feat(后端): 添加授权体系、系统监控与试用期计提

按 2026-11-02 需求补齐计划交付后端能力： - 角色授权：权限目录化，接口统一准入校验，未登记默认拒绝；管理员判断改为按数据库角色重新判定，防止权限码持有者绕过 - 系统监控：单进程采集资源、请求与异常指标，分钟级聚合，阈值配置化；敏感配置增加 repr 保护，Redis 密码 URL 转义 - 试用期计提：按回款日判定并写入快照，年度结清与调整单联动；人员模型补试用期、离职日期与工资版本历史字段 - 计提模板：公式骨架受控，页面维护名称与参数绑定 - T+ 采集：自动化配置表与进度查询内置角色禁停用保护对齐模块注释；核算规则版本提为常量并补充批量核算失败堆栈日志。影响范围：后端全部模块、数据库迁移 V22-V28 验证：uv run ruff check 通过；922 个单元测试全部通过；集成测试因本机 MySQL 数据卷被其他容器锁定暂未运行
2026-11-03 11:20:55 +08:00
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+"""监控数据独立保存，不关联工资或审计表；仅这些新表按七天保留。"""
+
+from datetime import datetime
+
+from sqlalchemy import JSON, DateTime, Float, Index, Integer, String, UniqueConstraint
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column
+
+from app.models.base import BIGINT_UNSIGNED, Base, mysql_table_args
+
+
+class MonitorSnapshot(Base):
+    __tablename__ = "monitor_snapshots"
+    __table_args__ = mysql_table_args(
+        "分钟级运行监控快照",
+        UniqueConstraint("instance_id", "minute", name="uk_monitor_snapshots_instance_minute"),
+        Index("idx_monitor_snapshots_minute", "minute"),
+    )
+
+    id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True, comment="主键ID"
+    )
+    instance_id: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(32), comment="应用实例标识")
+    minute: Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(DateTime, comment="采集分钟，北京时间")
+    sample_count: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(Integer, comment="实际采样次数")
+    resources: Mapped[dict] = mapped_column(JSON, comment="资源均值与采集范围，不含配置")
+    requests: Mapped[dict] = mapped_column(JSON, comment="请求汇总与固定耗时直方图")
+
+
+class MonitorRequestMinute(Base):
+    __tablename__ = "monitor_request_minutes"
+    __table_args__ = mysql_table_args(
+        "接口分钟级运行统计",
+        UniqueConstraint(
+            "instance_id", "minute", "method", "route", name="uk_monitor_request_minutes_endpoint"
+        ),
+        Index("idx_monitor_request_minutes_minute", "minute"),
+    )
+
+    id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True, comment="主键ID"
+    )
+    instance_id: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(32), comment="应用实例标识")
+    minute: Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(DateTime, comment="请求分钟，北京时间")
+    method: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(8), comment="HTTP方法，固定集合")
+    route: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(256), comment="路由模板，不含原始地址及参数")
+    metrics: Mapped[dict] = mapped_column(JSON, comment="请求数、状态分类与固定直方图")
+
+
+class MonitorEvent(Base):
+    __tablename__ = "monitor_events"
+    __table_args__ = mysql_table_args(
+        "脱敏诊断事件与异常恢复记录",
+        Index("idx_monitor_events_last_seen", "last_seen"),
+        Index("idx_monitor_events_request_id", "request_id"),
+        Index("idx_monitor_events_fingerprint", "fingerprint", "resolved_at"),
+    )
+
+    id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        BIGINT_UNSIGNED, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True, comment="主键ID"
+    )
+    instance_id: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(32), comment="应用实例标识")
+    kind: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(24), comment="事件类型，固定集合")
+    code: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(64), comment="稳定错误码")
+    component: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(128), comment="所属组件或日志模块")
+    level: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(16), comment="异常级别")
+    message: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(256), comment="通用说明，不保存内部异常文本")
+    fingerprint: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(64), comment="同类健康异常合并键")
+    request_id: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(32), comment="请求关联编号")
+    method: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(8), comment="HTTP方法")
+    route: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(256), comment="路由模板")
+    status_code: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(Integer, comment="HTTP状态码")
+    duration_ms: Mapped[float | None] = mapped_column(Float, comment="请求耗时，毫秒")
+    batch_no: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(32), comment="相关同步批次编号")
+    first_seen: Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(DateTime, comment="首次发生时间")
+    last_seen: Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(DateTime, comment="最近发生时间")
+    occurrences: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(Integer, comment="发生或持续采样次数")
+    resolved_at: Mapped[datetime | None] = mapped_column(
+        DateTime, comment="恢复时间，仅用于健康异常"
+    )