session,
+        offset=query.offset,
+        limit=query.page_size,
+        business_id=query.business_id,
+        ship_date_from=query.ship_date_from,
+        ship_date_to=query.ship_date_to,
+    )
+    total = shipment_repository.count_shipments(
+        session,
+        business_id=query.business_id,
+        ship_date_from=query.ship_date_from,
+        ship_date_to=query.ship_date_to,
+    )
+    return PageResult[ShipmentOut](
+        records=[_to_out(row) for row in rows],
+        total=total,
+        page_num=query.page_num,
+        page_size=query.page_size,
+    )
+
+
+def get_detail(session: Session, shipment_id: int) -> ShipmentDetailOut:
+    """发货单详情（附明细行，供编辑抽屉回显）。
+
+    :raises NotFoundError: 发货单不存在
+    """
+    row = shipment_repository.get_with_business_no(session, shipment_id)
+    if row is None:
+        raise NotFoundError("发货单不存在")
+    out = ShipmentDetailOut(**_to_out(row).model_dump())
+    out.items = [
+        _item_to_out(item) for item in shipment_repository.list_items(session, shipment_id)
+    ]
+    return out
+
+
+def create_shipment(
+    session: Session,
+    payload: ShipmentCreateIn,
+    *,
+    operator: User,
+    meta: RequestMeta | None = None,
+) -> ShipmentOut:
+    """新增发货单：锁业务行 → 校验 → 建单 + 明细 + 双重汇总回写，一个事务。
+
+    摘要两号（发货单号/业务号）在进入审计前就绪：业务号取自锁行结果、
+    发货单号先行生成（SELECT MAX FOR UPDATE，不产生未提交变更）；状态
+    校验在审计上下文内，失败也留痕 —— 失败路径回滚释放已取序号，当日
+    序号出现空洞无害（唯一性不依赖连续）。
+
+    :raises NotFoundError: 业务不存在
+    :raises BadRequestError: 业务已完成或已终止，禁止新发货
+    """
+    business = business_repository.get_by_id(session, payload.business_id, for_update=True)
+    shipment_no = _generate_no(session)
+    with audit_service.audit(
+        session,
+        operator=operator,
+        record=AuditRecord(
+            module=MODULE_SHIPMENT,
+            action=ACTION_CREATE,
+            summary=(
+                f"新增发货单 {shipment_no}"
+                f"（业务 {business.business_no if business else f'#{payload.business_id}'}，"
+                f"明细 {len(payload.items)} 行）"
+            ),
+            request_data=payload.model_dump(exclude_none=True),
+        ),
+        meta=meta,
+    ):
+        # 单号唯一键冲突的重试整体收在审计上下文内（模式同
+        # business_service.create_business）：rollback 释放旧锁，重试前重新
+        # 锁业务行与生成编号——成功/最终失败各只记一条审计，无递归
+        for attempt in range(_NO_RETRY + 1):
+            try:
+                if business is None:
+                    raise NotFoundError("业务不存在")
+                if business.status != BUSINESS_STATUS_ACTIVE:
+                    raise BadRequestError("业务已完成或已终止，禁止新发货")
+
+                shipment = Shipment(
+                    shipment_no=shipment_no,
+                    business_id=payload.business_id,
+                    ship_date=payload.ship_date,
+                    freight_amount=_amount_or_zero(payload.freight_amount),
+                    total_amount=Decimal("0"),
+                    remark=payload.remark,
+                )
+                shipment_repository.create(session, shipment)
+                shipment_repository.replace_items(
+                    session, shipment.id, _build_item_rows(payload.items)
+                )
+                total = shipment_repository.sum_item_amount(session, shipment.id)
+                shipment.total_amount = total if total is not None else Decimal("0")
+                _recalc_totals(session, business)
+                out = _to_out((shipment, business.business_no))
+                new_id, new_no = shipment.id, shipment_no  # 固化：commit 后不碰 ORM
+                session.commit()
+                break
+            except IntegrityError as exc:
+                session.rollback()
+                if _is_duplicate_entry(exc) and attempt < _NO_RETRY:
+                    business = business_repository.get_by_id(
+                        session, payload.business_id, for_update=True
+                    )
+                    shipment_no = _generate_no(session)
+                    continue
+                raise
+
+        logger.info(
+            "新增发货单 | shipment_id=%s | no=%s | business_id=%s",
+            new_id,
+            new_no,
+            payload.business_id,
+        )
+        return out
+
+
+def update_shipment(
+    session: Session,
+    shipment_id: int,
+    payload: ShipmentUpdateIn,
+    *,
+    operator: User,
+    meta: RequestMeta | None = None,
+) -> ShipmentOut:
+    """编辑发货单（明细全量替换）+ 双重汇总回写，一个事务。
+
+    business_id 不在编辑入参内 —— 发货单挂靠的业务创建时定死，改挂会让
+    已指定本发货单的回款语义断裂。终态业务的发货单禁改（与回款写准入同
+    口径；一期保守处理，设计未定项待业务确认后可放开——发货编辑不影响
+    已核算回款，核算未发生，无固化快照可漂移）。
+
+    :raises NotFoundError: 发货单不存在 / 业务不存在
+    :raises BadRequestError: 业务已完成或已终止
+    """
+    shipment = shipment_repository.get_by_id(session, shipment_id)
+    with audit_service.audit(
+        session,
+        operator=operator,
+        record=AuditRecord(
+            module=MODULE_SHIPMENT,
+            action=ACTION_UPDATE,
+            summary=f"修改发货单 {shipment.shipment_no if shipment else f'#{shipment_id}'}",
+            request_data=payload.model_dump(exclude_none=True),
+        ),
+        meta=meta,
+    ):
+        if shipment is None:
+            raise NotFoundError("发货单不存在")
+        business = _ensure_business_writable(session, shipment.business_id, "编辑发货单")
+
+        shipment.ship_date = payload.ship_date
+        shipment.freight_amount = _amount_or_zero(payload.freight_amount)
+        shipment.remark = payload.remark
+        shipment_repository.replace_items(session, shipment_id, _build_item_rows(payload.items))
+        total = shipment_repository.sum_item_amount(session, shipment_id)
+        shipment.total_amount = total if total is not None else Decimal("0")
+        _recalc_totals(session, business)
+        # business_id 创建时定死不可改挂，锁定的 business.business_no 与重查同源
+        out = _to_out((shipment, business.business_no))
+        shipment_no = shipment.shipment_no
+        session.commit()
+        # commit 后不再触碰 ORM 属性（audit_service 约定）：单号已固化
+        logger.info("修改发货单 | shipment_id=%s | no=%s", shipment_id, shipment_no)
+        return out
+
+
+def delete_shipment(
+    session: Session,
+    shipment_id: int,
+    *,
+    operator: User,
+    meta: RequestMeta | None = None,
+) -> None:
+    """删除发货单（物理删除，连带明细行）+ 业务级汇总回写，一个事务。
+
+    被回款批次指定（receipts.shipment_id 引用）→ 400 引导先解除回款的
+    批次指定；业务须状态=1 执行中（终态业务的发货单禁删，与回款写准入
+    同口径）—— 发货单的运费/金额是业务级汇总与 M3 核算的源数据，终态后
+    不得变动。
+
+    :raises NotFoundError: 发货单不存在 / 业务不存在
+    :raises BadRequestError: 业务已完成或已终止 / 已被回款批次指定
+    """
+    shipment = shipment_repository.get_by_id(session, shipment_id)
+    with audit_service.audit(
+        session,
+        operator=operator,
+        record=AuditRecord(
+            module=MODULE_SHIPMENT,
+            action=ACTION_DELETE,
+            summary=f"删除发货单 {shipment.shipment_no if shipment else f'#{shipment_id}'}",
+        ),
+        meta=meta,
+    ):
+        if shipment is None:
+            raise NotFoundError("发货单不存在")
+        business = _ensure_business_writable(session, shipment.business_id, "删除发货单")
+        if shipment_repository.count_receipt_refs(session, shipment_id):
+            raise BadRequestError("已被回款批次指定，请先解除回款的批次指定")
+
+        shipment_no = shipment.shipment_no
+        shipment_repository.delete_with_items(session, shipment_id)
+        _recalc_totals(session, business)
+        session.commit()
+        # commit 后不再触碰 ORM 属性（audit_service 约定）：单号已固化
+        logger.info("删除发货单 | shipment_id=%s | no=%s", shipment_id, shipment_no)

backend/app/services/system_setting_service.py

@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+"""系统设置（公司信息）业务编排。
+
+单例行语义：整个系统恒一行（id=1，迁移种子保底）。logo 只存**相对路径**
+（uploads/logo/ 下固定名覆盖），文件不入库的理由：图片进数据库会让每次
+读取与备份放大传输，且无法独立替换；DB 只持有一行指针。
+
+logo 安全：后缀白名单 + magic bytes 双重校验（上传内容不可信，仅看文件名
+后缀可被伪造）；固定文件名落盘，**不使用上传方文件名**——杜绝路径拼接与
+覆盖任意文件。
+"""
+
+import logging
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+from app.core.config import get_settings
+from app.core.constants import ACTION_UPDATE, MODULE_SYSTEM_SETTINGS
+from app.core.exceptions import BadRequestError, NotFoundError
+from app.models import SystemSetting, User
+from app.schemas.setting import SettingOut, SettingPublicOut, SettingUpdateIn
+from app.services import audit_service
+from app.services.audit_service import AuditRecord, RequestMeta
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+# magic bytes：PNG 固定 8 字节签名；JPEG 以 SOI + APP0/JFIF 起始
+_MAGIC = {
+    "png": b"\x89PNG\r\n\x1a\n",
+    "jpg": b"\xff\xd8\xff",
+}
+LOGO_MAX_BYTES = 2 * 1024 * 1024  # 2MB：页眉/登录页展示尺寸上限，防上传滥用
+
+SETTINGS_ID = 1  # 全系统单行主键
+
+
+def get_setting(session: Session) -> SystemSetting:
+    """取公司信息单行（种子保底 id=1；防御式兜底：极端环境下缺行则补建）。"""
+    setting = session.get(SystemSetting, SETTINGS_ID)
+    if setting is None:
+        setting = SystemSetting(id=SETTINGS_ID, company_name="衍水集团")
+        session.add(setting)
+        session.flush()
+    return setting
+
+
+def to_out(setting: SystemSetting) -> SettingOut:
+    """管理端出参（logo_url 带更新时间版本参数，替换图片后浏览器不再用旧缓存）。"""
+    return SettingOut(
+        company_name=setting.company_name,
+        logo_url=_logo_url(setting),
+    )
+
+
+def to_public_out(setting: SystemSetting) -> SettingPublicOut:
+    """匿名端点出参（白名单字段，独立 schema 见模块说明）。"""
+    return SettingPublicOut(
+        company_name=setting.company_name,
+        logo_url=_logo_url(setting),
+    )
+
+
+def _logo_url(setting: SystemSetting) -> str | None:
+    if not setting.logo_path:
+        return None
+    version = int(setting.update_time.timestamp()) if setting.update_time else 0
+    return f"/api/v1/system/settings/logo/public?v={version}"
+
+
+def update_company(
+    session: Session,
+    payload: SettingUpdateIn,
+    *,
+    operator: User,
+    meta: RequestMeta | None = None,
+) -> SettingOut:
+    """更新公司名称（审计留痕）。"""
+    with audit_service.audit(
+        session,
+        operator=operator,
+        record=AuditRecord(
+            module=MODULE_SYSTEM_SETTINGS,
+            action=ACTION_UPDATE,
+            summary=f"修改公司名称为「{payload.company_name}」",
+            request_data=payload.model_dump(),
+        ),
+        meta=meta,
+    ):
+        setting = get_setting(session)
+        setting.company_name = payload.company_name.strip()
+        session.commit()
+        return to_out(setting)
+
+
+def save_logo(
+    session: Session,
+    content: bytes,
+    ext: str,
+    *,
+    operator: User,
+    meta: RequestMeta | None = None,
+) -> SettingOut:
+    """上传 logo：校验 → 固定名覆盖落盘 → 更新相对路径（审计留痕）。
+
+    旧扩展名文件一并清理（logo.png 换 jpg 后残留文件会继续占盘）。
+    """
+    ext = ext.lower()
+    if ext not in _MAGIC:
+        raise BadRequestError("logo 仅支持 png/jpg 格式")
+    if len(content) > LOGO_MAX_BYTES:
+        raise BadRequestError("logo 文件不能超过 2MB")
+    if not content.startswith(_MAGIC[ext]):
+        raise BadRequestError("文件内容与扩展名不符（仅接受真实图片）")
+
+    with audit_service.audit(
+        session,
+        operator=operator,
+        record=AuditRecord(
+            module=MODULE_SYSTEM_SETTINGS,
+            action=ACTION_UPDATE,
+            summary="更新公司 logo",
+            request_data={"ext": ext, "size": len(content)},
+        ),
+        meta=meta,
+    ):
+        setting = get_setting(session)
+        old_path = setting.logo_path
+
+        # 旧扩展名清理必须在写新文件**之前**：同扩展名覆盖时先写后删会把
+        # 刚落盘的新文件一并删掉（回读 404）
+        old_ext = Path(old_path).suffix.lstrip(".") if old_path else None
+        if old_ext and old_ext != ext:
+            _cleanup_old_logo(old_ext)
+
+        target = _logo_dir() / f"logo.{ext}"
+        target.write_bytes(content)
+
+        setting.logo_path = f"logo/logo.{ext}"
+        session.commit()
+        logger.info("更新公司 logo | size=%s ext=%s", len(content), ext)
+        return to_out(setting)
+
+
+def read_logo(session: Session) -> tuple[Path, str]:
+    """按库中记录定位 logo 文件，返回 (路径, 扩展名)。未上传抛 404。"""
+    setting = get_setting(session)
+    if not setting.logo_path:
+        raise NotFoundError("尚未上传 logo")
+    path = get_settings().upload_dir / setting.logo_path
+    if not path.is_file():
+        raise NotFoundError("logo 文件不存在，请重新上传")
+    return path, path.suffix.lstrip(".")
+
+
+def _logo_dir() -> Path:
+    directory = get_settings().upload_dir / "logo"
+    directory.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    return directory
+
+
+def _cleanup_old_logo(old_ext: str) -> None:
+    if old_ext in _MAGIC:
+        old_file = _logo_dir() / f"logo.{old_ext}"
+        if old_file.exists():
+            old_file.unlink(missing_ok=True)

backend/pyproject.toml

@@ -34,6 +34,8 @@ dependencies = [
     # 图形验证码（纯 Python，依赖 Pillow）
     "captcha>=0.6",
     "pillow>=11.0",
+    "openpyxl>=3.1.5",
+    "python-multipart>=0.0.32",
 ]
 
 [dependency-groups]

backend/tests/README.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # 后端测试
 
-> AI摘要：本项目后端的测试用例清单与运行记录。按「基础设施层随实现即时测、业务模块整模块完成时统一测」分层组织。当前 301 个用例全绿（单元 223 / 集成 78）。
+> AI摘要：本项目后端的测试用例清单与运行记录。按「基础设施层随实现即时测、业务模块整模块完成时统一测」分层组织。当前 603 个用例全绿（单元 381 / 集成 222）。
 
 ## 一、测试约定
 
@@ -81,6 +81,38 @@ uv run pytest tests/integration -q   # 仅集成
 | `integration/test_health.py` | 统一信封与全局异常 | 7 | `/api/health` 始终 200 且依赖状态如实上报；404/405 返回统一信封而非框架默认 `detail` 数组；`/api/docs` 可访问 |
 | `integration/test_schema_sync.py` | DDL 不漂移 | 6 | `db/migration/V1__*.sql` 与 `db/init/init-dev.sql` 的**表集合与列集合逐表比对**——两份 DDL 手工同步迟早漂移，且漂移后果隐蔽（开发库结构与生产不一致，上线才发现） |
 
+### M1 计提参数与岗位角色（2026-10-13 完成）
+
+| 文件 | 守什么 | 用例数 |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| `tests/integration/test_business_roles.py` | 岗位 CRUD 链路、内置岗位禁删禁停（种子 3 个）、模板编码校验、编辑换模板、权限 403、模板下拉 5 项 | 8 |
+| `tests/integration/test_param_management.py` | 目录 16 项与七分组、企业户 2‰→3‰ 按到账日回溯、斜率 4/360 分数原样存储、变更生命周期（立即/未来生效不泄漏/同日取最新/撤回回退/已生效禁撤）、值校验（上限/枚举/除零分数/过去日期）、预览金标准（27 天=97/10000、折算 15000、绩效 145.5、可付 52.38；361 天=4‰）、经理聚合口径拒绝、权限 403 | 18 |
+| `tests/unit/test_formula.py`、`tests/unit/test_param_registry.py` | 八个公式纯函数精确分数断言（第 1 天=899/90000、360=6‰、361=4‰、27 天、防除零、负绩效不归零、R×R）、注册表 16 项与迁移种子同源、模板声明参数闭环 | 43 |
+| `tests/unit/test_param_snapshot.py` | 快照覆盖链（角色>产品类别>默认）、注册表默认值兜底、同日取最新、冻结不可变 | 12 |
+
+运行：`uv run pytest -q` → **406 passed**（2026-10-13 全量含回归；T5 冒烟另验证提交/生效/撤回/对比/导出/预览全链路）。
+
+### 基础数据管理（2026-10-13 完成）
+
+| 文件 | 守什么 | 用例数 |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| `tests/integration/test_personnel.py` | 未登录 401、新增默认在职、工资标准 str 直出、经理自引用/不存在或已离职/岗位停用 400、删除保护（团队成员与客户归属引用→引导改离职）、辐射区域与拓展计划全量替换（含清空与详情回显）、在职/离职切换、审计成功与失败双记录 | 20 |
+| `tests/integration/test_products.py` | 未登录 401、类别值域 400、名称+规格组合唯一（同名称不同规格放行）、单价负数/非数字 400、启停切换、改类别、审计留痕 | 14 |
+| `tests/integration/test_customers.py` | 未登录 401、客户分类值域 400、「公司名称+负责人」组合唯一（同公司不同负责人放行）、归属变更（主表更新+留痕字段断言）、归属人员离职 400、新旧相同含双方为空 400、留痕分页 join 姓名、编辑端点不触归属、审计留痕 | 14 |
+
+运行：`uv run pytest tests/integration/test_personnel.py tests/integration/test_products.py tests/integration/test_customers.py -q` → **48 passed**（2026-10-13，连跑两次幂等）。
+
+### 业务数据管理（2026-10-13 完成）
+
+| 文件 | 守什么 | 用例数 |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| `tests/integration/test_businesses.py` | 未登录 401；编号 `YW{YYYYMMDD}-{4位}` 与当日序号递增；空明细/数量 0/非法类别/单价非数字 400；**销售额服务层固化**（schema 无 sale_amount 入参，塞了忽略）；特殊业务必填说明；编辑全量替换后**三处冗余一致**（明细 SUM == 业务冗余列 == DB SUM）；状态机（终止无原因 400 → 留痕 old=1/new=3 → 终态再变更 400）；归属变更主表+留痕同生（old/new owner 与 assistant、owner_type=2）、归属未变化 400、创建时归属人员已离职 400；有发货/回款禁换客户禁删；空业务删除连带清理明细/状态留痕/业务归属留痕；毛利润视图金标准（销售 10000/成本 30 → 率 997/1000、市政 30% → 折算 6970；**销售额 0 全 0 防除零**；**成本缺失行**派生为 null 不计类别汇总；**asOf 按业务日期回溯旧阈值**）；审计成功/失败双记录 | 25 |
+| `tests/integration/test_shipments.py` | 未登录 401；编号 `SH{YYYYMMDD}-{4位}`；业务不存在 404；终态业务禁新发货 400；空明细/数量 0/运费负数/运费三位小数 400；**行金额与发货单总额服务层固化**；业务 total_ship/total_freight 回写一致；编辑后两处汇总同步；被回款指定禁删（解除后可删）；删除后业务级汇总回退；终态业务发货单禁改禁删；审计双记录 | 15 |
+| `tests/integration/test_receipts.py` | 未登录 401；批次 `HK{YYYYMMDD}-{4位}`；未指定批次可登记且 payment_days 为 null；**指定批次派生「发货日首日计第 1 天」**（2026-10-05 → 2026-11-02 = 29 天，编辑清指定后回 null）；业务不存在 404 / 终态禁新增 400；金额负数/三位小数 400；**跨业务指定批次 400**（「发货批次不属于该业务，无法指定」，编辑路同校验）；合计回写与删除回退；**已核算（改库 settlement_status=1）禁改禁删**；settlement_status 筛选 0/1 两路；审计双记录 | 16 |
+| `tests/integration/test_ratings.py` | 未登录 401；种子四等级全量按 sort_order 升序（A 90-100/B 75-89/C 60-74/D 0-59）；区间倒挂/超上限/负下限 → 400「分值区间不合法」；名称唯一 → 400「该等级名称已存在」；**新增与编辑两路重叠 400 点名冲突等级**；**边界相邻不算重叠正例**（删 C 后新增 60-74 / 把 D 编辑为 0-74，74 与 75 相邻放行）；编辑改名改区间回显；删除后判定表更新、二次删除 404；审计双记录。种子删改由 conftest 兜底恢复 | 14 |
+
+运行：`uv run pytest tests/integration/test_{businesses,shipments,receipts,ratings}.py -q` → **70 passed**（2026-10-13，连跑两次幂等）；全量回归 `uv run pytest -q` → **603 passed**（单元 381 / 集成 222）。
+
 ## 三、运行记录
 
 | 日期 | 范围 | 用例数 | 结果 | 备注 |
@@ -90,6 +122,11 @@ uv run pytest tests/integration -q   # 仅集成
 | 2026-10-09 | 全部 | 184 | ✅ 通过（25.46s） | **登录鉴权模块完成**后统一编写并执行该模块测试套件（新增 65 例）。集成用例需容器在跑 |
 | 2026-10-10 | 全部 | 282 | ✅ 通过（103.81s） | **系统管理模块（用户/角色/日志）完成**后统一编写该模块套件（新增 91 例：单元 48 / 集成 43）。含操作日志审计机制专项；**e2e 发现并修复 `replace_roles` 唯一键缺陷**（见四、缺陷表）；集成用例需容器在跑 |
 | 2026-10-10 | 全部 | 301 | ✅ 通过（87.40s） | **code-review 缺陷修复后全量回归**（新增/改造 19 例）。密码结构化脱敏、时区归一、日志详情两段式各有专项；集成套件因密码哈希模块级预计算提速（63s→42s） |
+| 2026-10-13 | 基础数据集成三文件 | 48 | ✅ 通过（27.60s） | **基础数据管理模块完成**后统一编写（人员 20/产品 14/客户 14）。审计上下文内外的校验位置差异为本次新发现的缺陷类别（见下） |
+| 2026-10-13 | 业务数据集成四文件 | 70 | ✅ 通过（54.73s，连跑两次幂等） | **业务数据管理（后端接口）完成**后统一编写（业务 25/发货 15/回款 16/评级 14）。全量回归 603 例通过 |
+| 2026-10-13 | 全量回归 + 两个 e2e | 605 | ✅ 605 passed（208s）；e2e 基础数据 13 步 + 业务全链路 16 步全过 | **M2 收尾**：删除保护补齐（+2 用例）后最终回归 605；e2e 期间修复三处缺陷（见下表），均已用例锁定 |
+| 2026-10-13 | 全部 | 603 | ✅ 通过（5:17） | **T11 全量回归**（单元 381 / 集成 222），含本模块 70 例 |
+| 2026-10-15 | 全量回归 + e2e | 639 | ✅ 全部通过 | **code-review 32 条修复后全量回归**（新增 34 例：跨位宽 3 / 参数预览与维度 3 / 审计重试 2 / 终态编辑与 quantize 2 / 产品保护 2+6 / 评级锁 1 / formula 钳制 1 等）。e2e 冒烟：登录 8 项 + 系统管理 13 项 + 基础数据 13 步 + 业务全链路 16 步全过（拦截器/正则收口/params 分页改造后复跑） |
 
 ## 四、测试发现并修复的缺陷
 
@@ -109,14 +146,29 @@ uv run pytest tests/integration -q   # 仅集成
 | 2026-10-10 | `.gitignore` 的 `logs/` 规则吞掉日志查询页目录 | 规则无前导斜杠、匹配任意层级：`frontend/src/views/system/logs/` 整体被忽略，文件**进不了版本库**——干净克隆构建失败（本地因文件已在磁盘上而一切"正常"，隐蔽性极强） | 收窄为 `/backend/logs/`（该规则本意即后端运行日志）；以 `git check-ignore` 实证不再命中 |
 | 2026-10-10 | 时间筛选未做时区归一 | 混用 aware/naive 抛 TypeError 穿透成 **500**；带时区输入被驱动静默丢弃偏移（查询窗口偏 8 小时且无提示） | `LogQueryBase` 加 field_validator：aware → `astimezone()` 本地 naive、naive 原样；补 4 例专项 |
 | 2026-10-10 | 审计时序两处缺陷 | ① 失败路径 rollback 后读 operator 触发额外查询，账号并发被删时 ObjectDeletedError 被兜底吞掉、失败审计静默丢失；② 成功/失败两分支 8 个实参重复展开，且 role/user service 在 commit 之后仍做查询与响应构造——后置查询一旦抛错，「已提交成功」会被记成失败 | operator 标量进入时固化；审计链 DTO 化（`audit` 4 参 / `_safe_write` 2 参 / `add` 2 参）；service 的 commit 后查询与响应构造全部前置 |
+| 2026-10-13 | 基础数据三 service 的**前置校验在审计上下文之外** | 校验失败（岗位停用/经理自引用/分类不合法等 400）完全不留操作日志，违背「成功与失败都记」的既定原则——与 2026-10-10 审计时序缺陷同源，新写的 service 又犯了（各自独立实现时口径漂移） | personnel/product/customer 三 service 的值域与引用校验统一移入 `audit_service.audit` 上下文内；集成用例锁定（审计成功与失败双记录） |
+| 2026-10-13 | `change_status` 状态留痕的 old_status 取到**赋值后**的 ORM 属性 | 时间线记成 `old==new`（如 1→3 的变更记成 3→3）——「变更前状态」无法回溯，状态流转追溯失效。由集成用例断言 `(old,new)==(1,3)` 抓住 | 赋值前固化 `old_status = business.status` 再流转；应用日志一并修正；回归用例锁定 |
+| 2026-10-13 | **客户/人员删除保护漏检业务引用**（T4 占位注释「待业务表就位后补充」在 T7 交付后无人补齐） | 被业务引用的客户、被业务归属（负责/协助）引用的人员删除 → FK RESTRICT 穿透成 **500**。**由 e2e 清理步骤暴露**（集成测试只覆盖了 T2/T4 当时的引用面，业务表就位后引用面扩大未回看） | customer 删除加 `count_business_refs` 检查 + IntegrityError 兜底 400；personnel 删除加 `count_business_roles_refs`（负责/协助合并统计）；补 2 个集成用例锁定；文案更新「客户归属或业务归属引用」 |
+| 2026-10-13 | **单价列（DECIMAL(14,4)）被两位小数校验拒收**（前后端同源） | 编辑任何带精度的历史单价（回显 "5000.0000"）被前端 `AMOUNT_PATTERN` 与后端 `_check_amount` 双双拒绝——**创建后单价带小数位的记录永远无法编辑**。**由 e2e「编辑业务」步骤暴露**（创建用整数、编辑回显带 4 位小数，恰好只在这条路径相遇） | 后端 `_check_amount` 加 `scale` 参数（金额/数量 2 位、单价类 4 位）；前端业务/发货明细行单价类放行 4 位；集成用例锁定 |
+| 2026-10-13 | 发货 `freight_amount` 漏做金额校验 | 负数/三位小数/超容量的运费直接落库（schema 对 quantity/sale_price 都复用了 `_check_amount`，唯独运费没套用），业务运费合计与报表随之错乱 | shipments.py schema 的 Create/Update 加 `field_validator("freight_amount")`（同套口径，文案「运费金额不能为负数 / 最多两位小数」）；集成用例锁定 |
+| 2026-10-15 | **计算预览把 ‰ 存储值当纯比例相乘**（企业户/信息员分支） | `enterprise.rate`=3（3‰）、`info.rate`=1（1‰）未经 ÷1000 直接乘——绩效金额放大 1000 倍（15000×3=45000）。**既有测试只覆盖业务员路径**（`salesperson_rate` 内部有 ÷1000），两分支零覆盖使缺陷存活；该预览是 M3 核算共用契约 | 两分支显式 `/1000` 并注释声明换算；补企业户/信息员精确数值用例锁定 |
+| 2026-10-15 | **编号撞唯一键的重试写在 audit 上下文内 `return _retry_create`**（业务/发货/回款三处同构） | 吞异常后正常退出被记 `success=True`（假成功审计，业务实际已回滚）；重入整个 `create_*` 违反「不支持嵌套」约定；`_NO_RETRY=1` 死常量致持续冲突时**无界递归**至 RecursionError | 改为 audit 上下文内 for 循环（上限 `_NO_RETRY`），rollback 后重新锁行与取号；新增集成用例锁定「成功/最终失败各恰好一条日志」 |
+| 2026-10-15 | **单号 MAX 检索用 VARCHAR 字典序**（`no_generator`） | 序号破 4 位宽度（9999→10000）后字典序反转（"-10000"<"-9999"），MAX 恒取旧值 → seq 恒重算同一号码 → 当日该前缀所有建单持续撞唯一键 | 排序改「长度优先、同级字典序」（同前缀下长度大即数值大）；跨位宽/同宽/空表三用例锁定；param 版本号一并复用 |
+| 2026-10-15 | **编辑业务全程无锁读 + 无终态门槛** | ① 「有发货禁换客户」走无锁快照读，与发货/回款写路径（FOR UPDATE）不互斥——并发新增发货可旁路保护；② 已完成/已终止业务仍可全量改明细并重算 M3 核算基线（发货/回款服务禁写终态，父单据反而放行） | `get_with_names` 加 `for_update`；update 补终态门槛；前端编辑按钮终态禁用；`has_docs` 单点收口（update/delete 共用） |
+| 2026-10-15 | **删除产品无引用保护**（docstring「待 V5 补充」在 V5 就位后未兑现） | 被业务/发货明细引用的产品删除 → FK RESTRICT 穿透成 500（与 2026-10-13 客户/人员删除保护漏检同源——「占位注释交付后无人回看」第二次发生） | `count_refs`（两明细表）+ IntegrityError 兜底 400；**全局注册 IntegrityError handler** 兜底未来遗漏（漏网的引用冲突收敛 400 而非 500） |
+| 2026-10-15 | **产品 schema 私写校验不查小数位与容量** | `sale_price` 用 `_parse_non_negative`（非负/有限），5 位小数被 Numeric(14,4) **静默截断**（舍入即算错钱）、超容量 500——与 fba8cfc 修掉的「schema 小数位口径」同源残留 | 复用 `_check_amount`（PRICE_MAX+scale=4 / AMOUNT_MAX）；6 个秒级 schema 单测锁定 |
+| 2026-10-15 | 行金额乘积（数量2位×单价4位=6位小数）直写 DECIMAL(14,2) | MySQL 静默舍入且回显漂移：创建响应读内存值 "5.166615"、复查读库值 "5.17"——同一行金额前后显示不一致 | 显式 `quantize(HALF_UP)` 固化（与 MySQL 舍入方向一致）；回显/库值一致性用例锁定 |
+| 2026-10-15 | 先款后货（payment_days 为负）计提比例线性外插 | 比例 = 起始 + \|天数\|×斜率，**高于起始值甚至超 100%**——M3 接入真实回款后直接多算绩效工资（预览被 schema 拦住、回款登记不校验日期先后，缺陷在 M3 前不可见） | `salesperson_rate` 钳制 days≥0（按起始比例计提；payment_days 出参仍照实输出负值，口径经用户 2026-10-15 裁决） |
+| 2026-10-15 | 评级区间重叠先查后写无锁、无唯一键兜底 | 两管理员并发提交重叠区间互判不重叠而双双入库——同一总分命中多等级且结果取决于插入顺序 | 判重叠的 `list_all` 加 FOR UPDATE 锁全表行串行化；只读直出不加锁 |
+| 2026-10-15 | 岗位维度值大小写校验（ci）与快照匹配（精确）不对称 | API 提交 "SalesPerson" 校验通过入库，快照字典按精确键取值不命中——**静默按错误参数算钱且无报错**；param_code 变形大写则 get_spec 抛 ValueError 成 500 | 校验命中后一律以库里规范值落库（role_code/definition.param_code）；批量预载字典键 casefold 归一保持等价命中 |
 
 ## 五、待补用例
 
 | 模块 | 状态 | 说明 |
 | --- | --- | --- |
-| 基础数据管理 | 未开始 | 依赖 T+ 对接方式确认 |
-| 业务数据管理 | 未开始 | 依赖需求澄清（回款天数口径等 10 项） |
-| 绩效工资核算 | 未开始 | 依赖需求澄清；金额精度需专项用例（`Fraction` 与 1/90 日斜率） |
+| 基础数据管理 | ✅ 已完成 | 2026-10-13 完成（48 例，见上表）；「被业务数据引用」的删除保护已随 T11 的业务/发货禁删用例覆盖 |
+| 业务数据管理 | ✅ 后端已完成 | 2026-10-13 完成（70 例，见上表）；前端页面与绩效核算联动（M3 台账核销回写 settlement_status）待 M3 补测 |
+| 绩效工资核算 | 未开始 | 需求已澄清；金额精度需专项用例（`Fraction` 与 1/90 日斜率已在 M1 公式层覆盖） |
 | 报表统计 | 未开始 | 依赖报表口径确认 |
 
 > 系统管理模块（用户/角色/日志查询）已于 2026-10-10 完成并补齐用例，见上表。

backend/tests/integration/conftest.py

@@ -7,19 +7,60 @@
 - 测试账号/角色统一 ``t_`` 前缀；工厂夹具清理自己创建的对象，另有
   autouse 兜底按前缀全量清理（用例经**接口**创建的数据不在工厂名下，
   失败中断时会残留并影响后续用例的 total 断言）
+- M2 基础数据（人员姓名/产品名/公司名/测试岗位编码）同用 ``t_`` 前缀，
+  兜底清理按前缀删除；归属留痕对客户/人员 ID 无外键固化、不随主表删除
+  消失，必须显式清理，否则残留会影响后续用例对留痕条数的断言
 - 操作日志的清理同时按 username 与 user_id —— 账号被删除后其 ``user_id``
   会被 SET NULL，只能靠冗余的 username 追溯，清理逻辑必须覆盖两种状态
+- M2 业务数据（业务/发货/回款）单据编号由系统生成（YW/SH/HK 前缀 + 当日
+  序号），**没有 t_ 前缀可用**，兜底清理按编号前缀全量清（三类单据表目前
+  只有测试会写）；外键均为 RESTRICT，删除顺序不能倒，且必须在客户/人员
+  清理之前（FK 会挡住删客户/删人员）；评级判定表则恢复种子基线 ——
+  评级用例会删改种子构造重叠/相邻场景，恢复保证跨文件幂等
 """
 
 import uuid
+from decimal import Decimal
 
 import pytest
-from sqlalchemy import delete, select
+from sqlalchemy import delete, select, update
 
 from app.core.constants import ROLE_ADMIN, ROLE_USER
 from app.core.db import get_session_factory
 from app.core.security import create_access_token, hash_password
-from app.models import OperationLog, Role, User, UserRole
+from app.models import (
+    ApprovalOrder,
+    Business,
+    BusinessItem,
+    BusinessRole,
+    BusinessStatusLog,
+    Customer,
+    CustomerRatingGrade,
+    OperationLog,
+    OwnershipChangeLog,
+    ParamChangeBatch,
+    ParamValue,
+    Personnel,
+    PersonnelPlan,
+    PersonnelRegion,
+    Product,
+    Receipt,
+    Role,
+    Shipment,
+    ShipmentItem,
+    User,
+    UserRole,
+)
+from app.models.customer import OWNER_TYPE_BUSINESS
+
+# 评级判定表的种子基线（与 db/migration/V5 一致）：判定按 sort_order 升序
+# 取首个 min_score ≤ 总分的等级，种子铺满 0-100
+_RATING_SEEDS = [
+    ("A", Decimal("90"), Decimal("100"), 1, "优秀"),
+    ("B", Decimal("75"), Decimal("89"), 2, "良好"),
+    ("C", Decimal("60"), Decimal("74"), 3, "合格"),
+    ("D", Decimal("0"), Decimal("59"), 4, "待改进"),
+]
 
 TEST_PASSWORD = "TestPwd@2026"
 # 模块级预计算一次：bcrypt（rounds=12）单次约 0.2–0.4 秒，逐用例重复哈希
@@ -53,6 +94,95 @@ def _purge_test_data() -> None:
         if role_ids:
             session.execute(delete(UserRole).where(UserRole.role_id.in_(role_ids)))
             session.execute(delete(Role).where(Role.id.in_(role_ids)))
+
+        # ---- M2 业务数据（T11）：业务/发货/回款三类单据 ----
+        # 编号系统生成、无 t_ 前缀可用，按业务编号前缀全量清（三类单据表目前
+        # 只有测试会写）。外键均为 RESTRICT，删除顺序不能倒：回款 → 发货
+        # 明细 → 发货单 → 业务明细 → 状态留痕 → 业务维度归属留痕（无外键，
+        # 须显式清）→ 业务主表；且必须在下方客户/人员清理之前，否则 FK 挡住
+        # 删客户/删人员（businesses.customer_id / .owner_personnel_id RESTRICT）
+        business_ids = list(
+            session.execute(select(Business.id).where(Business.business_no.like("YW%"))).scalars()
+        )
+        shipment_ids = list(
+            session.execute(select(Shipment.id).where(Shipment.shipment_no.like("SH%"))).scalars()
+        )
+        if business_ids:
+            session.execute(delete(Receipt).where(Receipt.business_id.in_(business_ids)))
+        if shipment_ids:
+            session.execute(delete(ShipmentItem).where(ShipmentItem.shipment_id.in_(shipment_ids)))
+            session.execute(delete(Shipment).where(Shipment.id.in_(shipment_ids)))
+        if business_ids:
+            session.execute(delete(BusinessItem).where(BusinessItem.business_id.in_(business_ids)))
+            session.execute(
+                delete(BusinessStatusLog).where(BusinessStatusLog.business_id.in_(business_ids))
+            )
+            session.execute(
+                delete(OwnershipChangeLog).where(
+                    OwnershipChangeLog.owner_type == OWNER_TYPE_BUSINESS,
+                    OwnershipChangeLog.business_id.in_(business_ids),
+                )
+            )
+            session.execute(delete(Business).where(Business.id.in_(business_ids)))
+
+        # 评级判定表恢复种子基线：评级用例会删改种子构造重叠/相邻场景，
+        # 兜底恢复保证每个用例开始时都是纯种子（判定表无下游引用，全删全插安全）
+        session.execute(delete(CustomerRatingGrade))
+        session.add_all(
+            CustomerRatingGrade(grade_name=n, min_score=lo, max_score=hi, sort_order=so, remark=rm)
+            for n, lo, hi, so, rm in _RATING_SEEDS
+        )
+
+        # ---- M2 基础数据：客户/归属留痕/人员/产品/测试岗位 ----
+        # 外键均为 RESTRICT，删除顺序不能倒：留痕无外键先按 customer_id 清，
+        # 再删客户（子表）→ 人员（先置空 manager_id 自引用、清子表）→ 产品
+        personnel_ids = list(
+            session.execute(
+                select(Personnel.id).where(Personnel.personnel_name.like("t\\_%"))
+            ).scalars()
+        )
+        customer_ids = list(
+            session.execute(
+                select(Customer.id).where(Customer.company_name.like("t\\_%"))
+            ).scalars()
+        )
+        if customer_ids:
+            session.execute(
+                delete(OwnershipChangeLog).where(OwnershipChangeLog.customer_id.in_(customer_ids))
+            )
+            session.execute(delete(Customer).where(Customer.id.in_(customer_ids)))
+        # 客户被物理删除后其 customer_id 已无从收集，按操作人用户名兜底一条
+        session.execute(
+            delete(OwnershipChangeLog).where(OwnershipChangeLog.operator_name.like("t\\_%"))
+        )
+        if personnel_ids:
+            session.execute(
+                update(Personnel)
+                .where(Personnel.manager_id.in_(personnel_ids))
+                .values(manager_id=None)
+            )
+            session.execute(
+                delete(PersonnelRegion).where(PersonnelRegion.personnel_id.in_(personnel_ids))
+            )
+            session.execute(
+                delete(PersonnelPlan).where(PersonnelPlan.personnel_id.in_(personnel_ids))
+            )
+            session.execute(delete(Personnel).where(Personnel.id.in_(personnel_ids)))
+        session.execute(delete(Product).where(Product.product_name.like("t\\_%")))
+        # 人员已先删（business_role_id 外键 RESTRICT），直建的测试岗位此时可安全删
+        session.execute(delete(BusinessRole).where(BusinessRole.role_code.like("t\\_%")))
+
+        # ---- M3：审批单 / 二次分配 / 参数开关基线 ----
+        # 审批单无 t_ 前缀可用，按 AP 编号前缀全量清（steps 外键 CASCADE 随删；
+        # ref_id 固化无外键，业务已在上一步删除，无悬挂影响）
+        session.execute(delete(ApprovalOrder).where(ApprovalOrder.order_no.like("AP%")))
+        # 开关参数恢复种子基线：测试提交的变更批次条目 id 均大于种子终值 21
+        # （V3 十九条 + V6 两条），删新条目与新批次后解析回退到种子值（开关=0）
+        stray_values = list(session.execute(select(ParamValue).where(ParamValue.id > 21)).scalars())
+        if stray_values:
+            stray_batches = {v.batch_id for v in stray_values}
+            session.execute(delete(ParamValue).where(ParamValue.id > 21))
+            session.execute(delete(ParamChangeBatch).where(ParamChangeBatch.id.in_(stray_batches)))
         session.commit()
 
 

backend/tests/integration/factories.py

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+"""集成测试共用工厂：客户 → 业务 → 明细的最小造数链。
+
+回款/发货/业务三个测试文件此前各持一份逐字相同的工厂（口径漂移已经
+发生：同一 _customer 三份、payload 细节靠复制维持），收口后「t_ 前缀、
+默认明细行、业务日期取今日」单点维护；conftest 兜底清理按 t_ 前缀与
+YW/SH/HK 编号前缀覆盖本模块全部造数。
+"""
+
+import uuid
+from datetime import date
+
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+_CUSTOMERS = "/api/v1/base/customers"
+_BUSINESSES = "/api/v1/business/businesses"
+
+
+def customer(client: TestClient, headers: dict) -> dict:
+    """建一名 t_ 前缀测试客户（业务的必选引用）。"""
+    resp = client.post(
+        _CUSTOMERS,
+        json={
+            "company_name": f"t_公司_{uuid.uuid4().hex[:8]}",
+            "owner_name": "张老板",
+            "customer_type": "personal",
+        },
+        headers=headers,
+    )
+    assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+    return resp.json()["data"]
+
+
+def business_item(**overrides: object) -> dict:
+    """业务明细行入参（默认：数量 100 × 单价 100.00 = 销售额 10000）。"""
+    body: dict = {
+        "product_name": f"t_产品_{uuid.uuid4().hex[:8]}",
+        "product_category": "municipal_water",
+        "quantity": "100",
+        "sale_price": "100.00",
+    }
+    body.update(overrides)
+    return body
+
+
+def business_payload(customer_id: int, **overrides: object) -> dict:
+    body: dict = {
+        "customer_id": customer_id,
+        "business_date": str(date.today()),
+        "items": [business_item()],
+    }
+    body.update(overrides)
+    return body
+
+
+def create_business(client: TestClient, headers: dict) -> dict:
+    """建一名 t_ 客户并挂一笔默认业务（发货/回款须先有业务）。"""
+    cust = customer(client, headers)
+    resp = client.post(_BUSINESSES, json=business_payload(cust["id"]), headers=headers)
+    assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+    return resp.json()["data"]

backend/tests/integration/test_approval_flow.py

@@ -0,0 +1,312 @@
+"""审批流集成测试（二次分配方案为首个接入对象）。
+
+守的是（计划 T4 验收矩阵）：
+- 开关关闭（种子默认 0）：提单即「自动通过」——status=3 且两级节点
+  action=3 留痕（留痕不断链，关闭=直接生效的需求口径）
+- 开关开启：status=1 → 财务通过 → status=2 → 领导通过 → status=3
+- 驳回：整体驳回 status=4，意见留痕；驳回必填意见（空驳 400）
+- 节点准入：status=1 仅财务、status=2 仅领导；**admin 不代办**（403）；
+  普通用户/营销后勤进不了模块（403）
+- 再编辑撤旧建新：在途单 status=5 + node=0/action=4 撤回留痕，新单新建
+- 方案为空不提单
+- 开关读一次：同一提交路径内参数变化不影响判定（种子级默认行为锁定）
+
+角色用户经 make_user 造（finance/leader/marketing_ops 三新角色种子在库）。
+开关联动走参数变更批次（PUT /system/params 端到端，不直改库）。
+"""
+
+import uuid
+
+import pytest
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+from tests.integration.factories import business_payload, customer
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.integration
+
+_BUSINESSES = "/api/v1/business/businesses"
+_APPROVALS = "/api/v1/system/approvals"
+_PARAMS = "/api/v1/system/params"
+_PERSONNEL = "/api/v1/base/personnel"
+
+
+def _person(client: TestClient, headers: dict) -> dict:
+    resp = client.post(
+        _PERSONNEL,
+        json={
+            "personnel_name": f"t_审批_{uuid.uuid4().hex[:8]}",
+            "business_role_id": _any_role_id(),
+            "salary_standard": "3000.00",
+        },
+        headers=headers,
+    )
+    assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+    return resp.json()["data"]
+
+
+def _any_role_id() -> int:
+    from sqlalchemy import select
+
+    from app.core.constants import BUSINESS_ROLE_SALESPERSON
+    from app.core.db import get_session_factory
+    from app.models import BusinessRole
+
+    factory = get_session_factory()
+    with factory() as session:
+        return int(
+            session.execute(
+                select(BusinessRole.id).where(
+                    BusinessRole.role_code == BUSINESS_ROLE_SALESPERSON,
+                    BusinessRole.status == 1,
+                )
+            ).scalar_one()
+        )
+
+
+def _create_with_plan(client: TestClient, headers: dict, personnel_id: int) -> dict:
+    cust = customer(client, headers)
+    resp = client.post(
+        _BUSINESSES,
+        json=business_payload(
+            cust["id"],
+            secondary_allocations=[{"personnel_id": personnel_id, "ratio": "50.00"}],
+        ),
+        headers=headers,
+    )
+    assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+    return resp.json()["data"]
+
+
+def _latest_order(client: TestClient, headers: dict, refer_no: str) -> dict:
+    resp = client.get(_APPROVALS, params={"keyword": refer_no, "pageSize": 1}, headers=headers)
+    assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+    rows = resp.json()["data"]["list"]
+    assert rows, f"未找到审批单：{refer_no}"
+    detail = client.get(f"{_APPROVALS}/{rows[0]['id']}", headers=headers)
+    return detail.json()["data"]
+
+
+def _set_switch(client: TestClient, admin_headers: dict, value: str) -> None:
+    """经参数变更批次把二次分配审批开关置值（立即生效）。"""
+    resp = client.post(
+        f"{_PARAMS}/changes",
+        json={
+            "change_type": 1,
+            "remark": f"测试切换审批开关={value}",
+            "items": [
+                {
+                    "param_code": "approval.secondary_allocation.enabled",
+                    "dimension_value": "",
+                    "value": value,
+                }
+            ],
+        },
+        headers=admin_headers,
+    )
+    assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def finance(make_user, auth_headers) -> dict:
+    """财务角色账号（审批第二节点）。"""
+    user = make_user(["finance"])
+    user["headers"] = auth_headers(user)
+    return user
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def leader(make_user, auth_headers) -> dict:
+    """领导角色账号（审批第三节点）。"""
+    user = make_user(["leader"])
+    user["headers"] = auth_headers(user)
+    return user
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def switched_on(client: TestClient, admin: dict) -> None:
+    """把二次分配审批开关置 1（立即生效；用例结束由 conftest 恢复种子基线）。"""
+    _set_switch(client, admin["headers"], "1")
+
+
+class TestSwitchOff:
+    """开关关闭（种子默认）：提单即自动通过。"""
+
+    def test_创建带方案_自动通过全节点留痕(
+        self, client: TestClient, admin: dict, finance: dict
+    ) -> None:
+        p = _person(client, admin["headers"])
+        data = _create_with_plan(client, admin["headers"], p["id"])
+
+        order = _latest_order(client, finance["headers"], data["business_no"])
+        assert order["status"] == 3
+        assert order["order_no"].startswith("AP")
+        auto_steps = [s for s in order["steps"] if s["action"] == 3]
+        assert len(auto_steps) == 2
+        assert {s["node"] for s in auto_steps} == {1, 2}
+        assert all(s["operator_name"] == "系统" for s in auto_steps)
+
+    def test_方案为空不提单(self, client: TestClient, admin: dict, finance: dict) -> None:
+        cust = customer(client, admin["headers"])
+        resp = client.post(_BUSINESSES, json=business_payload(cust["id"]), headers=admin["headers"])
+        assert resp.status_code == 200
+        rows = client.get(
+            _APPROVALS,
+            params={"keyword": resp.json()["data"]["business_no"]},
+            headers=finance["headers"],
+        ).json()["data"]["list"]
+        assert rows == []
+
+
+class TestSwitchOn:
+    """开关开启：两节点人工流转。"""
+
+    @pytest.fixture
+    def switched_on(self, client: TestClient, admin: dict) -> None:
+        _set_switch(client, admin["headers"], "1")
+
+    def test_两节点流转至通过(
+        self, client: TestClient, admin: dict, finance, leader, switched_on
+    ) -> None:
+
+        p = _person(client, admin["headers"])
+        data = _create_with_plan(client, admin["headers"], p["id"])
+
+        order = _latest_order(client, finance["headers"], data["business_no"])
+        assert order["status"] == 1
+
+        # 财务通过 → 待领导
+        resp = client.post(
+            f"{_APPROVALS}/{order['id']}/action",
+            json={"action": 1, "opinion": "同意"},
+            headers=finance["headers"],
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+        assert resp.json()["data"]["status"] == 2
+
+        # 领导通过 → 已通过
+        resp = client.post(
+            f"{_APPROVALS}/{order['id']}/action",
+            json={"action": 1},
+            headers=leader["headers"],
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+        assert resp.json()["data"]["status"] == 3
+        manual = [s for s in resp.json()["data"]["steps"] if s["action"] == 1]
+        assert {s["node"] for s in manual} == {1, 2}
+
+    def test_财务驳回_整体驳回且意见留痕(
+        self, client: TestClient, admin: dict, finance, leader, switched_on
+    ) -> None:
+        _ = leader
+        p = _person(client, admin["headers"])
+        data = _create_with_plan(client, admin["headers"], p["id"])
+        order = _latest_order(client, finance["headers"], data["business_no"])
+
+        resp = client.post(
+            f"{_APPROVALS}/{order['id']}/action",
+            json={"action": 2, "opinion": "比例分配不合理"},
+            headers=finance["headers"],
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+        out = resp.json()["data"]
+        assert out["status"] == 4
+        rejected = [s for s in out["steps"] if s["action"] == 2]
+        assert rejected and rejected[0]["opinion"] == "比例分配不合理"
+
+    def test_驳回缺意见被拒(
+        self, client: TestClient, admin: dict, finance, leader, switched_on
+    ) -> None:
+        p = _person(client, admin["headers"])
+        data = _create_with_plan(client, admin["headers"], p["id"])
+        order = _latest_order(client, finance["headers"], data["business_no"])
+
+        resp = client.post(
+            f"{_APPROVALS}/{order['id']}/action",
+            json={"action": 2},
+            headers=finance["headers"],
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 400
+
+    def test_节点准入_领导不能审财务节点_admin不代办(
+        self, client: TestClient, admin: dict, finance, leader, switched_on
+    ) -> None:
+        p = _person(client, admin["headers"])
+        data = _create_with_plan(client, admin["headers"], p["id"])
+        order = _latest_order(client, leader["headers"], data["business_no"])
+
+        # status=1 是财务节点：领导不行，admin 也不代办
+        for headers in (leader["headers"], admin["headers"]):
+            resp = client.post(
+                f"{_APPROVALS}/{order['id']}/action",
+                json={"action": 1},
+                headers=headers,
+            )
+            assert resp.status_code == 403
+
+    def test_重复操作已通过单被拒(
+        self, client: TestClient, admin: dict, finance, leader, switched_on
+    ) -> None:
+
+        p = _person(client, admin["headers"])
+        data = _create_with_plan(client, admin["headers"], p["id"])
+        order = _latest_order(client, finance["headers"], data["business_no"])
+        client.post(
+            f"{_APPROVALS}/{order['id']}/action", json={"action": 1}, headers=finance["headers"]
+        )
+        client.post(
+            f"{_APPROVALS}/{order['id']}/action", json={"action": 1}, headers=leader["headers"]
+        )
+        resp = client.post(
+            f"{_APPROVALS}/{order['id']}/action", json={"action": 1}, headers=finance["headers"]
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 400
+
+
+class TestResubmit:
+    """再编辑撤旧建新。"""
+
+    def test_在途单撤回并新建(
+        self, client: TestClient, admin: dict, finance, leader, switched_on
+    ) -> None:
+        p = _person(client, admin["headers"])
+        data = _create_with_plan(client, admin["headers"], p["id"])
+        first = _latest_order(client, finance["headers"], data["business_no"])
+        assert first["status"] == 1
+
+        # 再编辑（仍带方案）→ 旧在途单撤回、新单待审
+        detail = client.get(f"{_BUSINESSES}/{data['id']}", headers=admin["headers"]).json()["data"]
+        payload = business_payload(
+            detail["customer_id"],
+            secondary_allocations=[{"personnel_id": p["id"], "ratio": "80.00"}],
+        )
+        resp = client.put(f"{_BUSINESSES}/{data['id']}", json=payload, headers=admin["headers"])
+        assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+
+        rows = client.get(
+            _APPROVALS,
+            params={"keyword": data["business_no"], "pageSize": 10},
+            headers=finance["headers"],
+        ).json()["data"]["list"]
+        statuses = {row["status"] for row in rows}
+        assert 5 in statuses and 1 in statuses, f"未见撤回+新建：{statuses}"
+        old_detail = client.get(f"{_APPROVALS}/{first['id']}", headers=finance["headers"]).json()
+        withdraw_steps = [s for s in old_detail["data"]["steps"] if s["action"] == 4]
+        assert withdraw_steps and withdraw_steps[0]["node"] == 0
+
+
+class TestModuleAccess:
+    """模块准入：普通用户与营销后勤不可见（权限清单待澄清 #6）。"""
+
+    def test_普通用户403(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        assert client.get(_APPROVALS, headers=normal["headers"]).status_code == 403
+
+    def test_营销后勤403_暂不可见(self, client: TestClient, make_user, auth_headers) -> None:
+        ops = make_user(["marketing_ops"])
+        ops["headers"] = auth_headers(ops)
+        assert client.get(_APPROVALS, headers=ops["headers"]).status_code == 403
+
+    def test_财务与领导可见(self, client: TestClient, make_user, auth_headers) -> None:
+        for code in ("finance", "leader"):
+            user = make_user([code])
+            user["headers"] = auth_headers(user)
+            assert client.get(_APPROVALS, headers=user["headers"]).status_code == 200

backend/tests/integration/test_audit_retry.py

@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+"""单据编号唯一键冲突重试的行为锁定（audit 上下文内循环重试）。
+
+守：1062 兜底重试若以「吞异常后 return 重入整个 create_*」实现，会产生
+三重缺陷 —— 外层审计把已回滚的首次尝试记成 success=True（假成功，与
+audit_service.py「上下文内不得吞掉异常后正常退出」的约定相反）、重试再
+开一层审计（违反「不支持嵌套」）、持续冲突时递归至 RecursionError。
+修复口径：审计上下文内 for 循环重试（上限 _NO_RETRY），成功/最终失败
+各恰好一条操作日志（以 POST 前的日志条数为基线断言增量）。
+
+制造冲突的手段：monkeypatch ``business_service._generate_no`` 首次返回
+库内已存在编号 → flush 撞唯一键 → 走重试分支。审计按 username 冗余溯
+源（账号删除后 user_id 被 SET NULL），断言以基线增量免受既有数据干扰。
+"""
+
+import uuid
+
+import pytest
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+from sqlalchemy import func, select
+
+from app.core.constants import ACTION_CREATE, MODULE_BUSINESS
+from app.core.db import get_session_factory
+from app.main import app
+from app.models import OperationLog
+from app.services import business_service
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.integration
+
+_BUSINESSES = "/api/v1/business/businesses"
+_CUSTOMERS = "/api/v1/base/customers"
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def quiet_client():
+    """持续冲突用例依赖全局异常处理器产出 500 信封。
+
+    TestClient 默认对 ServerErrorMiddleware 的响应直接 re-raise
+    （raise_server_exceptions=True），会掩盖「原子处理器已正确收敛 500」
+    的行为本身 —— 审计断言反而无从谈起。
+    """
+    return TestClient(app, raise_server_exceptions=False)
+
+
+def _customer(client: TestClient, headers: dict) -> int:
+    resp = client.post(
+        _CUSTOMERS,
+        json={
+            "company_name": f"t_retry公司_{uuid.uuid4().hex[:8]}",
+            "owner_name": "张老板",
+            "customer_type": "personal",
+        },
+        headers=headers,
+    )
+    assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+    return int(resp.json()["data"]["id"])
+
+
+def _business_payload(customer_id: int) -> dict:
+    return {
+        "customer_id": customer_id,
+        "business_date": "2026-01-01",
+        "items": [
+            {
+                "product_name": f"t_产品_{uuid.uuid4().hex[:8]}",
+                "product_category": "municipal_water",
+                "quantity": "1.00",
+                "sale_price": "10.00",
+            }
+        ],
+    }
+
+
+def _log_count(username: str, *, success: bool) -> int:
+    """按操作人统计「创建业务」操作日志条数（日志按 username 冗余追溯）。"""
+    factory = get_session_factory()
+    with factory() as session:
+        stmt = (
+            select(func.count())
+            .select_from(OperationLog)
+            .where(
+                OperationLog.username == username,
+                OperationLog.module == MODULE_BUSINESS,
+                OperationLog.action == ACTION_CREATE,
+                OperationLog.summary.like("创建业务%"),
+                OperationLog.success == int(success),
+            )
+        )
+        return int(session.execute(stmt).scalar_one())
+
+
+def _baseline(normal: dict) -> tuple[int, int]:
+    """POST 前的「创建业务」成功/失败日志条数基线（免受既有数据干扰）。"""
+    return (
+        _log_count(normal["username"], success=True),
+        _log_count(normal["username"], success=False),
+    )
+
+
+class TestAuditRetry:
+    """重试成功与持续失败两条路径的审计记录数。"""
+
+    def test_首次撞号重试成功_审计恰一条真成功(
+        self, quiet_client: TestClient, normal: dict, monkeypatch
+    ) -> None:
+        client = quiet_client
+        customer_id = _customer(client, normal["headers"])
+        first = client.post(
+            _BUSINESSES, json=_business_payload(customer_id), headers=normal["headers"]
+        )
+        assert first.status_code == 200, first.text
+        existing_no = first.json()["data"]["business_no"]
+
+        real_generate = business_service._generate_no
+        calls = {"n": 0}
+
+        def flaky_generate(session):
+            calls["n"] += 1
+            if calls["n"] == 1:
+                return existing_no  # 首次返回库内已存在编号 → flush 撞 1062
+            return real_generate(session)
+
+        monkeypatch.setattr(business_service, "_generate_no", flaky_generate)
+        base_ok, base_fail = _baseline(normal)
+
+        second = client.post(
+            _BUSINESSES, json=_business_payload(customer_id), headers=normal["headers"]
+        )
+        assert second.status_code == 200, second.text
+        assert calls["n"] == 2, "重试应恰好再取一次号"
+        # 修复前的症状：外层审计正常退出记 success=True（假成功），重试成功
+        # 又记一条 —— 成功日志增量为 2；修复后成功恰 +1、失败 +0
+        assert _log_count(normal["username"], success=True) == base_ok + 1
+        assert _log_count(normal["username"], success=False) == base_fail
+
+    def test_持续冲突_最终失败且审计恰一条失败(
+        self, quiet_client: TestClient, normal: dict, monkeypatch
+    ) -> None:
+        client = quiet_client
+        customer_id = _customer(client, normal["headers"])
+        first = client.post(
+            _BUSINESSES, json=_business_payload(customer_id), headers=normal["headers"]
+        )
+        assert first.status_code == 200, first.text
+        existing_no = first.json()["data"]["business_no"]
+
+        def always_conflict(session):
+            return existing_no
+
+        monkeypatch.setattr(business_service, "_generate_no", always_conflict)
+        base_ok, base_fail = _baseline(normal)
+
+        second = client.post(
+            _BUSINESSES, json=_business_payload(customer_id), headers=normal["headers"]
+        )
+        # 未捕获 IntegrityError 由全局 handler 收敛 400（数据完整性冲突）——
+        # 完整性冲突对用户是「操作被拒绝」而非「服务端异常」，400 更贴近事实
+        assert second.status_code == 400, second.text
+        assert "完整性冲突" in second.json()["message"]
+        # 修复前的症状:return _retry_create 无界递归直至 RecursionError,
+        # 每层各写一条记录；修复后重试有上限,最终失败仅一条失败日志
+        assert _log_count(normal["username"], success=False) == base_fail + 1
+        assert _log_count(normal["username"], success=True) == base_ok

backend/tests/integration/test_business_roles.py

@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+"""岗位角色管理接口集成测试（需要 MySQL 与 Redis）。
+
+守的是岗位管理的保护规则与模板绑定 —— 内置岗位被删停会让参数维度值
+失效、核算模板断锚；模板编码不校验会让核算引擎取不到公式。
+
+运行前置：``docker compose -f docker/docker-compose.dev.yml up -d``
+"""
+
+import uuid
+
+import pytest
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+from app.core.constants import ROLE_USER
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.integration
+
+_ROLES = "/api/v1/system/business-roles"
+_TEMPLATES = "/api/v1/system/business-roles/meta/templates"
+
+
+def _new_code() -> str:
+    return f"t_br_{uuid.uuid4().hex[:6]}"
+
+
+class TestCrudFlow:
+    """正向链路：建 → 查（列表 + 模板下拉）→ 改 → 删。"""
+
+    def test_新增自定义岗位并联动列表(self, client: TestClient, admin: dict) -> None:
+        code = _new_code()
+        resp = client.post(
+            _ROLES,
+            json={
+                "role_code": code,
+                "role_name": "集成测试岗位",
+                "calc_template": "TPL_SALESPERSON_DECAY",
+                "description": "集成测试",
+                "sort_order": 50,
+            },
+            headers=admin["headers"],
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+        body = resp.json()["data"]
+        assert body["role_code"] == code
+        assert body["is_builtin"] == 0
+        assert body["status"] == 1
+
+        listed = client.get(_ROLES, params={"keyword": code}, headers=admin["headers"])
+        assert any(r["role_code"] == code for r in listed.json()["data"]["list"])
+
+        # 清理
+        assert client.delete(f"{_ROLES}/{body['id']}", headers=admin["headers"]).status_code == 200
+
+    def test_重复编码拒绝(self, client: TestClient, admin: dict) -> None:
+        code = _new_code()
+        payload = {
+            "role_code": code,
+            "role_name": "首个",
+            "calc_template": "TPL_SALESPERSON_DECAY",
+        }
+        assert client.post(_ROLES, json=payload, headers=admin["headers"]).status_code == 200
+        dup = client.post(_ROLES, json=payload, headers=admin["headers"])
+        assert dup.status_code == 400
+        assert "已存在" in dup.json()["message"]
+        client.delete(
+            f"{_ROLES}/{client.get(_ROLES, params={'keyword': code}, headers=admin['headers']).json()['data']['list'][0]['id']}",
+            headers=admin["headers"],
+        )
+
+    def test_模板编码非法拒绝(self, client: TestClient, admin: dict) -> None:
+        resp = client.post(
+            _ROLES,
+            json={
+                "role_code": _new_code(),
+                "role_name": "坏模板岗位",
+                "calc_template": "TPL_NOT_EXIST",
+            },
+            headers=admin["headers"],
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 400
+
+    def test_编辑岗位换模板生效(self, client: TestClient, admin: dict) -> None:
+        code = _new_code()
+        created = client.post(
+            _ROLES,
+            json={
+                "role_code": code,
+                "role_name": "待改岗位",
+                "calc_template": "TPL_SALESPERSON_DECAY",
+            },
+            headers=admin["headers"],
+        ).json()["data"]
+        updated = client.put(
+            f"{_ROLES}/{created['id']}",
+            json={
+                "role_name": "已改岗位",
+                "calc_template": "TPL_ENTERPRISE_FIXED",
+                "sort_order": 7,
+            },
+            headers=admin["headers"],
+        )
+        assert updated.status_code == 200
+        body = updated.json()["data"]
+        assert body["role_name"] == "已改岗位"
+        assert body["calc_template"] == "TPL_ENTERPRISE_FIXED"
+        assert body["role_code"] == code  # 编码不变
+        client.delete(f"{_ROLES}/{created['id']}", headers=admin["headers"])
+
+    def test_模板下拉含五个模板且声明参数已注册(self, client: TestClient, admin: dict) -> None:
+        options = client.get(_TEMPLATES, headers=admin["headers"]).json()["data"]
+        assert len(options) == 5
+        for tpl in options:
+            assert tpl["params"], f"{tpl['code']} 未声明参数"
+
+
+class TestBuiltinProtection:
+    """内置岗位（种子 3 个）禁删禁停 —— 参数维度与模板按编码锚定。"""
+
+    def test_停用内置岗位_403(self, client: TestClient, admin: dict) -> None:
+        rows = client.get(
+            _ROLES, params={"keyword": "salesperson"}, headers=admin["headers"]
+        ).json()["data"]["list"]
+        target = next(r for r in rows if r["role_code"] == "salesperson" and r["is_builtin"] == 1)
+        resp = client.put(
+            f"{_ROLES}/{target['id']}/status", json={"status": 0}, headers=admin["headers"]
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 403
+
+    def test_删除内置岗位_403(self, client: TestClient, admin: dict) -> None:
+        rows = client.get(
+            _ROLES, params={"keyword": "sales_manager"}, headers=admin["headers"]
+        ).json()["data"]["list"]
+        target = next(r for r in rows if r["role_code"] == "sales_manager")
+        resp = client.delete(f"{_ROLES}/{target['id']}", headers=admin["headers"])
+        assert resp.status_code == 403
+
+    def test_种子内置岗位三个且不可删标记正确(self, client: TestClient, admin: dict) -> None:
+        rows = client.get(_ROLES, params={"pageSize": 50}, headers=admin["headers"]).json()["data"][
+            "list"
+        ]
+        builtins = [r for r in rows if r["is_builtin"] == 1]
+        assert {r["role_code"] for r in builtins} == {
+            "salesperson",
+            "sales_manager",
+            "info_officer",
+        }
+
+
+class TestPermission:
+    """权限：普通用户全部 403（当前默认管理员专用）。"""
+
+    def test_普通用户访问岗位列表_403(self, client: TestClient, make_user, auth_headers) -> None:
+        user = make_user([ROLE_USER])
+        headers = auth_headers(user)
+        assert client.get(_ROLES, headers=headers).status_code == 403

backend/tests/integration/test_businesses.py

@@ -0,0 +1,861 @@
+"""业务管理接口集成测试（需要 MySQL 与 Redis）。
+
+守的是业务单的五处汇总冗余一致性与状态机/归属留痕 —— 明细/发货/回款任何
+写路径漏算汇总，业务行的 total_* 就会与源数据漂移，M3 起付判定直接读冗余
+列，漂移就是算错钱；状态留痕的「变更前状态」若取到赋值后的值（old==new
+失真）或归属变更拆成「主表已换、留痕缺失」，事后追溯无据；编辑端点若能
+改归属，就绕过留痕产生「改了归属却无留痕」的旁路。毛利润视图为只读派生
+值，断言锁定金标准口径（销售额 0 防除零、成本缺失行不进类别汇总）。
+
+运行前置：``docker compose -f docker/docker-compose.dev.yml up -d``
+
+数据卫生：人员/公司/产品名一律 ``t_`` 前缀由 conftest 兜底清理；业务/
+发货/回款编号系统生成（YW/SH/HK 前缀），conftest 按编号前缀全量清；
+删除语义的用例自验 DELETE 端点。
+"""
+
+import re
+import uuid
+from datetime import date
+from decimal import Decimal
+
+import pytest
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+from sqlalchemy import delete, select
+
+from app.core.constants import (
+    ACTION_CREATE,
+    BUSINESS_ROLE_SALESPERSON,
+    MODULE_BUSINESS,
+    PRODUCT_CATEGORY_MUNICIPAL_WATER,
+    PRODUCT_CATEGORY_RAIL_TRANSIT,
+)
+from app.core.db import get_session_factory
+from app.models import (
+    Business,
+    BusinessItem,
+    BusinessRole,
+    OperationLog,
+    OwnershipChangeLog,
+    ParamChangeBatch,
+    ParamValue,
+)
+from app.models.business import BUSINESS_STATUS_ACTIVE
+from app.models.customer import OWNER_TYPE_BUSINESS
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.integration
+
+_BUSINESSES = "/api/v1/business/businesses"
+_PERSONNEL = "/api/v1/base/personnel"
+_CUSTOMERS = "/api/v1/base/customers"
+_PARAMS = "/api/v1/system/params"
+
+
+def _company() -> str:
+    return f"t_公司_{uuid.uuid4().hex[:8]}"
+
+
+def _personnel(client: TestClient, headers: dict) -> dict:
+    """建一名 t_ 前缀的在职营销人员（归属变更的被引用方）。"""
+    factory = get_session_factory()
+    with factory() as session:
+        role_id = int(
+            session.execute(
+                select(BusinessRole.id).where(
+                    BusinessRole.role_code == BUSINESS_ROLE_SALESPERSON,
+                    BusinessRole.status == 1,
+                )
+            ).scalar_one()
+        )
+    resp = client.post(
+        _PERSONNEL,
+        json={
+            "personnel_name": f"t_人员_{uuid.uuid4().hex[:8]}",
+            "business_role_id": role_id,
+        },
+        headers=headers,
+    )
+    assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+    return resp.json()["data"]
+
+
+def _customer(client: TestClient, headers: dict) -> dict:
+    """建一名 t_ 前缀测试客户（业务的必选引用）。"""
+    resp = client.post(
+        _CUSTOMERS,
+        json={
+            "company_name": _company(),
+            "owner_name": "张老板",
+            "customer_type": "personal",
+            "address": "本溪市平山区",
+        },
+        headers=headers,
+    )
+    assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+    return resp.json()["data"]
+
+
+def _item(**overrides: object) -> dict:
+    """业务明细行入参（默认：数量 100 × 单价 100.00 = 销售额 10000，成本 30）。"""
+    body: dict = {
+        "product_name": f"t_产品_{uuid.uuid4().hex[:8]}",
+        "product_category": PRODUCT_CATEGORY_MUNICIPAL_WATER,
+        "quantity": "100",
+        "sale_price": "100.00",
+        "cost_amount": "30.00",
+    }
+    body.update(overrides)
+    return body
+
+
+def _payload(customer_id: int, **overrides: object) -> dict:
+    body: dict = {
+        "customer_id": customer_id,
+        "business_date": str(date.today()),
+        "items": [_item()],
+    }
+    body.update(overrides)
+    return body
+
+
+def _create(client: TestClient, headers: dict, customer_id: int, **overrides: object) -> dict:
+    resp = client.post(_BUSINESSES, json=_payload(customer_id, **overrides), headers=headers)
+    assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+    return resp.json()["data"]
+
+
+def _terminate(client: TestClient, headers: dict, business_id: int) -> None:
+    """把业务流转到已终止（终态禁写场景的造数步骤）。"""
+    resp = client.put(
+        f"{_BUSINESSES}/{business_id}/status",
+        json={"status": 3, "reason": f"t_终止_{uuid.uuid4().hex[:6]}"},
+        headers=headers,
+    )
+    assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+
+
+def _logs_of(username: str) -> list[OperationLog]:
+    """取某操作人的审计行（按 id 倒序，最新在前）。"""
+    factory = get_session_factory()
+    with factory() as session:
+        return list(
+            session.execute(
+                select(OperationLog)
+                .where(OperationLog.username == username)
+                .order_by(OperationLog.id.desc())
+            ).scalars()
+        )
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def threshold_batch(client: TestClient, admin: dict):
+    """提交「立即生效」的产品阈值参数变更批次，用例结束整批清理。
+
+    走参数接口的真实路径（system params 要求管理员）；清理按 batch_id 删
+    条目与批次头（test_param_management.track_batches 同款）。
+    """
+    created: list[int] = []
+
+    def _factory(dimension_value: str, value: str) -> dict:
+        resp = client.post(
+            f"{_PARAMS}/changes",
+            json={
+                "change_type": 1,
+                "remark": "t_毛利润阈值变更",
+                "items": [
+                    {
+                        "param_code": "product.threshold",
+                        "dimension_value": dimension_value,
+                        "value": value,
+                    }
+                ],
+            },
+            headers=admin["headers"],
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+        batch = resp.json()["data"]
+        created.append(batch["id"])
+        return batch
+
+    yield _factory
+
+    factory = get_session_factory()
+    with factory() as session:
+        if created:
+            session.execute(delete(ParamValue).where(ParamValue.batch_id.in_(created)))
+            session.execute(delete(ParamChangeBatch).where(ParamChangeBatch.id.in_(created)))
+        session.commit()
+
+
+class TestAuth:
+    """鉴权：业务数据属业务操作不要求管理员，但仍是登录后接口。"""
+
+    def test_未登录访问业务列表_401(self, client: TestClient) -> None:
+        resp = client.get(_BUSINESSES)
+        assert resp.status_code == 401, resp.text
+
+
+class TestCreate:
+    """创建：编号契约、行校验与销售额固化 —— 编号序号错乱或行金额经前端
+    传值，列表检索与 M3 取数都会错乱。"""
+
+    def test_创建业务_编号格式与当日序号递增(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        customer = _customer(client, headers)
+        first = _create(client, headers, customer["id"])
+        second = _create(client, headers, customer["id"])
+
+        # 编号格式：YW{YYYYMMDD}-{4位当日序号}（日期取当日，序号连续 +1）
+        expected_prefix = f"YW{date.today():%Y%m%d}-"
+        for no in (first["business_no"], second["business_no"]):
+            assert re.fullmatch(r"YW\d{8}-\d{4}", no), no
+            assert no.startswith(expected_prefix), (no, expected_prefix)
+        assert int(second["business_no"].rsplit("-", 1)[1]) == (
+            int(first["business_no"].rsplit("-", 1)[1]) + 1
+        ), (first["business_no"], second["business_no"])
+
+        # 回包契约：默认执行中、客户名直出
+        assert first["status"] == BUSINESS_STATUS_ACTIVE
+        assert first["customer_name"] == customer["company_name"]
+
+    def test_空明细_400(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        customer = _customer(client, normal["headers"])
+        resp = client.post(
+            _BUSINESSES, json=_payload(customer["id"], items=[]), headers=normal["headers"]
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+
+    def test_行金额乘积显式两位固化_回显与库值一致(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        """数量(2位)×单价(4位) 可产 6 位小数：显式 HALF_UP 固化，与 MySQL 的
+        DECIMAL(14,2) 舍入方向一致 —— 直写不 quantize 会被库端静默舍入，
+        创建响应（读内存值）与复查（读库值）前后显示不一致。"""
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        customer = _customer(client, headers)
+        data = _create(
+            client,
+            headers,
+            customer["id"],
+            items=[_item(quantity="1.55", sale_price="3.3333", cost_amount=None)],
+        )
+        # 1.55 × 3.3333 = 5.166615 → 5.17（HALF_UP；MySQL 同值同向）
+        item = client.get(f"{_BUSINESSES}/{data['id']}", headers=headers).json()["data"]["items"][0]
+        assert item["sale_amount"] == "5.17"
+        assert Decimal(data["total_sale_amount"]) == Decimal("5.17")
+
+        # 库值与回显一致（无「内存 5.166615 / 库里 5.17」的漂移）
+        factory = get_session_factory()
+        with factory() as session:
+            db_amount = session.execute(
+                select(BusinessItem.sale_amount).where(BusinessItem.business_id == data["id"])
+            ).scalar_one()
+        assert db_amount == Decimal("5.17")
+
+    def test_明细行数量为0_400(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        customer = _customer(client, normal["headers"])
+        resp = client.post(
+            _BUSINESSES,
+            json=_payload(customer["id"], items=[_item(quantity="0")]),
+            headers=normal["headers"],
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+        assert "数量" in resp.json()["message"], resp.text
+
+    def test_非法产品类别_400(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        """类别是折算阈值的行级锚点：脏类别取不到阈值参数。"""
+        customer = _customer(client, normal["headers"])
+        resp = client.post(
+            _BUSINESSES,
+            json=_payload(customer["id"], items=[_item(product_category="water")]),
+            headers=normal["headers"],
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+        assert "产品类别不合法" in resp.json()["message"], resp.text
+
+    def test_销售单价非数字_400(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        customer = _customer(client, normal["headers"])
+        resp = client.post(
+            _BUSINESSES,
+            json=_payload(customer["id"], items=[_item(sale_price="abc")]),
+            headers=normal["headers"],
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+        assert "须为有效数字" in resp.json()["message"], resp.text
+
+    def test_销售额由服务层固化_入参sale_amount不生效(
+        self, client: TestClient, normal: dict
+    ) -> None:
+        """schema 无 sale_amount 入参，塞了也必须被忽略 —— 行金额只能由
+        数量×单价计算，否则前端传值直接改业务销售额。"""
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        customer = _customer(client, headers)
+        item = _item(quantity="3", sale_price="12.34", sale_amount="88888.00")
+        data = _create(client, headers, customer["id"], items=[item])
+
+        detail = client.get(f"{_BUSINESSES}/{data['id']}", headers=headers).json()["data"]
+        assert Decimal(detail["items"][0]["sale_amount"]) == Decimal("37.02")
+        assert Decimal(detail["total_sale_amount"]) == Decimal("37.02")
+
+    def test_特殊业务缺说明_400(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        customer = _customer(client, normal["headers"])
+        resp = client.post(
+            _BUSINESSES,
+            json=_payload(customer["id"], is_special=1),
+            headers=normal["headers"],
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+        assert "特殊业务必须填写说明" in resp.json()["message"], resp.text
+
+    def test_特殊业务有说明创建成功_回显说明(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        customer = _customer(client, headers)
+        data = _create(client, headers, customer["id"], is_special=1, special_note="公司参与结算")
+        assert data["is_special"] == 1
+        assert data["special_note"] == "公司参与结算"
+
+
+class TestEdit:
+    """编辑：全量替换明细并单点重算汇总 —— 三处冗余（行 SUM / 业务冗余列 /
+    数据库 SUM）不一致就说明重算有旁路。"""
+
+    def test_编辑全量替换明细_三处汇总一致(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        customer = _customer(client, headers)
+        data = _create(
+            client,
+            headers,
+            customer["id"],
+            items=[
+                _item(quantity="100", sale_price="100.00", cost_amount="30.00"),
+                _item(quantity="50", sale_price="200.00", cost_amount="40.00"),
+            ],
+        )
+        before = client.get(f"{_BUSINESSES}/{data['id']}", headers=headers).json()["data"]
+        assert Decimal(before["total_sale_amount"]) == Decimal("20000")
+        assert Decimal(before["total_cost_amount"]) == Decimal("70")
+
+        updated = client.put(
+            f"{_BUSINESSES}/{data['id']}",
+            json=_payload(
+                customer["id"],
+                items=[_item(quantity="200", sale_price="50.00", cost_amount="30.00")],
+            ),
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert updated.status_code == 200, updated.text
+        assert Decimal(updated.json()["data"]["total_sale_amount"]) == Decimal("10000")
+
+        detail = client.get(f"{_BUSINESSES}/{data['id']}", headers=headers).json()["data"]
+        assert len(detail["items"]) == 1, "编辑是全量替换，旧行不得残留"
+        item_sum_sale = sum(Decimal(i["sale_amount"]) for i in detail["items"])
+        item_sum_cost = sum(Decimal(i["cost_amount"]) for i in detail["items"] if i["cost_amount"])
+        assert item_sum_sale == Decimal(detail["total_sale_amount"])
+        assert item_sum_cost == Decimal(detail["total_cost_amount"])
+
+        # 数据库侧再核一次 SUM（接口回包来自内存计算，两处同源才可靠）
+        factory = get_session_factory()
+        with factory() as session:
+            db_business = session.get(Business, data["id"])
+            db_sale = (
+                session.execute(
+                    select(BusinessItem.sale_amount).where(BusinessItem.business_id == data["id"])
+                )
+                .scalars()
+                .all()
+            )
+        assert sum(db_sale) == db_business.total_sale_amount == Decimal("10000.00")
+
+    def test_编辑端点塞owner不生效_归属唯一走ownership(
+        self, client: TestClient, normal: dict
+    ) -> None:
+        """归属刻意不出编辑端点：否则「改归属无留痕」的旁路破坏 append-only。"""
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        customer = _customer(client, headers)
+        owner = _personnel(client, headers)
+        someone = _personnel(client, headers)
+        data = _create(client, headers, customer["id"], owner_personnel_id=owner["id"])
+
+        resp = client.put(
+            f"{_BUSINESSES}/{data['id']}",
+            json=_payload(customer["id"], owner_personnel_id=someone["id"]),
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+        assert resp.json()["data"]["owner_personnel_id"] == owner["id"], resp.text
+
+        logs = client.get(f"{_BUSINESSES}/{data['id']}/ownership-logs", headers=headers).json()[
+            "data"
+        ]
+        assert logs["total"] == 0, "编辑端点改归属却无留痕"
+
+    def test_终态业务编辑_400且明细未动(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        """终态门槛与发货/回款写准入同口径：明细/汇总是 M3 核算基线，终态
+        业务禁改 —— 父单据若放行，发货/回款服务「禁写终态」的防线就被绕过。"""
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        customer = _customer(client, headers)
+        data = _create(client, headers, customer["id"])
+        _terminate(client, headers, data["id"])
+
+        resp = client.put(
+            f"{_BUSINESSES}/{data['id']}",
+            json=_payload(
+                customer["id"],
+                items=[_item(quantity="999", sale_price="999.00")],
+            ),
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+        assert "已完成或已终止" in resp.json()["message"]
+
+        # 明细与汇总未被改写（护栏：校验在 replace_items 之前生效）
+        detail = client.get(f"{_BUSINESSES}/{data['id']}", headers=headers).json()["data"]
+        assert Decimal(detail["total_sale_amount"]) == Decimal("10000")
+        assert len(detail["items"]) == 1
+        assert Decimal(detail["items"][0]["quantity"]) == Decimal("100")
+
+
+class TestStatus:
+    """状态机：终态不可逆是终态单据禁写的前提；留痕从创建首条记起。"""
+
+    def test_终止留痕_终态禁再变更(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        customer = _customer(client, headers)
+        data = _create(client, headers, customer["id"])
+
+        # 终止必填原因（schema 层校验，400）
+        no_reason = client.put(
+            f"{_BUSINESSES}/{data['id']}/status", json={"status": 3}, headers=headers
+        )
+        assert no_reason.status_code == 400, no_reason.text
+        assert "终止业务必须填写原因" in no_reason.json()["message"], no_reason.text
+
+        done = client.put(
+            f"{_BUSINESSES}/{data['id']}/status",
+            json={"status": 3, "reason": "客户取消订单"},
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert done.status_code == 200, done.text
+        assert done.json()["data"]["status"] == 3
+
+        # 终态不可再变更
+        again = client.put(
+            f"{_BUSINESSES}/{data['id']}/status",
+            json={"status": 2, "reason": "强行翻转"},
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert again.status_code == 400, again.text
+        assert "不可再变更状态" in again.json()["message"], again.text
+
+        logs = client.get(f"{_BUSINESSES}/{data['id']}/status-logs", headers=headers).json()["data"]
+        assert logs["total"] == 2, logs["total"]
+        rows = logs["list"]  # 正序：创建首条在前
+        assert (rows[0]["old_status"], rows[0]["new_status"]) == (1, 1)
+        assert (rows[1]["old_status"], rows[1]["new_status"]) == (1, 3)
+        assert rows[1]["change_reason"] == "客户取消订单"
+        assert rows[1]["operator_name"] == normal["username"]
+
+
+class TestOwnership:
+    """归属变更：主表更新 + 留痕同事务；两者全相同则属无效操作。"""
+
+    def test_归属变更_主表更新与留痕同生(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        customer = _customer(client, headers)
+        old_owner = _personnel(client, headers)
+        data = _create(client, headers, customer["id"], owner_personnel_id=old_owner["id"])
+
+        new_owner = _personnel(client, headers)
+        new_assistant = _personnel(client, headers)
+        resp = client.put(
+            f"{_BUSINESSES}/{data['id']}/ownership",
+            json={
+                "new_owner_personnel_id": new_owner["id"],
+                "new_assistant_personnel_id": new_assistant["id"],
+                "reason": "人员调动",
+            },
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+        body = resp.json()["data"]
+        assert body["owner_personnel_id"] == new_owner["id"]
+        assert body["owner_personnel_name"] == new_owner["personnel_name"]
+        assert body["assistant_personnel_id"] == new_assistant["id"]
+
+        logs = client.get(f"{_BUSINESSES}/{data['id']}/ownership-logs", headers=headers).json()[
+            "data"
+        ]
+        assert logs["total"] == 1, "首次归属变更只产生一条留痕"
+        row = logs["list"][0]
+        assert row["old_owner_personnel_id"] == old_owner["id"]
+        assert row["new_owner_personnel_id"] == new_owner["id"]
+        assert row["old_assistant_personnel_id"] is None
+        assert row["new_assistant_personnel_id"] == new_assistant["id"]
+        assert row["old_owner_name"] == old_owner["personnel_name"]
+        assert row["new_owner_name"] == new_owner["personnel_name"]
+        assert row["change_reason"] == "人员调动"
+        assert row["operator_name"] == normal["username"]
+
+        # owner_type 由 DB 固化断言（响应 DTO 不含该列；2=业务归属）
+        factory = get_session_factory()
+        with factory() as session:
+            log = session.execute(
+                select(OwnershipChangeLog).where(OwnershipChangeLog.business_id == data["id"])
+            ).scalar_one()
+        assert log.owner_type == OWNER_TYPE_BUSINESS, (
+            f"owner_type 应为业务归属(2)：{log.owner_type}"
+        )
+
+    def test_归属未变化_400(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        customer = _customer(client, headers)
+        owner = _personnel(client, headers)
+        data = _create(client, headers, customer["id"], owner_personnel_id=owner["id"])
+        resp = client.put(
+            f"{_BUSINESSES}/{data['id']}/ownership",
+            json={"new_owner_personnel_id": owner["id"], "reason": "无变化"},
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+        assert "归属未变化" in resp.json()["message"], resp.text
+
+    def test_创建时负责人员已离职_400(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        quit_owner = _personnel(client, headers)
+        off = client.put(
+            f"{_PERSONNEL}/{quit_owner['id']}/status", json={"status": 0}, headers=headers
+        )
+        assert off.status_code == 200, off.text
+        customer = _customer(client, headers)
+        resp = client.post(
+            _BUSINESSES,
+            json=_payload(customer["id"], owner_personnel_id=quit_owner["id"]),
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+        assert "负责人员不存在或已离职" in resp.json()["message"], resp.text
+
+    def test_归属端点负责人员不存在_400(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        customer = _customer(client, headers)
+        data = _create(client, headers, customer["id"])
+        resp = client.put(
+            f"{_BUSINESSES}/{data['id']}/ownership",
+            json={"new_owner_personnel_id": 999999999, "reason": "填错人"},
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+        assert "负责人员不存在或已离职" in resp.json()["message"], resp.text
+
+
+class TestCustomerProtect:
+    """客户引用保护：发货/回款单据 FK 挂在业务上，换客户或删除会让单据
+    语义断裂 —— 服务层检查是唯一防线。"""
+
+    def test_有发货或回款时换客户_400(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        customer = _customer(client, headers)
+        other = _customer(client, headers)
+        data = _create(client, headers, customer["id"])
+
+        # 有发货记录：禁换
+        ship = client.post(
+            "/api/v1/business/shipments",
+            json={
+                "business_id": data["id"],
+                "ship_date": str(date.today()),
+                "items": [_item(product_name="t_货", quantity="1", sale_price="10.00")],
+            },
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert ship.status_code == 200, ship.text
+        blocked_ship = client.put(
+            f"{_BUSINESSES}/{data['id']}",
+            json=_payload(other["id"]),
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert blocked_ship.status_code == 400, blocked_ship.text
+        assert "已有发货或回款记录" in blocked_ship.json()["message"], blocked_ship.text
+
+        # 解除发货后仍有回款：禁换（同一路径 has_docs）
+        client.delete(f"/api/v1/business/shipments/{ship.json()['data']['id']}", headers=headers)
+        receipt = client.post(
+            "/api/v1/business/receipts",
+            json={
+                "business_id": data["id"],
+                "receipt_date": str(date.today()),
+                "amount": "100.00",
+            },
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert receipt.status_code == 200, receipt.text
+        blocked_receipt = client.put(
+            f"{_BUSINESSES}/{data['id']}",
+            json=_payload(other["id"]),
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert blocked_receipt.status_code == 400, blocked_receipt.text
+        assert "已有发货或回款记录" in blocked_receipt.json()["message"], blocked_receipt.text
+
+    def test_有发货或回款禁删_400(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        customer = _customer(client, headers)
+        data = _create(client, headers, customer["id"])
+
+        ship = client.post(
+            "/api/v1/business/shipments",
+            json={
+                "business_id": data["id"],
+                "ship_date": str(date.today()),
+                "items": [_item(product_name="t_货", quantity="1", sale_price="10.00")],
+            },
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert ship.status_code == 200, ship.text
+        blocked_ship = client.delete(f"{_BUSINESSES}/{data['id']}", headers=headers)
+        assert blocked_ship.status_code == 400, blocked_ship.text
+        assert "请改为已终止而非删除" in blocked_ship.json()["message"], blocked_ship.text
+
+        # 解除发货后仍有回款：禁删（文案同一路径）
+        client.delete(f"/api/v1/business/shipments/{ship.json()['data']['id']}", headers=headers)
+        receipt = client.post(
+            "/api/v1/business/receipts",
+            json={
+                "business_id": data["id"],
+                "receipt_date": str(date.today()),
+                "amount": "100.00",
+            },
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert receipt.status_code == 200, receipt.text
+        blocked_receipt = client.delete(f"{_BUSINESSES}/{data['id']}", headers=headers)
+        assert blocked_receipt.status_code == 400, blocked_receipt.text
+        assert "请改为已终止而非删除" in blocked_receipt.json()["message"], blocked_receipt.text
+
+    def test_空业务删除成功_连带清理明细与留痕(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        customer = _customer(client, headers)
+        owner = _personnel(client, headers)
+        new_owner = _personnel(client, headers)
+        data = _create(
+            client,
+            headers,
+            customer["id"],
+            owner_personnel_id=owner["id"],
+            items=[_item(quantity="1", sale_price="5.00")],
+        )
+        # 先造一次归属留痕，删除时须连带清理（无外键固化表）
+        moved = client.put(
+            f"{_BUSINESSES}/{data['id']}/ownership",
+            json={"new_owner_personnel_id": new_owner["id"], "reason": "调动"},
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert moved.status_code == 200, moved.text
+
+        deleted = client.delete(f"{_BUSINESSES}/{data['id']}", headers=headers)
+        assert deleted.status_code == 200, deleted.text
+        assert client.get(f"{_BUSINESSES}/{data['id']}", headers=headers).status_code == 404
+
+        factory = get_session_factory()
+        with factory() as session:
+            assert session.get(Business, data["id"]) is None
+            assert (
+                session.execute(select(BusinessItem).where(BusinessItem.business_id == data["id"]))
+                .scalars()
+                .first()
+                is None
+            )
+            # 状态留痕（business_status_logs）与归属留痕（owner_type=2）均无
+            # 外键固化，删除时必须显式清
+            assert (
+                session.execute(
+                    select(OwnershipChangeLog).where(
+                        OwnershipChangeLog.business_id == data["id"],
+                        OwnershipChangeLog.owner_type == OWNER_TYPE_BUSINESS,
+                    )
+                )
+                .scalars()
+                .first()
+                is None
+            )
+
+
+class TestGrossProfit:
+    """毛利润数据视图（只读派生）：锁定金标准口径 —— 率用精确分数、
+    折算用化简式（率 0 / 销售额 0 防除零）、成本缺失行不进类别汇总。"""
+
+    def test_毛利润基准值_率与折算锁定精确分数(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        """销售 10000 / 成本 30 → 利润 9970、率 997/1000、市政阈值 30% →
+        折算 10000 ×(997/1000 − 30/100) = 6970。"""
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        customer = _customer(client, headers)
+        data = _create(
+            client,
+            headers,
+            customer["id"],
+            items=[_item(quantity="1", sale_price="10000.00", cost_amount="30.00")],
+        )
+        resp = client.get(f"{_BUSINESSES}/{data['id']}/gross-profit", headers=headers)
+        assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+        view = resp.json()["data"]
+        assert view["as_of"] == str(date.today())
+
+        row = view["rows"][0]
+        assert Decimal(row["sale_amount"]) == Decimal("10000")
+        assert Decimal(row["cost_amount"]) == Decimal("30")
+        assert Decimal(row["profit_amount"]) == Decimal("9970")
+        assert row["profit_rate"] == "997/1000", "率须精确分数串（约分后），不得截断"
+        assert row["threshold"] == "30"
+        assert Decimal(row["converted_profit"]) == Decimal("6970")
+        assert row["missing_reason"] is None
+        assert view["missing_count"] == 0
+
+        cats = view["categories"]
+        assert [c["product_category"] for c in cats] == ["municipal_water"]
+        assert Decimal(cats[0]["sale_amount"]) == Decimal("10000")
+        assert Decimal(cats[0]["profit_amount"]) == Decimal("9970")
+        assert cats[0]["profit_rate"] == "997/1000"
+        assert Decimal(cats[0]["converted_profit"]) == Decimal("6970")
+
+    def test_毛利润_销售额0_全0不抛错_防除零(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        """单价空 → 行销售额 0：率分母为 0 时必须返回 0 而非抛除零异常，
+        否则录入期（补价前）打开毛利润视图就是 500。"""
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        customer = _customer(client, headers)
+        data = _create(
+            client,
+            headers,
+            customer["id"],
+            items=[_item(quantity="5", sale_price=None, cost_amount="0.00")],
+        )
+        resp = client.get(f"{_BUSINESSES}/{data['id']}/gross-profit", headers=headers)
+        assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+        view = resp.json()["data"]
+        row = view["rows"][0]
+        assert Decimal(row["sale_amount"]) == Decimal("0")
+        assert Decimal(row["profit_amount"]) == Decimal("0")
+        assert row["profit_rate"] == "0"
+        assert Decimal(row["converted_profit"]) == Decimal("0")
+        assert view["missing_count"] == 0
+
+        cats = view["categories"]
+        assert [c["product_category"] for c in cats] == ["municipal_water"]
+        assert Decimal(cats[0]["sale_amount"]) == Decimal("0")
+        assert Decimal(cats[0]["converted_profit"]) == Decimal("0")
+
+    def test_毛利润_成本缺失行_派生为空不计入类别汇总(
+        self, client: TestClient, normal: dict
+    ) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        customer = _customer(client, headers)
+        data = _create(
+            client,
+            headers,
+            customer["id"],
+            items=[
+                _item(
+                    product_name="t_产品_市政",
+                    quantity="1",
+                    sale_price="5000.00",
+                    cost_amount="100.00",
+                ),
+                _item(
+                    product_name="t_产品_轨交",
+                    product_category=PRODUCT_CATEGORY_RAIL_TRANSIT,
+                    quantity="2",
+                    sale_price=None,
+                    cost_amount=None,
+                ),
+            ],
+        )
+        resp = client.get(f"{_BUSINESSES}/{data['id']}/gross-profit", headers=headers)
+        assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+        view = resp.json()["data"]
+        assert view["missing_count"] == 1
+
+        rows = view["rows"]
+        assert rows[1]["cost_amount"] is None
+        assert rows[1]["profit_amount"] is None
+        assert rows[1]["profit_rate"] is None
+        assert rows[1]["converted_profit"] is None
+        assert "成本缺失" in (rows[1]["missing_reason"] or ""), rows[1]
+        assert rows[1]["threshold"] == "20"
+        # 可计算行正常派生
+        assert Decimal(rows[0]["profit_amount"]) == Decimal("4900")
+        assert rows[0]["profit_rate"] == "49/50"
+
+        cats = view["categories"]
+        assert [c["product_category"] for c in cats] == ["municipal_water"], "缺失行不得进类别汇总"
+        assert Decimal(cats[0]["sale_amount"]) == Decimal("5000")
+        assert Decimal(cats[0]["cost_amount"]) == Decimal("100")
+        assert Decimal(cats[0]["profit_amount"]) == Decimal("4900")
+        assert cats[0]["profit_rate"] == "49/50"
+        assert Decimal(cats[0]["converted_profit"]) == Decimal("3400")
+
+    def test_毛利润asOf按业务日期取参数时点值_旧日期取旧值(
+        self, client: TestClient, normal: dict, threshold_batch
+    ) -> None:
+        """改参数后按旧业务日期取值必须回溯旧阈值 —— 落库即漂移的「假快照」
+        靠 asOf 回溯参数快照，M3 台账才是法定固化点。"""
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        customer = _customer(client, headers)
+        data = _create(
+            client,
+            headers,
+            customer["id"],
+            items=[_item(quantity="1", sale_price="10000.00", cost_amount="30.00")],
+        )
+        threshold_batch("municipal_water", "25")  # 立即生效（今日）
+
+        today = client.get(
+            f"{_BUSINESSES}/{data['id']}/gross-profit",
+            params={"as_of": str(date.today())},
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert today.status_code == 200, today.text
+        row_today = today.json()["data"]["rows"][0]
+        assert row_today["threshold"] == "25"
+        # 25%：10000 ×(997/1000 − 25/100) = 7470
+        assert Decimal(row_today["converted_profit"]) == Decimal("7470")
+
+        past = client.get(
+            f"{_BUSINESSES}/{data['id']}/gross-profit",
+            params={"as_of": "2026-02-17"},
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert past.status_code == 200, past.text
+        row_past = past.json()["data"]["rows"][0]
+        assert row_past["threshold"] == "30", "旧业务日期须回溯变更前的阈值"
+        assert Decimal(row_past["converted_profit"]) == Decimal("6970")
+
+
+class TestAudit:
+    """写操作（含校验失败的）都在 operation_logs 留痕 —— 审计是验收项。"""
+
+    def test_新增业务成功留审计(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        customer = _customer(client, headers)
+        _create(client, headers, customer["id"])
+        logs = [
+            log
+            for log in _logs_of(normal["username"])
+            if log.module == MODULE_BUSINESS and log.action == ACTION_CREATE
+        ]
+        assert logs, "新增业务未留操作日志"
+        latest = logs[0]
+        assert latest.success == 1
+        assert "创建业务" in latest.summary
+
+    def test_归属人员不存在失败留审计(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        customer = _customer(client, normal["headers"])
+        resp = client.post(
+            _BUSINESSES,
+            json=_payload(customer["id"], owner_personnel_id=999999999),
+            headers=normal["headers"],
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+        failed = [
+            log
+            for log in _logs_of(normal["username"])
+            if log.module == MODULE_BUSINESS and log.success == 0
+        ]
+        assert failed, "失败操作未留痕"
+        assert "负责人员不存在或已离职" in (failed[0].error_message or ""), failed[0]

backend/tests/integration/test_customers.py

@@ -0,0 +1,378 @@
+"""客户管理接口集成测试（需要 MySQL 与 Redis）。
+
+守的是客户归属的一致性 —— 归属变更必须「主表更新 + 留痕新增」同事务
+完成，拆开就会出现「主表已换人、留痕缺失」的静默不一致，事后追溯无据；
+编辑端点若能触归属，就会出现「改了归属却无留痕」的旁路，破坏留痕的
+append-only 完整性；「公司名称+负责人」组合唯一缺失会放行重复客户。
+
+运行前置：``docker compose -f docker/docker-compose.dev.yml up -d``
+
+数据卫生：公司名与归属人员姓名一律 ``t_`` 前缀，由 conftest 兜底清理。
+"""
+
+import uuid
+
+import pytest
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+from sqlalchemy import select
+
+from app.core.constants import (
+    ACTION_CREATE,
+    BUSINESS_ROLE_SALESPERSON,
+    CUSTOMER_TYPE_ENTERPRISE,
+    CUSTOMER_TYPE_PERSONAL,
+    MODULE_CUSTOMER,
+    PRODUCT_CATEGORY_MUNICIPAL_WATER,
+)
+from app.core.db import get_session_factory
+from app.models import BusinessRole, OperationLog, OwnershipChangeLog
+from app.models.customer import OWNER_TYPE_CUSTOMER
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.integration
+
+_PERSONNEL = "/api/v1/base/personnel"
+_CUSTOMERS = "/api/v1/base/customers"
+_BUSINESSES = "/api/v1/business/businesses"
+
+
+def _company() -> str:
+    return f"t_公司_{uuid.uuid4().hex[:8]}"
+
+
+def _role_id() -> int:
+    """种子岗位（营销员）：归属人员的合法岗位引用。"""
+    factory = get_session_factory()
+    with factory() as session:
+        return int(
+            session.execute(
+                select(BusinessRole.id).where(
+                    BusinessRole.role_code == BUSINESS_ROLE_SALESPERSON,
+                    BusinessRole.status == 1,
+                )
+            ).scalar_one()
+        )
+
+
+def _personnel(client: TestClient, headers: dict) -> dict:
+    """建一名 t_ 前缀的在职营销人员（归属变更的被引用方）。"""
+    resp = client.post(
+        _PERSONNEL,
+        json={
+            "personnel_name": f"t_人员_{uuid.uuid4().hex[:8]}",
+            "business_role_id": _role_id(),
+        },
+        headers=headers,
+    )
+    assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+    return resp.json()["data"]
+
+
+def _cpayload(company: str, **overrides: object) -> dict:
+    body: dict = {
+        "company_name": company,
+        "owner_name": "张老板",
+        "customer_type": CUSTOMER_TYPE_PERSONAL,
+        "address": "本溪市平山区",
+    }
+    body.update(overrides)
+    return body
+
+
+def _create_customer(client: TestClient, headers: dict, **overrides: object) -> dict:
+    resp = client.post(_CUSTOMERS, json=_cpayload(_company(), **overrides), headers=headers)
+    assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+    return resp.json()["data"]
+
+
+def _logs_of(username: str) -> list[OperationLog]:
+    factory = get_session_factory()
+    with factory() as session:
+        return list(
+            session.execute(
+                select(OperationLog)
+                .where(OperationLog.username == username)
+                .order_by(OperationLog.id.desc())
+            ).scalars()
+        )
+
+
+def _latest_log(customer_id: int) -> OwnershipChangeLog | None:
+    """取该客户最新一条归属留痕（按 id 倒序）。"""
+    factory = get_session_factory()
+    with factory() as session:
+        return (
+            session.execute(
+                select(OwnershipChangeLog)
+                .where(OwnershipChangeLog.customer_id == customer_id)
+                .order_by(OwnershipChangeLog.id.desc())
+            )
+            .scalars()
+            .first()
+        )
+
+
+class TestAuth:
+    """鉴权：登录后接口，裸访问一律 401。"""
+
+    def test_未登录访问客户列表_401(self, client: TestClient) -> None:
+        resp = client.get(_CUSTOMERS)
+        assert resp.status_code == 401, resp.text
+
+
+class TestCrudFlow:
+    """正向链路与组合唯一 ——「公司名称+负责人」是业务唯一标识。"""
+
+    def test_新增客户带初始归属_回显归属人员姓名(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        owner = _personnel(client, normal["headers"])
+        data = _create_customer(client, normal["headers"], owner_personnel_id=owner["id"])
+        assert data["owner_personnel_id"] == owner["id"]
+        assert data["owner_personnel_name"] == owner["personnel_name"]
+        assert data["customer_type"] == CUSTOMER_TYPE_PERSONAL
+
+    def test_同公司名不同负责人创建成功(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        company = _company()
+        first = _create_customer(client, normal["headers"], company_name=company)
+        second = client.post(
+            _CUSTOMERS,
+            json=_cpayload(company, owner_name="李老板"),
+            headers=normal["headers"],
+        )
+        assert second.status_code == 200, second.text
+        assert second.json()["data"]["id"] != first["id"]
+
+    def test_重名同负责人_400(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        company = _company()
+        _create_customer(client, normal["headers"], company_name=company)
+        dup = client.post(
+            _CUSTOMERS,
+            json=_cpayload(company, owner_name="张老板"),
+            headers=normal["headers"],
+        )
+        assert dup.status_code == 400, dup.text
+        assert "该公司名称与负责人的客户已存在" in dup.json()["message"]
+
+    def test_删除被业务引用的客户_400引导处理单据(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        """业务表就位后删除保护补齐：FK RESTRICT 不能以 500 暴露。"""
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        customer = _create_customer(client, headers)
+        resp = client.post(
+            _BUSINESSES,
+            json={
+                "customer_id": customer["id"],
+                "items": [
+                    {
+                        "product_name": "t_被引用产品",
+                        "product_category": PRODUCT_CATEGORY_MUNICIPAL_WATER,
+                        "quantity": "1",
+                        "sale_price": "1",
+                    }
+                ],
+            },
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+        blocked = client.delete(f"{_CUSTOMERS}/{customer['id']}", headers=headers)
+        assert blocked.status_code == 400, blocked.text
+        assert "已存在关联业务" in blocked.json()["message"]
+
+    def test_客户分类非法_400(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        resp = client.post(
+            _CUSTOMERS,
+            json=_cpayload(_company(), customer_type="not_a_type"),
+            headers=normal["headers"],
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+        assert "客户分类不合法" in resp.json()["message"]
+
+    def test_编辑其他字段不触归属_塞归属字段也被忽略(
+        self, client: TestClient, normal: dict
+    ) -> None:
+        """归属只有 /ownership 一条写路径 —— 编辑端点防「改归属不留痕」旁路。"""
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        owner = _personnel(client, headers)
+        stranger = _personnel(client, headers)
+        customer = _create_customer(client, headers, owner_personnel_id=owner["id"])
+
+        updated = client.put(
+            f"{_CUSTOMERS}/{customer['id']}",
+            json={
+                "company_name": customer["company_name"],
+                "owner_name": customer["owner_name"],
+                "customer_type": CUSTOMER_TYPE_ENTERPRISE,
+                "address": "沈阳市沈河区",
+                # 试图经编辑端点改归属：schema 未声明该字段，必须被忽略
+                "ownerPersonnelId": stranger["id"],
+            },
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert updated.status_code == 200, updated.text
+        body = updated.json()["data"]
+        assert body["customer_type"] == CUSTOMER_TYPE_ENTERPRISE
+        assert body["address"] == "沈阳市沈河区"
+        assert body["owner_personnel_id"] == owner["id"], "编辑端点不得改动归属"
+        assert body["owner_personnel_name"] == owner["personnel_name"]
+
+        detail = client.get(f"{_CUSTOMERS}/{customer['id']}", headers=headers)
+        assert detail.json()["data"]["owner_personnel_id"] == owner["id"]
+        assert _latest_log(int(customer["id"])) is None, "编辑不应产生归属留痕"
+
+
+class TestOwnership:
+    """归属变更：主表更新与留痕同事务；校验失败不留脏数据。"""
+
+    def test_归属变更_主表更新且留痕新增(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        old = _personnel(client, headers)
+        new = _personnel(client, headers)
+        customer = _create_customer(client, headers, owner_personnel_id=old["id"])
+
+        resp = client.put(
+            f"{_CUSTOMERS}/{customer['id']}/ownership",
+            json={"new_owner_personnel_id": new["id"], "reason": "区域调整"},
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+        body = resp.json()["data"]
+        assert body["owner_personnel_id"] == new["id"]
+        assert body["owner_personnel_name"] == new["personnel_name"]
+
+        log = _latest_log(int(customer["id"]))
+        assert log is not None, "归属变更未写留痕"
+        assert log.owner_type == OWNER_TYPE_CUSTOMER
+        assert log.customer_id == int(customer["id"])
+        assert log.old_owner_personnel_id == int(old["id"])
+        assert log.new_owner_personnel_id == int(new["id"])
+        assert log.change_reason == "区域调整"
+        assert log.operator_name == normal["username"]
+
+    def test_变更后归属人员已离职_400(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        target = _personnel(client, headers)
+        client.put(f"{_PERSONNEL}/{target['id']}/status", json={"status": 0}, headers=headers)
+        customer = _create_customer(client, headers)
+        resp = client.put(
+            f"{_CUSTOMERS}/{customer['id']}/ownership",
+            json={"new_owner_personnel_id": target["id"]},
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+        assert "归属人员不存在或已离职" in resp.json()["message"]
+        assert _latest_log(int(customer["id"])) is None, "失败变更不应留痕"
+
+    def test_新旧归属相同_400(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        owner = _personnel(client, headers)
+        customer = _create_customer(client, headers, owner_personnel_id=owner["id"])
+        resp = client.put(
+            f"{_CUSTOMERS}/{customer['id']}/ownership",
+            json={"new_owner_personnel_id": owner["id"]},
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+        assert "归属未变化" in resp.json()["message"]
+
+    def test_双方均为空_400(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        """无归属客户再清一次归属也属「未变化」——不产生空转留痕。"""
+        customer = _create_customer(client, normal["headers"])
+        resp = client.put(
+            f"{_CUSTOMERS}/{customer['id']}/ownership",
+            json={"new_owner_personnel_id": None},
+            headers=normal["headers"],
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+        assert "归属未变化" in resp.json()["message"]
+
+    def test_变更为空即清空归属_主表与留痕一致(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        owner = _personnel(client, headers)
+        customer = _create_customer(client, headers, owner_personnel_id=owner["id"])
+        resp = client.put(
+            f"{_CUSTOMERS}/{customer['id']}/ownership",
+            json={"new_owner_personnel_id": None, "reason": "暂无负责人"},
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+        body = resp.json()["data"]
+        assert body["owner_personnel_id"] is None
+        assert body["owner_personnel_name"] is None
+
+        log = _latest_log(int(customer["id"]))
+        assert log is not None
+        assert log.old_owner_personnel_id == int(owner["id"])
+        assert log.new_owner_personnel_id is None
+        assert log.change_reason == "暂无负责人"
+
+
+class TestOwnershipLogs:
+    """留痕分页：新旧归属人姓名由联表带出，倒序可追溯变更轨迹。"""
+
+    def test_留痕分页带新旧归属人姓名并倒序(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        first = _personnel(client, headers)
+        second = _personnel(client, headers)
+        customer = _create_customer(client, headers, owner_personnel_id=first["id"])
+
+        r1 = client.put(
+            f"{_CUSTOMERS}/{customer['id']}/ownership",
+            json={"new_owner_personnel_id": second["id"], "reason": "第一次调整"},
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert r1.status_code == 200, r1.text
+        r2 = client.put(
+            f"{_CUSTOMERS}/{customer['id']}/ownership",
+            json={"new_owner_personnel_id": None, "reason": "清空归属"},
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert r2.status_code == 200, r2.text
+
+        resp = client.get(f"{_CUSTOMERS}/{customer['id']}/ownership-logs", headers=headers)
+        assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+        body = resp.json()["data"]
+        assert body["total"] == 2
+        latest, earlier = body["list"][0], body["list"][1]
+        assert latest["change_reason"] == "清空归属"
+        assert latest["old_owner_personnel_id"] == int(second["id"])
+        assert latest["old_owner_name"] == second["personnel_name"]
+        assert latest["new_owner_personnel_id"] is None
+        assert latest["new_owner_name"] is None
+        assert earlier["old_owner_name"] == first["personnel_name"]
+        assert earlier["new_owner_name"] == second["personnel_name"]
+        assert earlier["new_owner_personnel_id"] == int(second["id"])
+
+
+class TestAudit:
+    """写操作（含归属变更）留痕，摘要要能定位到客户。"""
+
+    def test_新增客户留审计(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        data = _create_customer(client, normal["headers"])
+        logs = [
+            log
+            for log in _logs_of(normal["username"])
+            if log.module == MODULE_CUSTOMER and log.action == ACTION_CREATE
+        ]
+        assert logs, "新增客户未留操作日志"
+        latest = logs[0]
+        assert latest.success == 1
+        assert data["company_name"] in latest.summary
+
+    def test_归属变更审计摘要含客户名(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        old = _personnel(client, headers)
+        new = _personnel(client, headers)
+        customer = _create_customer(client, headers, owner_personnel_id=old["id"])
+        resp = client.put(
+            f"{_CUSTOMERS}/{customer['id']}/ownership",
+            json={"new_owner_personnel_id": new["id"], "reason": "区域调整"},
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+
+        logs = [
+            log
+            for log in _logs_of(normal["username"])
+            if log.module == MODULE_CUSTOMER and log.success == 1
+        ]
+        assert logs, "归属变更未留操作日志"
+        latest = logs[0]
+        assert customer["company_name"] in latest.summary, "摘要应含客户名"
+        assert "→" in latest.summary, "摘要应体现新旧归属走向"

backend/tests/integration/test_no_generator.py

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+"""单据编号生成器的跨位宽正确性（no_generator）。
+
+守：当日序号超过 4 位宽度（9999→10000）后，VARCHAR 字典序排序会失效
+（"-10000" < "-9999"，'1'<'9'）——MAX 检索若按纯字典序，seq 会恒重算出
+同一号码，每笔建单都撞唯一键。修复口径：长度优先、同级按字典序
+（同前缀下长度大即数值大；同长时字典序与数值序一致）。
+"""
+
+import pytest
+from sqlalchemy import select
+
+from app.core.constants import NO_PREFIX_BUSINESS
+from app.core.db import get_session_factory
+from app.models import Business, Customer
+from app.services.no_generator import next_no, today_prefix
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.integration
+
+
+def _insert_business_nos(nos: list[str]) -> None:
+    """直插同日前缀的业务编号行（仅编号用于 MAX 检索；其余列取默认/可空）。
+
+    直插绕过服务层（服务层走完整创建链太重），业务行为挂在 t_ 客户名下，
+    由 integration/conftest 兜底清理（YW% 单据 + t\\_% 客户）。
+    """
+    factory = get_session_factory()
+    with factory() as session:
+        customer = Customer(
+            company_name="t_no_generator_client",
+            owner_name="t_no_generator_owner",
+            customer_type="enterprise",
+        )
+        session.add(customer)
+        session.flush()
+        session.add_all(Business(business_no=no, customer_id=customer.id) for no in nos)
+        session.commit()
+
+
+class TestMaxCrossWidth:
+    """MAX 检索在同日前缀下跨位宽取最大序号。"""
+
+    def test_序号破四位宽后仍按数值取最大(self) -> None:
+        """4 位与 5 位并存："-9999" 字典序大于 "-10000"，纯字典序会取错。"""
+        prefix = today_prefix(NO_PREFIX_BUSINESS)
+        _insert_business_nos([f"{prefix}9999", f"{prefix}10000"])
+        factory = get_session_factory()
+        with factory() as session:
+            no = next_no(
+                session, model=Business, column_name="business_no", prefix=NO_PREFIX_BUSINESS
+            )
+        assert no == f"{prefix}10001"
+
+    def test_同位宽内字典序与数值序一致仍取最大(self) -> None:
+        """同宽多行（修复的排序不破坏原行为）：是长度优先而非只按长度取首行。"""
+        prefix = today_prefix(NO_PREFIX_BUSINESS)
+        _insert_business_nos([f"{prefix}0099", f"{prefix}8499", f"{prefix}8500"])
+        factory = get_session_factory()
+        with factory() as session:
+            no = next_no(
+                session, model=Business, column_name="business_no", prefix=NO_PREFIX_BUSINESS
+            )
+        assert no == f"{prefix}8501"
+
+    def test_无当日编号时从1起编(self) -> None:
+        """当日无同前缀行（昨日编号不被 like 命中）：从 0001 起，不受历史天数影响。
+
+        当日若已有其他用例留下的同前缀编号（用例间无隔离库），跳过——
+        空表场景由每次 `down -v` 重建后的首个用例覆盖。
+        """
+        prefix = today_prefix(NO_PREFIX_BUSINESS)
+        factory = get_session_factory()
+        with factory() as session:
+            existing = session.execute(
+                select(Business.id).where(Business.business_no.like(f"{prefix}%")).limit(1)
+            ).scalar()
+        if existing is not None:
+            pytest.skip(f"当日已有同前缀编号 {existing}，空表场景跳过")
+        with factory() as session:
+            no = next_no(
+                session, model=Business, column_name="business_no", prefix=NO_PREFIX_BUSINESS
+            )
+        assert no == f"{prefix}0001"

backend/tests/integration/test_param_management.py

@@ -0,0 +1,454 @@
+"""计提参数管理接口集成测试（需要 MySQL 与 Redis）。
+
+守的是参数体系的口径与留痕 —— 时点化取值错一天、同日变更取错条目、
+旧值丢失、未来值泄漏到当前快照，任何一条都会直接算错钱。
+
+关键复现（全部来自 2026-10-12 业务裁决）：
+- 企业户 2‰（2026-02-17 起）→ 3‰（2026-08-13 起）的按日回溯
+- 业务员 27 天 → 97/10000，折算 15000，绩效 145.5，可付 52.38（预览金标准）
+- 同日多次变更取最新一条；撤回未生效批次后解析回退
+
+运行前置：``docker compose -f docker/docker-compose.dev.yml up -d``
+"""
+
+import uuid
+from datetime import date, timedelta
+from fractions import Fraction
+
+import pytest
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+from sqlalchemy import delete
+
+from app.core.constants import ROLE_USER
+from app.core.db import get_session_factory
+from app.models import ParamChangeBatch, ParamValue
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.integration
+
+_PARAMS = "/api/v1/system/params"
+
+# 种子基线（与 V3 迁移一致）：断言的「预期值」均以此为准
+_SEED_PREPAY = "10"
+_SEED_START_RATIO = "60"
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def track_batches():
+    """记录测试创建的批次 id，用例结束整批清理（条目 + 批次头）。"""
+    created: list[int] = []
+
+    def _track(batch_id: int) -> None:
+        created.append(batch_id)
+
+    yield _track
+
+    factory = get_session_factory()
+    with factory() as session:
+        if created:
+            session.execute(delete(ParamValue).where(ParamValue.batch_id.in_(created)))
+            session.execute(delete(ParamChangeBatch).where(ParamChangeBatch.id.in_(created)))
+        session.commit()
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def make_role_info(client: TestClient, admin: dict):
+    """造一个信息员模板岗位（t_ 前缀），返回 role_code，用例结束删除。
+
+    信息员分支的预览需要 TPL_INFO_SALES_FIXED 模板的非内置岗位；
+    内置 info_officer 的模板即为此模板，自定义岗位用于隔离造数。
+    """
+    code = f"t_info_{uuid.uuid4().hex[:6]}"
+    resp = client.post(
+        "/api/v1/system/business-roles",
+        json={
+            "role_code": code,
+            "role_name": "集成信息员",
+            "calc_template": "TPL_INFO_SALES_FIXED",
+        },
+        headers=admin["headers"],
+    )
+    assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+    role_id = resp.json()["data"]["id"]
+    try:
+        yield code
+    finally:
+        client.delete(f"/api/v1/system/business-roles/{role_id}", headers=admin["headers"])
+
+
+def _snapshot_value(client: TestClient, admin: dict, param_code: str, *, as_of: str) -> str | None:
+    """从目录接口取某参数默认维度的当前生效值。"""
+    items = client.get(_PARAMS, params={"as_of": as_of}, headers=admin["headers"]).json()["data"]
+    match = next(item for item in items if item["param_code"] == param_code)
+    dims = [v for v in match["values"] if v["dimension_value"] == ""]
+    return dims[0]["value_text"] if dims else None
+
+
+class TestCatalog:
+    """参数目录：种子完整性与时点化回溯。"""
+
+    def test_目录共18项且覆盖八个分组(self, client: TestClient, admin: dict) -> None:
+        """V6 起含审批开关组（16 计提项 + 2 BOOL 开关）。"""
+        items = client.get(_PARAMS, headers=admin["headers"]).json()["data"]
+        assert len(items) == 18
+        groups = {item["param_group"] for item in items}
+        assert groups == {
+            "业务员个人户",
+            "经理分成",
+            "企业户",
+            "信息员",
+            "支付环节",
+            "产品阈值",
+            "月工资口径",
+            "审批开关",
+        }
+
+    def test_企业户比例按到账日回溯_2千分3千分双种子(self, client: TestClient, admin: dict) -> None:
+        before = _snapshot_value(client, admin, "enterprise.rate", as_of="2026-08-12")
+        after = _snapshot_value(client, admin, "enterprise.rate", as_of="2026-08-13")
+        assert (before, after) == ("2", "3")
+
+    def test_业务员斜率为精确分数_非截断小数(self, client: TestClient, admin: dict) -> None:
+        items = client.get(_PARAMS, headers=admin["headers"]).json()["data"]
+        slope = next(item for item in items if item["param_code"] == "salesperson.rate.slope")
+        values = [v["value_text"] for v in slope["values"]]
+        assert values == ["4/360"]  # 分数式原样存储，禁 0.011111 截断
+
+
+class TestChangeLifecycle:
+    """变更生命周期：提交 → 生效 → 同日取最新 → 撤回回退。"""
+
+    def test_立即生效_快照变化且历史含旧值(
+        self, client: TestClient, admin: dict, track_batches
+    ) -> None:
+        resp = client.post(
+            f"{_PARAMS}/changes",
+            json={
+                "change_type": 1,
+                "remark": "集成-立即生效",
+                "items": [{"param_code": "prepay.rate", "dimension_value": "", "value": "12"}],
+            },
+            headers=admin["headers"],
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+        batch = resp.json()["data"]
+        track_batches(batch["id"])
+        assert batch["item_count"] == 1
+        assert batch["version_no"].startswith("P")
+
+        value = _snapshot_value(client, admin, "prepay.rate", as_of=str(date.today()))
+        assert value == "12"
+
+        history = client.get(
+            f"{_PARAMS}/prepay.rate/history",
+            params={"pageNum": 1, "pageSize": 5},
+            headers=admin["headers"],
+        ).json()["data"]
+        assert history["total"] >= 2  # 种子 1 条 + 本次 1 条
+        assert history["list"][0]["old_value_text"] == _SEED_PREPAY
+        assert history["list"][0]["value_text"] == "12"
+
+    def test_未来生效_当前快照不泄漏_到期后生效(
+        self, client: TestClient, admin: dict, track_batches
+    ) -> None:
+        future = date.today() + timedelta(days=30)
+        resp = client.post(
+            f"{_PARAMS}/changes",
+            json={
+                "change_type": 2,
+                "effective_date": future.isoformat(),
+                "remark": "集成-未来生效",
+                "items": [
+                    {"param_code": "payment.start.ratio", "dimension_value": "", "value": "65"}
+                ],
+            },
+            headers=admin["headers"],
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 200
+        batch = resp.json()["data"]
+        track_batches(batch["id"])
+
+        today_value = _snapshot_value(client, admin, "payment.start.ratio", as_of=str(date.today()))
+        assert today_value == _SEED_START_RATIO  # 未来值不泄漏
+        future_value = _snapshot_value(
+            client, admin, "payment.start.ratio", as_of=future.isoformat()
+        )
+        assert future_value == "65"  # 到期即生效
+
+    def test_同日多次变更_取最新一条(self, client: TestClient, admin: dict, track_batches) -> None:
+        for value in ("12", "11"):
+            resp = client.post(
+                f"{_PARAMS}/changes",
+                json={
+                    "change_type": 1,
+                    "items": [{"param_code": "prepay.rate", "dimension_value": "", "value": value}],
+                },
+                headers=admin["headers"],
+            )
+            assert resp.status_code == 200
+            track_batches(resp.json()["data"]["id"])
+        value = _snapshot_value(client, admin, "prepay.rate", as_of=str(date.today()))
+        assert value == "11"
+
+    def test_撤回未生效批次_解析回退(self, client: TestClient, admin: dict, track_batches) -> None:
+        future = date.today() + timedelta(days=30)
+        batch = client.post(
+            f"{_PARAMS}/changes",
+            json={
+                "change_type": 2,
+                "effective_date": future.isoformat(),
+                "items": [{"param_code": "barter.discount", "dimension_value": "", "value": "85"}],
+            },
+            headers=admin["headers"],
+        ).json()["data"]
+        track_batches(batch["id"])
+
+        future_value = _snapshot_value(client, admin, "barter.discount", as_of=future.isoformat())
+        assert future_value == "85"
+
+        assert (
+            client.delete(f"{_PARAMS}/changes/{batch['id']}", headers=admin["headers"]).status_code
+            == 200
+        )
+        rolled_back = _snapshot_value(client, admin, "barter.discount", as_of=future.isoformat())
+        assert rolled_back == _SEED_BARTER
+
+    def test_撤回已生效批次_400(self, client: TestClient, admin: dict, track_batches) -> None:
+        batch = client.post(
+            f"{_PARAMS}/changes",
+            json={
+                "change_type": 1,
+                "items": [{"param_code": "prepay.rate", "dimension_value": "", "value": "12"}],
+            },
+            headers=admin["headers"],
+        ).json()["data"]
+        track_batches(batch["id"])
+        resp = client.delete(f"{_PARAMS}/changes/{batch['id']}", headers=admin["headers"])
+        assert resp.status_code == 400
+        assert "已生效" in resp.json()["message"]
+
+
+_SEED_BARTER = "80"
+
+
+class TestValidation:
+    """值校验：畸形值在写入前拒绝（审查重点 1）。"""
+
+    def test_超取值上限拒绝(self, client: TestClient, admin: dict) -> None:
+        resp = client.post(
+            f"{_PARAMS}/changes",
+            json={
+                "change_type": 1,
+                "items": [{"param_code": "barter.discount", "dimension_value": "", "value": "120"}],
+            },
+            headers=admin["headers"],
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 400
+
+    def test_枚举越界拒绝(self, client: TestClient, admin: dict) -> None:
+        resp = client.post(
+            f"{_PARAMS}/changes",
+            json={
+                "change_type": 1,
+                "items": [
+                    {"param_code": "payment.weight.mode", "dimension_value": "", "value": "PARTIAL"}
+                ],
+            },
+            headers=admin["headers"],
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 400
+
+    def test_除零分数拒绝(self, client: TestClient, admin: dict) -> None:
+        resp = client.post(
+            f"{_PARAMS}/changes",
+            json={
+                "change_type": 1,
+                "items": [{"param_code": "barter.discount", "dimension_value": "", "value": "1/0"}],
+            },
+            headers=admin["headers"],
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 400
+
+    def test_指定日期早于今日拒绝(self, client: TestClient, admin: dict) -> None:
+        yesterday = date.today() - timedelta(days=1)
+        resp = client.post(
+            f"{_PARAMS}/changes",
+            json={
+                "change_type": 2,
+                "effective_date": yesterday.isoformat(),
+                "items": [{"param_code": "prepay.rate", "dimension_value": "", "value": "9"}],
+            },
+            headers=admin["headers"],
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 400
+
+
+class TestPreview:
+    """计算预览：业务裁决的「金标准」数值精确复现。"""
+
+    def test_业务员27天全链路精确复现(self, client: TestClient, admin: dict) -> None:
+        payload = {
+            "business_role": "salesperson",
+            "customer_type": "personal",
+            "product_category": "municipal_water",
+            "ship_date": "2025-12-15",
+            "receipt_date": "2026-01-10",
+            "revenue": "100000",
+            "profit": "45000",
+            "received_amount": "60000",
+        }
+        data = client.post(f"{_PARAMS}/preview", json=payload, headers=admin["headers"]).json()[
+            "data"
+        ]
+        assert data["payment_days"] == 27
+        assert data["rate"] == "97/10000"  # 10‰ − 27 × 4/360‰
+        assert data["profit_rate"] == "9/20"  # 45% 不含运费
+        assert data["converted_profit"] == "15000"  # 100000 × (45% − 30%)
+        assert data["performance_amount"] == "145.5"
+        assert data["start_payment_ok"] is True
+        assert data["payment_weight_r"] == 60
+        assert data["payable_amount"] == "52.38"  # 145.5 × 60% × 60%
+
+    def test_361天分界_固定下限4千分(self, client: TestClient, admin: dict) -> None:
+        payload = {
+            "business_role": "salesperson",
+            "customer_type": "personal",
+            "product_category": "municipal_water",
+            "ship_date": "2025-01-10",
+            "receipt_date": "2026-01-10",  # 366 天 ≥ 361
+            "revenue": "100000",
+            "profit": "45000",
+            "received_amount": "100000",
+        }
+        data = client.post(f"{_PARAMS}/preview", json=payload, headers=admin["headers"]).json()[
+            "data"
+        ]
+        # Fraction 自动约分：4/1000 存储为 1/250，按数值断言
+        assert Fraction(data["rate"]) == Fraction(4, 1000)
+
+    def test_经理聚合口径_预览拒绝(self, client: TestClient, admin: dict) -> None:
+        payload = {
+            "business_role": "sales_manager",
+            "customer_type": "personal",
+            "product_category": "municipal_water",
+            "ship_date": "2026-01-01",
+            "receipt_date": "2026-02-01",
+            "revenue": "100000",
+            "profit": "45000",
+            "received_amount": "0",
+        }
+        resp = client.post(f"{_PARAMS}/preview", json=payload, headers=admin["headers"])
+        assert resp.status_code == 400
+        assert "聚合" in resp.json()["message"]
+
+    def test_回款日早于发货日_400(self, client: TestClient, admin: dict) -> None:
+        payload = {
+            "business_role": "salesperson",
+            "customer_type": "personal",
+            "product_category": "municipal_water",
+            "ship_date": "2026-01-10",
+            "receipt_date": "2026-01-01",
+            "revenue": "100000",
+            "profit": "45000",
+            "received_amount": "0",
+        }
+        assert (
+            client.post(f"{_PARAMS}/preview", json=payload, headers=admin["headers"]).status_code
+            == 400
+        )
+
+    def test_企业户_千分比换算后金额精确(self, client: TestClient, admin: dict) -> None:
+        """企业户分支：enterprise.rate 存储 "3"（3‰），须换算为 3/1000 再相乘。
+
+        修复前把存储值当纯比例直接乘，performance_amount 会放大 1000 倍
+        （15000 × 3 = 45000）；既有用例只覆盖业务员路径，缺陷因此存活。
+        """
+        payload = {
+            "customer_type": "enterprise",
+            "product_category": "municipal_water",
+            "ship_date": "2025-12-15",
+            "receipt_date": "2026-01-10",
+            "revenue": "100000",
+            "profit": "45000",
+            "received_amount": "100000",
+        }
+        data = client.post(f"{_PARAMS}/preview", json=payload, headers=admin["headers"]).json()[
+            "data"
+        ]
+        assert Fraction(data["rate"]) == Fraction(3, 1000)
+        # 折算毛利润额 15000 × 3‰ = 45（修复前误返回 45000）
+        assert Fraction(data["performance_amount"]) == Fraction(45)
+        # 全额回款 R=100 → 权重 1，可付 == 绩效
+        assert data["payment_weight_r"] == 100
+        assert Fraction(data["payable_amount"]) == Fraction(45)
+
+    def test_信息员_销售额基数乘千分比例(
+        self, client: TestClient, admin: dict, make_role_info
+    ) -> None:
+        """信息员模板：基数覆盖为本人销售额（不走折算与阈值），比例 1‰。
+
+        修复前 take("info.rate")（存储 "1"）直接当纯比例乘出本人销售额原额。
+        """
+        payload = {
+            "business_role": make_role_info,
+            "customer_type": "personal",
+            "ship_date": "2025-12-15",
+            "receipt_date": "2026-01-10",
+            "revenue": "100000",
+            "profit": "45000",
+            "received_amount": "100000",
+        }
+        data = client.post(f"{_PARAMS}/preview", json=payload, headers=admin["headers"]).json()[
+            "data"
+        ]
+        # 基数覆盖为本人销售额：converted_profit == revenue（不扣阈值）
+        assert Fraction(data["converted_profit"]) == Fraction(100000)
+        assert Fraction(data["rate"]) == Fraction(1, 1000)
+        # 100000 × 1‰ = 100
+        assert Fraction(data["performance_amount"]) == Fraction(100)
+
+    def test_提交后维度取库里规范值(self, client: TestClient, admin: dict, track_batches) -> None:
+        """岗位维度大小写归一：ci 校对下变形大小写可提交成功，但须落库规范值。
+
+        快照与注册表按精确键取值，原始大小写入库会让覆盖链静默不命中
+        （按错误参数算钱且无报错）。business_roles.role_code 唯一键的 ci
+        等价冲突由 IntegrityError 分支翻译 400 兜底。
+        """
+        resp = client.post(
+            f"{_PARAMS}/changes",
+            json={
+                "change_type": 1,
+                "items": [
+                    {"param_code": "info.rate", "dimension_value": "SALESPERSON", "value": "2"}
+                ],
+            },
+            headers=admin["headers"],
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code in (200, 400), resp.text
+        if resp.status_code == 400:
+            pytest.skip("种子岗位未命中（见断言），规范值回读由造岗位链路覆盖")
+        batch = resp.json()["data"]
+        track_batches(batch["id"])
+        detail = client.get(f"{_PARAMS}/changes/{batch['id']}", headers=admin["headers"]).json()[
+            "data"
+        ]
+        dims = [item["dimension_value"] for item in detail["items"]]
+        assert "salesperson" in dims
+        assert "SALESPERSON" not in dims
+
+
+class TestPermission:
+    """权限：普通用户全部 403。"""
+
+    def test_普通用户访问目录与提交_403(self, client: TestClient, make_user, auth_headers) -> None:
+        user = make_user([ROLE_USER])
+        headers = auth_headers(user)
+        assert client.get(_PARAMS, headers=headers).status_code == 403
+        resp = client.post(
+            f"{_PARAMS}/changes",
+            json={
+                "change_type": 1,
+                "items": [{"param_code": "prepay.rate", "dimension_value": "", "value": "9"}],
+            },
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 403

backend/tests/integration/test_personnel.py

@@ -0,0 +1,452 @@
+"""人员管理接口集成测试（需要 MySQL 与 Redis）。
+
+守的是人员档案的引用完整性 —— 岗位与直属经理是 M3 核算取公式模板与
+经理聚合展开的锚点，悬空引用或环引用会让核算取不到公式、聚合死循环；
+删除保护缺失会留下悬空的 manager_id 与客户归属，历史核算无法回溯到人；
+辐射区域与拓展计划若把「全量替换」做成了追加，编辑一次就翻倍一份脏数据。
+
+运行前置：``docker compose -f docker/docker-compose.dev.yml up -d``
+
+数据卫生：人员姓名一律 ``t_`` 前缀，由 conftest 兜底清理；仅「删除」
+语义的用例自验 DELETE 端点。
+"""
+
+import uuid
+
+import pytest
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+from sqlalchemy import select
+
+from app.core.constants import (
+    ACTION_CREATE,
+    BUSINESS_ROLE_SALESPERSON,
+    MODULE_PERSONNEL,
+)
+from app.core.db import get_session_factory
+from app.models import BusinessRole, OperationLog
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.integration
+
+_PERSONNEL = "/api/v1/base/personnel"
+_CUSTOMERS = "/api/v1/base/customers"
+_BUSINESSES = "/api/v1/business/businesses"
+
+
+def _uname() -> str:
+    return f"t_人员_{uuid.uuid4().hex[:8]}"
+
+
+def _role_id() -> int:
+    """种子岗位（营销员，内置且启用）：人员归属岗位的合法引用。"""
+    factory = get_session_factory()
+    with factory() as session:
+        return int(
+            session.execute(
+                select(BusinessRole.id).where(
+                    BusinessRole.role_code == BUSINESS_ROLE_SALESPERSON,
+                    BusinessRole.status == 1,
+                )
+            ).scalar_one()
+        )
+
+
+def _payload(name: str, **overrides: object) -> dict:
+    body: dict = {
+        "personnel_name": name,
+        "business_role_id": _role_id(),
+        "salary_standard": "3500.50",
+    }
+    body.update(overrides)
+    return body
+
+
+def _create(client: TestClient, headers: dict, **overrides: object) -> dict:
+    resp = client.post(_PERSONNEL, json=_payload(_uname(), **overrides), headers=headers)
+    assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+    return resp.json()["data"]
+
+
+def _logs_of(username: str) -> list[OperationLog]:
+    """取某操作人的审计行（按 id 倒序，最新在前）。"""
+    factory = get_session_factory()
+    with factory() as session:
+        return list(
+            session.execute(
+                select(OperationLog)
+                .where(OperationLog.username == username)
+                .order_by(OperationLog.id.desc())
+            ).scalars()
+        )
+
+
+class TestAuth:
+    """鉴权：基础数据是业务操作不要求管理员，但仍是登录后接口。"""
+
+    def test_未登录访问人员列表_401(self, client: TestClient) -> None:
+        resp = client.get(_PERSONNEL)
+        assert resp.status_code == 401, resp.text
+
+
+class TestCrudFlow:
+    """正向链路：建 → 查（列表/详情）→ 改 → 状态切换 → 删。"""
+
+    def test_新增人员默认在职且工资标准字符串直出(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        data = _create(client, normal["headers"])
+        assert data["status"] == 1, "新增人员应默认在职"
+        assert data["is_probation"] == 0
+        # 金额红线：str 进 str 出，不得经 float
+        assert data["salary_standard"] == "3500.50"
+
+        detail = client.get(f"{_PERSONNEL}/{data['id']}", headers=normal["headers"])
+        assert detail.status_code == 200, detail.text
+        body = detail.json()["data"]
+        assert body["salary_standard"] == "3500.50"
+        assert body["regions"] == []
+        assert body["plans"] == []
+
+    def test_新增人员携带直属经理_回显经理与岗位名(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        manager = _create(client, headers)
+        member = _create(client, headers, manager_id=manager["id"])
+        assert member["manager_id"] == manager["id"]
+        assert member["manager_name"] == manager["personnel_name"]
+        assert member["role_name"] == manager["role_name"]
+
+    def test_列表按姓名关键词可查到新增人员(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        data = _create(client, normal["headers"])
+        listed = client.get(
+            _PERSONNEL, params={"keyword": data["personnel_name"]}, headers=normal["headers"]
+        )
+        assert listed.status_code == 200, listed.text
+        rows = listed.json()["data"]["list"]
+        assert [r["id"] for r in rows] == [data["id"]]
+
+    def test_编辑人员全量替换生效(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        data = _create(client, normal["headers"])
+        updated = client.put(
+            f"{_PERSONNEL}/{data['id']}",
+            json=_payload(f"t_人员_改_{uuid.uuid4().hex[:6]}", phone="13900001111", is_probation=1),
+            headers=normal["headers"],
+        )
+        assert updated.status_code == 200, updated.text
+        body = updated.json()["data"]
+        assert body["phone"] == "13900001111"
+        assert body["is_probation"] == 1
+
+    def test_在职离职双向切换(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        data = _create(client, headers)
+        off = client.put(f"{_PERSONNEL}/{data['id']}/status", json={"status": 0}, headers=headers)
+        assert off.status_code == 200, off.text
+        assert off.json()["data"]["status"] == 0
+        on = client.put(f"{_PERSONNEL}/{data['id']}/status", json={"status": 1}, headers=headers)
+        assert on.status_code == 200, on.text
+        assert on.json()["data"]["status"] == 1
+
+    def test_删除无引用人员成功(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        data = _create(client, normal["headers"])
+        resp = client.delete(f"{_PERSONNEL}/{data['id']}", headers=normal["headers"])
+        assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+        detail = client.get(f"{_PERSONNEL}/{data['id']}", headers=normal["headers"])
+        assert detail.status_code == 404
+        assert "人员不存在" in detail.json()["message"]
+
+
+class TestRefRules:
+    """岗位/经理引用校验 —— 核算锚点不悬空、不环引用。"""
+
+    def test_编辑时直属经理是自己_400(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        data = _create(client, normal["headers"])
+        resp = client.put(
+            f"{_PERSONNEL}/{data['id']}",
+            json=_payload(data["personnel_name"], manager_id=data["id"]),
+            headers=normal["headers"],
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+        assert "直属经理不能是自己" in resp.json()["message"]
+
+    def test_直属经理不存在_400(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        resp = client.post(
+            _PERSONNEL,
+            json=_payload(_uname(), manager_id=999999999),
+            headers=normal["headers"],
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+        assert "直属经理不存在或已离职" in resp.json()["message"]
+
+    def test_直属经理已离职_400(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        manager = _create(client, headers)
+        quit_resp = client.put(
+            f"{_PERSONNEL}/{manager['id']}/status", json={"status": 0}, headers=headers
+        )
+        assert quit_resp.status_code == 200, quit_resp.text
+        resp = client.post(
+            _PERSONNEL,
+            json=_payload(_uname(), manager_id=manager["id"]),
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+        assert "直属经理不存在或已离职" in resp.json()["message"]
+
+    def test_岗位不存在_400(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        resp = client.post(
+            _PERSONNEL,
+            json=_payload(_uname(), business_role_id=999999999),
+            headers=normal["headers"],
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+        assert "岗位不存在或已停用" in resp.json()["message"]
+
+    def test_岗位已停用_400(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        """停用岗位不能挂人：岗位决定计提模板，挂上去核算会取不到公式。"""
+        code = f"t_br_{uuid.uuid4().hex[:8]}"
+        factory = get_session_factory()
+        with factory() as session:
+            session.add(
+                BusinessRole(
+                    role_code=code,
+                    role_name="已停用测试岗位",
+                    calc_template="TPL_SALESPERSON_DECAY",
+                    status=0,
+                )
+            )
+            session.commit()
+            role_id = int(
+                session.execute(
+                    select(BusinessRole.id).where(BusinessRole.role_code == code)
+                ).scalar_one()
+            )
+        resp = client.post(
+            _PERSONNEL,
+            json=_payload(_uname(), business_role_id=role_id),
+            headers=normal["headers"],
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+        assert "岗位不存在或已停用" in resp.json()["message"]
+
+
+class TestDeleteProtection:
+    """删除保护：被团队成员/客户归属引用的人员禁删 —— 历史要能回溯到人。"""
+
+    def test_被团队成员引用禁删_解除后可删(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        manager = _create(client, headers)
+        member = _create(client, headers, manager_id=manager["id"])  # 团队成员占用
+        blocked = client.delete(f"{_PERSONNEL}/{manager['id']}", headers=headers)
+        assert blocked.status_code == 400, blocked.text
+        assert (
+            "存在团队成员、客户归属或业务归属引用，请改为离职而非删除" in blocked.json()["message"]
+        )
+
+        client.delete(f"{_PERSONNEL}/{member['id']}", headers=headers)
+        freed = client.delete(f"{_PERSONNEL}/{manager['id']}", headers=headers)
+        assert freed.status_code == 200, freed.text
+
+    def test_被客户归属引用禁删_离职不放宽_解除后可删(
+        self, client: TestClient, normal: dict
+    ) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        owner = _create(client, headers)
+        created = client.post(
+            _CUSTOMERS,
+            json={
+                "company_name": f"t_公司_{uuid.uuid4().hex[:8]}",
+                "owner_name": "张老板",
+                "customer_type": "personal",
+                "owner_personnel_id": owner["id"],
+            },
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert created.status_code == 200, created.text
+        customer = created.json()["data"]
+
+        blocked = client.delete(f"{_PERSONNEL}/{owner['id']}", headers=headers)
+        assert blocked.status_code == 400, blocked.text
+        assert (
+            "存在团队成员、客户归属或业务归属引用，请改为离职而非删除" in blocked.json()["message"]
+        )
+
+        # 保护与在职状态无关：离职并不能让物理删除放行
+        client.put(f"{_PERSONNEL}/{owner['id']}/status", json={"status": 0}, headers=headers)
+        still = client.delete(f"{_PERSONNEL}/{owner['id']}", headers=headers)
+        assert still.status_code == 400, still.text
+
+        # 删客户解除引用后方可删人
+        assert client.delete(f"{_CUSTOMERS}/{customer['id']}", headers=headers).status_code == 200
+        freed = client.delete(f"{_PERSONNEL}/{owner['id']}", headers=headers)
+        assert freed.status_code == 200, freed.text
+
+    def test_被业务归属引用禁删_负责或协助任一即拦(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        """业务表就位后删除保护补齐：负责/协助引用任一即拦，FK 不以 500 暴露。"""
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        owner = _create(client, headers)
+        assistant = _create(client, headers)
+        resp_customer = client.post(
+            _CUSTOMERS,
+            json={
+                "company_name": f"t_公司_{uuid.uuid4().hex[:8]}",
+                "owner_name": "张老板",
+                "customer_type": "personal",
+            },
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert resp_customer.status_code == 200, resp_customer.text
+        customer_id = resp_customer.json()["data"]["id"]
+        resp = client.post(
+            _BUSINESSES,
+            json={
+                "customer_id": customer_id,
+                "owner_personnel_id": owner["id"],
+                "assistant_personnel_id": assistant["id"],
+                "items": [
+                    {
+                        "product_name": "t_引用产品",
+                        "product_category": "municipal_water",
+                        "quantity": "1",
+                        "sale_price": "1",
+                    }
+                ],
+            },
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+
+        for target, label in ((owner, "负责"), (assistant, "协助")):
+            blocked = client.delete(f"{_PERSONNEL}/{target['id']}", headers=headers)
+            assert blocked.status_code == 400, blocked.text
+            assert "业务归属" in blocked.json()["message"], f"{label}引用未拦截"
+
+        # 删除业务解除引用后，人员方可删除（owner 仍被客户归属引用，先删客户）
+        business_id = resp.json()["data"]["id"]
+        assert client.delete(f"{_BUSINESSES}/{business_id}", headers=headers).status_code == 200
+        assert client.delete(f"{_CUSTOMERS}/{customer_id}", headers=headers).status_code == 200
+        assert client.delete(f"{_PERSONNEL}/{owner['id']}", headers=headers).status_code == 200
+
+
+class TestSubTableReplace:
+    """辐射区域/拓展计划为全量替换语义 —— 做成追加会让编辑翻倍脏数据。"""
+
+    def test_辐射区域设置后详情回显一致_再次替换生效(
+        self, client: TestClient, normal: dict
+    ) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        data = _create(client, headers)
+        resp = client.put(
+            f"{_PERSONNEL}/{data['id']}/regions",
+            json={
+                "items": [
+                    {"region_name": "本溪市平山区", "remark": "核心区域"},
+                    {"region_name": "本溪市溪湖区"},
+                ]
+            },
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+        detail = client.get(f"{_PERSONNEL}/{data['id']}", headers=headers).json()["data"]
+        assert [r["region_name"] for r in detail["regions"]] == ["本溪市平山区", "本溪市溪湖区"]
+        assert detail["regions"][0]["remark"] == "核心区域"
+
+        # 再替换为 1 条：是覆盖而非追加
+        resp2 = client.put(
+            f"{_PERSONNEL}/{data['id']}/regions",
+            json={"items": [{"region_name": "沈阳市沈河区"}]},
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert resp2.status_code == 200, resp2.text
+        detail2 = client.get(f"{_PERSONNEL}/{data['id']}", headers=headers).json()["data"]
+        assert [r["region_name"] for r in detail2["regions"]] == ["沈阳市沈河区"]
+
+    def test_辐射区域替换为空列表即清空(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        data = _create(client, headers)
+        client.put(
+            f"{_PERSONNEL}/{data['id']}/regions",
+            json={"items": [{"region_name": "本溪市平山区"}]},
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        cleared = client.put(
+            f"{_PERSONNEL}/{data['id']}/regions", json={"items": []}, headers=headers
+        )
+        assert cleared.status_code == 200, cleared.text
+        detail = client.get(f"{_PERSONNEL}/{data['id']}", headers=headers).json()["data"]
+        assert detail["regions"] == []
+
+    def test_拓展计划设置后详情回显一致_再次替换生效(
+        self, client: TestClient, normal: dict
+    ) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        data = _create(client, headers)
+        resp = client.put(
+            f"{_PERSONNEL}/{data['id']}/plans",
+            json={
+                "items": [
+                    {
+                        "plan_period": "2026Q1",
+                        "plan_content": "拓展本溪市政客户",
+                        "target_desc": "新增3户",
+                    },
+                    {"plan_period": "2026Q2", "plan_content": "维护存量客户"},
+                ]
+            },
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+        detail = client.get(f"{_PERSONNEL}/{data['id']}", headers=headers).json()["data"]
+        assert [p["plan_period"] for p in detail["plans"]] == ["2026Q1", "2026Q2"]
+        assert detail["plans"][0]["target_desc"] == "新增3户"
+
+        resp2 = client.put(
+            f"{_PERSONNEL}/{data['id']}/plans",
+            json={"items": [{"plan_period": "2026Q3", "plan_content": "开拓轨交市场"}]},
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert resp2.status_code == 200, resp2.text
+        detail2 = client.get(f"{_PERSONNEL}/{data['id']}", headers=headers).json()["data"]
+        assert [p["plan_period"] for p in detail2["plans"]] == ["2026Q3"]
+
+    def test_拓展计划替换为空列表即清空(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        data = _create(client, headers)
+        client.put(
+            f"{_PERSONNEL}/{data['id']}/plans",
+            json={"items": [{"plan_period": "2026Q1", "plan_content": "拓展本溪市政客户"}]},
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        cleared = client.put(
+            f"{_PERSONNEL}/{data['id']}/plans", json={"items": []}, headers=headers
+        )
+        assert cleared.status_code == 200, cleared.text
+        detail = client.get(f"{_PERSONNEL}/{data['id']}", headers=headers).json()["data"]
+        assert detail["plans"] == []
+
+
+class TestAudit:
+    """写操作（含校验失败的）都在 operation_logs 留痕 —— 审计是验收项。"""
+
+    def test_新增人员成功留审计(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        data = _create(client, normal["headers"])
+        logs = [
+            log
+            for log in _logs_of(normal["username"])
+            if log.module == MODULE_PERSONNEL and log.action == ACTION_CREATE
+        ]
+        assert logs, "新增人员未留操作日志"
+        latest = logs[0]
+        assert latest.success == 1
+        assert data["personnel_name"] in latest.summary
+
+    def test_校验失败也留审计(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        resp = client.post(
+            _PERSONNEL,
+            json=_payload(_uname(), manager_id=999999999),
+            headers=normal["headers"],
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+        failed = [
+            log
+            for log in _logs_of(normal["username"])
+            if log.module == MODULE_PERSONNEL and log.success == 0
+        ]
+        assert failed, "失败操作未留痕"
+        assert "直属经理不存在或已离职" in (failed[0].error_message or "")

backend/tests/integration/test_products.py

@@ -0,0 +1,334 @@
+"""产品管理接口集成测试（需要 MySQL 与 Redis）。
+
+守的是产品主数据的两条硬约束 —— product_category 是折算阈值的行级锚点，
+脏类别会让核算按类别回溯参数取不到阈值；「名称+规格」组合唯一缺失会
+放行重复产品，业务数据不知道该挂在哪一条上。数量/单价以字符串进出，
+断言同时验证 str 直出（金额红线：不经 float）。
+
+运行前置：``docker compose -f docker/docker-compose.dev.yml up -d``
+
+数据卫生：产品名一律 ``t_`` 前缀，由 conftest 兜底清理；删除语义用例
+自验 DELETE 端点。
+"""
+
+import uuid
+from decimal import Decimal
+
+import pytest
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+from sqlalchemy import select
+
+from app.core.constants import (
+    ACTION_CREATE,
+    MODULE_PRODUCT,
+    PRODUCT_CATEGORY_MUNICIPAL_WATER,
+    PRODUCT_CATEGORY_RAIL_TRANSIT,
+)
+from app.core.db import get_session_factory
+from app.models import OperationLog
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.integration
+
+_PRODUCTS = "/api/v1/base/products"
+_CUSTOMERS = "/api/v1/base/customers"
+_BUSINESSES = "/api/v1/business/businesses"
+
+
+def _pname() -> str:
+    return f"t_产品_{uuid.uuid4().hex[:8]}"
+
+
+def _payload(name: str, **overrides: object) -> dict:
+    body: dict = {
+        "product_name": name,
+        "spec_model": "DN100",
+        "unit": "台",
+        "stock_quantity": "100",
+        "sale_price": "12.5",
+        "product_category": PRODUCT_CATEGORY_MUNICIPAL_WATER,
+    }
+    body.update(overrides)
+    return body
+
+
+def _create(client: TestClient, headers: dict, **overrides: object) -> dict:
+    resp = client.post(_PRODUCTS, json=_payload(_pname(), **overrides), headers=headers)
+    assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+    return resp.json()["data"]
+
+
+def _logs_of(username: str) -> list[OperationLog]:
+    factory = get_session_factory()
+    with factory() as session:
+        return list(
+            session.execute(
+                select(OperationLog)
+                .where(OperationLog.username == username)
+                .order_by(OperationLog.id.desc())
+            ).scalars()
+        )
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def make_business_for_product(client: TestClient):
+    """造「客户 → 业务 → 明细挂指定产品」的最小引用链（删除保护场景）。
+
+    business_items.product_id 是 RESTRICT 外键，产品删除保护以此为引用源；
+    客户/业务均按 t_ 前缀与系统编号由 conftest 兜底清理。
+    """
+
+    def _factory(headers: dict, product_id: int) -> dict:
+        customer = client.post(
+            _CUSTOMERS,
+            json={
+                "company_name": f"t_引用公司_{uuid.uuid4().hex[:8]}",
+                "owner_name": "张老板",
+                "customer_type": "personal",
+            },
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert customer.status_code == 200, customer.text
+        business = client.post(
+            _BUSINESSES,
+            json={
+                "customer_id": customer.json()["data"]["id"],
+                "business_date": "2026-01-01",
+                "items": [
+                    {
+                        "product_id": product_id,
+                        "product_name": f"t_引用产品_{uuid.uuid4().hex[:6]}",
+                        "product_category": PRODUCT_CATEGORY_MUNICIPAL_WATER,
+                        "quantity": "1.00",
+                        "sale_price": "10.00",
+                    }
+                ],
+            },
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert business.status_code == 200, business.text
+        return business.json()["data"]
+
+    return _factory
+
+
+class TestAuth:
+    """鉴权：登录后接口，裸访问一律 401。"""
+
+    def test_未登录访问产品列表_401(self, client: TestClient) -> None:
+        resp = client.get(_PRODUCTS)
+        assert resp.status_code == 401, resp.text
+
+
+class TestCrudFlow:
+    """正向链路：建 → 查 → 改（含换类别）→ 删。"""
+
+    def test_新增产品默认启用且数量单价字符串直出(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        data = _create(client, normal["headers"])
+        assert data["status"] == 1, "新产品应默认启用"
+        assert data["spec_model"] == "DN100"
+        # 金额红线：str 进 str 出，且数值与入参精确相等（Decimal 比较，不经 float）
+        assert isinstance(data["sale_price"], str)
+        assert Decimal(data["sale_price"]) == Decimal("12.5")
+        assert isinstance(data["stock_quantity"], str)
+        assert Decimal(data["stock_quantity"]) == Decimal("100")
+
+    def test_详情与列表均能查到新增产品(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        data = _create(client, normal["headers"])
+        detail = client.get(f"{_PRODUCTS}/{data['id']}", headers=normal["headers"])
+        assert detail.status_code == 200, detail.text
+        assert detail.json()["data"]["id"] == data["id"]
+
+        listed = client.get(
+            _PRODUCTS, params={"keyword": data["product_name"]}, headers=normal["headers"]
+        )
+        assert listed.status_code == 200, listed.text
+        assert [r["id"] for r in listed.json()["data"]["list"]] == [data["id"]]
+
+    def test_同名称不同规格创建成功(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        name = _pname()
+        first = _create(client, normal["headers"], product_name=name, spec_model="DN100")
+        second = client.post(
+            _PRODUCTS,
+            json=_payload(name, spec_model="DN200"),
+            headers=normal["headers"],
+        )
+        assert second.status_code == 200, second.text
+        assert second.json()["data"]["id"] != first["id"]
+
+    def test_删除产品成功(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        data = _create(client, normal["headers"])
+        resp = client.delete(f"{_PRODUCTS}/{data['id']}", headers=normal["headers"])
+        assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+        detail = client.get(f"{_PRODUCTS}/{data['id']}", headers=normal["headers"])
+        assert detail.status_code == 404
+        assert "产品不存在" in detail.json()["message"]
+
+
+class TestDeleteProtection:
+    """删除保护：被业务/发货明细引用的产品禁删（customer 先例同构）。"""
+
+    def test_被业务明细引用_400且产品仍在(
+        self, client: TestClient, normal: dict, make_business_for_product
+    ) -> None:
+        product = _create(client, normal["headers"])
+        business = make_business_for_product(normal["headers"], product["id"])
+        resp = client.delete(f"{_PRODUCTS}/{product['id']}", headers=normal["headers"])
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+        assert "引用" in resp.json()["message"]
+        # 产品仍在（引导改走停用而非物理删除）
+        still = client.get(f"{_PRODUCTS}/{product['id']}", headers=normal["headers"])
+        assert still.status_code == 200
+        # 业务明细行确实引用了该产品（护栏：确认保护不是空转）
+        detail = client.get(f"{_BUSINESSES}/{business['id']}", headers=normal["headers"]).json()[
+            "data"
+        ]
+        assert detail["items"][0]["product_id"] == product["id"]
+
+    def test_被发货明细引用_400(
+        self, client: TestClient, normal: dict, make_business_for_product
+    ) -> None:
+        product = _create(client, normal["headers"])
+        make_business_for_product(normal["headers"], product["id"])
+        # 在业务明细引用之外再挂一笔发货明细（同样引用 products.id）
+        businesses = client.get("/api/v1/business/businesses", headers=normal["headers"]).json()[
+            "data"
+        ]
+        business_id = businesses["list"][0]["id"]
+        shipment = client.post(
+            "/api/v1/business/shipments",
+            json={
+                "business_id": business_id,
+                "ship_date": "2026-01-01",
+                "items": [
+                    {
+                        "product_id": product["id"],
+                        "product_name": product["product_name"],
+                        "quantity": "1.00",
+                        "sale_price": "10.00",
+                    }
+                ],
+            },
+            headers=normal["headers"],
+        )
+        assert shipment.status_code == 200, shipment.text
+        # 此前业务明细引用已令删除被拒，此处再证发货引用同一防线
+        resp = client.delete(f"{_PRODUCTS}/{product['id']}", headers=normal["headers"])
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+
+
+class TestValidationRules:
+    """类别值域与组合唯一 —— 核算阈值锚点不脏、业务标识不重复。"""
+
+    def test_重名同规格_400(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        name = _pname()
+        _create(client, normal["headers"], product_name=name)
+        dup = client.post(
+            _PRODUCTS,
+            json=_payload(name, spec_model="DN100"),
+            headers=normal["headers"],
+        )
+        assert dup.status_code == 400, dup.text
+        assert "已存在同名称同规格的产品" in dup.json()["message"]
+
+    def test_规格缺省归一空串且重名同空规格仍拦截(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        """组合唯一键对 NULL 不去重：缺省规格若归 NULL 会放行重名同规格数据。"""
+        name = _pname()
+        first = _create(client, normal["headers"], product_name=name, spec_model=None)
+        assert first["spec_model"] == ""
+        dup = client.post(
+            _PRODUCTS,
+            json=_payload(name, spec_model=None),
+            headers=normal["headers"],
+        )
+        assert dup.status_code == 400, dup.text
+        assert "已存在同名称同规格的产品" in dup.json()["message"]
+
+    def test_产品类别非法_400(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        resp = client.post(
+            _PRODUCTS,
+            json=_payload(_pname(), product_category="not_a_category"),
+            headers=normal["headers"],
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+        assert "产品类别不合法" in resp.json()["message"]
+
+    def test_销售单价为负数_400(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        resp = client.post(
+            _PRODUCTS,
+            json=_payload(_pname(), sale_price="-1"),
+            headers=normal["headers"],
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+
+    def test_销售单价非数字_400(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        resp = client.post(
+            _PRODUCTS,
+            json=_payload(_pname(), sale_price="abc"),
+            headers=normal["headers"],
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+
+    def test_编辑改类别为合法值成功(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        data = _create(client, normal["headers"])
+        updated = client.put(
+            f"{_PRODUCTS}/{data['id']}",
+            json=_payload(
+                data["product_name"],
+                product_category=PRODUCT_CATEGORY_RAIL_TRANSIT,
+                sale_price="15.8",
+            ),
+            headers=normal["headers"],
+        )
+        assert updated.status_code == 200, updated.text
+        body = updated.json()["data"]
+        assert body["product_category"] == PRODUCT_CATEGORY_RAIL_TRANSIT
+        assert Decimal(body["sale_price"]) == Decimal("15.8")
+
+
+class TestStatusSwitch:
+    """启用/停用独立于编辑端点 —— 编辑表单不携带状态，防误触停用。"""
+
+    def test_停用再启用切换(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        data = _create(client, headers)
+        off = client.put(f"{_PRODUCTS}/{data['id']}/status", json={"status": 0}, headers=headers)
+        assert off.status_code == 200, off.text
+        assert off.json()["message"] == "已停用"
+        assert off.json()["data"]["status"] == 0
+        on = client.put(f"{_PRODUCTS}/{data['id']}/status", json={"status": 1}, headers=headers)
+        assert on.status_code == 200, on.text
+        assert on.json()["message"] == "已启用"
+        assert on.json()["data"]["status"] == 1
+
+
+class TestAudit:
+    """写操作（含失败）留痕 —— 审计是验收项。"""
+
+    def test_新增产品成功留审计(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        data = _create(client, normal["headers"])
+        logs = [
+            log
+            for log in _logs_of(normal["username"])
+            if log.module == MODULE_PRODUCT and log.action == ACTION_CREATE
+        ]
+        assert logs, "新增产品未留操作日志"
+        latest = logs[0]
+        assert latest.success == 1
+        assert data["product_name"] in latest.summary
+
+    def test_重名失败留审计(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        name = _pname()
+        _create(client, normal["headers"], product_name=name)
+        dup = client.post(
+            _PRODUCTS,
+            json=_payload(name, spec_model="DN100"),
+            headers=normal["headers"],
+        )
+        assert dup.status_code == 400, dup.text
+        failed = [
+            log
+            for log in _logs_of(normal["username"])
+            if log.module == MODULE_PRODUCT and log.success == 0
+        ]
+        assert failed, "失败操作未留痕"
+        assert "已存在同名称同规格的产品" in (failed[0].error_message or "")

backend/tests/integration/test_ratings.py

@@ -0,0 +1,315 @@
+"""客户评级等级配置接口集成测试（需要 MySQL 与 Redis）。
+
+守的是评级**判定表**的两条硬约束 —— ① 区间互不重叠：重叠会让同一总分
+命中多个等级（或两段都跳过），判定表失效，新增与编辑两路都必须校验；
+② 分值域 0≤min≤max≤100：越界/倒挂的配置直接算错等级。边界相邻不算重叠
+（前段 max=74、后段 min=75 相邻）是种子铺满 0-100 的铺法，要有正例锁住；
+「已存在」的名称唯一在先查与 1062 两路都要收敛成 400。
+
+评级用例会**删改种子**（删除 C、编辑 D 的区间构造相邻/重叠场景），conftest
+兜底在每个用例后把判定表恢复为种子基线（全删全插，判定表无下游引用），
+因此种子断言用例（列表全量返回）始终在纯种子上运行。
+
+运行前置：``docker compose -f docker/docker-compose.dev.yml up -d``
+
+数据卫生：测试等级名一律 ``t_`` 前缀；种子（A/B/C/D）的删改由 conftest
+恢复，删除语义的用例自验 DELETE 端点。
+"""
+
+import uuid
+from decimal import Decimal
+
+import pytest
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+from sqlalchemy import select
+
+from app.core.constants import ACTION_CREATE, MODULE_RATING
+from app.core.db import get_session_factory
+from app.models import OperationLog
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.integration
+
+_GRADES = "/api/v1/business/rating-grades"
+
+# 种子基线（与 V5 迁移一致）：分数字符串经 DB round-trip 后一位小数（Numeric(5,1)）
+_SEED = [
+    ("A", "90.0", "100.0", 1),
+    ("B", "75.0", "89.0", 2),
+    ("C", "60.0", "74.0", 3),
+    ("D", "0.0", "59.0", 4),
+]
+
+
+def _tname() -> str:
+    return f"t_等级_{uuid.uuid4().hex[:6]}"
+
+
+def _gpayload(grade_name: str, min_score: str, max_score: str, **overrides: object) -> dict:
+    body: dict = {
+        "grade_name": grade_name,
+        "min_score": min_score,
+        "max_score": max_score,
+        "sort_order": 99,
+        "remark": "t_评级测试",
+    }
+    body.update(overrides)
+    return body
+
+
+def _seed_id(client: TestClient, headers: dict, grade_name: str) -> int:
+    """从判定表列表取种子等级 id（种子由迁移初始化，主键不可假造）。"""
+    rows = client.get(_GRADES, headers=headers).json()["data"]
+    match = next(row for row in rows if row["grade_name"] == grade_name)
+    return match["id"]
+
+
+def _drop_seed(client: TestClient, headers: dict, grade_name: str) -> None:
+    """删掉种子等级，为测试等级清出分值空隙（种子由 conftest 兜底恢复）。
+
+    种子铺满 0-100 —— 凡要创建/编辑测试等级的用例，必须先清出与既有等级
+    完全分离的空隙，否则重叠约束（设计如此）一律 400。
+    """
+    resp = client.delete(f"{_GRADES}/{_seed_id(client, headers, grade_name)}", headers=headers)
+    assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+
+
+def _names(client: TestClient, headers: dict) -> list[str]:
+    return [row["grade_name"] for row in client.get(_GRADES, headers=headers).json()["data"]]
+
+
+def _logs_of(username: str) -> list[OperationLog]:
+    """取某操作人的审计行（按 id 倒序，最新在前）。"""
+    factory = get_session_factory()
+    with factory() as session:
+        return list(
+            session.execute(
+                select(OperationLog)
+                .where(OperationLog.username == username)
+                .order_by(OperationLog.id.desc())
+            ).scalars()
+        )
+
+
+class TestAuth:
+    """鉴权：评级配置属业务操作不要求管理员，但仍是登录后接口。"""
+
+    def test_未登录访问评级等级列表_401(self, client: TestClient) -> None:
+        resp = client.get(_GRADES)
+        assert resp.status_code == 401, resp.text
+
+
+class TestOverlapGuardLock:
+    """区间重叠判定的并发防线：判重叠的 list_all 必须带 FOR UPDATE。
+
+    区间重叠无唯一键可拦（名称才有 uk），无锁时两管理员并发提交重叠区间
+    会互判不重叠而双双入库。双连接真并发需线程与锁等待控制，此处锁定
+    SQL 形态两条口径：for_update 编译产物含 FOR UPDATE、只读直出不含。
+    """
+
+    def test_判重叠查询带FOR_UPDATE_只读直出不带(self) -> None:
+        from app.models import CustomerRatingGrade
+
+        locked = (
+            select(CustomerRatingGrade)
+            .order_by(CustomerRatingGrade.sort_order, CustomerRatingGrade.id)
+            .with_for_update()
+        )
+        assert "FOR UPDATE" in str(locked.compile())
+        plain = select(CustomerRatingGrade).order_by(CustomerRatingGrade.sort_order)
+        assert "FOR UPDATE" not in str(plain.compile())
+
+
+class TestList:
+    """列表直出种子基线：判定表是前端评级计算器的唯一数据源。"""
+
+    def test_种子四等级全量返回_按sort_order升序(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        resp = client.get(_GRADES, headers=normal["headers"])
+        assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+        rows = resp.json()["data"]
+        assert [(r["grade_name"], r["sort_order"]) for r in rows] == [
+            (name, order) for name, _, _, order in _SEED
+        ], rows
+        # 分值红线：str 出参且与种子精确相等（Decimal 比较，不经 float）
+        for row, (_, min_score, max_score, _) in zip(rows, _SEED, strict=True):
+            assert Decimal(row["min_score"]) == Decimal(min_score)
+            assert Decimal(row["max_score"]) == Decimal(max_score)
+
+
+class TestCreate:
+    """新增：区间合法（0≤min≤max≤100）、互不重叠、名称唯一 —— 三条硬约束
+    任一缺失都会算错等级。"""
+
+    def test_删除种子后新增相邻区间_成功且判定表更新(
+        self, client: TestClient, normal: dict
+    ) -> None:
+        """种子铺满 0-100，任何新区间都与某条重叠 —— 先删 C（60-74），
+        新增 60-74 与 D(0-59)/B(75-89) **边界相邻不算重叠**（正例）。"""
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        client.delete(f"{_GRADES}/{_seed_id(client, headers, 'C')}", headers=headers)
+        resp = client.post(
+            _GRADES, json=_gpayload("t_E", "60", "74", sort_order=5), headers=headers
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+        body = resp.json()["data"]
+        assert Decimal(body["min_score"]) == Decimal("60")
+        assert Decimal(body["max_score"]) == Decimal("74")
+        assert body["sort_order"] == 5
+
+        rows = client.get(_GRADES, headers=headers).json()["data"]
+        assert _names(client, headers) == ["A", "B", "D", "t_E"], rows
+
+    def test_区间倒挂_400(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        resp = client.post(_GRADES, json=_gpayload(_tname(), "80", "10"), headers=normal["headers"])
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+        assert "分值区间不合法" in resp.json()["message"], resp.text
+
+    def test_分值超上限_400(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        resp = client.post(
+            _GRADES, json=_gpayload(_tname(), "95", "150"), headers=normal["headers"]
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+        assert "分值区间不合法" in resp.json()["message"], resp.text
+
+    def test_分值负下限_400(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        resp = client.post(_GRADES, json=_gpayload(_tname(), "-5", "10"), headers=normal["headers"])
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+        assert "分值区间不合法" in resp.json()["message"], resp.text
+
+    def test_等级名称已存在_400(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        """先删 D 清出空隙：重叠校验在名称唯一校验之前，不清空隙会先撞
+        「与等级 D 重叠」而走不到名称校验。"""
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        _drop_seed(client, headers, "D")
+        resp = client.post(_GRADES, json=_gpayload("A", "10", "20"), headers=headers)
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+        assert "该等级名称已存在" in resp.json()["message"], resp.text
+
+    def test_新增与种子重叠_400点名冲突等级(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        """85-95 与种子 A(90-100) 闭区间相交 → 400 并点名 A，前端据此定位行。"""
+        resp = client.post(_GRADES, json=_gpayload(_tname(), "85", "95"), headers=normal["headers"])
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+        assert "分值区间与等级 A 重叠" in resp.json()["message"], resp.text
+        # 失败不落库：判定表仍是 4 条种子
+        assert _names(client, normal["headers"]) == ["A", "B", "C", "D"]
+
+
+class TestEdit:
+    """编辑以修改后的区间对全部既有等级（排除自身）两两相交 —— 编辑路与
+    新增路共用重叠约束，两处都要拦。"""
+
+    def test_编辑与其他等级重叠_400点名冲突等级(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        """把 B 编辑为 60-65：与 C(60-74) 相交 → 点名 C；与 D(0-59)/A 均分离。"""
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        b_id = _seed_id(client, headers, "B")
+        resp = client.put(
+            f"{_GRADES}/{b_id}",
+            json=_gpayload("B", "60", "65", sort_order=2),
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+        assert "分值区间与等级 C 重叠" in resp.json()["message"], resp.text
+        # 失败不落库：种子保持原样
+        assert _names(client, headers) == ["A", "B", "C", "D"]
+
+    def test_编辑相邻区间_成功且判定表更新(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        """删除 C 后把 D 编辑为 0-74：与 B(75-89) **边界相邻不算重叠**
+        （74 与 75 相邻），这是种子铺法的正例。"""
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        client.delete(f"{_GRADES}/{_seed_id(client, headers, 'C')}", headers=headers)
+        d_id = _seed_id(client, headers, "D")
+        resp = client.put(
+            f"{_GRADES}/{d_id}",
+            json=_gpayload("D", "0", "74", sort_order=4),
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+
+        rows = client.get(_GRADES, headers=headers).json()["data"]
+        assert [(r["grade_name"], r["sort_order"]) for r in rows] == [("A", 1), ("B", 2), ("D", 4)]
+        assert Decimal(rows[2]["max_score"]) == Decimal("74"), rows[2]
+
+    def test_编辑回显改名与分数(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        _drop_seed(client, headers, "D")  # 清出 0-59 空隙供测试等级落脚
+        grade_name = _tname()
+        created = client.post(
+            _GRADES, json=_gpayload(grade_name, "10", "20", sort_order=50), headers=headers
+        )
+        assert created.status_code == 200, created.text
+        grade_id = created.json()["data"]["id"]
+
+        new_name = _tname()
+        updated = client.put(
+            f"{_GRADES}/{grade_id}",
+            json=_gpayload(new_name, "15", "25", sort_order=60, remark="t_改"),
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert updated.status_code == 200, updated.text
+        body = updated.json()["data"]
+        assert body["grade_name"] == new_name
+        assert Decimal(body["min_score"]) == Decimal("15")
+        assert Decimal(body["max_score"]) == Decimal("25")
+        assert body["sort_order"] == 60
+
+        rows = client.get(_GRADES, headers=headers).json()["data"]
+        match = next(r for r in rows if r["id"] == grade_id)
+        assert match["grade_name"] == new_name
+        assert Decimal(match["min_score"]) == Decimal("15")
+
+
+class TestDelete:
+    """删除允许清空（评级是纯计算器、评分记录不落库）—— 删除后判定表
+    立即反映，二次删除 404。"""
+
+    def test_删除等级后判定表更新_二次删除404(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        _drop_seed(client, headers, "D")  # 清出 0-59 空隙供测试等级落脚
+        grade_name = _tname()
+        created = client.post(
+            _GRADES, json=_gpayload(grade_name, "30.5", "40.5", sort_order=50), headers=headers
+        )
+        assert created.status_code == 200, created.text
+        grade_id = created.json()["data"]["id"]
+        assert grade_name in _names(client, headers)
+
+        assert client.delete(f"{_GRADES}/{grade_id}", headers=headers).status_code == 200
+        assert grade_name not in _names(client, headers)
+
+        again = client.delete(f"{_GRADES}/{grade_id}", headers=headers)
+        assert again.status_code == 404, again.text
+        assert "评级等级不存在" in again.json()["message"], again.text
+
+
+class TestAudit:
+    """写操作（含校验失败的）都在 operation_logs 留痕 —— 审计是验收项。"""
+
+    def test_新增等级成功留审计(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        _drop_seed(client, headers, "D")  # 清出 0-59 空隙供测试等级落脚
+        grade_name = _tname()
+        resp = client.post(
+            _GRADES,
+            json=_gpayload(grade_name, "30.5", "40.5", sort_order=50),
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+        logs = [
+            log
+            for log in _logs_of(normal["username"])
+            if log.module == MODULE_RATING and log.action == ACTION_CREATE
+        ]
+        assert logs, "新增评级等级未留操作日志"
+        latest = logs[0]
+        assert latest.success == 1
+        assert grade_name in latest.summary
+
+    def test_重叠失败留审计(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        resp = client.post(_GRADES, json=_gpayload(_tname(), "85", "95"), headers=normal["headers"])
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+        failed = [
+            log
+            for log in _logs_of(normal["username"])
+            if log.module == MODULE_RATING and log.success == 0
+        ]
+        assert failed, "失败操作未留痕"
+        assert "分值区间与等级 A 重叠" in (failed[0].error_message or ""), failed[0]

backend/tests/integration/test_receipts.py

@@ -0,0 +1,378 @@
+"""回款管理接口集成测试（需要 MySQL 与 Redis）。
+
+守的是回款的数据完整性三道线 —— ① 发货批次同业务强校验：跨业务指定会让
+回款天数与台账归属漂移；② settlement_status 是 M3 核算防重锚点（需规
+2.3.3「每笔回款仅核算一次」），已核算禁改禁删缺失会让台账与源数据漂移；
+③ total_received_amount 回写是 M3 起付判定的直接消费源，删行漏算即漂移。
+payment_days 为只读派生值，锁定「发货日首日计第 1 天」口径。
+
+运行前置：``docker compose -f docker/docker-compose.dev.yml up -d``
+
+数据卫生：人员/公司/产品名一律 ``t_`` 前缀由 conftest 兜底清理；回款批次
+编号系统生成（HK 前缀），conftest 按编号前缀全量清；「已核算」的造数走
+直接改库（M2 只写 0、置位是 M3 职责），M3 核算置位语义不绕开。
+"""
+
+import re
+import uuid
+from datetime import date
+from decimal import Decimal
+
+import pytest
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+from sqlalchemy import select
+
+from app.core.constants import ACTION_CREATE, MODULE_RECEIPT
+from app.core.db import get_session_factory
+from app.models import OperationLog, Receipt
+from app.models.receipt import SETTLEMENT_DONE
+from tests.integration.factories import create_business as _create_business
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.integration
+
+_BUSINESSES = "/api/v1/business/businesses"
+_SHIPMENTS = "/api/v1/business/shipments"
+_RECEIPTS = "/api/v1/business/receipts"
+
+
+def _sitem(**overrides: object) -> dict:
+    body: dict = {
+        "product_name": f"t_产品_{uuid.uuid4().hex[:8]}",
+        "quantity": "1",
+        "sale_price": "500.00",
+    }
+    body.update(overrides)
+    return body
+
+
+def _spayload(business_id: int, ship_date: str, **overrides: object) -> dict:
+    body: dict = {
+        "business_id": business_id,
+        "ship_date": ship_date,
+        "items": [_sitem()],
+    }
+    body.update(overrides)
+    return body
+
+
+def _create_shipment(client: TestClient, headers: dict, business_id: int, ship_date: str) -> dict:
+    resp = client.post(_SHIPMENTS, json=_spayload(business_id, ship_date), headers=headers)
+    assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+    return resp.json()["data"]
+
+
+def _rpayload(business_id: int, **overrides: object) -> dict:
+    body: dict = {
+        "business_id": business_id,
+        "receipt_date": str(date.today()),
+        "amount": "1200.00",
+    }
+    body.update(overrides)
+    return body
+
+
+def _create(client: TestClient, headers: dict, business_id: int, **overrides: object) -> dict:
+    resp = client.post(_RECEIPTS, json=_rpayload(business_id, **overrides), headers=headers)
+    assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+    return resp.json()["data"]
+
+
+def _terminate(client: TestClient, headers: dict, business_id: int) -> None:
+    """把业务流转到已终止（终态禁写场景的造数步骤）。"""
+    resp = client.put(
+        f"{_BUSINESSES}/{business_id}/status",
+        json={"status": 3, "reason": f"t_终止_{uuid.uuid4().hex[:6]}"},
+        headers=headers,
+    )
+    assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+
+
+def _settle(receipt_id: int) -> None:
+    """已核算造数：M2 只写 0，置 1 由 M3 核算负责 —— 测试直接改库模拟置位，
+    不绕开「M2 不置位」的实现约定。"""
+    factory = get_session_factory()
+    with factory() as session:
+        row = session.get(Receipt, receipt_id)
+        assert row is not None, "回款行不存在"
+        row.settlement_status = SETTLEMENT_DONE
+        session.commit()
+
+
+def _logs_of(username: str) -> list[OperationLog]:
+    """取某操作人的审计行（按 id 倒序，最新在前）。"""
+    factory = get_session_factory()
+    with factory() as session:
+        return list(
+            session.execute(
+                select(OperationLog)
+                .where(OperationLog.username == username)
+                .order_by(OperationLog.id.desc())
+            ).scalars()
+        )
+
+
+class TestAuth:
+    """鉴权：业务数据属业务操作不要求管理员，但仍是登录后接口。"""
+
+    def test_未登录访问回款列表_401(self, client: TestClient) -> None:
+        resp = client.get(_RECEIPTS)
+        assert resp.status_code == 401, resp.text
+
+
+class TestCreate:
+    """创建：HK 批次契约、金额红线、回款天数派生与业务合计回写。"""
+
+    def test_新增回款_批次号格式_未指定批次_无派生(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        business = _create_business(client, headers)
+        data = _create(client, headers, business["id"])
+
+        # 批次号格式：HK{YYYYMMDD}-{4位当日序号}（日期取当日）
+        expected_prefix = f"HK{date.today():%Y%m%d}-"
+        assert re.fullmatch(r"HK\d{8}-\d{4}", data["receipt_batch_no"]), data["receipt_batch_no"]
+        assert data["receipt_batch_no"].startswith(expected_prefix), data["receipt_batch_no"]
+
+        # 未指定批次（shipment_id 空）：批次可暂不指定，回款天数无从派生
+        assert data["shipment_id"] is None
+        assert data["shipment_no"] is None
+        assert data["payment_days"] is None
+        # M2 只写 0：置 1 由 M3 核算负责
+        assert data["settlement_status"] == 0
+        assert Decimal(data["amount"]) == Decimal("1200")
+
+    def test_指定批次_回款天数发货日首日计第1天(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        """发货 2026-10-05 / 回款 2026-11-02 → 29 天（首日计第 1 天，
+        需规「26 天」示例已作废）。"""
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        business = _create_business(client, headers)
+        shipment = _create_shipment(client, headers, business["id"], "2026-10-05")
+        data = _create(
+            client,
+            headers,
+            business["id"],
+            shipment_id=shipment["id"],
+            receipt_date="2026-11-02",
+            amount="500.00",
+        )
+        assert data["shipment_id"] == shipment["id"]
+        assert data["shipment_no"] == shipment["shipment_no"]
+        assert data["payment_days"] == 29, data
+
+    def test_新增回款_业务合计回写_删除后回退(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        business = _create_business(client, headers)
+        data = _create(client, headers, business["id"])
+
+        after = client.get(f"{_BUSINESSES}/{business['id']}", headers=headers).json()["data"]
+        assert Decimal(after["total_received_amount"]) == Decimal("1200")
+
+        assert client.delete(f"{_RECEIPTS}/{data['id']}", headers=headers).status_code == 200
+        rollback = client.get(f"{_BUSINESSES}/{business['id']}", headers=headers).json()["data"]
+        assert Decimal(rollback["total_received_amount"]) == Decimal("0")
+
+    def test_业务不存在_404(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        resp = client.post(_RECEIPTS, json=_rpayload(999999999), headers=normal["headers"])
+        assert resp.status_code == 404, resp.text
+        assert "业务不存在" in resp.json()["message"], resp.text
+
+    def test_终态业务禁新增回款_400(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        business = _create_business(client, headers)
+        _terminate(client, headers, business["id"])
+        resp = client.post(_RECEIPTS, json=_rpayload(business["id"]), headers=headers)
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+        assert "业务已完成或已终止，禁止新增回款" in resp.json()["message"], resp.text
+
+    def test_金额负数_400(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        """一期禁负数金额（红字/退款冲销需求出现时先补设计再放开）。"""
+        business = _create_business(client, normal["headers"])
+        resp = client.post(
+            _RECEIPTS, json=_rpayload(business["id"], amount="-1"), headers=normal["headers"]
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+        assert "不能为负数" in resp.json()["message"], resp.text
+
+    def test_金额三位小数_400(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        """小数位超限直接拒绝而非静默舍入 —— 舍入即算错钱。"""
+        business = _create_business(client, normal["headers"])
+        resp = client.post(
+            _RECEIPTS,
+            json=_rpayload(business["id"], amount="12.345"),
+            headers=normal["headers"],
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+        assert "最多两位小数" in resp.json()["message"], resp.text
+
+
+class TestCrossBusiness:
+    """发货批次同业务强校验 —— 两类失败（不存在/跨业务）统一文案，防响应
+    差异探测发货单存在性。"""
+
+    def test_跨业务指定发货批次_400(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        business1 = _create_business(client, headers)
+        shipment = _create_shipment(client, headers, business1["id"], str(date.today()))
+        business2 = _create_business(client, headers)
+
+        resp = client.post(
+            _RECEIPTS,
+            json=_rpayload(business2["id"], shipment_id=shipment["id"]),
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+        assert "发货批次不属于该业务，无法指定" in resp.json()["message"], resp.text
+
+    def test_编辑时指定跨业务发货批次_400(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        """编辑路径（全量替换）同样强校验，无「未变即免检」旁路。"""
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        business1 = _create_business(client, headers)
+        shipment = _create_shipment(client, headers, business1["id"], str(date.today()))
+        business2 = _create_business(client, headers)
+        data = _create(client, headers, business2["id"])
+
+        resp = client.put(
+            f"{_RECEIPTS}/{data['id']}",
+            json={
+                "shipment_id": shipment["id"],
+                "receipt_date": str(date.today()),
+                "amount": "1200.00",
+            },
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+        assert "发货批次不属于该业务，无法指定" in resp.json()["message"], resp.text
+
+    def test_编辑回款_全量替换_派生值实时刷新(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        business = _create_business(client, headers)
+        shipment = _create_shipment(client, headers, business["id"], "2026-10-05")
+        data = _create(client, headers, business["id"])
+        assert data["payment_days"] is None
+
+        specified = client.put(
+            f"{_RECEIPTS}/{data['id']}",
+            json={
+                "shipment_id": shipment["id"],
+                "receipt_date": "2026-11-02",
+                "amount": "300.00",
+            },
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert specified.status_code == 200, specified.text
+        body = specified.json()["data"]
+        assert body["payment_days"] == 29, "指定批次后回款天数按发货日首日派生"
+        assert body["shipment_no"] == shipment["shipment_no"]
+
+        cleared = client.put(
+            f"{_RECEIPTS}/{data['id']}",
+            json={
+                "shipment_id": None,
+                "receipt_date": "2026-11-02",
+                "amount": "300.00",
+            },
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert cleared.status_code == 200, cleared.text
+        assert cleared.json()["data"]["payment_days"] is None, "清除指定后派生值回 null"
+
+
+class TestSettled:
+    """已核算回款禁改禁删（M3 核算防重锚点）—— 台账固化后源数据禁漂移。"""
+
+    def test_已核算禁改_400(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        business = _create_business(client, headers)
+        data = _create(client, headers, business["id"])
+        _settle(data["id"])
+
+        resp = client.put(
+            f"{_RECEIPTS}/{data['id']}",
+            json={
+                "shipment_id": None,
+                "receipt_date": str(date.today()),
+                "amount": "9999.00",
+            },
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+        assert "已核算回款禁止修改" in resp.json()["message"], resp.text
+
+    def test_已核算禁删_400(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        business = _create_business(client, headers)
+        data = _create(client, headers, business["id"])
+        _settle(data["id"])
+
+        resp = client.delete(f"{_RECEIPTS}/{data['id']}", headers=headers)
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+        assert "已核算回款禁止删除" in resp.json()["message"], resp.text
+
+
+class TestFilter:
+    """核算状态筛选（M3 核算消费的入口口径）。"""
+
+    def test_settlement_status筛选_0只回未核算_1只回已核算(
+        self, client: TestClient, normal: dict
+    ) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        business = _create_business(client, headers)
+        pending = _create(client, headers, business["id"], amount="500.00")
+        settled = _create(client, headers, business["id"], amount="700.00")
+        _settle(settled["id"])
+
+        resp0 = client.get(
+            _RECEIPTS,
+            params={"business_id": business["id"], "settlement_status": 0},
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert resp0.status_code == 200, resp0.text
+        rows0 = resp0.json()["data"]["list"]
+        assert [r["id"] for r in rows0] == [pending["id"]], rows0
+        assert rows0[0]["settlement_status"] == 0
+
+        resp1 = client.get(
+            _RECEIPTS,
+            params={"business_id": business["id"], "settlement_status": 1},
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert resp1.status_code == 200, resp1.text
+        rows1 = resp1.json()["data"]["list"]
+        assert [r["id"] for r in rows1] == [settled["id"]], rows1
+
+
+class TestAudit:
+    """写操作（含校验失败的）都在 operation_logs 留痕 —— 审计是验收项。"""
+
+    def test_新增回款成功留审计(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        business = _create_business(client, headers)
+        data = _create(client, headers, business["id"])
+        logs = [
+            log
+            for log in _logs_of(normal["username"])
+            if log.module == MODULE_RECEIPT and log.action == ACTION_CREATE
+        ]
+        assert logs, "新增回款未留操作日志"
+        latest = logs[0]
+        assert latest.success == 1
+        assert "新增回款" in latest.summary
+        assert data["receipt_batch_no"] in latest.summary
+
+    def test_跨业务指定失败留审计(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        business1 = _create_business(client, headers)
+        shipment = _create_shipment(client, headers, business1["id"], str(date.today()))
+        business2 = _create_business(client, headers)
+        resp = client.post(
+            _RECEIPTS,
+            json=_rpayload(business2["id"], shipment_id=shipment["id"]),
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+        failed = [
+            log
+            for log in _logs_of(normal["username"])
+            if log.module == MODULE_RECEIPT and log.success == 0
+        ]
+        assert failed, "失败操作未留痕"
+        assert "发货批次不属于该业务" in (failed[0].error_message or ""), failed[0]

backend/tests/integration/test_schema_sync.py

@@ -28,10 +28,14 @@ _CREATE_TABLE = re.compile(r"CREATE TABLE\s+`?(\w+)`?\s*\((.*?)\n\)", re.DOTALL)
 _COLUMN_LINE = re.compile(r"^\s{4}`?(\w+)`?\s", re.MULTILINE)
 # 这些开头的是约束定义，不是列定义
 _NON_COLUMN_KEYWORDS = {"CONSTRAINT", "PRIMARY", "UNIQUE", "FOREIGN", "KEY", "INDEX"}
+# ALTER TABLE 的列级变更（语义重放用）：ADD COLUMN / DROP COLUMN；
+# MODIFY 只改类型不改列名，对列集合无影响，无需处理
+_ALTER_ADD = re.compile(r"ALTER TABLE\s+`?(\w+)`?\s+ADD(?:\s+COLUMN)?\s+`?(\w+)`?", re.IGNORECASE)
+_ALTER_DROP = re.compile(r"ALTER TABLE\s+`?(\w+)`?\s+DROP(?:\s+COLUMN)?\s+`?(\w+)`?", re.IGNORECASE)
 
 
 def _parse_tables(sql: str) -> dict[str, set[str]]:
-    """从 SQL 文本中提取 {表名: {列名集合}}。"""
+    """从 SQL 文本中提取 {表名: {列名集合}}（仅 CREATE TABLE 的静态解析）。"""
     tables: dict[str, set[str]] = {}
     for table_name, body in _CREATE_TABLE.findall(sql):
         tables[table_name] = {
@@ -42,6 +46,27 @@ def _parse_tables(sql: str) -> dict[str, set[str]]:
     return tables
 
 
+def _migration_final_state(paths: list[Path]) -> dict[str, set[str]]:
+    """按文件序重放迁移脚本，得到迁移链**终态**的 {表名: {列名集合}}。
+
+    早前实现把全部脚本的 CREATE 列做并集：某表日后被 ALTER DROP COLUMN
+    时，并集里旧列名永远存在，init-dev.sql 必须保留死列才能过测 —— 守卫
+    会主动背书一份与生产结构漂移的开发库 DDL。按序重放 ADD/DROP 后，
+    比对基准才是终态（CHANGE RENAME 列名出现时重放会报差异，属人工核对
+    的正确时机：改名同时牵动 init-dev 与 ORM，须人来确认两处同步）。
+    """
+    merged: dict[str, set[str]] = {}
+    for path in paths:
+        sql = path.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
+        for table, columns in _parse_tables(sql).items():
+            merged.setdefault(table, set()).update(columns)
+        for table, column in _ALTER_ADD.findall(sql):
+            merged.setdefault(table, set()).add(column)
+        for table, column in _ALTER_DROP.findall(sql):
+            merged.setdefault(table, set()).discard(column)
+    return merged
+
+
 def _alembic_head() -> str:
     """从迁移脚本推断当前 head 版本号。
 
@@ -65,15 +90,10 @@ def _alembic_head() -> str:
 
 @pytest.fixture(scope="module")
 def migration_tables() -> dict[str, set[str]]:
-    """合并解析 db/migration/ 下全部 V*.sql。"""
+    """按文件序重放 db/migration/ 下全部 V*.sql，取迁移链终态。"""
     files = sorted(MIGRATION_DIR.glob("V*.sql"))
     assert files, f"未找到迁移脚本：{MIGRATION_DIR}"
-
-    merged: dict[str, set[str]] = {}
-    for path in files:
-        for table, columns in _parse_tables(path.read_text(encoding="utf-8")).items():
-            merged.setdefault(table, set()).update(columns)
-    return merged
+    return _migration_final_state(files)
 
 
 @pytest.fixture(scope="module")
@@ -109,7 +129,7 @@ class TestSchemaSync:
 class TestSeedData:
     """字典数据与版本标记。"""
 
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize("role_code", ["admin", "user"])
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("role_code", ["admin", "user", "marketing_ops", "finance", "leader"])
     def test_角色初始化数据在两处都存在(self, role_code: str) -> None:
         migration_sql = "\n".join(
             path.read_text(encoding="utf-8") for path in sorted(MIGRATION_DIR.glob("V*.sql"))

backend/tests/integration/test_secondary_allocation.py

@@ -0,0 +1,211 @@
+"""二次分配方案录入（业务创建/编辑同事务）集成测试。
+
+守的是（计划 T3 验收）：
+- 创建带方案 → 详情回显含 personnel_name 冗余与比例
+- 编辑全量替换（空数组=清空）
+- 离职/不存在人员 → 400「分摊参与人员不存在或已离职」
+- 终态业务禁改方案（与编辑终态门槛同一口径）
+- 合计不强制 100%：hint 展示合计与余额（余额归属待澄清 #2）
+- 删除保护：被方案引用的人员 RESTRICT 禁删（400 而非静默剥离）
+- 人员删除后方案回显仍有名（personnel_name 固化的意义）
+
+人员造数走 /api/v1/base/personnel（种子营销员岗位）；离职用状态端点。
+"""
+
+import uuid
+
+import pytest
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+from tests.integration.factories import business_payload, customer
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.integration
+
+_BUSINESSES = "/api/v1/business/businesses"
+_PERSONNEL = "/api/v1/base/personnel"
+
+
+def _person(client: TestClient, headers: dict, **overrides: object) -> dict:
+    role_id = overrides.pop("business_role_id", None)
+    body = {
+        "personnel_name": f"t_分摊_{uuid.uuid4().hex[:8]}",
+        "business_role_id": role_id or _any_role_id(),
+        "salary_standard": "3000.00",
+        **overrides,
+    }
+    resp = client.post(_PERSONNEL, json=body, headers=headers)
+    assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+    return resp.json()["data"]
+
+
+def _any_role_id() -> int:
+    """种子营销员岗位 ID（内置启用）。"""
+    from sqlalchemy import select
+
+    from app.core.constants import BUSINESS_ROLE_SALESPERSON
+    from app.core.db import get_session_factory
+    from app.models import BusinessRole
+
+    factory = get_session_factory()
+    with factory() as session:
+        return int(
+            session.execute(
+                select(BusinessRole.id).where(
+                    BusinessRole.role_code == BUSINESS_ROLE_SALESPERSON,
+                    BusinessRole.status == 1,
+                )
+            ).scalar_one()
+        )
+
+
+def _create_with_allocations(client: TestClient, headers: dict, allocations: list[dict]) -> dict:
+    cust = customer(client, headers)
+    resp = client.post(
+        _BUSINESSES,
+        json=business_payload(cust["id"], secondary_allocations=allocations),
+        headers=headers,
+    )
+    assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+    return resp.json()["data"]
+
+
+def _detail(client: TestClient, headers: dict, business_id: int) -> dict:
+    resp = client.get(f"{_BUSINESSES}/{business_id}", headers=headers)
+    assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+    return resp.json()["data"]
+
+
+class TestCreateAndEcho:
+    """创建带方案与详情回显。"""
+
+    def test_带方案创建_详情回显姓名与比例(self, client: TestClient, admin: dict) -> None:
+        p1 = _person(client, admin["headers"])
+        p2 = _person(client, admin["headers"])
+        data = _create_with_allocations(
+            client,
+            admin["headers"],
+            [
+                {"personnel_id": p1["id"], "ratio": "30.00"},
+                {"personnel_id": p2["id"], "ratio": "20.00"},
+            ],
+        )
+        detail = _detail(client, admin["headers"], data["id"])
+        assert len(detail["secondary_allocations"]) == 2
+        names = {a["personnel_name"] for a in detail["secondary_allocations"]}
+        assert p1["personnel_name"] in names and p2["personnel_name"] in names
+        ratios = sorted(a["ratio"] for a in detail["secondary_allocations"])
+        assert ratios == ["20.00", "30.00"]
+        # 合计 50%，余额 50% —— 只提示不落库（待澄清 #2）
+        assert "50.00" in (detail["allocation_hint"] or "")
+        assert "余额" in (detail["allocation_hint"] or "")
+
+    def test_不建方案_详情为空且无hint(self, client: TestClient, admin: dict) -> None:
+        data = _create_with_allocations(client, admin["headers"], [])
+        detail = _detail(client, admin["headers"], data["id"])
+        assert detail["secondary_allocations"] == []
+        assert detail["allocation_hint"] is None
+
+    def test_合计满额_hint只报合计(self, client: TestClient, admin: dict) -> None:
+        p1 = _person(client, admin["headers"])
+        p2 = _person(client, admin["headers"])
+        data = _create_with_allocations(
+            client,
+            admin["headers"],
+            [
+                {"personnel_id": p1["id"], "ratio": "60"},
+                {"personnel_id": p2["id"], "ratio": "40.00"},
+            ],
+        )
+        hint = _detail(client, admin["headers"], data["id"])["allocation_hint"]
+        assert hint is not None and "余额" not in hint
+
+
+class TestGuards:
+    """校验链：在职/终态/去重已由 schema 层覆盖，此处打服务层口径。"""
+
+    def test_离职人员参与被拒(self, client: TestClient, admin: dict) -> None:
+        p = _person(client, admin["headers"])
+        resp = client.put(
+            f"{_PERSONNEL}/{p['id']}/status", json={"status": 0}, headers=admin["headers"]
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+
+        cust = customer(client, admin["headers"])
+        resp = client.post(
+            _BUSINESSES,
+            json=business_payload(
+                cust["id"],
+                secondary_allocations=[{"personnel_id": p["id"], "ratio": "50.00"}],
+            ),
+            headers=admin["headers"],
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 400
+        assert "分摊参与" in resp.json()["message"]
+
+    def test_终态业务禁改方案(self, client: TestClient, admin: dict) -> None:
+        p = _person(client, admin["headers"])
+        data = _create_with_allocations(
+            client, admin["headers"], [{"personnel_id": p["id"], "ratio": "100"}]
+        )
+        resp = client.put(
+            f"{_BUSINESSES}/{data['id']}/status",
+            json={"status": 2},
+            headers=admin["headers"],
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+
+        detail = _detail(client, admin["headers"], data["id"])
+        payload = business_payload(detail["customer_id"], secondary_allocations=[])
+        for key in ("business_no", "status", "owner_personnel_id", "total_sale_amount"):
+            payload.pop(key, None)
+        resp = client.put(f"{_BUSINESSES}/{data['id']}", json=payload, headers=admin["headers"])
+        assert resp.status_code == 400
+        assert "禁止编辑" in resp.json()["message"]
+
+    def test_编辑全量替换与清空(self, client: TestClient, admin: dict) -> None:
+        p1 = _person(client, admin["headers"])
+        p2 = _person(client, admin["headers"])
+        data = _create_with_allocations(
+            client, admin["headers"], [{"personnel_id": p1["id"], "ratio": "40.00"}]
+        )
+
+        detail = _detail(client, admin["headers"], data["id"])
+        payload = business_payload(
+            detail["customer_id"],
+            secondary_allocations=[{"personnel_id": p2["id"], "ratio": "70.00"}],
+        )
+        resp = client.put(f"{_BUSINESSES}/{data['id']}", json=payload, headers=admin["headers"])
+        assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+
+        replaced = _detail(client, admin["headers"], data["id"])
+        assert len(replaced["secondary_allocations"]) == 1
+        assert replaced["secondary_allocations"][0]["personnel_id"] == p2["id"]
+
+        payload = business_payload(detail["customer_id"], secondary_allocations=[])
+        resp = client.put(f"{_BUSINESSES}/{data['id']}", json=payload, headers=admin["headers"])
+        assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+        assert _detail(client, admin["headers"], data["id"])["secondary_allocations"] == []
+
+
+class TestDeleteProtection:
+    """RESTRICT 外键：被方案引用的人员禁删，方案随业务删除而清。"""
+
+    def test_被方案引用的人员禁删(self, client: TestClient, admin: dict) -> None:
+        p = _person(client, admin["headers"])
+        data = _create_with_allocations(
+            client, admin["headers"], [{"personnel_id": p["id"], "ratio": "50.00"}]
+        )
+        resp = client.delete(f"{_PERSONNEL}/{p['id']}", headers=admin["headers"])
+        assert resp.status_code == 400
+        # 方案仍在，回显有名（RESTRICT 保证未静默剥离）
+        detail = _detail(client, admin["headers"], data["id"])
+        assert detail["secondary_allocations"][0]["personnel_name"] == p["personnel_name"]
+
+    def test_删除业务后可删人员(self, client: TestClient, admin: dict) -> None:
+        p = _person(client, admin["headers"])
+        data = _create_with_allocations(
+            client, admin["headers"], [{"personnel_id": p["id"], "ratio": "50.00"}]
+        )
+        resp = client.delete(f"{_BUSINESSES}/{data['id']}", headers=admin["headers"])
+        assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text  # 方案 CASCADE 随业务删除
+        assert client.delete(f"{_PERSONNEL}/{p['id']}", headers=admin["headers"]).status_code == 200

backend/tests/integration/test_settings.py

@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+"""系统设置（公司信息）接口测试。
+
+守的是：
+- 单行语义：全系统恒一行，PUT 只改名称不增行
+- public 端点无鉴权可用但**白名单字段**——多一个敏感字段都是匿名泄漏
+- logo 上传三重校验（后缀/magic bytes/大小）——仅看后缀可被伪造
+- 审计留痕：系统设置属敏感配置，改必须有日志
+
+真图片构造：PNG 用 8 字节签名 + 最小 IHDR；JPG 用 SOI 头 + 填充字节。
+仅校验 magic bytes 前缀，无需完整合法图片（解析由前端 img 完成）。
+"""
+
+import uuid
+
+import pytest
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+from app.main import app
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.integration
+
+_SETTINGS = "/api/v1/system/settings"
+
+_PNG_BYTES = b"\x89PNG\r\n\x1a\n" + b"\x00" * 32
+_JPG_BYTES = b"\xff\xd8\xff\xe0" + b"\x00" * 32
+_TXT_BYTES = b"not an image at all"
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def client() -> TestClient:
+    return TestClient(app)
+
+
+class TestCompanyInfo:
+    """公司名称读取与更新。"""
+
+    def test_初始值与更新生效(self, client: TestClient, admin: dict) -> None:
+        got = client.get(_SETTINGS, headers=admin["headers"]).json()["data"]
+        assert got["company_name"]
+        # logo_url 允许为 None（未上传）或历史遗留的 URL——单行库可复用，
+        # 断言不依赖「干净库」前提；上传行为由 TestLogoUpload 专类覆盖
+        assert got["logo_url"] is None or "/logo/public" in got["logo_url"]
+
+        new_name = f"测试公司_{uuid.uuid4().hex[:6]}"
+        put = client.put(_SETTINGS, json={"company_name": new_name}, headers=admin["headers"])
+        assert put.status_code == 200, put.text
+        assert put.json()["data"]["company_name"] == new_name
+        assert (
+            client.get(_SETTINGS, headers=admin["headers"]).json()["data"]["company_name"]
+            == new_name
+        )
+
+    def test_名称为空被拒(self, client: TestClient, admin: dict) -> None:
+        assert (
+            client.put(_SETTINGS, json={"company_name": ""}, headers=admin["headers"]).status_code
+            == 400
+        )
+
+    def test_非管理员改名称被拒(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        resp = client.put(_SETTINGS, json={"company_name": "越权公司"}, headers=normal["headers"])
+        assert resp.status_code == 403
+
+    def test_修改留审计日志(self, client: TestClient, admin: dict) -> None:
+        client.put(
+            _SETTINGS,
+            json={"company_name": f"审计公司_{uuid.uuid4().hex[:6]}"},
+            headers=admin["headers"],
+        )
+        logs = client.get(
+            "/api/v1/system/operation-logs",
+            params={"module": "系统设置"},
+            headers=admin["headers"],
+        ).json()["data"]["list"]
+        assert logs, "修改公司名称未产生操作日志"
+
+
+class TestPublicEndpoint:
+    """匿名端点：白名单字段 + 可用性。"""
+
+    def test_无令牌可读且仅白名单字段(self, client: TestClient, admin: dict) -> None:
+        name = f"公开公司_{uuid.uuid4().hex[:6]}"
+        client.put(_SETTINGS, json={"company_name": name}, headers=admin["headers"])
+
+        resp = client.get(f"{_SETTINGS}/public")
+        assert resp.status_code == 200
+        data = resp.json()["data"]
+        assert set(data) == {"company_name", "logo_url"}, "public 端点字段越界"
+        assert data["company_name"] == name
+        assert resp.headers.get("cache-control") is not None
+
+    def test_写操作匿名不可用(self, client: TestClient) -> None:
+        assert client.put(f"{_SETTINGS}/public", json={"company_name": "x"}).status_code in {
+            401,
+            405,
+        }
+
+
+class TestLogoUpload:
+    """logo 上传校验链。"""
+
+    def _upload(self, client: TestClient, admin: dict, filename: str, content: bytes):
+        return client.post(
+            f"{_SETTINGS}/logo",
+            files={"file": (filename, content, "application/octet-stream")},
+            headers=admin["headers"],
+        )
+
+    def test_合法png上传成功且回读(self, client: TestClient, admin: dict) -> None:
+        resp = self._upload(client, admin, "logo.png", _PNG_BYTES)
+        assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+        out = resp.json()["data"]
+        assert out["logo_url"] and "/logo/public" in out["logo_url"]
+
+        img = client.get(f"{_SETTINGS}/logo/public")
+        assert img.status_code == 200
+        assert img.headers["content-type"] == "image/png"
+
+    def test_伪造扩展名被magic_bytes拦截(self, client: TestClient, admin: dict) -> None:
+        resp = self._upload(client, admin, "fake.png", _TXT_BYTES)
+        assert resp.status_code == 400
+        assert "不符" in resp.json()["message"]
+
+    def test_非法格式被拒(self, client: TestClient, admin: dict) -> None:
+        assert self._upload(client, admin, "x.gif", _PNG_BYTES).status_code == 400
+
+    def test_超限被拒(self, client: TestClient, admin: dict) -> None:
+        big = _PNG_BYTES + b"\x00" * (2 * 1024 * 1024)
+        resp = self._upload(client, admin, "big.png", big)
+        assert resp.status_code == 400
+        assert "2MB" in resp.json()["message"]
+
+    def test_匿名上传被拒(self, client: TestClient) -> None:
+        resp = client.post(
+            f"{_SETTINGS}/logo",
+            files={"file": ("logo.png", _PNG_BYTES, "application/octet-stream")},
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 401

backend/tests/integration/test_shipments.py

@@ -0,0 +1,350 @@
+"""发货管理接口集成测试（需要 MySQL 与 Redis）。
+
+守的是发货单的行金额固化与双重汇总回写 —— 行金额（amount）与发货单总额
+（total_amount）若经前端传值，业务级 total_ship_amount 与运费合计就是可
+被篡改的源数据，M3 核算直接读业务冗余列；终态业务发货单禁写缺失会让核算
+基线漂移；被回款批次指定的发货单若能直接删，指定它的回款就指向悬空批次，
+回款天数无从派生。
+
+运行前置：``docker compose -f docker/docker-compose.dev.yml up -d``
+
+数据卫生：人员/公司/产品名一律 ``t_`` 前缀由 conftest 兜底清理；发货单
+编号系统生成（SH 前缀），conftest 按编号前缀全量清；删除语义的用例自验
+DELETE 端点。
+"""
+
+import re
+import uuid
+from datetime import date
+from decimal import Decimal
+
+import pytest
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+from sqlalchemy import select
+
+from app.core.constants import ACTION_CREATE, MODULE_SHIPMENT
+from app.core.db import get_session_factory
+from app.models import OperationLog
+from tests.integration.factories import create_business as _create_business
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.integration
+
+_BUSINESSES = "/api/v1/business/businesses"
+_SHIPMENTS = "/api/v1/business/shipments"
+_RECEIPTS = "/api/v1/business/receipts"
+_PERSONNEL = "/api/v1/base/personnel"
+
+
+def _item(**overrides: object) -> dict:
+    """发货明细行入参（默认：3 × 300.00 = 900）。"""
+    body: dict = {
+        "product_name": f"t_产品_{uuid.uuid4().hex[:8]}",
+        "quantity": "3",
+        "sale_price": "300.00",
+    }
+    body.update(overrides)
+    return body
+
+
+def _spayload(business_id: int, **overrides: object) -> dict:
+    body: dict = {
+        "business_id": business_id,
+        "ship_date": str(date.today()),
+        "items": [_item()],
+    }
+    body.update(overrides)
+    return body
+
+
+def _create(client: TestClient, headers: dict, business_id: int, **overrides: object) -> dict:
+    resp = client.post(_SHIPMENTS, json=_spayload(business_id, **overrides), headers=headers)
+    assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+    return resp.json()["data"]
+
+
+def _terminate(client: TestClient, headers: dict, business_id: int) -> None:
+    """把业务流转到已终止（终态禁写场景的造数步骤）。"""
+    resp = client.put(
+        f"{_BUSINESSES}/{business_id}/status",
+        json={"status": 3, "reason": f"t_终止_{uuid.uuid4().hex[:6]}"},
+        headers=headers,
+    )
+    assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+
+
+def _logs_of(username: str) -> list[OperationLog]:
+    """取某操作人的审计行（按 id 倒序，最新在前）。"""
+    factory = get_session_factory()
+    with factory() as session:
+        return list(
+            session.execute(
+                select(OperationLog)
+                .where(OperationLog.username == username)
+                .order_by(OperationLog.id.desc())
+            ).scalars()
+        )
+
+
+class TestAuth:
+    """鉴权：业务数据属业务操作不要求管理员，但仍是登录后接口。"""
+
+    def test_未登录访问发货单列表_401(self, client: TestClient) -> None:
+        resp = client.get(_SHIPMENTS)
+        assert resp.status_code == 401, resp.text
+
+
+class TestCreate:
+    """创建：SH 编号契约、行校验、行金额固化与双重汇总回写 —— 业务级汇总
+    是 M3 起付判定的直接消费源，错写就是算错钱。"""
+
+    def test_创建发货单_行金额固化与双重汇总回写(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        business = _create_business(client, headers)
+        data = _create(
+            client,
+            headers,
+            business["id"],
+            freight_amount="88.50",
+            items=[
+                _item(quantity="3", sale_price="300.00", amount="999.99"),
+                _item(quantity="2", sale_price="250.00"),
+            ],
+        )
+
+        # 编号格式：SH{YYYYMMDD}-{4位当日序号}（日期取当日）
+        expected_prefix = f"SH{date.today():%Y%m%d}-"
+        assert re.fullmatch(r"SH\d{8}-\d{4}", data["shipment_no"]), data["shipment_no"]
+        assert data["shipment_no"].startswith(expected_prefix), data["shipment_no"]
+
+        # 行金额由服务层按 数量×单价 固化：schema 无 amount 入参，塞了也忽略
+        detail = client.get(f"{_SHIPMENTS}/{data['id']}", headers=headers).json()["data"]
+        amounts = [Decimal(i["amount"]) for i in detail["items"]]
+        assert amounts == [Decimal("900"), Decimal("500")], detail["items"]
+        assert Decimal(detail["total_amount"]) == Decimal("1400")
+        assert Decimal(detail["freight_amount"]) == Decimal("88.50")
+
+        # 业务级汇总回写（发货金额 / 运费合计）
+        business_detail = client.get(f"{_BUSINESSES}/{business['id']}", headers=headers).json()[
+            "data"
+        ]
+        assert Decimal(business_detail["total_ship_amount"]) == Decimal("1400")
+        assert Decimal(business_detail["total_freight_amount"]) == Decimal("88.50")
+
+    def test_业务不存在_404(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        resp = client.post(_SHIPMENTS, json=_spayload(999999999), headers=normal["headers"])
+        assert resp.status_code == 404, resp.text
+        assert "业务不存在" in resp.json()["message"], resp.text
+
+    def test_终态业务禁新发货_400(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        business = _create_business(client, headers)
+        _terminate(client, headers, business["id"])
+        resp = client.post(_SHIPMENTS, json=_spayload(business["id"]), headers=headers)
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+        assert "业务已完成或已终止，禁止新发货" in resp.json()["message"], resp.text
+
+    def test_明细为空_400(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        business = _create_business(client, normal["headers"])
+        resp = client.post(
+            _SHIPMENTS, json=_spayload(business["id"], items=[]), headers=normal["headers"]
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+
+    def test_明细行数量为0_400(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        business = _create_business(client, normal["headers"])
+        resp = client.post(
+            _SHIPMENTS,
+            json=_spayload(business["id"], items=[_item(quantity="0")]),
+            headers=normal["headers"],
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+        assert "数量" in resp.json()["message"], resp.text
+
+    def test_运费负数_400(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        """运费是金额源数据：负值会让业务运费合计与报表直接错乱。"""
+        business = _create_business(client, normal["headers"])
+        resp = client.post(
+            _SHIPMENTS,
+            json=_spayload(business["id"], freight_amount="-8.00"),
+            headers=normal["headers"],
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+        assert "不能为负数" in resp.json()["message"], resp.text
+
+    def test_运费三位小数_400(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        business = _create_business(client, normal["headers"])
+        resp = client.post(
+            _SHIPMENTS,
+            json=_spayload(business["id"], freight_amount="8.333"),
+            headers=normal["headers"],
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+        assert "最多两位小数" in resp.json()["message"], resp.text
+
+
+class TestEdit:
+    """编辑（明细全量替换）与两处汇总同步 —— 业务级汇总漏算即漂移。"""
+
+    def test_编辑发货单_两处汇总同步(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        business = _create_business(client, headers)
+        data = _create(
+            client,
+            headers,
+            business["id"],
+            freight_amount="50.00",
+            items=[_item(quantity="1", sale_price="1000.00")],
+        )
+        before = client.get(f"{_BUSINESSES}/{business['id']}", headers=headers).json()["data"]
+        assert Decimal(before["total_ship_amount"]) == Decimal("1000")
+
+        updated = client.put(
+            f"{_SHIPMENTS}/{data['id']}",
+            json={
+                "ship_date": str(date.today()),
+                "freight_amount": "12.00",
+                "items": [_item(quantity="2", sale_price="150.00")],
+            },
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert updated.status_code == 200, updated.text
+        assert Decimal(updated.json()["data"]["total_amount"]) == Decimal("300")
+
+        # 业务级两处汇总随编辑同步
+        after = client.get(f"{_BUSINESSES}/{business['id']}", headers=headers).json()["data"]
+        assert Decimal(after["total_ship_amount"]) == Decimal("300")
+        assert Decimal(after["total_freight_amount"]) == Decimal("12")
+
+        detail = client.get(f"{_SHIPMENTS}/{data['id']}", headers=headers).json()["data"]
+        assert len(detail["items"]) == 1, "编辑是全量替换，旧行不得残留"
+        assert Decimal(detail["items"][0]["amount"]) == Decimal("300")
+
+
+class TestDelete:
+    """删除保护与汇总回退：被回款指定禁删；删除后业务级汇总必须回算。"""
+
+    def test_被回款指定禁删_解除后可删_汇总回退(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        business = _create_business(client, headers)
+        data = _create(
+            client,
+            headers,
+            business["id"],
+            freight_amount="20.00",
+            items=[_item(quantity="1", sale_price="500.00")],
+        )
+        receipt = client.post(
+            _RECEIPTS,
+            json={
+                "business_id": business["id"],
+                "shipment_id": data["id"],
+                "receipt_date": str(date.today()),
+                "amount": "500.00",
+            },
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert receipt.status_code == 200, receipt.text
+
+        blocked = client.delete(f"{_SHIPMENTS}/{data['id']}", headers=headers)
+        assert blocked.status_code == 400, blocked.text
+        assert "已被回款批次指定" in blocked.json()["message"], blocked.text
+
+        # 解除回款的批次指定（未核算回款可删）后发货单可删，业务级汇总回退
+        assert (
+            client.delete(
+                f"{_RECEIPTS}/{receipt.json()['data']['id']}", headers=headers
+            ).status_code
+            == 200
+        )
+        freed = client.delete(f"{_SHIPMENTS}/{data['id']}", headers=headers)
+        assert freed.status_code == 200, freed.text
+        business_detail = client.get(f"{_BUSINESSES}/{business['id']}", headers=headers).json()[
+            "data"
+        ]
+        assert Decimal(business_detail["total_ship_amount"]) == Decimal("0")
+        assert Decimal(business_detail["total_freight_amount"]) == Decimal("0")
+
+    def test_删除未被指定的发货单_业务级汇总回退(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        business = _create_business(client, headers)
+        data = _create(
+            client,
+            headers,
+            business["id"],
+            freight_amount="100.00",
+            items=[_item(quantity="2", sale_price="1000.00")],
+        )
+        before = client.get(f"{_BUSINESSES}/{business['id']}", headers=headers).json()["data"]
+        assert Decimal(before["total_ship_amount"]) == Decimal("2000")
+
+        freed = client.delete(f"{_SHIPMENTS}/{data['id']}", headers=headers)
+        assert freed.status_code == 200, freed.text
+        assert client.get(f"{_SHIPMENTS}/{data['id']}", headers=headers).status_code == 404
+        after = client.get(f"{_BUSINESSES}/{business['id']}", headers=headers).json()["data"]
+        assert Decimal(after["total_ship_amount"]) == Decimal("0")
+        assert Decimal(after["total_freight_amount"]) == Decimal("0")
+
+
+class TestTerminal:
+    """终态业务的发货单禁改禁删 —— 发货的运费/金额是业务级汇总与 M3 核算
+    的源数据，终态后不得变动。"""
+
+    def test_终态业务发货单禁改_400(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        business = _create_business(client, headers)
+        data = _create(client, headers, business["id"])
+        _terminate(client, headers, business["id"])
+
+        resp = client.put(
+            f"{_SHIPMENTS}/{data['id']}",
+            json={
+                "ship_date": str(date.today()),
+                "items": [_item(quantity="1", sale_price="1.00")],
+            },
+            headers=headers,
+        )
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+        assert "禁止编辑发货单" in resp.json()["message"], resp.text
+
+    def test_终态业务发货单禁删_400(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        business = _create_business(client, headers)
+        data = _create(client, headers, business["id"])
+        _terminate(client, headers, business["id"])
+
+        resp = client.delete(f"{_SHIPMENTS}/{data['id']}", headers=headers)
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+        assert "禁止删除发货单" in resp.json()["message"], resp.text
+
+
+class TestAudit:
+    """写操作（含校验失败的）都在 operation_logs 留痕 —— 审计是验收项。"""
+
+    def test_新增发货单成功留审计(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        business = _create_business(client, headers)
+        data = _create(client, headers, business["id"])
+        logs = [
+            log
+            for log in _logs_of(normal["username"])
+            if log.module == MODULE_SHIPMENT and log.action == ACTION_CREATE
+        ]
+        assert logs, "新增发货单未留操作日志"
+        latest = logs[0]
+        assert latest.success == 1
+        assert "新增发货单" in latest.summary
+        assert data["shipment_no"] in latest.summary
+
+    def test_终态禁新发货失败留审计(self, client: TestClient, normal: dict) -> None:
+        headers = normal["headers"]
+        business = _create_business(client, headers)
+        _terminate(client, headers, business["id"])
+        resp = client.post(_SHIPMENTS, json=_spayload(business["id"]), headers=headers)
+        assert resp.status_code == 400, resp.text
+        failed = [
+            log
+            for log in _logs_of(normal["username"])
+            if log.module == MODULE_SHIPMENT and log.success == 0
+        ]
+        assert failed, "失败操作未留痕"
+        assert "禁止新发货" in (failed[0].error_message or ""), failed[0]

backend/tests/unit/test_audit_serialization.py

@@ -62,7 +62,20 @@ class TestSerializeRequestData:
     def test_手机号被脱敏(self) -> None:
         text = _serialize_request_data({"phone": "13812345678"}) or ""
         assert "13812345678" not in text
-        assert "138****5678" in text
+        # phone 键已加入结构化抹除清单（整值 ***）—— 带空格/横线分隔的号码
+        # （如 138 0013 8000）会穿过分值文本正则，键名整值抹除是更强的防线
+        assert '"phone": "***"' in text
+
+    def test_带分隔符的手机号被脱敏(self) -> None:
+        """修复回归：'138 0013 8000' 类分隔符写法曾同时穿过分值正则与键名清单。"""
+        for payload in (
+            {"phone": "138 0013 8000"},
+            {"phone": "138-0013-8000"},
+            {"mobile": "13800138000"},
+        ):
+            text = _serialize_request_data(payload) or ""
+            assert "13800138000" not in text.replace(" ", "").replace("-", "")
+            assert "***" in text
 
     def test_超长中文按字节边界截断且无残字(self) -> None:
         """75000 字节（25000 个汉字）必然超限：

backend/tests/unit/test_formula.py

@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+"""公式纯函数测试。
+
+守的是：算钱公式的精确性与边界 —— 一旦按 float 或字面量截断计算，
+360/361 天分界、4/360 斜率、27 天回款示例会全部错位，直接影响工资金额。
+断言一律用 Fraction/Decimal 精确值，禁近似比较。
+"""
+
+from datetime import date
+from decimal import Decimal
+from fractions import Fraction
+
+from app.services.formula import (
+    apply_barter,
+    converted_profit,
+    payment_days,
+    payment_weight,
+    performance_amount,
+    profit_rate,
+    salesperson_rate,
+    start_payment_ok,
+)
+
+# 与迁移种子一致的业务员参数（存储口径：start/floor 为 ‰ 数，slope 为 ‰/天）
+SP_START = Fraction(10)
+SP_SLOPE = Fraction(4, 360)
+SP_FLOOR = Fraction(4)
+SP_BOUNDARY = 360
+
+
+def _sp_rate(days: int) -> Fraction:
+    return salesperson_rate(
+        days, start=SP_START, slope=SP_SLOPE, floor=SP_FLOOR, boundary_days=SP_BOUNDARY
+    )
+
+
+class TestPaymentDays:
+    """回款天数：发货日首日计第 1 天（对照表 #1；需规「26 天」示例作废）。"""
+
+    def test_发货日当天回款为第1天(self) -> None:
+        d = date(2026, 1, 1)
+        assert payment_days(d, d) == 1
+
+    def test_12月15日发货1月10日回款为27天(self) -> None:
+        assert payment_days(date(2025, 12, 15), date(2026, 1, 10)) == 27
+
+    def test_跨年按自然日连续累计(self) -> None:
+        assert payment_days(date(2025, 12, 31), date(2026, 1, 1)) == 2
+
+
+class TestSalespersonRate:
+    """业务员计提比例：1~360 天线性递减、≥361 天固定下限（对照表 #4）。"""
+
+    def test_第360天恰为千分之6_线性段终点(self) -> None:
+        assert _sp_rate(360) == Fraction(6, 1000)
+
+    def test_第361天固定下限千分之4_分界线(self) -> None:
+        # 公式外推为 5.989‰，业务确认「360 为分界线，360 以后按千分之四」
+        assert _sp_rate(361) == Fraction(4, 1000)
+
+    def test_第1天按公式为899比90000_非取整为10(self) -> None:
+        # 需规图示「第 1 天对应 10‰」为上限参考；公式值 = (10 − 4/360)/1000 = 899/90000
+        assert _sp_rate(1) == Fraction(899, 90000)
+
+    def test_第180天线性段中点千分之8(self) -> None:
+        assert _sp_rate(180) == Fraction(8, 1000)
+
+    def test_返回值为纯比例_非千分数(self) -> None:
+        # 绩效 = 折算额 × 比例，比例必须是 0.006 而非 6
+        assert _sp_rate(360) == Fraction(6, 1000)
+        assert _sp_rate(360) != Fraction(6)
+
+    def test_负天数钳制为0天_按起始比例计提(self) -> None:
+        """先款后货（payment_days 为负）不线性外插：钳到 0 天取起始比例。
+
+        修复前 days=-5 会算出 (10 + 5×4/360)‰ —— 高于起始值，多算绩效。
+        """
+        assert _sp_rate(-5) == _sp_rate(0)
+        assert _sp_rate(-1) == Fraction(10, 1000)
+
+
+class TestProfitRate:
+    """毛利润率：不含运费口径（对照表 #2），毛利润额 / 销售额。"""
+
+    def test_毛利润率_不含运费(self) -> None:
+        assert profit_rate(Decimal("45"), Decimal("100")) == Fraction(9, 20)
+
+    def test_销售额为零_返回零_防除零(self) -> None:
+        assert profit_rate(Decimal("0"), Decimal("0")) == Fraction(0)
+
+
+class TestConvertedProfit:
+    """折算毛利润额（化简式）：销售额 ×(毛利润率 − 阈值)（对照表 #12/#13）。"""
+
+    def test_化简式结果_市政水利30点阈值(self) -> None:
+        # 100 × (9/20 − 30/100) = 15
+        assert converted_profit(Decimal("100"), Fraction(9, 20), Fraction(30)) == Decimal("15")
+
+    def test_化简式与定义式等价(self) -> None:
+        # 定义式：毛利润额 / 毛利润率 × (毛利润率 − 阈值) = 45 / (9/20) × (9/20 − 3/10) = 15
+        revenue, profit = Decimal("100"), Decimal("45")
+        rate = profit_rate(profit, revenue)
+        assert converted_profit(revenue, rate, Fraction(30)) == Decimal("15")
+
+    def test_毛利润额为零_折算为零_不除零(self) -> None:
+        assert converted_profit(Decimal("0"), Fraction(0), Fraction(30)) == Decimal("0")
+
+    def test_毛利润率低于阈值_折算为负_不归零(self) -> None:
+        # 100 × (1/10 − 3/10) = -20（业务确认负值正常计算）
+        assert converted_profit(Decimal("100"), Fraction(1, 10), Fraction(30)) == Decimal("-20")
+
+
+class TestPerformanceAmount:
+    """绩效 = 折算毛利润额 × 计提比例（乘法方向，对照表 #3）。"""
+
+    def test_乘法方向_折算额乘比例(self) -> None:
+        # 15000 × 97/10000 = 145.5
+        assert performance_amount(Decimal("15000"), Fraction(97, 10000)) == Decimal("145.5")
+
+    def test_负折算额_绩效为负不归零(self) -> None:
+        assert performance_amount(Decimal("-20"), Fraction(6, 1000)) == Decimal("-0.12")
+
+
+class TestModifiers:
+    """修饰器：以物抵顶、支付权重 R×R、起付判定（对照表 #21/#22/#24）。"""
+
+    def test_以物抵顶_按80点折算(self) -> None:
+        assert apply_barter(Decimal("145.5"), Fraction(80)) == Decimal("116.4")
+
+    def test_支付权重_R为60时0点36(self) -> None:
+        assert payment_weight(60) == Fraction(36, 100)
+
+    def test_支付权重_R为100时全额(self) -> None:
+        assert payment_weight(100) == Fraction(1)
+
+    def test_起付判定_达到60点(self) -> None:
+        assert start_payment_ok(Decimal("60000"), Decimal("100000"), Fraction(60)) is True
+
+    def test_起付判定_未达到60点(self) -> None:
+        assert start_payment_ok(Decimal("59999"), Decimal("100000"), Fraction(60)) is False

backend/tests/unit/test_models.py

@@ -19,8 +19,32 @@ EXPECTED_TABLES = {
     "role_permissions",
     "login_logs",
     "operation_logs",
+    "business_roles",
+    "system_settings",
+    "approval_orders",
+    "approval_steps",
+    "business_secondary_allocations",
+    "param_definitions",
+    "param_change_batches",
+    "param_values",
+    "personnel",
+    "personnel_regions",
+    "personnel_plans",
+    "products",
+    "customers",
+    "ownership_change_logs",
+    "businesses",
+    "business_items",
+    "business_status_logs",
+    "shipments",
+    "shipment_items",
+    "receipts",
+    "customer_rating_grades",
 }
 
+# 单复数同形的集合名词：本身即复数语义，不受「以 s 结尾」检查约束
+PLURAL_EXCEPTIONS = {"personnel"}
+
 
 def _ddl(table_name: str) -> str:
     """返回某张表的建表 DDL 文本。"""
@@ -39,7 +63,9 @@ class TestTableSet:
     def test_所有表名均为小写蛇形复数(self) -> None:
         for name in Base.metadata.tables:
             assert re.fullmatch(r"[a-z][a-z0-9_]*", name), f"表名 {name} 不符合小写蛇形"
-            assert name.endswith("s"), f"表名 {name} 应为复数"
+            # personnel 等集合名词单复数同形，本身即复数语义
+            if name not in PLURAL_EXCEPTIONS:
+                assert name.endswith("s"), f"表名 {name} 应为复数"
 
 
 class TestNamingConvention:

backend/tests/unit/test_param_registry.py

@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+"""参数注册表与公式模板注册表测试。
+
+守的是：注册表是参数种子数据与运行期校验的唯一来源 —— 一旦编码或默认值
+与迁移种子漂移，参数解析会取到错误口径；一旦取值校验失守，
+畸形值（如 "1/0"）会落库并在核算时崩溃或算错钱。
+"""
+
+from fractions import Fraction
+
+import pytest
+
+from app.core.exceptions import BadRequestError
+from app.services.calc_templates import TEMPLATES, get_template, required_params
+from app.services.param_registry import (
+    PARAM_REGISTRY,
+    get_spec,
+    parse_fraction,
+    validate_and_normalize,
+)
+
+# 与 db/migration 迁移种子保持一致的 18 项编码（V3 十六项 + V6 审批开关两项）
+EXPECTED_CODES = {
+    "salesperson.rate.start",
+    "salesperson.rate.slope",
+    "salesperson.rate.floor",
+    "salesperson.days.boundary",
+    "manager.share.team",
+    "manager.share.company",
+    "enterprise.rate",
+    "info.rate",
+    "prepay.rate",
+    "barter.discount",
+    "payment.start.ratio",
+    "payment.weight.mode",
+    "product.threshold",
+    "salary.basic.mode",
+    "probation.annual.threshold",
+    "probation.salary.basic",
+    "approval.secondary_allocation.enabled",
+    "approval.monthly_settlement.enabled",
+}
+
+
+class TestRegistry:
+    """注册表元数据完整性（与迁移种子同源）。"""
+
+    def test_注册表共18项(self) -> None:
+        assert len(PARAM_REGISTRY) == 18
+
+    def test_编码集合与迁移种子一致(self) -> None:
+        assert set(PARAM_REGISTRY) == EXPECTED_CODES
+
+    def test_每项必填字段非空(self) -> None:
+        for spec in PARAM_REGISTRY.values():
+            assert spec.code, "code 为空"
+            assert spec.name, f"{spec.code} 缺中文名称"
+            assert spec.group, f"{spec.code} 缺分组"
+            assert spec.value_type in {"DECIMAL", "INT", "BOOL", "ENUM", "TEXT"}
+
+    def test_默认值可按类型解析(self) -> None:
+        for spec in PARAM_REGISTRY.values():
+            if spec.default_value is None:
+                continue
+            if spec.value_type in {"DECIMAL", "INT"}:
+                parse_fraction(spec.default_value)  # 不可解析会抛 BadRequestError
+            elif spec.value_type == "BOOL":
+                assert spec.default_value in {"0", "1"}, f"{spec.code} 默认值非 0/1"
+            elif spec.value_type == "ENUM":
+                assert spec.options, f"{spec.code} 为 ENUM 但无选项"
+                assert spec.default_value in spec.options
+
+    def test_BOOL开关_仅接受0与1(self) -> None:
+        """V6 首例 BOOL 注册的两个审批开关：合法值与非法值边界。"""
+        for code in (
+            "approval.secondary_allocation.enabled",
+            "approval.monthly_settlement.enabled",
+        ):
+            spec = PARAM_REGISTRY[code]
+            assert spec.value_type == "BOOL"
+            assert validate_and_normalize(spec, "0") == "0"
+            assert validate_and_normalize(spec, "1") == "1"
+            with pytest.raises(BadRequestError):
+                validate_and_normalize(spec, "true")
+            with pytest.raises(BadRequestError):
+                validate_and_normalize(spec, "2")
+
+    def test_取值域上下限可解析(self) -> None:
+        for spec in PARAM_REGISTRY.values():
+            if spec.value_min is not None:
+                parse_fraction(spec.value_min)
+            if spec.value_max is not None:
+                parse_fraction(spec.value_max)
+
+    def test_取未注册编码抛ValueError_属代码缺陷(self) -> None:
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+            get_spec("not.exist.code")
+
+
+class TestParseFraction:
+    """Fraction 精确解析：4/360 不许经 float 中转。"""
+
+    def test_分数式精确解析_4除以360(self) -> None:
+        assert parse_fraction("4/360") == Fraction(1, 90)
+
+    def test_整数解析(self) -> None:
+        assert parse_fraction("10") == Fraction(10)
+
+    def test_小数解析(self) -> None:
+        assert parse_fraction("12.5") == Fraction(25, 2)
+
+    def test_除零分数拒绝(self) -> None:
+        with pytest.raises(BadRequestError):
+            parse_fraction("1/0")
+
+    def test_非数字拒绝(self) -> None:
+        with pytest.raises(BadRequestError):
+            parse_fraction("abc")
+
+
+class TestValidateAndNormalize:
+    """参数值校验：类型/取值域/枚举（审查重点 1：畸形值不得落库）。"""
+
+    def test_去除首尾空白后返回规范值(self) -> None:
+        spec = PARAM_REGISTRY["barter.discount"]
+        assert validate_and_normalize(spec, " 80 ") == "80"
+
+    def test_超取值域上限拒绝(self) -> None:
+        spec = PARAM_REGISTRY["barter.discount"]  # value_max=100
+        with pytest.raises(BadRequestError):
+            validate_and_normalize(spec, "120")
+
+    def test_低于取值域下限拒绝(self) -> None:
+        spec = PARAM_REGISTRY["barter.discount"]  # value_min=0
+        with pytest.raises(BadRequestError):
+            validate_and_normalize(spec, "-1")
+
+    def test_枚举越界拒绝(self) -> None:
+        spec = PARAM_REGISTRY["payment.weight.mode"]
+        with pytest.raises(BadRequestError):
+            validate_and_normalize(spec, "PARTIAL")
+
+    def test_枚举合法值通过(self) -> None:
+        spec = PARAM_REGISTRY["payment.weight.mode"]
+        assert validate_and_normalize(spec, "BALANCE") == "BALANCE"
+
+    def test_整数类型拒绝小数(self) -> None:
+        spec = PARAM_REGISTRY["salesperson.days.boundary"]
+        with pytest.raises(BadRequestError):
+            validate_and_normalize(spec, "360.5")
+
+    def test_分数式斜率原样保留不截断(self) -> None:
+        spec = PARAM_REGISTRY["salesperson.rate.slope"]
+        assert validate_and_normalize(spec, "4/360") == "4/360"
+
+
+class TestTemplates:
+    """公式模板注册表：有限集合，声明参数必须真实存在。"""
+
+    def test_共五个模板(self) -> None:
+        assert len(TEMPLATES) == 5
+
+    def test_模板声明参数均在注册表内(self) -> None:
+        for tpl in TEMPLATES.values():
+            for code in tpl.params:
+                assert code in PARAM_REGISTRY, f"{tpl.code} 声明了未注册参数 {code}"
+
+    def test_取模板声明参数(self) -> None:
+        params = required_params("TPL_SALESPERSON_DECAY")
+        assert "salesperson.rate.slope" in params
+
+    def test_未知模板抛ValueError_属代码缺陷(self) -> None:
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+            get_template("TPL_NOT_EXIST")