feat(后端): 添加授权体系、系统监控与试用期计提

按 2026-11-02 需求补齐计划交付后端能力：
- 角色授权：权限目录化，接口统一准入校验，未登记默认拒绝；
  管理员判断改为按数据库角色重新判定，防止权限码持有者绕过
- 系统监控：单进程采集资源、请求与异常指标，分钟级聚合，
  阈值配置化；敏感配置增加 repr 保护，Redis 密码 URL 转义
- 试用期计提：按回款日判定并写入快照，年度结清与调整单联动；
  人员模型补试用期、离职日期与工资版本历史字段
- 计提模板：公式骨架受控，页面维护名称与参数绑定
- T+ 采集：自动化配置表与进度查询

内置角色禁停用保护对齐模块注释；核算规则版本提为常量并
补充批量核算失败堆栈日志。

影响范围：后端全部模块、数据库迁移 V22-V28
验证：uv run ruff check 通过；922 个单元测试全部通过；
集成测试因本机 MySQL 数据卷被其他容器锁定暂未运行

backend/app/services/approval_service.py

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ from app.core.constants import (
     ROLE_FINANCE,
     ROLE_LEADER,
 )
-from app.core.exceptions import BadRequestError, ForbiddenError, NotFoundError
+from app.core.exceptions import BadRequestError, NotFoundError
 from app.core.response import PageResult
 from app.models import ApprovalOrder, ApprovalStep, Business, User
 from app.models.approval import (
@@ -53,7 +53,6 @@ from app.models.approval import (
     APPROVAL_STATUS_REJECTED,
     APPROVAL_STATUS_WITHDRAWN,
 )
-from app.repositories import user_repository
 from app.schemas.approval import (
     ApprovalActionIn,
     ApprovalOrderDetailOut,
@@ -261,7 +260,6 @@ def act(
     驳回：任一在途状态 → 4（整体驳回，一期不退回重走）。
     节点留痕的 node 取**动作发生时的当前节点**（通过/驳回都记在操作节点上）。
     """
-    codes = set(user_repository.get_role_codes(operator))
     verb = ACTION_APPROVE if payload.action == APPROVAL_ACTION_APPROVE else ACTION_REJECT
     from app.core.config import get_settings
 
@@ -281,15 +279,29 @@ def act(
         ),
         meta=meta,
     ):
-        order = session.get(ApprovalOrder, order_id, with_for_update=True)
+        # 与工资生成保持相同人员锁顺序，审核驳回释放年度余额不得绕过结清锁。
+        hint = session.get(ApprovalOrder, order_id)
+        if hint is not None and hint.order_type in (2, 3):
+            from app.models import AdjustmentOrder, Personnel, SettlementItem
+
+            person_ids = []
+            if hint.order_type == 2:
+                person_ids = list(session.scalars(select(SettlementItem.personnel_id).where(SettlementItem.settlement_id == hint.ref_id)))
+            else:
+                target_adjustment = session.get(AdjustmentOrder, hint.ref_id)
+                if target_adjustment:
+                    person_ids = [target_adjustment.personnel_id]
+            list(session.scalars(select(Personnel).where(Personnel.id.in_(person_ids)).order_by(Personnel.id).with_for_update()))
+        order = session.get(ApprovalOrder, order_id, with_for_update=True, populate_existing=True)
         if order is None:
             raise NotFoundError("审批单不存在")
         if order.status not in _PENDING_STATUSES:
             raise BadRequestError("审批单已结束，不可重复操作")
 
         required_role = _NODE_ROLE_BY_STATUS[order.status]
-        if required_role not in codes:
-            raise ForbiddenError(f"当前节点须{_ROLE_LABEL[required_role]}角色操作")
+        from app.services.authorization_service import require_permission
+
+        require_permission(session, operator, "approvals:" + required_role)
 
         node_now = APPROVAL_NODES[order.status]
         rejected = payload.action == APPROVAL_ACTION_REJECT
@@ -528,6 +540,9 @@ def settlement_content(session: Session, settlement_id: int) -> dict | None:
                 "basic_amount": _amount_text(item.basic_amount),
                 "salary_mode": item.salary_mode,
                 "net_amount": _amount_text(item.net_amount),
+                "normal_payable_sum": str(item.normal_payable_sum),
+                "deferred_sum": str(item.deferred_sum),
+                "probation_payment_sum": str(item.probation_payment_sum),
                 "is_probation": item.is_probation,
             }
             for item in items