refactor(backend): 仓储层散参数收敛为查询 DTO

仓储层的 list_*/count_* 此前以 keyword/status/offset/limit 四五个散参数
传参，调用点重复铺开、易漏传且不可扩展；按项目「参数 >4 封装 DTO」的
约定统一收敛为各模块的 Query 对象（如 RoleQuery、BusinessQuery），
服务层与测试调用同步调整，行为不变。

- repositories 层查询方法签名改为 (session, query)，分页与筛选条件
  由 Query 承载，_apply_filters 同步收口
- schemas 层补齐各模块 Query 模型（approval/business_role/report 等）
- services 层调用点同步改为传 Query
- tests 随之调整；新增用例：待办角色流转（财务通过后领导出现待办）、
  参数预览顺序稳定

验证：全量 pytest 900 passed（11:08）；单元 526 passed；ruff check 绿。

Co-Authored-By: Claude Code <noreply@anthropic.com>

backend/app/repositories/dashboard_repository.py

@@ -34,20 +34,25 @@ _PENDING_STATUSES = (
 
 # ==== 经营绩效总览 ====
 
+
 def sum_month_performance(session: Session, month: str) -> dict:
     """当月单笔生效行合计与人员数（拆行求和不失真，人数需 DISTINCT）。"""
-    return session.execute(
-        select(
-            func.coalesce(func.sum(PerformanceLedger.performance_amount), 0).label(
-                "performance_total"
-            ),
-            func.coalesce(func.sum(PerformanceLedger.payable_amount), 0).label("payable_total"),
-            func.count(func.distinct(PerformanceLedger.personnel_id)).label("person_count"),
-        ).where(
-            PerformanceLedger.settlement_month == month,
-            *_ACTIVE_SINGLE,
+    return (
+        session.execute(
+            select(
+                func.coalesce(func.sum(PerformanceLedger.performance_amount), 0).label(
+                    "performance_total"
+                ),
+                func.coalesce(func.sum(PerformanceLedger.payable_amount), 0).label("payable_total"),
+                func.count(func.distinct(PerformanceLedger.personnel_id)).label("person_count"),
+            ).where(
+                PerformanceLedger.settlement_month == month,
+                *_ACTIVE_SINGLE,
+            )
         )
-    ).mappings().one()
+        .mappings()
+        .one()
+    )
 
 
 def performance_trend(session: Session, months: list[str]) -> dict[str, object]:
@@ -66,9 +71,7 @@ def performance_trend(session: Session, months: list[str]) -> dict[str, object]:
     return dict(rows)
 
 
-def receipt_trend(
-    session: Session, *, start_date: date, end_date: date
-) -> dict[str, object]:
+def receipt_trend(session: Session, *, start_date: date, end_date: date) -> dict[str, object]:
     """近 N 个月回款合计（按到账月，含未核算回款——与台账口径不同，页面注明）。
 
     过滤走 ``receipt_date`` 原始列范围（可用索引）；``DATE_FORMAT`` 只用于
@@ -107,6 +110,7 @@ def get_month_settlement(session: Session, month: str) -> MonthlySettlement | No
 
 # ==== 待办事项 ====
 
+
 def list_pending_approvals(
     session: Session, *, statuses: tuple[int, ...], limit: int
 ) -> list[ApprovalOrder]:
@@ -160,15 +164,14 @@ def list_unassigned_receipts(session: Session, *, limit: int) -> list:
 def count_unassigned_receipts(session: Session) -> int:
     return int(
         session.execute(
-            select(func.count())
-            .select_from(Receipt)
-            .where(Receipt.shipment_id.is_(None))
+            select(func.count()).select_from(Receipt).where(Receipt.shipment_id.is_(None))
         ).scalar_one()
     )
 
 
 # ==== 风险预警 ====
 
+
 def list_overdue_shipments(session: Session, *, cutoff: date, limit: int) -> list:
     """发货后超过阈值且该批次无任何回款的发货单（回款逾期规则）。