273ebf4657
后端 FastAPI 六层结构（api/services/repositories/models/schemas/core）， 统一响应信封、全局异常、日志脱敏；6 张表经 Alembic 迁移建库，SQL 留存 db/migration；登录鉴权含图形验证码（Redis GETDEL 防重放）、JWT、登录限流、 登出黑名单（TTL=令牌剩余有效期）、登录日志。 前端 Vue3 + TS + Element Plus 骨架，含登录页、路由守卫、请求封装与 Vite 代理。 工程配置：uv 锁定 Python 3.12、ruff 检查与格式化、editorconfig、gitattributes。 测试 184 项（单元 155 / 集成 29）全绿，浏览器端到端 8 项通过。 Co-Authored-By: Claude Code <noreply@anthropic.com>
168 lines
5.7 KiB
Python
168 lines
5.7 KiB
Python
"""认证业务编排。
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**事务边界在本层**：一次登录的「更新最后登录时间 + 写登录日志」在同一事务内提交。
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**失败日志为什么单独提交**：登录失败时抛出的异常会让请求事务回滚，
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若日志与业务同事务，最需要留痕的失败记录反而被丢掉。故失败路径先提交日志再抛。
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"""
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import logging
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from datetime import UTC, datetime
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from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
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from app.core.exceptions import AuthError, BadRequestError, ForbiddenError
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from app.core.security import create_access_token, decode_token, verify_password
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from app.repositories import login_log_repository, user_repository
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from app.schemas.auth import LoginOut, UserBrief
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from app.services import captcha_service, login_limiter, token_blacklist
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logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
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# 统一凭据错误文案：不区分「用户不存在」与「密码错误」，防止账号枚举。
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# 攻击者据此无法判断某个用户名是否真实存在。
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INVALID_CREDENTIALS = "用户名或密码错误"
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def _record(
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session: Session,
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*,
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user_id: int | None,
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username: str,
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ip: str | None,
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user_agent: str | None,
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success: bool,
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fail_reason: str | None = None,
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) -> None:
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"""写登录日志并立即提交。单独提交是刻意为之，见模块 docstring。"""
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login_log_repository.add(
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session,
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user_id=user_id,
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username=username,
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ip=ip,
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user_agent=user_agent,
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success=success,
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fail_reason=fail_reason,
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)
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session.commit()
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def login(
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session: Session,
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*,
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username: str,
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password: str,
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captcha_id: str,
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captcha_code: str,
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ip: str | None,
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user_agent: str | None,
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) -> LoginOut:
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"""执行登录，返回访问令牌与用户信息。
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判定顺序是有意设计的，每一步对应一类攻击面：
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1. **锁定检查放在最前** —— 否则攻击者无需通过验证码即可消耗失败计数
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2. **验证码校验并消费** —— 阻断自动化撞库
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3. **凭据校验** —— 用户不存在与密码错误共用同一文案
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4. **状态检查放在最后** —— 若提前到密码校验之前，会向未持有正确密码者
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暴露「该账号存在但已禁用」
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:raises ForbiddenError: 账号锁定或已禁用（403）
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:raises BadRequestError: 验证码错误或凭据错误（400）
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"""
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# ---- 1. 锁定检查 ----
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if login_limiter.is_locked(username):
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remaining = login_limiter.remaining_lock_seconds(username)
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minutes = max(1, (remaining + 59) // 60) # 向上取整，避免显示"0 分钟"
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_record(
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session,
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user_id=None,
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username=username,
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ip=ip,
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user_agent=user_agent,
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success=False,
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fail_reason="账号锁定",
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)
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raise ForbiddenError(f"账号已锁定，请 {minutes} 分钟后重试")
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# ---- 2. 验证码校验（无论成败，该验证码都已失效）----
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if not captcha_service.verify_and_consume(captcha_id, captcha_code):
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_record(
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session,
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user_id=None,
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username=username,
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ip=ip,
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user_agent=user_agent,
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success=False,
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fail_reason="验证码错误",
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)
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raise BadRequestError("验证码错误或已过期，请刷新验证码")
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# ---- 3. 凭据校验 ----
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user = user_repository.get_by_username(session, username)
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if user is None or not verify_password(password, user.password):
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login_limiter.record_failure(username)
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_record(
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session,
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user_id=user.id if user else None,
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username=username,
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ip=ip,
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user_agent=user_agent,
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success=False,
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fail_reason=INVALID_CREDENTIALS,
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)
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raise BadRequestError(INVALID_CREDENTIALS)
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# ---- 4. 状态检查 ----
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if user.status != 1:
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_record(
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session,
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user_id=user.id,
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username=username,
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ip=ip,
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user_agent=user_agent,
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success=False,
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fail_reason="账号禁用",
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)
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raise ForbiddenError("账号已被禁用，请联系管理员")
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# ---- 成功 ----
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login_limiter.clear(username)
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role_codes = user_repository.get_role_codes(user)
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# 库列存本地时间（容器 TZ=Asia/Shanghai）；JWT 内部另用 UTC，两者不混算
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user_repository.touch_last_login(session, user, datetime.now())
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token, _, expires_in = create_access_token(
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user_id=user.id, token_version=user.token_version, roles=role_codes
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)
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_record(session, user_id=user.id, username=username, ip=ip, user_agent=user_agent, success=True)
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logger.info("用户登录成功 | username=%s | ip=%s", username, ip)
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return LoginOut(
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access_token=token,
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expires_in=expires_in,
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user=UserBrief(
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id=user.id, username=user.username, real_name=user.real_name, roles=role_codes
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),
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)
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def logout(access_token: str) -> None:
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"""登出：把当前令牌加入黑名单。
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令牌已自然过期或格式非法时**静默返回** —— 此时没有需要撤销的凭证，
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对调用方而言登出都是"已达成"；返回 401 只会让前端多弹一次无意义的报错。
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"""
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try:
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payload = decode_token(access_token)
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except AuthError:
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return
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jti = payload.get("jti")
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exp = payload.get("exp")
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if not jti or not exp:
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return
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# 黑名单 TTL 必须等于令牌**剩余**有效期，写死固定值会导致"登出后又活了"
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remaining = int(exp - datetime.now(UTC).timestamp())
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token_blacklist.revoke(jti, remaining)
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